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      <titleStmt>
        <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">stavd</hi></title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
    Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
            <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
            <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
      </sourceDesc>
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        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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      <entry xml:id="entry_stavd" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
        <form xml:id="form_d1622e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>stavd</orth></form>
        <form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>(æ)stavd</orth></form>
        <sense>
          <sense xml:id="sense_d1622e69">
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>толстый</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>thick</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
          <sense>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>крупный</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>large</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
        </sense>
        <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> ант. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_lyst6æg9"><w>lystæg</w></ref>; ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bæzǵyn"><w>bæzǵyn</w>
            <q>толстый</q>, <q>густой</q></ref> (ант. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tæn"><w>tænæg</w></ref>),</note>
        <note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> ant. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_lyst6æg9"><w>lystæg</w></ref>; cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bæzǵyn"><w>bæzǵyn</w>
            <q>thick</q>, <q>dense</q></ref> (ant. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tæn"><w>tænæg</w></ref>),</note>
        <re>
          <form type="lemma"><orth>stavd</orth><form type="variant"><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">в косвенных падежах </note><note xml:lang="en" type="comment">in
                oblique cases </note><orth>stævd-</orth></form></form>
          <sense>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">толщина</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">thickness</q>
            </tr>
          </sense>
        </re>
        <exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>stavd</oRef> saw dywwæ ʒykkūjy zævætyl
              æncadysty</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">две толстые черные косы касались пят</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">two thick black braids touched his feet</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
              <biblScope>78</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">kærty dwar mīdægæj <oRef>stavd</oRef> qīlæj
              cæxgærmæ æxkæd væjjy</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ворота двора бывают изнутри закрыты поперек
                толстой жердью</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the gates of the yard are closed from the
                inside across with a thick pole</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Arsen"/>
              <biblScope>49</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Dareʒantæ <oRef>stavd</oRef> adæm
              wydysty</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Даредзановы были крупные люди</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">The Daredzanovs were big people</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
              <biblScope>I 60</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">læppū fat ærxasta: farast tyngdary jæ dærǧ
              wydī, īw ærtyndar je stavd wydī</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">юноша принес стрелу: девять саженей она была в
                длину, один аршин в толщину</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the young man brought an arrow: it was nine
                fathoms long, one yard thick</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
              <biblScope>II 83</biblScope></bibl>
            <note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="ru" type="footnote"> Меры длины
                <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>tyngdar</w></mentioned> и <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>ærtyndar</w></mentioned> встречаются только в данном тексте и, по объяснению
              сказителя, соответствуют сажени и аршину</note>
            <note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" type="footnote"> Measures
                <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>tyngdar</w></mentioned> and <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>ærtyndar</w></mentioned> are found only in this text and, according to the
              narrator's explanation, correspond to a fathom and a yard</note>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">conǵy <oRef>stævdæn</oRef> ʒykkū zæw-zæw
              kodta polmæ</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">коса толщиной в руку свисала до пола</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a scythe as thick as an arm hung down to the
                floor</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
              <biblScope>1962 VII 69</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">jæ saw ʒykkūtæ rætæny
              <oRef>stævdæn</oRef>...</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ее черные косы толщиной с канат</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">her black braids are as thick as a rope</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
              <biblScope>103</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mæcʼīsy <oRef>stævdæn</oRef>
              æng˳ylʒtæ</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">пальцы толщиной с рычаг</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">fingers as thick as a lever</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Нафи"/>
              <biblScope>305</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">stavd cæssygtæ byrydysty ænædast
              rūstyl</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">крупные слезы сползали по небритым щекам</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">big tears were sliding down his unshaven
                cheeks</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Нафи"/>
              <biblScope>123</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ḱyzg kæwy... cæssyg zǧæly <oRef>stavd</oRef>
              ærtaxæj</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">девушка плачет... слезы капают крупными
                каплями</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the girl is crying... tears are falling in
                large drops</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сл."/></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ǧæjwon kʼæncælarmæ bacudæj bærzond
                <oRef>stavd</oRef> kændditæ læg</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">в сельскую канцелярию вошел высокий, крупного
                сложения мужчина</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a tall, heavily built man entered the village
                office</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
              <biblScope>115</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Biʒix adtæj bæzærxug <oRef>stavdgomaw</oRef>
              læg</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Бидзих был коренастый, довольно крупный
                мужчина</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Bidzikh was a stocky, a rather large man</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
              <biblScope>118</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">bælasæ... zænxæbæl ku niccævon, wæd sogæn
              ægær listæg, ciraǧæn ba ægær æstavd, otæ ʽj rakænʒænæn</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">если я ударю дерево об землю, я его обращу (в
                щепы) слишком мелкие на дрова и слишком крупные для лучины</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">if I hit a tree on the ground, I will turn it
                (into chips) too small for firewood and too large for a splinter</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
              <biblScope>23</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
        </exampleGrp>
        <etym xml:lang="ru">Может восходить к <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">stāuta-</w>,
              <w type="rec">stāfta-</w> или <w type="rec">stāvda-</w></mentioned> (индоевропейская
          база <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">stā-</w></mentioned>). В последнем случае ср.
            <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <w>stabdha-</w>
            <gloss><q>твердый</q>, <q>крепкий</q></gloss>
            <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(от <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>stabh-</w>
                <gloss><q>крепить</q></gloss></mentioned>)</note></mentioned>. Далее: <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
            <w>staft</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xpr"><lang/>
            <w>ᵃstaft</w>
            <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(<w>ʽstft</w>: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Boyce"/>
                <biblScope>184</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yah"><lang/>
            <w>stůvd</w>
            <gloss><q>густой</q></gloss>, <w>stəvdag</w>
            <gloss><q>осадок</q>, <q>гуща (в супе)</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Эдельман._Язг."/>
                <biblScope>122</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
            <w>eṣṭavana-</w>
            <gloss><q>firm</q>
              <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOS"/>
                  <date>1940</date>
                  <biblScope>VIII 122</biblScope></bibl>)</note></gloss> , <gloss><q>твердый</q>,
                <q>крепкий</q>, <q>мощный</q>, <q>массивный</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
            <w>stavah-</w>
            <gloss><q>мощь</q>, <q>толщина</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
            <w>stʼvar</w>
            <gloss><q>толстый</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
            <w>stambùs</w>
            <gloss><q>грубый</q>, <q>большой и тяжелый</q></gloss></mentioned>; с формантом
            <c>-ra-</c>: <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
            <w>sitabr</w>
            <gloss><q>толстый</q>, <q>грубый</q>, <q>жесткий</q>,
          <q>твердый</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
            <w>stawra-</w>
            <gloss><q>твердый</q>, <q>крепкий</q></gloss></mentioned>. По корню сюда относится и
            <ref type="xr" target="#entry_styr" xml:lang="os"><lang>ос.</lang>
            <w xml:lang="os-x-iron">styr</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">stur</w>
            <q>большой</q></ref>, q. v. К осетинскому примыкает, по-видимому, <mentioned xml:lang="ce"><lang>чеч.</lang>
            <w>stomma</w>
            <gloss><q>толстый</q></gloss>, <w>stamdala</w>
            <gloss><q>толстеть</q></gloss></mentioned>.<lb/><bibl>Вс. <author>Миллер</author>. <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ">ОЭ</ref>
            <biblScope>III 168</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr.">Gr.</ref>
            <biblScope>30</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
            <biblScope>55</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Horn._Gr."/>
            <biblScope>158</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._KhT"/>
            <biblScope>VI 370</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
        <etym xml:lang="en">Could go back to <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">stāuta-</w>, <w type="rec">stāfta-</w> or <w type="rec">stāvda-</w></mentioned> (Indo-European stem
            <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">stā-</w></mentioned>). In the latter case cf.
            <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <w>stabdha-</w>
            <gloss><q>hard</q>, <q>strong</q></gloss>
            <note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(from <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>stabh-</w>
                <gloss><q>strengthen</q></gloss></mentioned>)</note></mentioned>. Further:
            <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
            <w>staft</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xpr"><lang/>
            <w>ᵃstaft</w>
            <note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(<w>ʽstft</w>: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Boyce"/>
                <biblScope>184</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yah"><lang/>
            <w>stůvd</w>
            <gloss><q>thick</q></gloss>, <w>stəvdag</w>
            <gloss><q>sediment</q>, <q>body of the soup</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Эдельман._Язг."/>
                <biblScope>122</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
            <w>eṣṭavana-</w>
            <gloss><q>firm</q>
              <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOS"/>
                  <date>1940</date>
                  <biblScope>VIII 122</biblScope></bibl>)</note></gloss> , <gloss><q>hard</q>,
                <q>firm</q>, <q>great</q>, <q>massive</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
            <w>stavah-</w>
            <gloss><q>might</q>, <q>thickness</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
            <w>stʼvar</w>
            <gloss><q>thick</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
            <w>stambùs</w>
            <gloss><q>tough</q>, <q>big and heavy</q></gloss></mentioned>; with the formant
            <c>-ra-</c>: <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
            <w>sitabr</w>
            <gloss><q>thick</q>, <q>tough</q>, <q>rough</q>, <q>hard</q></gloss></mentioned>,
            <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
            <w>stawra-</w>
            <gloss><q>hard</q>, <q>firm</q></gloss></mentioned>. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_styr" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
            <w xml:lang="os-x-iron">styr</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">stur</w>
            <q>big</q></ref> refers here by its root, q. v. <mentioned xml:lang="ce"><lang/>
            <w>stomma</w>
            <gloss><q>thick</q></gloss>, <w>stamdala</w>
            <gloss><q>thicken</q></gloss></mentioned> corresponds the Ossetic word.<lb/><bibl>Ws.
              <author>Miller</author>. <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ">OE</ref>
            <biblScope>III 168</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr.">Gr.</ref>
            <biblScope>30</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
            <biblScope>55</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Horn._Gr."/>
            <biblScope>158</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._KhT"/>
            <biblScope>VI 370</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
      </entry>
    </body>
  </text>
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