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      <titleStmt>
        <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">tram</hi></title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
        Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
          <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
          <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
      </sourceDesc>
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        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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      <entry xml:id="entry_tram" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
        <form xml:id="form_d3598e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>tram</orth></form>
        <form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>tæran</orth></form>
        <sense xml:id="sense_d3598e69">
          <def xml:lang="ru">высоко ценимая порода верховых лошадей</def>
          <def xml:lang="en">highly valued riding horse breed</def>
        </sense>
        <exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Biji furt Murtazali ustur
                <oRef>tæranbæl</oRef> baduj</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Биев сын Муртазали сидит на большом (коне
                породы) <oRef>tæran</oRef></q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Biev’s son Murtazali sits on a large (horse of
                the breed) <oRef>tæran</oRef></q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
              <biblScope>II 125</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
        </exampleGrp>
        <etym xml:lang="ru">Как и другая знаменитая на Северном Кавказе порода коней <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sawlox"/>, получила свое название от той фамилии, представители которой
          занимались ее разведением, — на этот раз от абазинской фамилии <mentioned xml:lang="abq"><w>Tram</w>, <gloss>Трамовых</gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СМК"/>
                <biblScope>XXV <hi rendition="#rend_italic">3</hi>
            15</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. <quote><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Некоторые породы коней, например Трам, получили свое название по фамилии семейств,
              традиционно из поколения в поколение занимавшихся коневодством</q>
            <bibl>(<author>Дауров</author>. <title>Термины животноводства в адыгейском
              языке</title>. <title>Третья сессия по изучению иберийско-кавказских языков. Тезисы
                докладов</title>, <pubPlace>Грозный</pubPlace>, <date>1969</date>, <biblScope>стр.
                8</biblScope>)</bibl></quote>. Широкая известность данной породы подтверждается
          упоминанием в поэме <bibl><author>Лермонтова</author></bibl> «Измаил-Бей»: <cit>
            <quote>«Питомец смелый трамских табунов... Лежал издохший конь»</quote>
            <bibl>(<title>Сочинения, т. III</title>, <pubPlace>М.—Л.</pubPlace>, <date>1955</date>,
                <biblScope>стр. 214</biblScope>)</bibl>
          </cit>. — Ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sawlox"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_caǧdi6j9"><w>caǧdi</w></ref>.</etym>
        <etym xml:lang="en">Like another horse breed <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sawlox"/> famous
          in the North Caucasus, it got its name from the
          <?oxy_comment_start author="irina" timestamp="20230313T181859+0300" comment="?"?>family<?oxy_comment_end ?>
          whose representatives were engaged in breeding it – this time from the Abaza surname
            <mentioned xml:lang="abq"><w>Tram</w>, <gloss>Tramovs</gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СМК"/>
                <biblScope>XXV <hi rendition="#rend_italic">3</hi>
            15</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. <quote><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Some
              breeds of horses, such as Tram, got their name from families that have traditionally
              been engaged in horse breeding for generations</q>
            <bibl>(<author>Daurov</author>. <title>Terminy životnovodstva v adygejskom
                yazyke</title> [Terms of animal husbandry in the Adyghe language]. <title>Tretʼja
                sessija po izučeniju iberijsko-kavkazskix jazykov. Tezisy dokladov</title> [Third
              session on the study of Iberian-Caucasian languages. Book of abstracts],
                <pubPlace>Grozny</pubPlace>, <date>1969</date>, <biblScope>p.
            8</biblScope>)</bibl></quote>. The wide popularity of this breed is confirmed by the
          mention in <bibl><author>Lermontov</author>’s</bibl> poem <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Ismail Bey</q>: <cit>
            <quote><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes"><?oxy_comment_start author="irina" timestamp="20230313T182334+0300" comment="вообще хз но нет времени искать английские переводы......."?>A
                brave pet from tram herds... a dead horse lay<?oxy_comment_end ?></q>
            </quote>
            <bibl>(<title>Sočinenija</title> [Collected works], vol. III,
                <pubPlace>Moscow–Leningrad</pubPlace>, <date>1955</date>, <biblScope>p.
                214</biblScope>)</bibl>
          </cit>. — Cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sawlox"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_caǧdi6j9"><w>caǧdi</w></ref>.</etym>
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