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      <titleStmt>
        <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">nidæn</hi></title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
        Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
          <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
          <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
      </sourceDesc>
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        <rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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    <body>
      <entry xml:id="entry_nidæn" xml:lang="os-x-digor" abv:completeness="russian-questions">
        <form xml:id="form_d5512e66" type="lemma"><orth>nidæn</orth></form>
        <usg><lang/></usg>
        <sense xml:id="sense_d5512e72"><sense xml:id="sense_d5512e73"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>слабый</q>
            </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>feeble</q>
            </abv:tr><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (об огне, свете, звуке)</note><note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (fire, light, sound)</note></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d5512e86"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>тихий</q>
            </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>quiet</q>
            </abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d5512e95"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>неяркий</q>
            </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>dim</q>
            </abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d5512e104"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>приглушенный</q>
            </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>muted</q>
            </abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d5512e113"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>сдержанный</q>
            </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>discreet</q>
            </abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d5512e122"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>тихо</q>
            </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>quietly</q>
            </abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d5512e131"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>невнятно</q>
            </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>indistinctly</q>
            </abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d5512e140"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>про себя</q>
            </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>inwardly</q>
            </abv:tr></sense></sense>
        <re xml:id="re_d5512e150">
          <form xml:id="form_d5512e152" type="lemma"><orth>nidængomaw</orth></form>
          <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> id.</note>
          <note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> id.</note>
        </re>
        <re xml:id="re_d5512e162">
          <form xml:id="form_d5512e164" type="lemma"><orth>ærnidæn un</orth></form>
          <sense xml:id="sense_d5512e167"><sense xml:id="sense_d5512e168"><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
                <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">затихнуть</q>
              </tr><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
                <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">calm down</q>
              </tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d5512e179"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                <q>замирать</q>
              </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                <q>fade</q>
              </abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d5512e188"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                <q>погаснуть</q>
              </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                <q>go out</q>
              </abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d5512e197"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                <q>затухать</q>
              </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                <q>fade out</q>
              </abv:tr></sense></sense>
        </re>
        <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; по значению близко к <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mynæg"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">mynæg</w>
            <w xml:lang="os-x-digor">minæg</w></ref></note>
        <note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; semantically close to <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mynæg"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">mynæg</w>
            <w xml:lang="os-x-digor">minæg</w></ref></note>
        <exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d5512e227">
          <example xml:id="example_d5512e229">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">art <oRef>ærnidæn</oRef> æj, wæddær Oræzmæg
              nekæmi zinnuj</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">огонь затух, а Оразмага все не видно</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the fire went out, but Orazmag is still not
                here</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
              <biblScope>II 11</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d5512e254">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ǧæwama art æ soʒunæj sæwmi wængæ ma
                <oRef>ærnidæn</oRef> wa</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">нужно, чтобы костер в своем горении не затухал
                до утра</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">it is necessary that the fire in its burning
                does not die out until the morning</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
              <biblScope>1956 VII 52</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d5512e279">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">xor <oRef>fænnidæn</oRef> æj</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">солнце померкло</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the sun went down</q>
            </tr>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d5512e299">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mæxe nimær <oRef>nidæn</oRef> zargæ æz
              cidærtæ imiston</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">про себя тихо напевая, я о чем-то думала</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">humming softly to myself, I was thinking about
                something</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
              <biblScope>10</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d5512e324">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">don zaruj <oRef>nidænæj</oRef>, æncad
              læwwuncæ bælæstæ</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">река тихо напевает, деревья стоят недвижимо</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the river softly sings, the trees stand
                motionless</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Тайм._Мӕ_зӕрд."/>
              <biblScope>21</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d5512e350">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Totaj <oRef>nidængomaw</oRef> zaǧta…</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Тотай сказал спокойно…</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Totai said calmly…</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
              <biblScope>1956 VII 51</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d5512e375">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>nidæn</oRef> ǧælæsæj</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">приглушенным голосом</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">with a muffled voice</q>
            </tr>
          </example>
        </exampleGrp>
        <etym xml:lang="ru">Из двух мыслимых анализов, <oRef>ni-dæn</oRef> и <oRef>nid-æn</oRef>,
          предпочтительнее первый: приставка <c>ni-</c> с присущим ей значением <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">снижения</q> в данном случае вполне уместна. Возводя
            <oRef>nidæn</oRef> к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5512e564" xml:id="mentioned_d5512e409" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">ni-dana-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5512e570" xml:id="mentioned_d5512e415" xml:lang="iir"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">ni-dhana-</w></mentioned>, мы имеем в виду одно из значений <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5512e576" xml:id="mentioned_d5512e421" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <w>ni-dhā</w>: <gloss><q>сдерживать, подавлять (гнев, желание)</q></gloss><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Grassmann"/>
                <biblScope>663</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>; ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5512e591" xml:id="mentioned_d5512e436" xml:lang="fa" extralang="pal"><lang/>
            <w>nihān</w>
            <gloss><q>скрытый</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>секретный</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5512e602" xml:id="mentioned_d5512e447" xml:lang="pal-x-turfan"><lang/>
            <w>niyān</w>
              <gloss><q>заговор</q></gloss><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><author>Henning</author>
                <title>apud Schaeder. Iranica</title>. <pubPlace>Göttingen</pubPlace>,
                  <date>1934</date>, <biblScope>стр. 74 А</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>,
            <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5512e624" xml:id="mentioned_d5512e468" xml:lang="peo"><lang>др.перс.</lang>
            <w type="rec">nidāni-</w>
            <gloss><q>хранилище</q></gloss><note type="bibl"> (? <bibl><author>Hinz</author>,
                  <title>Festschrift Lentz</title>, <pubPlace>Göttingen</pubPlace>,
                  <date>1970</date>, <biblScope>стр. 35</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>.
            <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5512e648" xml:id="mentioned_d5512e491" xml:lang="sog"><lang>Согд.</lang>
            <gloss>(собств. имя)</gloss>
            <w type="rec">Niδan</w> (<w>nyδn</w>)<note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Муг"/><biblScope>II 27</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>
          идентично, вероятно, с ос. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_nidæn"/> и означает, стало быть,
            <q>тихий</q>, <q>спокойный</q>, <q>Clemens</q>. С другой приставкой: ос. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5512e673" xml:id="mentioned_d5512e516" xml:lang="os"><w>fidæn</w>
            <gloss><q>будущий</q></gloss></mentioned> из <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5512e680" xml:id="mentioned_d5512e523" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">pati-<?oxy_comment_start author="Vados" timestamp="20220608T161958+0300" comment="Иранская реконструкция?"?>dana<?oxy_comment_end ?>-</w></mentioned>.
          — <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Benvеnistе</hi> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Benveniste._Etudes"/>
            <biblScope>59</biblScope></bibl>) делит <oRef>nid-æn</oRef> и сопоставляет <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5512e698" xml:id="mentioned_d5512e541" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
            <w>nyδ-</w>
            <gloss><q>садиться</q></gloss></mentioned>.</etym>
        <etym xml:lang="en">Of the two conceivable analyses, <oRef>ni-dæn</oRef> and
            <oRef>nid-æn</oRef>, the first one is preferable: the preverb <c>ni-</c> with its
          typical meaning of <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">lowering</q> is quite appropriate in
          this case. Tracing <oRef>nidæn</oRef> back to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5512e409" xml:id="mentioned_d5512e564" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">ni-dana-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5512e415" xml:id="mentioned_d5512e570" xml:lang="iir"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">ni-dhana-</w></mentioned>, we keep in mind one of the values of <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5512e421" xml:id="mentioned_d5512e576" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <w>ni-dhā</w>: <gloss><q>restrain, suppress (anger, desire)</q></gloss><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Grassmann"/>
                <biblScope>663</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>; cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5512e436" xml:id="mentioned_d5512e591" xml:lang="fa" extralang="pal"><lang/>
            <w>nihān</w>
            <gloss><q>hidden</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>secret</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5512e447" xml:id="mentioned_d5512e602" xml:lang="pal-x-turfan"><lang/>
            <w>niyān</w>
              <gloss><q>conspiracy</q></gloss><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><author>Henning</author>
                <title>apud Schaeder. Iranica</title>. <pubPlace>Göttingen</pubPlace>,
                  <date>1934</date>, <biblScope xml:lang="en">p. 74
            A</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5512e468" xml:id="mentioned_d5512e624" xml:lang="peo"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">nidāni-</w>
            <gloss><q>storage</q></gloss><note type="bibl"> (? <bibl><author>Hinz</author>,
                  <title>Festschrift Lentz</title>, <pubPlace>Göttingen</pubPlace>,
                  <date>1970</date>, <biblScope xml:lang="en">p.
            35</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5512e491" xml:id="mentioned_d5512e648" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
            <gloss>(proper name)</gloss>
            <w type="rec">Niδan</w> (<w>nyδn</w>)<note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Муг"/><biblScope>II 27</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned> is
          probably identical with Ossetic <ref type="xr" target="#entry_nidæn"/> and means,
          therefore, <q>quiet</q>, <q>calm</q>, <q>Clemens</q>. With anoother preverb: Ossetic
            <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5512e516" xml:id="mentioned_d5512e673" xml:lang="os"><w>fidæn</w>
            <gloss><q>future</q></gloss></mentioned> from <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5512e523" xml:id="mentioned_d5512e680" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">pati-<?oxy_comment_start author="Vados" timestamp="20220608T161958+0300" comment="Иранская реконструкция?"?>dana<?oxy_comment_end ?>-</w></mentioned>.
          — <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Benvеnistе</hi> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Benveniste._Etudes"/>
            <biblScope>59</biblScope></bibl>) analyses as <oRef>nid-æn</oRef> and compares to
            <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5512e541" xml:id="mentioned_d5512e698" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
            <w>nyδ-</w>
            <gloss><q>sit down</q></gloss></mentioned>.</etym>
      </entry>
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