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      <titleStmt>
        <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">qazwat</hi></title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
        Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
          <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
          <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
      </sourceDesc>
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        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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      <entry xml:id="entry_qazwat" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
        <form xml:id="form_d5483e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>qazwat</orth></form>
        <form xml:id="form_d5483e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>qazawat</orth></form>
        <sense xml:id="sense_d5483e72"><sense xml:id="sense_d5483e73"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>яростный бой</q>
            </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>fierce battle</q>
            </abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d5483e82"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>натиск</q>
            </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>onslaught</q>
            </abv:tr></sense></sense>
        <re xml:id="re_d5483e92">
          <form xml:id="form_d5483e94" type="lemma"><orth>qazwatæj cæwyn</orth></form>
          <sense xml:id="sense_d5483e97"><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">идти в яростный бой, пренебрегая жизнью</q>
            </tr><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">go into a fierce battle, neglecting life</q>
            </tr></sense>
        </re>
        <exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d5483e110">
          <example xml:id="example_d5483e112">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Tuǧan gænaxy dwar fegom kodta, jæ raxīz kʼūxy
              kard ælvæstæj, jæ galīw kʼūxy topp ærǧævdæj qazwat racyd</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Туган открыл ворота крепости, с обнаженной
                шашкой в правой руке, (имея) ружье с взведенным курком в левой руке, он пошел на
                смертный бой</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Tugan opened the gates of the fortress, with a
                naked saber in his right hand, (having) a gun with a cocked trigger in his left
                hand, he went into mortal combat</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
              <biblScope>101</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d5483e135" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ka si skodta qazawati imisunmæ
              cirtʒævæn?</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">кто из них в бою воздвиг себе достойный
                памятник?</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">which of them erected a worthy monument to
                himself in battle?</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Æduli"/>
              <biblScope>73</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d5483e161" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">kæd razæj cæf wa, wæd qazawati mard
              fæcæj</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">если он ранен спереди, то (это значит, что) он
                погиб в геройском бою"</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">if he is wounded from the front, then (it means
                that) he died in a heroic battle</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
              <biblScope>II 18</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
        </exampleGrp>
        <etym xml:lang="ru">Из <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5483e219" xml:id="mentioned_d5483e191" xml:lang="ar"><lang/>
            <w>ǧazwa</w>, мн. ч. <w>ǧazawāt</w>
            <gloss><q>поход на неверных</q>, <q>газават</q></gloss></mentioned>. В осетинский вошло,
          вероятно, не непосредственно из арабского, а от соседей мусульман; ср., например,
            <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5483e231" xml:id="mentioned_d5483e203" xml:lang="av"><lang/>
            <w>ǧazavat</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5483e236" xml:id="mentioned_d5483e208" xml:lang="kbd"><lang/>
            <w>qazäwat</w>
            <gloss><q>война против неверных</q></gloss></mentioned>. Смещение значения объясняется
          тем, что религиозный смысл не имел почвы у осетин-христиан.</etym>
        <etym xml:lang="en">From <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5483e191" xml:id="mentioned_d5483e219" xml:lang="ar"><lang/>
            <w>ǧazwa</w>, plural form <w>ǧazawāt</w>
            <gloss><q>a campaign against the infidels</q>, <q>jihad</q></gloss></mentioned>. It
          probably entered Ossetic not directly from Arabic, but from Muslim neighbors; cf., for
          example, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5483e203" xml:id="mentioned_d5483e231" xml:lang="av"><lang/>
            <w>ǧazavat</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5483e208" xml:id="mentioned_d5483e236" xml:lang="kbd"><lang/>
            <w>qazäwat</w>
            <gloss><q>the war against the infidels</q></gloss></mentioned>. The shift in meaning is
          explained by the fact that the religious meaning had no basis among Ossetic
          Christians.</etym>
      </entry>
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