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      <titleStmt>
        <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">xīlyn</hi></title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
        Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
          <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
          <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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      <entry xml:id="entry_xīlyn" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
        <form xml:id="form_d3792e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>xīlyn</orth><form type="participle"><orth>xyld</orth></form></form>
        <form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>xelun</orth><form type="participle"><orth>xild</orth></form></form>
        <sense>
          <sense xml:id="sense_d3792e69">
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>ползти</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>crawl</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
          <sense>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>лазать</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>climb</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
          <sense>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>карабкаться</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>clamber</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
          <sense>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>еле двигаться</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>barely move</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
          <sense>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">на языке охотников </note>
              <note xml:lang="en" type="comment">на языке охотников </note>
              <q>идти</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <note type="comment">in the language of hunters, </note>
              <q>go</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
        </sense>
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            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">kædæmdær ma <oRef>xīlæm</oRef>
              k˳yrmæj</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">куда-то мы еще ползем вслепую</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">somewhere we are still crawling blindly</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
              <biblScope>32</biblScope></bibl>
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            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">læppū ḱysylguj <oRef>ærxyldī</oRef>
              mæk’˳ylæj</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">мальчик медленно слез (<q>сполз</q>) с
                копны</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the boy slowly got down (<q>crawled down</q>)
                from the mop</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Arsen"/>
              <biblScope>17</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æʒ wallonaw næ warzyn
              <oRef>xīlyn</oRef></quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">я не люблю ползать, как червь</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">я I donʼt like to crawl like a worm</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Niger"/>
              <biblScope>127</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
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            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>xīlys</oRef> kʼūly</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ты карабкаешься по склону</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">you climb the slope</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Niger"/>
              <biblScope>158</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
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            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ew xelagæ cirti farsæj
              <oRef>raxildæj</oRef></quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">одна змея выползла сбоку из могилы</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">one snake crawled out from the side of the
                grave</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
              <biblScope>46</biblScope></bibl>
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            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">i xæʒaræj... zærond osæ
              <oRef>raxildæj</oRef></quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">из сакли выползла старуха</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">an old woman crawled out of the hut</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Qazb."/>
              <biblScope>9</biblScope></bibl>
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        </exampleGrp>
        <etym xml:lang="ru">Возможно, следует возводить к <mentioned xml:lang="iir"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">khairya-</w></mentioned>. Ср. <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <w>khelati</w>
            <gloss><q>двигается туда-сюда</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>шатается</q></gloss></mentioned>,
            <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
            <w>kīḍā</w>
            <gloss><q>ползучее растение</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>ползучий</q></gloss></mentioned>
              (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Jatakastava"/>
            <biblScope>454</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._Saka_Dictionary"/>
            <biblScope>60</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
            <w>’whyr</w>
            <gloss><q>подниматься</q></gloss><note type="bibl"> (?<bibl><author>Henning</author>,
                  <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AI"/>
                <biblScope>XIV 522</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Сюда же <note type="comment">(из скиф.?)</note>
          <mentioned xml:lang="ru-x-dial"><lang/>
            <w>хрять</w>
            <gloss><q>тащиться медленно, с трудом</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/> (жарг.) <w>хилять</w>
            <gloss><q>идти</q></gloss></mentioned>. <note type="footnote">Арготическое <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><w>хилять</w></mentioned> (вошло в словари воровского языка, например,
              <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Тонкова</hi> и <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Трахтенберга</hi>) не отражено ни у <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Даля</hi>, ни у
              <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Фасмера</hi>. Между тем оно широко распространено
                (<bibl><title xml:lang="ru">Культура речи</title>
              <biblScope>II 170</biblScope></bibl>), особенно в повелительной форме <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><w>хиляй!</w>
              <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">ступай</q></gloss>, собственно <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">ползи</q></gloss>!</mentioned>. Экспрессивно, как
            (в другом образном ключе) <hi rendition="#rend_italic">топай! катись! </hi> (само <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ступай! </hi> первоначально экспрессивное вместо <hi rendition="#rend_italic">иди! </hi>). Ср.: <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Ты хиляй
              помаленьку, а я мигом догоню</q> (записал <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Н.
              Унодиков</hi> от <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Е. П. Бебешева</hi>, Абакан,
            Хакасской обл.); <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><phr xml:lang="ru">Хиляй на танцы</phr><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><author xml:lang="ru">Колеганов</author>. <title xml:lang="ru">Словарь народных слов Пензенской области</title>.
                <date>1961</date></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Часто приходилось слышать в Москве и
            Ленинграде. Обманчиво было бы видеть в <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><w>хилять</w></mentioned> итератив к <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><w>хилять</w>
              <gloss><q>нагибать</q></gloss></mentioned> и пр. (по аналогии с <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><w>валить</w> || <w>валять</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><w>валиться</w> || <w>валяться</w></mentioned>, и т. п.). Этому препятствует
            различие залога: <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><w>хилять</w></mentioned> — средний
            глагол.</note> Ср. также <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
            <w>xinxili</w>
            <gloss><q>брести</q></gloss></mentioned>. — Ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xīlag"><w>xīlag</w>
            <gloss><q>змея</q></gloss></ref>. — Неясно отношение к <ref type="xr" target="#entry_nyxīlyn"><w>nyxīlyn</w>
            <gloss><q>дотрагиваться</q></gloss></ref> и пр. (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИЭС_II"/>
            <biblScope>221</biblScope></bibl>). <lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/>
            <biblScope>26</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
        <etym xml:lang="en">Perhaps it should be raised to <mentioned xml:lang="iir"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">khairya-</w></mentioned>. Cf. <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <w>khelati</w>
            <gloss><q>moves back and forth</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>staggers</q></gloss></mentioned>,
            <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
            <w>kīḍā</w>
            <gloss><q>creeper plant</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>creeping</q></gloss></mentioned>
              (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Jatakastava"/>
            <biblScope>454</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._Saka_Dictionary"/>
            <biblScope>60</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
            <w>’whyr</w>
            <gloss><q>get up</q></gloss><note type="bibl"> (?<bibl><author>Henning</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AI"/>
                <biblScope>XIV 522</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Here also <note type="comment">(from Scythian?)</note>
          <mentioned xml:lang="ru-x-dial"><lang/>
            <w>xrjatʼ</w>
            <gloss><q>drag slowly, with difficulty</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/> (slang) <w>xiljatʼ</w>
            <gloss><q>go</q></gloss></mentioned>.<note type="footnote">The argotic <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><w>xiljatʼ</w></mentioned> (that entered the dictionaries of the
            criminal language, for example, by <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Tonkov</hi> and <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Trachtenberg</hi>) is not reflected neither by <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Dahl</hi> nor by <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Vasmer</hi>. Meanwhile, it is widespread (<bibl><title xml:lang="ru">Kul'tura reči
                [Speech culture]</title>
              <biblScope>II 170</biblScope></bibl>), especially in the imperative form <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><w>xiljaj!</w>
              <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">go!</q></gloss>, actually <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">crawl</q></gloss>!</mentioned>. It is expressive,
            like (in a different figurative key) <hi rendition="#rend_italic">topaj! katisʼ! [stomp!
              roll!]</hi> (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">stupaj! [step!]</hi> itself is originally
            expressive instead of <hi rendition="#rend_italic">idi! [go!]</hi>). Cf.: <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes"><s>Ty xiljaj pomalenʼku, a ja migom dogonju</s> [You
              falter little by little, and I will catch up in an instant]</q> (noted by <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">N. Unodikov</hi> from <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">E.
              P. Bebeshev</hi>, Abakan, Khakasia); <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><phr xml:lang="ru">Xiljaj na tancy [Crawl to the dance]</phr><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><author xml:lang="en">Koleganov</author>. <title xml:lang="en">Slovar' narodnyx slov
                    Penzenskoj oblasti [Dictionary of folk words of the Penza region]</title>.
                    <date>1961</date></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. I have often heard this verb in
            Moscow and Leningrad. It would be misleading to see in <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><w>xiljatʼ</w></mentioned> an iterative from <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><w>xilitʼ</w>
              <gloss><q>bend down</q> etc.</gloss></mentioned> (by analogy with <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><w>valitʼ</w> || <w>valjatʼ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><w>valitʼsja</w> || <w>valjatʼsja</w></mentioned>, etc.). This is prevented by the
            difference in voice: <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><w>xiljatʼ</w></mentioned> is a middle
            voice verb. </note> Consider also <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
            <w>xinxili</w>
            <gloss><q>wander</q></gloss></mentioned>. — Cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xīlag"><w>xīlag</w>
            <gloss><q>snake</q></gloss></ref>. — Relation to <ref type="xr" target="#entry_nyxīlyn"><w>nyxīlyn</w>
            <gloss><q>touch</q></gloss></ref> etc. is unclear (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИЭС_II"/>
            <biblScope>221</biblScope></bibl>). <lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/>
            <biblScope>26</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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