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      <titleStmt>
        <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">xærdgæ</hi></title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
    Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
            <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
            <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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      <entry xml:id="entry_xærdgæ" xml:lang="os-x-iron" abv:completeness="incomplete">
        <?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20231025T204232+0300" comment="Russian checked"?>
        <form xml:id="form_d1558e66" type="lemma"><orth>xærdgæ</orth></form><?oxy_comment_end ?>
        <usg><lang/></usg>
        <sense>
          <sense xml:id="sense_d1558e69">
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>канитель</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>thin metallic thread used for jewelry</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
          <sense>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>золотые и серебряные нити для вышивания</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>golden and silver thread for emroidery</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
        </sense>
        <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zærīndag"/></note>
        <note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zærīndag"/></note>
        <re>
          <form type="lemma"><orth>xærdgæ x˳yd</orth></form>
          <sense>
            <sense>
              <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
                <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">вышивание канителью</q>
              </tr>
              <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
                <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">embroidery with metal thread</q>
              </tr>
            </sense>
            <sense>
              <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                <q>вышитое канителью</q>
              </abv:tr>
              <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                <q>embroided with metal thread</q>
              </abv:tr>
            </sense>
          </sense>
        </re>
        <re>
          <form type="lemma"><orth>xærdgæ byd</orth></form>
          <sense>
            <sense>
              <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
                <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">тесьма из канители</q>
              </tr>
              <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
                <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ribbon made of metal thread</q>
              </tr>
            </sense>
            <sense>
              <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                <q>галун</q>
              </abv:tr>
              <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                <q>galloon</q>
              </abv:tr>
            </sense>
          </sense>
        </re>
        <re>
          <form type="lemma"><orth>xærdgæ bos</orth></form>
          <sense>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">шнур из канители</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">cord of metal thread</q>
            </tr>
          </sense>
        </re>
        <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">. Канителью расшивали как женскую, так и мужскую одежду и
          обувь. Вышиванье канителью было важной отраслью женского рукоделия, и искусницы в этом
          деле высоко ценились. </note>
        <note xml:lang="en" type="comment">. Metal thread was used for embroidery both with women’s
          and men’s clothing and shoes. Metal thread embroidery was an important area of women’s
          handicraft, and professionals in this area were highly valued. </note>
        <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(О терминологии этого рукоделия см.: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
            <date>1971</date>
            <biblScope>VI 78—80</biblScope></bibl>)</note>
        <note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(On the etymology of this handicraft see: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
            <date>1971</date>
            <biblScope>VI 78—80</biblScope></bibl>)</note>
        <exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>xærdgæjæ</oRef> dæsny</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">искусный в вышивании канителью</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">skillful in metal embroidery</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
              <biblScope>57</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">…wæd dæ <oRef/> x˳yd, wæd dæ aly
              ’ǧdaw</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">…твое искусство вышивания, все твои манеры</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">…your art of embroidery, all your manners</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
              <biblScope>19</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">…aly ræsuǧd ʒawma, aly <oRef/> bæstæ</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">…всякая красивая одежда, всякие шнуры из
                канители</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">…all kinds of beautiful clothes, various cords
                of metal thread</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
              <biblScope>68</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Gatʼi raxasta <oRef>xærdgæjæ</oRef> aræzt
              ʒabyrtæ</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Гати вынесла расшитые канителью чувяки</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Gari brought out shoes embroided with metal
                thread</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Arsen"/>
              <biblScope>37</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">fælmæn særak syrx zængæjttæ <oRef>xærdgæ
                x˳ydtæ</oRef></quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ноговицы из мягкого красного сафьяна вышиты
                канителью</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">gaiters of soft red morocco leather are
                embroided with metal thread</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Хар._Кадӕг"/>
              <biblScope>9</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æxsævy mæjrūxs wyd bony x˳yzæn…; Alazany don
                <oRef>xærdgæ  bydaw</oRef> jæxī ajvæzta komy</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">лунная ночь была как день; река Алазань
                протянулась но ущелью, как серебряный галун</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the moonlit night was like a day; the Alazan
                river stretched over the ravine like a silver galloon</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
              <biblScope>96</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
        </exampleGrp>
        <etym xml:lang="ru">Неотделимо от <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
              <w>karga</w>
              <gloss><q>станочек для вышивания</q>, <q>пяльцы</q></gloss></mentioned>; отсюда
            глагольные образования: <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><w>kargva</w>
              <gloss><q>вышивать</q></gloss>
              <note type="comment">(в частности золотом, <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><w>okromkʼedit</w></mentioned>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="ka"><w>kargavs</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><w>mokargavs</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><w>ukargavs</w></mentioned>
              <gloss><q>вышивает</q></gloss></mentioned>
            <note type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Груз._сл."/>
                <biblScope>VII 260, V 997, VI 1640</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. В
          хевсурском диалекте грузинского языка вместо <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><w>kargva</w></mentioned> находим <mentioned xml:lang="ka-x-khevsur"><w>kardva</w>
            <note type="comment">(<bibl><author>Бардавелидзе</author> и <author>Читая</author>.
                  <title>Хевсурский орнамент [на груз. яз.]</title>. <pubPlace>Тбилиси</pubPlace>,
                  <date>1939</date>, <biblScope>стр. 29</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>.
            <mentioned xml:lang="os"><lang>Ос.</lang>
            <w>xærdgæ</w></mentioned> представляет как бы контаминацию двух <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="ka"><lang>грузинских</lang> форм: <w>karga</w></mentioned> и <mentioned xml:lang="ka-x-khevsur"><w>kardva</w></mentioned></mentioned>. <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><lang>Груз.</lang>
            <w>karga</w></mentioned>, в свою очередь, связано с <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
              <w>kargāh</w>
              <gloss><q>станок</q></gloss></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="fa"><w>kar</w>
              <gloss><q>работа</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><w>gāh</w>
              <gloss><q>место</q></gloss></mentioned>)</mentioned>. — Осетинская форма <oRef/> была
          усвоена в мохевский диалект грузинского языка в виде <mentioned xml:lang="ka-x-mokhev"><w>xardga</w>
            <gloss><q>вышивка канителью на платье</q></gloss>
            <note type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Макалатия"/>
                <biblScope>146, 149, 151</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>.</etym>
        <etym xml:lang="en">Inseparable from <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
              <w>karga</w>
              <gloss><q>machine for embroidery</q>, <q>embroidery hoop</q></gloss></mentioned>;
            hence verbal derivates: <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><w>kargva</w>
              <gloss><q>embroid</q></gloss>
              <note type="comment">(specifically, with gold, <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><w>okromkʼedit</w></mentioned>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="ka"><w>kargavs</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><w>mokargavs</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><w>ukargavs</w></mentioned>
              <gloss><q>embroids</q></gloss></mentioned>
            <note type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Груз._сл."/>
                <biblScope>VII 260, V 997, VI 1640</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. In the
          Khevsur dialect of Georgian instead of <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><w>kargva</w></mentioned>
          we find <mentioned xml:lang="ka-x-khevsur"><w>kardva</w>
            <note type="comment">(<bibl><author>Bardavelidze</author> and <author>Čitaja</author>.
                  <title>The Khevsur ornament</title>. In Georgian. <pubPlace>Tbilisi</pubPlace>,
                  <date>1939</date>, <biblScope>p. 29</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>.
          Ossetic <oRef>xærdgæ</oRef> looks like a contamination of two <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="ka"><lang/> forms: <w>karga</w></mentioned> and <mentioned xml:lang="ka-x-khevsur"><w>kardva</w></mentioned></mentioned>. <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
            <w>karga</w></mentioned>, in its turn, is connected to <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
              <w>kargāh</w>
              <gloss><q>machine</q></gloss></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="fa"><w>kar</w>
              <gloss><q>work</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><w>gāh</w>
              <gloss><q>place</q></gloss></mentioned>)</mentioned>. — The Ossetic form <oRef/> was
          borrowed into the Mokhevian dialect of Georgian in the form <mentioned xml:lang="ka-x-mokhev"><w>xardga</w>
            <gloss><q>metal thread embroidery on a dress</q></gloss>
            <note type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Макалатия"/>
                <biblScope>146, 149, 151</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>.</etym>
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