<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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      <titleStmt>
        <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">zian</hi></title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
        Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
          <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
          <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
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        <rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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    <body>
      <entry xml:id="entry_zian" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
        <form xml:id="form_d5298e66" type="lemma"><orth>zian</orth></form>
        <sense>
          <sense xml:id="sense_d5298e69">
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>убыток</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>loss</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
          <sense>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>вред</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>harm</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
          <sense>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>ущерб</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>damage</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
        </sense>
        <exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>zian</oRef> æmæ pajda —
              ævsymærtæ</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">убыток и барыш — родные братья</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">loss and profit are brothers</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
              <biblScope>III 233</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Taǵi jæ mæstytæ, jæ <oRef>ziantæ</oRef> ferox
              kodta</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Таджи забыл свои огорчения, свои потери</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Taji forgot his sorrows, his losses</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
              <biblScope>26</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ūcy lægæn īw <oRef>zian</oRef> k˳y
              skænin</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">как бы мне сделать какой-нибудь вред этому
                человеку</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><?oxy_comment_start author="irina" timestamp="20230717T143133+0300" comment="??"?>I
                wish I could do some harm to this person<?oxy_comment_end ?></q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
              <biblScope>I 84</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">су pajda ū adæjmagæn, ægas dune jæxī k˳y
              bakæna, fælæ jæ ūdæn <oRef>zian</oRef> k˳y ʽskæna?</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">какая польза человеку, если он приобретет весь
                мир, а душе своей повредит?</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">for what is a man profited, if he shall gain
                the whole world, and lose his own soul?</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Матфей"/>
              <biblScope><hi rendition="#rend_italic">16</hi> 26</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">i nostæ ænæ <oRef>zian</oRef>, ænæ fidbiliz
              fæjjervaztæj</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">невестка спаслась невредимой и без беды</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the daughter-in-law escaped unharmed and
                without trouble</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
              <biblScope>II 121</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">næ kʼabuskʼa nin zolkʼæ <oRef>iszian</oRef>
              kodta</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">червь повредил нашей капусте</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a worm damaged our cabbage</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_AK"/>
              <biblScope>III 6</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Asægojæn <oRef>zian</oRef> simbaldæj</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">с Асаго случилась беда</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Asægo got in trouble</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/>
              <biblScope>13<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">1</hi></biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
        </exampleGrp>
        <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; эвфемистически употребляется в значении <q>умерший</q>,
            <q>покойник</q></note>
        <note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; used euphemistically to mean <q>dead</q>,
            <q>deceased</q></note>
        <re>
          <form type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>zianǵyn</orth></form>
          <form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>ziangun</orth></form>
          <sense>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">понесший ущерб</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">damaged</q>
            </tr>
            <?oxy_comment_start author="irina" timestamp="20230508T120052+0300" comment="просто note?" id="sqt_plm_byb"?>
            <?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20230710T004824+0300" parentID="sqt_plm_byb" comment="хм, по идее это тоже значение, но непонятно, как его передать в структуре" mid="2"?>
            <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">→ <q>потерявший близкого</q></note>
            <note xml:lang="en" type="comment">→ <q>who lost a loved
            one</q></note><?oxy_comment_end ?><?oxy_comment_end mid="2"?>
          </sense>
        </re>
        <etym xml:lang="ru">Персидское слово, восходящее к <mentioned xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
            <w>zyāna-</w>
            <gloss><q>вред</q></gloss></mentioned>, от корня <mentioned xml:lang="x-oldirn"><w>zyā-</w>
            <gloss><q>вредить</q></gloss></mentioned>. Частью непосредственно, частью через тюркское
          посредство вошло во многие языки, в том числе и в русский: <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
            <w>ziyān</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
            <w>zyān</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
            <w>ziyan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
            <w>zean</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
            <w>ziani</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lez"><lang/>
            <w>ziyan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="dar"><lang/>
            <w>zen</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="av"><lang/>
            <w>ziyan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lbe"><lang/>
            <w>ziyā</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ce"><lang/>
            <w>zie(n)</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
            <w>изъян</w></mentioned>. Осетинское слово нельзя считать оригинальным, так как было бы
            <w type="rec">zion</w>. Но тот же корень имеем, по-видимому, в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zyn"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">zyn</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">zin</w>
            <q>трудный</q></ref>. Об <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
            <w>zyāna-</w></mentioned> см.: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hoffmann._Aufsätze"/>
            <biblScope>II 513 sq.</biblScope></bibl> — <bibl><author>Szеmerényi</author>,
              <title>Mélanges Chantraine</title>, <pubPlace>Paris</pubPlace>, <date>1972</date>,
              <biblScope>стр. 247</biblScope></bibl>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
            <biblScope>124</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Arm._Gr.">Arm. Gr.</ref>
            <biblScope>150</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
            <biblScope>II 107</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr.">Gr.</ref>
            <biblScope>9</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
            <biblScope>93–94</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
        <etym xml:lang="en">A Persian word, which goes back to <mentioned xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
            <w>zyāna-</w>
            <gloss><q>harm</q></gloss></mentioned>, from the root <mentioned xml:lang="x-oldirn"><w>zyā-</w>
            <gloss><q>harm (v.)</q></gloss></mentioned>. Partly directly, partly through Turkic
          languages, it entered many languages, including Russian: <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
            <w>ziyān</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
            <w>zyān</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
            <w>ziyan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
            <w>zean</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
            <w>ziani</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lez"><lang/>
            <w>ziyan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="dar"><lang/>
            <w>zen</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="av"><lang/>
            <w>ziyan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lbe"><lang/>
            <w>ziyā</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ce"><lang/>
            <w>zie(n)</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
            <w>izʺjan</w></mentioned>. The Ossetic word cannot be considered original, as it would
          have looked like <w type="rec">zion</w>. But we have the same root, apparently, in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zyn"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">zyn</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">zin</w>
            <q>difficult</q></ref>. On <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
            <w>zyāna-</w></mentioned> see: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hoffmann._Aufsätze"/>
            <biblScope>II 513 sq.</biblScope></bibl> — <bibl><author>Szеmerényi</author>,
              <title>Mélanges Chantraine</title>, <pubPlace>Paris</pubPlace>, <date>1972</date>,
              <biblScope>p. 247</biblScope></bibl>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
            <biblScope>124</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Arm._Gr.">Arm. Gr.</ref>
            <biblScope>150</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
            <biblScope>II 107</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr.">Gr.</ref>
            <biblScope>9</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
            <biblScope>93–94</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
      </entry>
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