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            <titleStmt>
                <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">axsyn_1</hi></title>
            </titleStmt>
            <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
    Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
            <sourceDesc>
                <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
                        <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
                        <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
                        <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
            </sourceDesc>
        </fileDesc>
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    <tagsDecl>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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        <body>
            <entry xml:id="entry_axsyn_1" n="1" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="complete">
                <?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240124T131135+0300" comment="checked"?>
                <form xml:id="form_d2952e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>axsyn</orth>
                    <form xml:id="form_d2952e68" type="participle"><orth>axst</orth></form></form><?oxy_comment_end ?>
                <form xml:id="form_d2952e71" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>axæssun</orth>
                    <form xml:id="form_d2952e73" type="participle"><orth>axæsst</orth></form></form>
                <sense xml:id="sense_d2952e76">
                    <sense xml:id="sense_d2952e77">
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>ловить</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>to catch</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                    </sense>
                    <sense xml:id="sense_d2952e86">
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>захватывать</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>to grip</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                    </sense>
                    <sense xml:id="sense_d2952e95">
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>занимать</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>to occupy</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                    </sense>
                    <sense xml:id="sense_d2952e104">
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>арестовывать</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>to arrest</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                    </sense>
                </sense>
                <abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d2952e114">
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d2952e116">
                        <quote>myst zaǧta: <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Wædæ mæ gædy mawal
                                    <oRef>axsæd</oRef></q></quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>мышь сказала: <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Так пусть кошка меня
                                    больше не ловит</q></q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>the mouse said: <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">So may the cat not
                                    catch me anymore</q></q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОТ"/>
                            <biblScope>62</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d2952e135">
                        <quote><oRef>ærcaxsta</oRef>
                            <?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240124T125447+0300" comment="NB: можно ли bæxty &apos;gas?"?>bæxtæn
                            se ’gasæj<?oxy_comment_end ?> x˳yzdær</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>поймал лучшую из лошадей</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>he caught the best of the horses</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Munk."/>
                            <biblScope>20</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d2952e154">
                        <quote>bilet kæmæ næj, ūdon <oRef>axsgæ kænæm</oRef></quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>у кого нет билета, тех мы арестовываем</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>we arrest those who do not have a ticket</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
                            <biblScope>89</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d2952e173" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote>saw xalon nekæd <oRef>axæssuj</oRef> nard wærccæ</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>черная ворона никогда не поймает жирной перепелки</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>a black crow will never catch a fat quail</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Æduli"/>
                            <biblScope>72</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d2952e195" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote>taǧd alke æ bæx <oRef>axæssæd</oRef></quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>живо пусть каждый ловит своего коня</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>let everyone catch their horse quickly</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
                            <biblScope>2</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d2952e218" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote><oRef>axæssuncæ</oRef> tæxgæ cʼew</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>они ловят птицу на лету</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>they catch birds on the fly</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Bes."/>
                            <biblScope>60</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d2952e240" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote>ʒæbodurtæ cid sæ tækkæ siwtæj <oRef>nijjaxæssidæ</oRef></quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>горных туров он ловил за рога</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>he caught mountain goats by their horns</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Bes."/>
                            <biblScope>102</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d2952e262" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote>bæǧænvadæj næ budurti gælæbotæ <oRef>axæston</oRef></quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>босиком на наших равнинах я ловил бабочек</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>barefoot, I was catching butterflies on our plains</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Qazb."/>
                            <biblScope>31</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d2952e284" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote>wæxæn saǧæstæj <oRef>axæst</oRef> æj Tujǧani sær</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>такими думами занята голова Тугана</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>Tuyghan’s head is occupied with such thoughts</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Bes._Ka_ke"/>
                            <biblScope>53</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d2952e306" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote>gotoni kʼoxtæ <oRef>rajaxæsta</oRef></quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>он ухватился за поручни плуга</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>he grabbed the plough handles</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
                            <biblScope>1934 III—IV 83</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d2952e328">
                        <quote>x˳yssæg mæ <oRef>axsy</oRef></quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>мне хочется спать</q>
                            <note type="comment" xml:lang="ru"> (буквально „сон меня ловит“)</note>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>I want to sleep</q>
                            <note type="comment" xml:lang="en"> (literally <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">the sleep is catching
                                    me</q></gloss>)</note>
                        </abv:tr>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d2952e350">
                        <quote>æfsædtæ ’gas bydyr <oRef>bacaxstoj</oRef></quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>войска заняли всю равнину</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>troops occupied the whole plain</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                    </abv:example>
                </abv:exampleGrp>
                <etym xml:lang="ru">Начальное <mentioned xml:lang="os"><m>a-</m> —
                            <gloss>преверб</gloss></mentioned>. Более старую форму основы дает
                    дигорский: <w>xæss-</w>; ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_nyxsyn"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">nyxsyn</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">nixæssun</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xæssun" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
                        <w>xæssun</w>
                        <gloss><q>вязнуть</q></gloss></ref> и <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ræxsyn"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">ræxsyn</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">ræxæssun</w>
                        <gloss><q>плести обувь <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærḱʼī"><hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">арчи</hi></ref></q></gloss></ref>; <w>xæss-</w> (из <w type="rec">xæxs-</w>), в свою очередь, восходит, возможно, к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2952e447" xml:id="mentioned_d2952e376" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
                        <w type="rec">hag-s-</w></mentioned>, где <m>s</m> — инхоативный суффикс;
                    исходное значение корня <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">hag</w>
                        <note type="comment">(<mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w>seĝh</w>
                                <note type="bibl">по <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Walde—Pok."/>
                                        <biblScope>II
                            481</biblScope></bibl></note></mentioned>)</note>
                        <gloss><q>захватывать</q></gloss></mentioned>; ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2952e457" xml:id="mentioned_d2952e386" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
                        <w>sah-</w>, <w>sāhatḗ</w>
                        <gloss><q>побеждать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2952e465" xml:id="mentioned_d2952e394" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
                        <w>haz-</w>
                        <gloss><q>овладевать</q></gloss>,
                        <gloss><q>захватывать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2952e479" xml:id="mentioned_d2952e408" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
                        <w>ἔχω</w>
                        <gloss><q>держать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>владеть</q></gloss>,
                                <gloss><q>захватывать</q></gloss></mentioned>. Звуковое развитие
                    слова представляется в следующем виде: <w type="rec">āxag-s</w> → <w type="rec">ā-haxš</w> → <w>axæss-</w> → <w>axs-</w>; что иронский также прошел через
                    ступень <w>axæss-</w>, подтверждается с несомненностью словами <ref type="xr" target="#entry_axæst" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><lang/>
                        <w>axæst</w>
                        <gloss><q>арестант</q></gloss></ref> и <ref type="xr" target="#entry_axæst6d9on"><w>axæstdon</w>
                        <gloss><q>тюрьма</q></gloss></ref>. Семантически менее вероятна связь с <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xæssyn"><w>xæssyn</w>
                        <gloss><q>нести</q></gloss>
                        <note type="comment">(из <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">xarš-</w></mentioned>)</note></ref>.</etym>
                <etym xml:lang="en">The initial <mentioned xml:lang="os"><m>a-</m> is a
                            <gloss>preverb</gloss></mentioned>. An older form of the stem is
                    evidenced by Digor: <w>xæss-</w>; cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_nyxsyn"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">nyxsyn</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">nixæssun</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xæssun" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
                        <w>xæssun</w>
                        <gloss><q>to get stuck</q></gloss></ref> and <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ræxsyn"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">ræxsyn</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">ræxæssun</w>
                        <gloss><q>to weave <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærḱʼī"><foreign>archi</foreign></ref> shoes</q></gloss></ref>;
                        <w>xæss-</w> (from <w type="rec">xæxs-</w>), in its turn, probably goes back
                    to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2952e376" xml:id="mentioned_d2952e447" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
                        <w>*hag-s-</w></mentioned>, where <m>s</m> is an inchoative suffix; the
                    initial meaning of the root <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">hag</w>
                        <note type="comment">(<mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w>seĝh</w>
                                <note type="bibl">according to <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Walde—Pok."/>
                                        <biblScope>II
                            481</biblScope></bibl></note></mentioned>)</note> is <gloss><q>to take
                                hold of</q></gloss></mentioned>; cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2952e386" xml:id="mentioned_d2952e457" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
                        <w>sah-</w>, <w>sāhatḗ</w>
                        <gloss><q>to win</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2952e394" xml:id="mentioned_d2952e465" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
                        <w>haz-</w>
                        <gloss><q>to acquire</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>to grab</q></gloss></mentioned>,
                        <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2952e408" xml:id="mentioned_d2952e479" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
                        <w>ἔχω</w>
                        <gloss><q>to hold</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>to possess</q></gloss>,
                                <gloss><q>to get hold of</q></gloss></mentioned>. The phonetic
                    development of the word seems to have had the following form: <w type="rec">āxag-s</w> → <w type="rec">ā-haxš</w> → <w>axæss-</w> → <w>axs-</w>; that
                    the Iron dialect has also passed through the step <hi rendition="#rend_italic">axæss-</hi> is confirmed with certainty by the <ref type="xr" target="#entry_axæst" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><lang/> words <w>axæst</w>
                        <gloss><q>prisoner</q></gloss></ref> and <ref type="xr" target="#entry_axæst6d9on"><w>axæstdon</w>
                        <gloss><q>prison</q></gloss></ref>. A connection to <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xæssyn"><w>xæssyn</w>
                        <gloss><q>to carry</q></gloss>
                        <note type="comment">(from <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">xarš-</w></mentioned>)</note></ref> is semantically less
                    likely.</etym>
            </entry>
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