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      <titleStmt>
        <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">swadon</hi></title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
    Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
            <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
            <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
      </sourceDesc>
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        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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      <entry xml:id="entry_swadon" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
        <form xml:id="form_d2902e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>swadon</orth></form>
        <form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>sawædon(æ)</orth></form>
        <sense>
          <sense xml:id="sense_d2902e69">
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>источник</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>source</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
          <sense>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>родник</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>spring</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
          <sense>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>ключ</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>well</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
          <sense>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>ручей</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>brook</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
        </sense>
        <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">. Родники пользовались в прошлом почитанием; с некоторыми
          родниками были связаны легенды. Существовал обычай посвящать родник покойнику; роднику
          присваивалось его имя</note>
        <note xml:lang="en" type="comment">. Springs were revered in the past; legends were
          associated with some springs. There was a custom to dedicate a spring to the deceased; the
          spring was given his name</note>
        <exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">donʒaw ḱyzǵytæ sæ gogontīmæ
                <oRef>swadonmæ</oRef> fæcæjcydysty</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">девушки-водоноски со своими <ref type="xr" target="#entry_gogon">гогонами</ref> направлялись к роднику</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the water-carrying girls with their <ref type="xr" target="#entry_gogon">gogons</ref> were heading to the spring</q>
            </tr>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">saw <oRef>swadættæ</oRef> xælxælgængæ
              denǵyzmæ tynʒync</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">черные ручьи с шумом спешат к морю</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">black streams rush noisily to the sea</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
              <biblScope>21</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>swadony</oRef> donaw syǧdæg dæ</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ты чиста, как ключевая вода</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">you are as pure as spring water</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
              <biblScope>1967 II 39</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Batraz cʼītījy ‘rdæg ratydta æmæ jæ jæ særyl
              cæværdta; ...jæ særæn jæ dywwæ fæjnæ farsæj <oRef>swadætty</oRef> x˳yzæn don
              taǧdīs</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Батраз оторвал половину глетчера и положил ее
                себе на голову; с головы его с двух сторон вода текла ручьями</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Batraz tore off half of the glacier and put it
                on his head; water flowed from his head on both sides in streams</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
              <biblScope>I 26, 28</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Zauri <oRef>sawædonæ</oRef>... arf komi
              narægi kæmidær ræsogæj igurdæj zænxi bunæj, ʒæbæx særsær kodta æ guræni; ...bonigon
                <oRef>sawædonæn</oRef> æ sursur, æ zard otæ ʒæbæx næ feǧusuj, ...æxsævæ ba... æ
              zællang sursur in idardmæ fæxxæssuj sabur aquz</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Зауровский источник прозрачным рождался где-то
                в глубине тесного ущелья из-под земли, он приятно журчал у истока (<q>рождения</q>);
                днем журчание, пение родника было не так хорошо слышно, но ночью его звонкое
                журчанье далеко разносил тихий ветерок</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">The Zaurovsky spring was born transparent
                somewhere in the depths of a narrow gorge from under the ground, it murmured
                pleasantly at its beginig part (<q>birth</q>); during the day, the murmur, the
                singing of the spring was not so well heard, but at night its sonorous murmur was
                carried far by a quiet breeze</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
              <biblScope>1956 VII 52, 56</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">i ǧæwgoni zurzurgængæ kæmi leʒuj
                <oRef>sawædon</oRef>, æristadæncæ donʒawtæ æd kʼusteltæ sæwmigon</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">на околице, где журча бежит родник, утром
                остановились водоноски с кадушками</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">on the outskirts, where the spring runs
                murmuring, water carriers with tubs stopped in the morning</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
              <biblScope>46</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">xonxæj... ǧæwærdæmæ, xormæ ærttevæntægængæ
              wadæj sawædon</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">с горы в сторону аула, сверкая на солнце, бежал
                родник</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a spring ran from the mountain towards the
                village, sparkling in the sun</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
              <biblScope>125</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Wazaj bunæj togi sawædonæ cæwun ku bajdaja,
              wæd min ew mæ mælæt omæj bazonetæ</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">когда из-под (горы) Уаза потечет кровавый
                родник, то по этому (признаку) вы узнаете о моей смерти</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">when a bloody spring flows from under (the
                mountain) of the Uaz, then by this (sign) you will know about my death</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/>
              <biblScope>10<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">1—2</hi></biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">duwwæ xonxi kæmi toxuncæ, omi ci sawædonæ es,
              omæj sin ærxasta, ba-sin-niwazun kodta, ma duwwæ zærondi, ficcag sæ læqwæni kud
              adtæncæ, otæ festadæncæ</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">из родника, который находится там, где
                сталкиваются две горы, он принес им (воды), напоил их, и двое старых (старик и
                старуха) вновь стали такими, какими были прежде в юности</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">from the spring, which is located where two
                mountains collide, he brought them (water), watered them, and the two old ones (the
                old man and the old woman) became the same again as they were before in their
                youth</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/>
              <biblScope>15<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">2—4</hi></biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
        </exampleGrp>
        <etym xml:lang="ru"><bibl>Вс. <author>Миллер</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ">ОЭ</ref>
            <biblScope>I 121</biblScope>)</bibl> полагал, что <oRef>swadon</oRef> = <ref type="xr" target="#entry_saw"/>-<ref type="xr" target="#entry_don_1"><w>don</w></ref>
          <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">черная вода</q>. Такой анализ как будто подтверждается
          сочетанием <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr><ref type="xr" target="#entry_saw"/>
              <oRef>swadættæ</oRef></phr>
            <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">черные родники</q></gloss></mentioned>, которое
          встречается у классика осетинской прозы <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/></bibl>
          (см. выше), а также тюркским <mentioned xml:lang="trk"><phr><w>qara</w>
              <w>su</w></phr>
            <gloss><q>родник</q><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">, буквально <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">черная вода</q></note></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Радлов"/>
                <biblScope>II 133</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>.<note xml:lang="ru" type="footnote">Поводом к такому наименованию послужило, видимо, то, что сквозь
            прозрачную воду видно темное дно и родник на более светлом окружающем фоне кажется
            черной лентой.</note> Тем не менее от такого толкования приходится отказаться. Слово
            <ref type="xr" target="#entry_saw"><w>saw</w>
            <q>черный</q></ref> участвует в качестве первого компонента во множестве сложных слов —
          и ни в одном случае оно не принимает форму <w>swa</w> в иронском и <w>sawæ</w> в
          дигорском: <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>sawbon</w>, <w>sawcæst</w></mentioned>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sawdar6æg9"><w>sawdar</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sawgænd"/>, <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>Sawk˳yʒ</w></mentioned>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sawmær"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sawxīl"/> и др. К тому
          же <oRef>swadon</oRef> | <oRef>sawædon</oRef> нельзя отделять от <ref type="xr" target="#entry_swar"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">-swar</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">sawær</w>
            <q>минеральный источник</q></ref>, где уж никак нельзя распознать <ref type="xr" target="#entry_saw"><w>saw</w>
            <q>черный</q></ref>. Мы рассматриваем <oRef>swadon</oRef> | <oRef>sawædon</oRef> как
          скифо-европейскую изоглоссу и возводим закономерно к
            <?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230116T143103+0300" comment="иран?"?><mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">srāwa-dānu-</w> (<w type="rec">strāwa-dānu-</w>)
                <gloss><q>текущая вода</q></gloss></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?> (<c>sr</c> и
            <c>str</c> одинаково дают <mentioned xml:lang="os"><lang/>
            <c>s</c></mentioned>) из <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">sreu-</w>
            <gloss><q>течь</q></gloss></mentioned> с сохранением ареального европейского <c>s</c> (=
            <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
            <c>h</c></mentioned>). Об ареальных скифо-европейских схождениях в фонетике см.:
              <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СЕИ"/>
            <biblScope>33—52</biblScope></bibl>. — Ср. <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <w>srav-</w>, <w>sravati</w>
            <gloss><q>течь</q></gloss>, <w>srāva-</w>
            <gloss><q>течение</q>, <q>истечение</q></gloss>, <w>sravat-</w>
            <gloss><q>река</q></gloss>, <w>srotas-</w>
            <gloss><q>течение</q>, <q>русло</q>, <q>река</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
            <w>struja</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
            <w>струя</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang>лит.</lang>
            <w>sravė́ti</w>
            <gloss><q>течь</q>, <q>струиться</q>, <q>сочиться</q></gloss>, <w>sravà</w>
            <gloss><q>течение</q>, <q>истечение</q></gloss>, <w>sraũtas</w>
            <gloss><q>поток</q>, <q>ручей</q></gloss>, <w>srovė̃</w>
            <gloss><q>поток</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lv"><lang/>
            <w>stràva</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="non"><lang/>
            <w>straumr</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
            <w>Strom</w>
            <gloss><q>поток</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="txh"><lang/>
            <w>Στρυμών</w>
            <gloss>название реки</gloss>, <w>Στραυος</w>, <w>Τραυος</w> id. <note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Detschew</author>. <title>Die thrakischen Sprachreste</title>.
                  <pubPlace>Wien</pubPlace>, <date>1957</date>, <biblScope>стр. 483—485,
                  521</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ga"><lang/>
            <w>sruaim</w>
            <gloss><q>река</q>, <q>поток</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
            <w>ῤέω</w>
            <gloss><q>течь</q>, <q>литься</q>, <q>струиться</q></gloss>, <w>ῤέος</w>
            <gloss><q>поток</q></gloss></mentioned>. На иранской почве: <mentioned xml:lang="peo"><lang/>
            <w>rautah-</w>
            <gloss><q>река</q></gloss></mentioned> (← <w type="rec">hrautah</w> ← <w type="rec">srautas-</w> = <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <w>srotas-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
            <w>sraũtas</w></mentioned>). — Для второй части см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_don_1"><w>don</w>
            <q>вода</q>, <q>река</q></ref>. Ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_swar"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">-swar</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">sawær</w></ref>
            (<?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230116T145132+0300" comment="какой язык?"?><w type="rec">srāvara-</w><?oxy_comment_end ?>). — Из осетинского идут <mentioned xml:lang="ce" extralang="inh"><lang/>
            <w>šovda</w>
            <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(мн. ч. <w>šovdanaš</w>)</note>
            <gloss><q>родник</q>, <q>родниковая вода</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><lang/>
            <w>šawdan</w>
            <gloss><q>родник</q></gloss>, <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(в топонимии)</note>
            <w>Šawdanla</w>, <w>Raxaj Šawdan</w>, <w>Šoxaj Šawdan</w>, <w>Qajsən Šawdanə</w> и др.
              <note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Коков</author>, <author>Шахмурзаев</author>.
                  <title>Балк. топоним. сл.</title>
                <pubPlace>Нальчик</pubPlace>, <date>1970</date>, <biblScope>стр. 73,
                418</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>.</etym>
        <etym xml:lang="en"><bibl>Ws. <author>Miller</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ">OE</ref>
            <biblScope>I 121</biblScope>)</bibl> assumed that <oRef>swadon</oRef> = <ref type="xr" target="#entry_saw"/>-<ref type="xr" target="#entry_don_1"><w>don</w></ref>
          <q rendition="#rend_singlequotes">black water</q>. Such an analysis seems to be confirmed
          by a combination of <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr><ref type="xr" target="#entry_saw"/>
              <oRef>swadættæ</oRef></phr>
            <gloss><q rendition="#rend_singlequotes">black springs</q></gloss></mentioned>, which is
          encountered in the works of the classic Ossetian prose writer <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/></bibl> (see above), and also by the Turkic <mentioned xml:lang="trk"><phr><w>qara</w>
              <w>su</w></phr>
            <gloss><q>spring</q><note xml:lang="en" type="comment">, literally <q rendition="#rend_singlequotes">black water</q></note></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Радлов"/>
                <biblScope>II 133</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>.<note type="footnote">The
            reason for this name was, apparently, the fact that a dark bottom can be seen through
            the transparent water and the spring looks like a black ribbon on a lighter surrounding
            background.</note> Nevertheless, such an interpretation has to be abandoned. The word
            <ref type="xr" target="#entry_saw"><w>saw</w>
            <q>black</q></ref> is attested as a first part in many compounds — and in no case does
          it take the form of <w>swa</w> in Iron and <w>sawæ</w> in Digor: <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>sawbon</w>, <w>sawcæst</w></mentioned>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sawdar6æg9"><w>sawdar</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sawgænd"/>, <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>Sawk˳yʒ</w></mentioned>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sawmær"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sawxīl"/> etc. Moreover, <oRef>swadon</oRef> |
            <oRef>sawædon</oRef> cannot be separated from <ref type="xr" target="#entry_swar"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">-swar</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">sawær</w>
            <q>mineral spring</q></ref>, where it is absolutely impossible to see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_saw"><w>saw</w>
            <q>black</q></ref>. We consider <oRef>swadon</oRef> | <oRef>sawædon</oRef> to be a
          Scythian-European isogloss, and regularly trace it back to
            <?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230116T143103+0300" comment="иран?"?><mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">srāwa-dānu-</w> (<w type="rec">strāwa-dānu-</w>)
                <gloss><q>running water</q></gloss></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?> (<c>sr</c> and
            <c>str</c> equally give <mentioned xml:lang="os"><lang/>
            <c>s</c></mentioned>) from <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">sreu-</w>
            <gloss><q>flow</q></gloss></mentioned> conserving the areal European <c>s</c> (=
            <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
            <c>h</c></mentioned>). For the areal Scythian-European similarities in phonetics, see:
              <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СЕИ"/>
            <biblScope>33—52</biblScope></bibl>. — Cf. <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <w>srav-</w>, <w>sravati</w>
            <gloss><q>flow</q></gloss>, <w>srāva-</w>
            <gloss><q>stream</q>, <q>outflow</q></gloss>, <w>sravat-</w>
            <gloss><q>river</q></gloss>, <w>srotas-</w>
            <gloss><q>stream</q>, <q>streambed</q>, <q>river</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
            <w>struja</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
            <w>struja</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
            <w>sravė́ti</w>
            <gloss><q>flow</q>, <q>stream</q>, <q>drain</q></gloss>, <w>sravà</w>
            <gloss><q>stream</q>, <q>outflow</q></gloss>, <w>sraũtas</w>
            <gloss><q>flood</q>, <q>brook</q></gloss>, <w>srovė̃</w>
            <gloss><q>stream</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lv"><lang/>
            <w>stràva</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="non"><lang/>
            <w>straumr</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
            <w>Strom</w>
            <gloss><q>stream</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="txh"><lang/>
            <w>Στρυμών</w>
            <gloss>the name of a river</gloss>, <w>Στραυος</w>, <w>Τραυος</w> id. <note type="bibl">(<bibl><bibl xml:lang="en"><author>Detschew</author>. <title>Die thrakischen
                    Sprachreste</title>. <pubPlace>Wien</pubPlace>, <date>1957</date>, <biblScope>p.
                    483—485, 521</biblScope></bibl></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ga"><lang/>
            <w>sruaim</w>
            <gloss><q>river</q>, <q>stream</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
            <w>ῤέω</w>
            <gloss><q>flow</q>, <q>rain</q>, <q>stream</q></gloss>, <w>ῤέος</w>
            <gloss><q>stream</q></gloss></mentioned>. In Iranian languages: <mentioned xml:lang="peo"><lang/>
            <w>rautah-</w>
            <gloss><q>river</q></gloss></mentioned> (← <w type="rec">hrautah</w> ← <w type="rec">srautas-</w> = <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <w>srotas-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
            <w>sraũtas</w></mentioned>). — For the second part see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_don_1"><w>don</w>
            <q>water</q>, <q>river</q></ref>. Cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_swar"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">-swar</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">sawær</w></ref>
            (<?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230116T145132+0300" comment="какой язык?"?><w type="rec">srāvara-</w><?oxy_comment_end ?>). — The following words go from Ossetic:
            <mentioned xml:lang="ce" extralang="inh"><lang/>
            <w>šovda</w>
            <note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(plural <w>šovdanaš</w>)</note>
            <gloss><q>spring</q>, <q>spring water</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><lang/>
            <w>šawdan</w>
            <gloss><q>spring</q></gloss>, <note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(in toponymy)</note>
            <w>Šawdanla</w>, <w>Raxaj Šawdan</w>, <w>Šoxaj Šawdan</w>, <w>Qajsən Šawdanə</w> etc.
              <note type="bibl">(<bibl><bibl xml:lang="en"><author>Kokov</author>,
                    <author>Shakhmurzaev</author>. <title>Balkarskij toponimičeskij slovarʼ</title> [Balkar toponymic
                    dictionary]
                  <pubPlace>Nalchik</pubPlace>, <date>1970</date>, <biblScope>pp. 73,
                    418</biblScope></bibl></bibl>)</note></mentioned>.</etym>
      </entry>
    </body>
  </text>
</TEI>