<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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            <titleStmt>
                <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">7fsonʒ</hi></title>
            </titleStmt>
            <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
    Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
            <sourceDesc>
                <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
                        <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
                        <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
                        <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
            </sourceDesc>
        </fileDesc>
        <encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
    <tagsDecl>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
    </tagsDecl>
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    <text>
        <body>
            <entry xml:id="entry_7fsonʒ" xml:lang="os">
                <form xml:id="form_d2447e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>ᵆfsonʒ</orth></form>
                <form xml:id="form_d2447e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>æfsoj</orth></form>
                <sense xml:id="sense_d2447e72"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                        <q>ярмо</q>
                    </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                        <q>yoke</q>
                    </abv:tr></sense>
                <abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d2447e82">
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d2447e84">
                        <quote>æfsonʒ aræztæ ū bærzæjmæ gæsgæ</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>ярмо надо делать применительно к шее</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>the yoke should be done in relation to the neck</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/><biblScope>III
                            235</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d2447e103" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote>æfsoj dislæbæl niffedar kænuncæ stevʒitæj</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>ярмо прикрепляют к дышлу шворнем</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>the yoke is attached to the drawbar with a coupling bolt</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_SD"/><biblScope>245%l2%l</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d2447e125" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote>Toturi kond je ʽfsoj, Toturi kond æ ar</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>в (день) Тотура изготовлено его ярмо, в (день) Тотура изготовлена его
                                оглобля</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>on the day of Totura his yoke was made, on the day of Totura his
                                shaft was made</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/><biblScope>II
                            143</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d2447e147" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote>xumafonæ ærcudæj, æma Subalci æ galæn kʼox æfsoj iskodta</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>настало время пахоты, и Субалц сделал для своего быка ручное (?)
                                ярмо</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>it was time for plowing, and Subalts made a hand (?) yoke for his
                                bull</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/><biblScope>II
                            35</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d2447e169" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote>26 galemæn duwwæ læǧuz æfsoji</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>на 26 быков два плохих ярма</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>two bad yokes for 26 bulls</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_SD"/><biblScope>251%l1%l</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                </abv:exampleGrp>
                <etym xml:lang="ru">Н. W. <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Bailey</hi> сближает с <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2447e409" xml:id="mentioned_d2447e194" xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
                        <w>kṣāna-</w>
                        <gloss><q>плечевая лопатка</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2447e417" xml:id="mentioned_d2447e202" xml:lang="kho"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>scapula</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2447e423" xml:id="mentioned_d2447e208" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
                        <w>šānak</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2447e428" xml:id="mentioned_d2447e213" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
                        <w>šānah</w>
                        <gloss><q>гребень</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2447e436" xml:id="mentioned_d2447e221" xml:lang="fa"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>лопатка</q></gloss></mentioned>. Значения, по нашему мнению, плохо
                    вяжутся. Можно предполагать, что в основе лежит понятие „упряжки“. В этом случае
                    <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fsonʒ</hi> можно возвести к <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*span-ti</hi>, с многочисленной родней в
                    индоевропейских языках: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2447e443" xml:id="mentioned_d2447e228" xml:lang="sr"><lang/>
                        <w n="0">спона</w>
                        <gloss><q>пута лошади</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2447e451" xml:id="mentioned_d2447e237" xml:lang="sr"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>петля</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2447e457" xml:id="mentioned_d2447e243" xml:lang="cs"><lang/>
                        <w>spona</w>
                        <gloss><q>скоба</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2447e465" xml:id="mentioned_d2447e251" xml:lang="cs"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>скрепа</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2447e471" xml:id="mentioned_d2447e257" xml:lang="be"><lang/>
                        <w>спона</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2447e476" xml:id="mentioned_d2447e262" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
                        <w>за-понь, су-понь</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2447e482" xml:id="mentioned_d2447e268" xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
                        <w>pantis</w>
                        <gloss><q>путы для скота</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2447e490" xml:id="mentioned_d2447e276" xml:lang="lv"><lang/>
                        <w>spanda</w>
                        <gloss><q>веревка для привязывания плуга к ярму</q></gloss></mentioned>,
                        <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2447e498" xml:id="mentioned_d2447e284" xml:lang="sqj"><lang/>
                        <w>pendε</w>
                        <gloss><q>упряжка из пары быков</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2447e506" xml:id="mentioned_d2447e292" xml:lang="de"><lang/>
                        <w>Ge-spann</w>
                        <gloss><q>упряжка</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2447e514" xml:id="mentioned_d2447e300" xml:lang="de"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>запряжка</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2447e520" xml:id="mentioned_d2447e306" xml:lang="de"><w>spannen</w>
                        <gloss><q>натягивать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2447e527" xml:id="mentioned_d2447e313" xml:lang="de"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>запрягать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2447e533" xml:id="mentioned_d2447e319" xml:lang="ang"><lang/>
                        <w>spannan</w>
                        <gloss><q>запрягать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2447e541" xml:id="mentioned_d2447e327" xml:lang="ang"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>прикреплять</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2447e547" xml:id="mentioned_d2447e333" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
                        <w>vi-fšan-</w>
                        <gloss><q>разрывать</q></gloss></mentioned>. Идеосемантика слова <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fsonʒ</hi>
                    была бы в этом случае такая же, как у общеиндоевропейского названия ярма
                        (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2447e555" xml:id="mentioned_d2447e341" xml:lang="sa"><lang/>
                        <w>yuga-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2447e560" xml:id="mentioned_d2447e346" xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
                        <w n="0">иго</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2447e566" xml:id="mentioned_d2447e353" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
                        <w>ζυγόν</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2447e571" xml:id="mentioned_d2447e358" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
                        <w>jugum</w></mentioned> от <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2447e576" xml:id="mentioned_d2447e363" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
                        <w>yug-</w>
                        <gloss><q>связывать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2447e584" xml:id="mentioned_d2447e371" xml:lang="la"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>соединять</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2447e590" xml:id="mentioned_d2447e377" xml:lang="la"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>скреплять</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2447e596" xml:id="mentioned_d2447e383" xml:lang="la"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>запрягать</q></gloss></mentioned>). Дигорская форма <hi rendition="#rend_italic">æfsoj</hi> —
                    вторичная; ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fynʒ"/> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fij</hi>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærcynʒ"/> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ærcij</hi>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7lxyncʼ"><w>lxyncʼ</w></ref> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ælxij</hi>.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._Asica"/><biblScope>36</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>54</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
                <etym xml:lang="en">H. W. <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Bailey</hi> connects it with <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2447e194" xml:id="mentioned_d2447e409" xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
                        <w>kṣāna-</w>
                        <gloss><q>humeral scapula</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2447e202" xml:id="mentioned_d2447e417" xml:lang="kho"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>scapula</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2447e208" xml:id="mentioned_d2447e423" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
                        <w>šānak</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2447e213" xml:id="mentioned_d2447e428" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
                        <w>šānah</w>
                        <gloss><q>comb</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2447e221" xml:id="mentioned_d2447e436" xml:lang="fa"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>scapula</q></gloss></mentioned>. The meanings, in our opinion, do
                    not fit well. It can be assumed that it is based on the concept ‘team (of
                    horses)’. In this case <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fsonʒ</hi> can be traced back to <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*span-ti</hi>, with
                    numerous correspondences in Indo-European languages: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2447e228" xml:id="mentioned_d2447e443" xml:lang="sr"><lang/>
                        <w>spona</w>
                        <gloss><q>horse fetter</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2447e237" xml:id="mentioned_d2447e451" xml:lang="sr"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>loop</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2447e243" xml:id="mentioned_d2447e457" xml:lang="cs"><lang/>
                        <w>spona</w>
                        <gloss><q>staple</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2447e251" xml:id="mentioned_d2447e465" xml:lang="cs"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>clench</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2447e257" xml:id="mentioned_d2447e471" xml:lang="be"><lang/>
                        <w>spona</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2447e262" xml:id="mentioned_d2447e476" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
                        <w>za-ponʼ, su-ponʼ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2447e268" xml:id="mentioned_d2447e482" xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
                        <w>pantis</w>
                        <gloss><q>cattle fetter</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2447e276" xml:id="mentioned_d2447e490" xml:lang="lv"><lang/>
                        <w>spanda</w>
                        <gloss><q>rope for tying the plough to the yoke</q></gloss></mentioned>,
                        <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2447e284" xml:id="mentioned_d2447e498" xml:lang="sqj"><lang/>
                        <w>pendε</w>
                        <gloss><q>team of a pair of bulls</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2447e292" xml:id="mentioned_d2447e506" xml:lang="de"><lang/>
                        <w>Ge-spann</w>
                        <gloss><q>team</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2447e300" xml:id="mentioned_d2447e514" xml:lang="de"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>harness</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2447e306" xml:id="mentioned_d2447e520" xml:lang="de"><w>spannen</w>
                        <gloss><q>stretch</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2447e313" xml:id="mentioned_d2447e527" xml:lang="de"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>harness</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2447e319" xml:id="mentioned_d2447e533" xml:lang="ang"><lang/>
                        <w>spannan</w>
                        <gloss><q>harness</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2447e327" xml:id="mentioned_d2447e541" xml:lang="ang"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>attach</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2447e333" xml:id="mentioned_d2447e547" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
                        <w>vi-fšan-</w>
                        <gloss><q>tear to pieces</q></gloss></mentioned>. The ideosemantics of the
                    word <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fsonʒ</hi> would be in this case the same as of the common Indo-European
                    yoke name (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2447e341" xml:id="mentioned_d2447e555" xml:lang="sa"><lang/>
                        <w>yuga-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2447e346" xml:id="mentioned_d2447e560" xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
                        <w>igo</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2447e353" xml:id="mentioned_d2447e566" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
                        <w>ζυγόν</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2447e358" xml:id="mentioned_d2447e571" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
                        <w>jugum</w></mentioned> from <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2447e363" xml:id="mentioned_d2447e576" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
                        <w>yug-</w>
                        <gloss><q>tie together</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2447e371" xml:id="mentioned_d2447e584" xml:lang="la"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>join</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2447e377" xml:id="mentioned_d2447e590" xml:lang="la"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>fasten together</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2447e383" xml:id="mentioned_d2447e596" xml:lang="la"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>harness</q></gloss></mentioned>). Digor form <hi rendition="#rend_italic">æfsoj</hi> is
                    secondary; cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fynʒ"/> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fij</hi>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærcynʒ"/> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ærcij</hi>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7lxyncʼ"><w>lxyncʼ</w></ref> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ælxij</hi>.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._Asica"/><biblScope>36</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>54</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
            </entry>
        </body>
    </text>
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