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            <titleStmt>
                <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kærdæg</hi></title>
            </titleStmt>
            <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
    Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
            <sourceDesc>
                <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
                        <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
                        <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
                        <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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        <rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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            <entry xml:id="entry_kærdæg" xml:lang="os">
                <form xml:id="form_d1873e66" type="lemma"><orth>kærdæg</orth></form>
                <sense xml:id="sense_d1873e69"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                        <q>трава</q>
                    </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                        <q>grass</q>
                    </abv:tr></sense>
                <re xml:id="re_d1873e79">
                    <form xml:id="form_d1873e81" type="lemma"><orth>kærdægx˳yz</orth></form>
                    <sense xml:id="sense_d1873e84"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>зеленый</q>
                        </abv:tr><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru"> („цвета травы“)</note><note type="comment" xml:lang="en"> („of grass colour“)</note></sense>
                </re>
                <abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d1873e95">
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d1873e97">
                        <quote>gal ma næ fæxīzy axæm cʼæx kærdægyl!</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>волу ли не пастись на такой зеленой траве!</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>should the ox not graze on such green grass!</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>75</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                </abv:exampleGrp>
                <etym xml:lang="ru">Лексикализованное причастие от <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kærdyn"/> ‘косить’; буквально „косимое“. Образования на
                    <hi rendition="#rend_italic">-æg</hi> от глаголов имеют обычно значение <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">активных</hi> причастий: <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fyssæg</hi>
                    ‘пишущий’ (от <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fyssyn"/>), <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kūræg</hi> ‘просящий’ (от
                        <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kūryn"/>) и т. п. Однако в некоторых случаях
                    они получали медиальное или пассивное значение, например <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zaræg"/> ‘песня’, ‘то, что поется’, а не только ‘поющий’,
                    ‘тот, кто поет’; <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xūdæg"/> не только ‘смеющийся’,
                    но и ‘смешной’, и др. См. „О залоговой недифференцированности причастий“
                            (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>568
                            сл.</biblScope></bibl>). Такое употребление следует считать древним; ср.
                        <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1873e215" xml:id="mentioned_d1873e134" xml:lang="peo"><lang/>
                        <w>ba(n)daka-</w>
                        <gloss><q>раб</q></gloss></mentioned>, буквально ‘связанный’ (а не
                    ‘вяжущий’). — Для семантики ‘трава’ ← ‘косить’ ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1873e223" xml:id="mentioned_d1873e142" xml:lang="de"><lang/>
                        <w>Heu</w>
                        <gloss><q>сено</q></gloss></mentioned> от <hi rendition="#rend_italic">hauen</hi> (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">Gras hauen</hi> ‘косить
                    сено’); стало быть, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1873e231" xml:id="mentioned_d1873e150" xml:lang="de"><lang/>
                        <w>Heu</w></mentioned>, как осетинское <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kærdæg</hi>, означает собственно
                    „подлежащее кошению“ („das zu Hauende'': <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Kluge</hi> s.v.); ср. также <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1873e236" xml:id="mentioned_d1873e155" xml:lang="x-mordvin"><lang/>
                        <w>nar</w>
                        <gloss><q>трава</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1873e244" xml:id="mentioned_d1873e163" xml:lang="x-mordvin"><w>naran</w>
                        <gloss><q>стричь</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1873e251" xml:id="mentioned_d1873e170" xml:lang="x-mordvin"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>брить</q></gloss></mentioned>
                            (<bibl><biblScope>Ahlquist</biblScope></bibl>). — <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Kærdæǵy stʼaly</hi>
                    ‘планета Венера’ (вечерняя; ср. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Bonværnon</hi> ‘утренняя Венера’), буквально
                    „звезда травы“; ср. известное у других народов название Венеры „пастушеская
                    звезда“; названия эти связаны с древними представлениями о Венере как божестве
                    плодородия. — <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Kærdæǵy mæj</hi>, д. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kærdæg ævzuræn</hi> название апреля („месяц
                    появления травы“). — <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Kærdægxæssæn</hi> название праздника, „пятидесятница
                    цветоносная“. — Слово <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kærdæg</hi>, обычно с озвончением начального <hi rendition="#rend_italic">k</hi>, находим
                    в названиях многих трав: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bæxgærdæg"/> ‘конская
                    трава’, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">xæmpælgærdæg</hi> ‘бурьян’ (см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xæmpæl"/>),
                    <hi rendition="#rend_italic">cajgærdæg</hi> ‘чай’ (см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_caj"/>). См. также <ref type="xr" target="#entry_dygærdyg"/> ‘телка-двухлетка’, буквально „дважды
                        (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_dy-"/>) вышедшая на траву“ (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">gærdyg</hi> из
                    <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kærdæg</hi>). См. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kærdyn"/>.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>221б 568 сл.,
                            571</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
                <etym xml:lang="en">Lexicalized participle from <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kærdyn"/> ‘mow’; literally “that is being mowed”. Verb
                    derivatives ending with <hi rendition="#rend_italic">-æg</hi> usually have the meaning of <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">active</hi>
                    participles: <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fyssæg</hi> ‘one who is writing’ (from <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fyssyn"/>), <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kūræg</hi> ‘one who is asking’ (from <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kūryn"/>) etc. However, in some cases they received
                    medial or passive meaning, e.g. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zaræg"/> means
                    ‘song’, ‘that is being sung’, not only ‘one who is singing’; <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xūdæg"/> not only means ‘one who is laughing’, but also
                    ‘funny’, etc. See “About voice non-differentiation of participles” (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>568 сл.</biblScope></bibl>).
                    Such use should be considered as ancient; cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1873e134" xml:id="mentioned_d1873e215" xml:lang="peo"><lang/>
                        <w>ba(n)daka-</w>
                        <gloss><q>slave</q></gloss></mentioned>, literally ‘one who is tied up’ (not
                    ‘one, who is tying’). — For the semantic shift ‘grass’ ← ‘mow’ cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1873e142" xml:id="mentioned_d1873e223" xml:lang="de"><lang/>
                        <w>Heu</w>
                        <gloss><q>hay</q></gloss></mentioned> from <hi rendition="#rend_italic">hauen</hi> (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">Gras hauen</hi> ‘mow
                    hay’); thus, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1873e150" xml:id="mentioned_d1873e231" xml:lang="de"><lang/>
                        <w>Heu</w></mentioned>, as well as Ossetic <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kærdæg</hi>, means “thing that
                    should be mowed” proper („das zu Hauende'': <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Kluge</hi> s.v.); cf. also
                        <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1873e155" xml:id="mentioned_d1873e236" xml:lang="x-mordvin"><lang/>
                        <w>nar</w>
                        <gloss><q>grass</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1873e163" xml:id="mentioned_d1873e244" xml:lang="x-mordvin"><w>naran</w>
                        <gloss><q>cut</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1873e170" xml:id="mentioned_d1873e251" xml:lang="x-mordvin"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>shave</q></gloss></mentioned>
                            (<bibl><biblScope>Ahlquist</biblScope></bibl>). — <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Kærdæǵy stʼaly</hi>
                    ‘Venus (planet)’ (evening; cf. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Bonværnon</hi> ‘morning Venus’), literally “grass
                    star”; cf. the name of Venus “shepherd's star”, known among other peoples; these
                    names are associated with ancient representations of Venus as a deity of
                    fertility. — <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Kærdæǵy mæj</hi>, Digor <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kærdæg ævzuræn</hi> name of April (“month of
                    grass appearance”). — <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Kærdægxæssæn</hi> name of holiday, “floriferous Pentecost”.
                    — The word <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kærdæg</hi>, usually with the voicing of the initial <hi rendition="#rend_italic">k</hi>, is found
                    in the names of many herbs: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bæxgærdæg"/> ‘Russian
                    dock’, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">xæmpælgærdæg</hi> ‘tall grasses’ (see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xæmpæl"/>), <hi rendition="#rend_italic">cajgærdæg</hi> ‘tea’ (see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_caj"/>). See also <ref type="xr" target="#entry_dygærdyg"/>
                    ‘two year old heifer’, literally “who went on the grass twice (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_dy-"/>)” (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">gærdyg</hi> из <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kærdæg</hi>). See <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kærdyn"/>.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>221б 568 сл., 571</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
                <note type="internal">очень сомнительный перевод примера</note>
            </entry>
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