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      <titleStmt>
        <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">qæw</hi></title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
    Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
            <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
            <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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      <entry xml:id="entry_qæw" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
        <form xml:id="form_d5517e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>qæw</orth></form>
        <form xml:id="form_d5517e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>ǧæw</orth></form>
        <sense xml:id="sense_d5517e72">
          <sense xml:id="sense_d5517e73">
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>селение</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>village</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
          <sense xml:id="sense_d5517e82">
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>поселение</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>settlement</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
          <sense xml:id="sense_d5517e91">
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>аул</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>aul</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
        </sense>
        <re xml:id="re_d5517e101">
          <form xml:id="form_d5517e103" type="lemma"><orth>qæwkkag</orth><form xml:id="form_d5517e105" type="variant"><orth>qæwwon</orth></form></form>
          <sense xml:id="sense_d5517e108">
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">сельский</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">rural</q>
            </tr>
          </sense>
        </re>
        <re xml:id="re_d5517e121">
          <form xml:id="form_d5517e123" type="lemma"><orth>qæwbæstæ</orth></form>
          <sense xml:id="sense_d5517e126">
            <sense xml:id="sense_d5517e127">
              <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
                <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">односельчане</q>
              </tr>
              <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
                <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">fellow villagers</q>
              </tr>
            </sense>
            <sense xml:id="sense_d5517e138">
              <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                <q>общество</q>
              </abv:tr>
              <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                <q>society</q>
              </abv:tr>
            </sense>
          </sense>
        </re>
        <note xml:lang="ru" type="footnote"><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Ялг."><hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Ялгузидзе</hi></ref></bibl> в переводе Евангелия
          употребляет <w>qæwbæstæ</w> в значении <q>мир</q>
          <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">mundus</q>).</note>
        <note xml:lang="en" type="footnote"><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Ялг."><hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Yalguzidze</hi></ref></bibl> uses <w>qæwbæstæ</w> in the
          meaning <q>world</q>, <q rendition="#rend_singlequotes">mundus</q> when translating the
          gospel).</note>
        <re xml:id="re_d5517e178">
          <form xml:id="form_d5517e180" type="lemma"><orth>qæwwyng</orth></form>
          <sense xml:id="sense_d5517e183">
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">улица</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">street</q>
            </tr>
          </sense>
        </re>
        <re xml:id="re_d5517e196">
          <form xml:id="form_d5517e198" type="lemma"><orth>qæwgæron</orth></form>
          <sense xml:id="sense_d5517e201">
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">околица</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">outskirts</q>
            </tr>
          </sense>
        </re>
        <re xml:id="re_d5517e214">
          <form xml:id="form_d5517e216" type="lemma"><orth>qæwyxīcaw</orth></form>
          <sense xml:id="sense_d5517e219">
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">аульный старшина</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the foreman of the aul</q>
            </tr>
          </sense>
        </re>
        <re xml:id="re_d5517e232">
          <form xml:id="form_d5517e234" type="lemma"><orth>qæwædk</orth></form>
          <sense xml:id="sense_d5517e237">
            <sense xml:id="sense_d5517e238">
              <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
                <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">аульный распорядок</q>
              </tr>
              <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
                <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">aul schedule</q>
              </tr>
            </sense>
            <sense xml:id="sense_d5517e249">
              <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                <q>нормы жизни</q>
              </abv:tr>
              <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                <q>norms of life</q>
              </abv:tr>
            </sense>
          </sense>
        </re>
        <re xml:id="re_d5517e261">
          <form xml:id="form_d5517e263" type="lemma"><orth>qæwg˳yvd</orth></form>
          <sense xml:id="sense_d5517e266">
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">общественный пир</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">public feast</q>
            </tr>
          </sense>
        </re>
        <re xml:id="re_d5517e279">
          <form xml:id="form_d5517e281" type="lemma"><orth>qæwʒyrd</orth></form>
          <sense xml:id="sense_d5517e284">
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">общественный уговор, соглашение</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">public agreement</q>
            </tr>
          </sense>
        </re>
        <re xml:id="re_d5517e297">
          <form xml:id="form_d5517e299" type="lemma"><orth><ref type="xr" target="#entry_qæmæ"/></orth></form>
          <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (из <w>qæwmæ</w>)</note>
          <note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (from <w>qæwmæ</w>)</note>
          <sense xml:id="sense_d5517e313">
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">домой</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">homeward</q>
            </tr>
          </sense>
        </re>
        <exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d5517e326">
          <example xml:id="example_d5517e328">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">saw ajnæǵy rynʒyl Nary qæw x˳yssy</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">над обрывом черной скалы спит аул Нар</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the village of Nar sleeps over the cliff of the
                black rock</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
              <biblScope>43</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d5517e351">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Zarbeg īw ran næ læwwydī, k˳y īw qæwmæ wadī,
              k˳y īnæg qæwmæ</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Зарбег не стоял на месте, он бегал то в один
                аул, то в другой аул</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Zarbeg did not stand still, he ran to one
                village, then to another village</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
              <biblScope>70</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d5517e374">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æddæmæ k˳y akæsin, kæd Narty qæwyl īsḱī
              ærbadt</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">посмотрю-ка наружу, не осадил ли кто-нибудь
                селение Нартов</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I will look outside to see if anyone has
                besieged the village of Narts</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОТ"/>
              <biblScope>73</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d5517e397">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Sozyryqo alyǧdī; Satana zaǧta: æj! mæ xæʒar
              k˳yd fexæld! næ qæwy æmbīs fælīʒy</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Созрыко убежал (из аула); Шатана воскликнула:
                ай! рухнул мой дом! половина нашего аула уходит</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Sozryko ran away (from the village); Satana
                exclaimed: ay! my house collapsed! half of our village is leaving</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
              <biblScope>I 40</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d5517e420">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æmrast wæ razy cy qæw īs, ūrdæm
              acæwūt</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">пойдите в селение, которое прямо перед вами</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Go into the village over against you</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Матфей"/>
              <biblScope><hi rendition="#rend_italic">21</hi> 2</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d5517e447">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">qæwyxīcaw sawǵynæn zæǧy…</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">аульный старшина говорит священнику…</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the village foreman says to the priest…</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАА"/>
              <biblScope>II 336</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d5517e470">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Turḱy, Tokaty qæwy īw mæg˳yr læg card</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">в Турции, в городе Токат, жил один бедняк</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">in Turkey, in the city of Tokat, there lived a
                poor man</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАА"/>
              <biblScope>II 250</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d5517e493">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">cīntæ jyl kodtoj jæ bīnontæ, jæ
              qæwbæstæ</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">радовались ему его семья, его односельчане</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">his family and his fellow villagers rejoiced at
                him</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
              <biblScope>74</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d5517e516">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">qæwvædk, komy ʽǧdaw mak˳y fexal</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">никогда не нарушай нормы аула, обычай
                ущелья</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">never violate the norms of the village, the
                custom of the gorge</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
              <biblScope>1967 VII 50</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
        </exampleGrp>
        <exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d5517e540">
          <example xml:id="example_d5517e542">
            <note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="ru" type="comment">В названиях
              селений и городов: </note>
            <note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" type="comment">In the names of
              villages and towns: </note>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Ʒæwyǵyqæw, Beslæny qæw, Bætæqojy qæw, Synʒy
              qæw</quote>
            <note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> и т. п.</note>
            <note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" type="comment"> and so on</note>
          </example>
        </exampleGrp>
        <exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d5517e561">
          <example xml:id="example_d5517e563" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">xæstæg ǧædbunmæ ǧæw læwdtæj, — nur dær
              zæǧuncæ Ket xundtæj</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">вблизи лесной опушки стоял аул, и теперь
                говорят — он назывался Кет</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">there was an aul near the forest edge, and now
                they say it was called Ket</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
              <biblScope>62</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d5517e589" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ǧæw fælleʒæg æncæ</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(жители) селения разбежались</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(residents) of the village fled</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/>
              <biblScope>8<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">1</hi></biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d5517e618">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mæ ǧæwbæstæ… rajevtoncæ ew anzmæ</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">мои односельчане… переменились за один год</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">my fellow villagers… changed in one year</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Qazb."/>
              <biblScope>31</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d5517e641">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ǧæwwungi ku fæccudæj…</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">когда он пошел по улице…</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">when he walked down the street…</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/>
              <biblScope>5<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">5</hi></biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
        </exampleGrp>
        <etym xml:lang="ru">Иранское слово. Восходит к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5517e893" xml:id="mentioned_d5517e671" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">gava-</w></mentioned> или
            <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5517e897" xml:id="mentioned_d5517e675" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">gavya-</w></mentioned> с исходным значением <q>скот</q>, <q>скотоводческое
            стойбище</q> (см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qūg"><w>qūg</w>
            <q>корова</q></ref>). Слово унаследовано, стало быть, от кочевого быта, когда
            <q>селение</q> было равнозначно временному кочевому стойбищу. От этой же эпохи идут
          слова <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cæryn"><w>cæryn</w>
            <q>жить</q> (← <q>кочевать</q>)</ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fysym"><w>fysym</w>
            <q>хозяин, принимающий гостя</q> (← <q>хозяин скота</q>)</ref>. Такое семантическое
          единство терминов, согласно указывающих на древний кочевой быт, весьма показательно.
          Индоиранские соответствия: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5517e929" xml:id="mentioned_d5517e707" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <w>gavya-</w>
            <gloss><q>содержащий скот</q>, <q>стадо крупного скота</q></gloss></mentioned>;
          вероятно, также <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5517e939" xml:id="mentioned_d5517e717" xml:lang="rom"><lang/>
            <w>gav</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5517e944" xml:id="mentioned_d5517e722" xml:lang="hi"><lang/>
            <w>gāṅv</w>
            <gloss><q>селение</q></gloss></mentioned>, которые возводят обычно к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5517e953" xml:id="mentioned_d5517e731" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <w>grāma-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5517e958" xml:id="mentioned_d5517e736" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
            <w>gav(a)-</w>
            <gloss><q>поселение</q>, <q>область, населенная согдийцами</q></gloss> (<phr>gāum yim
              suɣδō-šayanəm</phr>)</mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5517e971" xml:id="mentioned_d5517e749" xml:lang="peo"><lang/>
            <w>gau-pati-</w>
            <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(в эламской передаче <w>kambatia-</w>)</note>
            <gloss><q>глава поселения</q>, <q>администратор</q></gloss>
            <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(= <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5517e988" xml:id="mentioned_d5517e766" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
                <w>qæwyxīcaw</w></mentioned>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5517e994" xml:id="mentioned_d5517e772" xml:lang="pal"><lang>пехл.</lang>
            <w>gopat</w>
            <gloss><q>титул согдийского князя</q></gloss></mentioned>. За пределами индоиранских
          языков надежных соответствий в данном значении нет. Не имеющее удовлетворительной
          этимологии <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5517e1002" xml:id="mentioned_d5517e780" xml:lang="gem"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">gaw-</w>
            <gloss><q>область</q></gloss></mentioned> (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5517e1011" xml:id="mentioned_d5517e789" xml:lang="got"><lang/>
            <w>gawi</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5517e1017" xml:id="mentioned_d5517e795" xml:lang="goh"><lang/>
            <w>gawa</w>, <w>gawia</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5517e1024" xml:id="mentioned_d5517e802" xml:lang="de"><lang>нем.</lang>
            <w>Gau</w></mentioned>) могло быть старым заимствованием из скифского (обратное
          предполагает <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Loewe</hi>: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_IF"/>
            <biblScope>3, стр. 146</biblScope></bibl>). Сближали также <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5517e1037" xml:id="mentioned_d5517e815" xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
            <w>gavaṙ</w>
            <gloss><q>область</q></gloss>, <w>gewl</w>
            <gloss><q>деревня</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5517e1050" xml:id="mentioned_d5517e828" xml:lang="x-tchr"><lang/>
            <w>kwaš-</w>
            <gloss><q>селение</q></gloss></mentioned>. — Ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qæmæ"/>,
            <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qūgom"/>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ">Вс. <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Миллер</hi>. ОЭ</ref>
            <biblScope>III 13, 146</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller_IF_21"/>
            <biblScope>стр. 327</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
            <biblScope>33</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Feist"/>
            <biblScope>211</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Windekens"/>
            <biblScope>50</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._Asica"/>
            <biblScope>14</biblScope></bibl>.— <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Asia_Major"><hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Gershevitch</hi>, Asia Major</ref>
            <biblScope>1951, стр. 137 сл.</biblScope></bibl> — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Benveniste._Etudes"/>
            <biblScope>111</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
        <etym xml:lang="en">An Iranian word. It traces back to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5517e671" xml:id="mentioned_d5517e893" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">gava-</w></mentioned> or <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5517e675" xml:id="mentioned_d5517e897" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">gavya-</w></mentioned> with
          the initial meaning <q>cattle</q>, <q>cattle breeding camp</q> (see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qūg"><w>qūg</w>
            <q>cow</q></ref>). The word is inherited, therefore, from the nomadic way of life, when
          the <q>village</q> was equivalent to a temporary nomadic camp. From the same epoch come
          the words <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cæryn"><w>cæryn</w>
            <q>live</q> (← <q>nomad</q>)</ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fysym"><w>fysym</w>
            <q>host receiving a guest</q> (← <q>the host of the cattle</q>)</ref>. Such semantic
          unity of terms indicating the ancient nomadic way of life is very indicative. Indo-Iranian
          correspondences: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5517e707" xml:id="mentioned_d5517e929" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <w>gavya-</w>
            <gloss><q>keeping cattle</q>, <q>herd of cattle</q></gloss></mentioned>; probably, also
            <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5517e717" xml:id="mentioned_d5517e939" xml:lang="rom"><lang/>
            <w>gav</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5517e722" xml:id="mentioned_d5517e944" xml:lang="hi"><lang/>
            <w>gāṅv</w>
            <gloss><q>village</q></gloss></mentioned>, which are traced back to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5517e731" xml:id="mentioned_d5517e953" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <w>grāma-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5517e736" xml:id="mentioned_d5517e958" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
            <w>gav(a)-</w>
            <gloss><q>settlement</q>, <q>the area inhabited by Sogdians</q></gloss> (<phr>gāum yim
              suɣδō-šayanəm</phr>)</mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5517e749" xml:id="mentioned_d5517e971" xml:lang="peo"><lang/>
            <w>gau-pati-</w>
            <note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(in the Elamite transmission <w>kambatia-</w>)</note>
            <gloss><q>the head of the settlement</q>, <q>administrator</q></gloss>
            <note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(= <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5517e766" xml:id="mentioned_d5517e988" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
                <w>qæwyxīcaw</w></mentioned>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5517e772" xml:id="mentioned_d5517e994" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
            <w>gopat</w>
            <gloss><q>title of the Sogdian prince</q></gloss></mentioned>. There are no reliable
          correspondences in this meaning outside of Indo -Iranian languages. Not having a
          satisfactory etymology <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5517e780" xml:id="mentioned_d5517e1002" xml:lang="gem"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">gaw-</w>
            <gloss><q>area</q></gloss></mentioned> (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5517e789" xml:id="mentioned_d5517e1011" xml:lang="got"><lang/>
            <w>gawi</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5517e795" xml:id="mentioned_d5517e1017" xml:lang="goh"><lang/>
            <w>gawa</w>, <w>gawia</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5517e802" xml:id="mentioned_d5517e1024" xml:lang="de"><lang/>
            <w>Gau</w></mentioned>) could be an old borrowing from Scythian (<hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Loewe</hi> assumes the opposite: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_IF"/>
            <biblScope>3, p. 146</biblScope></bibl>). The following words were also brought closer:
            <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5517e815" xml:id="mentioned_d5517e1037" xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
            <w>gavaṙ</w>
            <gloss><q>area</q></gloss>, <w>gewl</w>
            <gloss><q>village</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5517e828" xml:id="mentioned_d5517e1050" xml:lang="x-tchr"><lang/>
            <w>kwaš-</w>
            <gloss><q>settlement</q></gloss></mentioned>. — Cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qæmæ"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qūgom"/>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
            <biblScope>III 13, 146</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller_IF_21"/>
            <biblScope>p. 327</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
            <biblScope>33</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Feist"/>
            <biblScope>211</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Windekens"/>
            <biblScope>50</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._Asica"/>
            <biblScope>14</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Asia_Major"><hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Gershevitch</hi>, Asia Major</ref>
            <biblScope>1951, p. 137 ff.</biblScope></bibl> — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Benveniste._Etudes"/>
            <biblScope>111</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
      </entry>
    </body>
  </text>
</TEI>