<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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            <titleStmt>
                <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">cʼæx</hi></title>
            </titleStmt>
            <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
    Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
            <sourceDesc>
                <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
                        <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
                        <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
                        <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
            </sourceDesc>
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    <tagsDecl>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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            <entry xml:id="entry_cʼæx" xml:lang="os">
                <form xml:id="form_d1971e66" type="lemma"><orth>cʼæx</orth></form>
                <sense xml:id="sense_d1971e69"><sense xml:id="sense_d1971e70"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>серый</q>
                        </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>gray</q>
                        </abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d1971e79"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>синий</q>
                        </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>dark blue</q>
                        </abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d1971e88"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>голубой</q>
                        </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>light blue</q>
                        </abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d1971e97"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>зеленый</q>
                        </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>green</q>
                        </abv:tr></sense></sense>
                <re xml:id="re_d1971e107">
                    <re xml:id="re_d1971e109">
                        <form xml:id="form_d1971e111" type="lemma"><orth>cʼæx bīræǧ</orth></form>
                        <sense xml:id="sense_d1971e114"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                                <q>серый волк</q>
                            </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                                <q>gray wolf</q>
                            </abv:tr></sense>
                    </re>
                    <re xml:id="re_d1971e125">
                        <form xml:id="form_d1971e127" type="lemma"><orth>cʼæx arv</orth></form>
                        <sense xml:id="sense_d1971e130"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                                <q>синее (голубое) небо</q>
                            </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                                <q>blue sky</q>
                            </abv:tr></sense>
                    </re>
                    <re xml:id="re_d1971e141">
                        <form xml:id="form_d1971e143" type="lemma"><orth>cʼæx kærdæg</orth></form>
                        <sense xml:id="sense_d1971e146"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                                <q>зеленая трава</q>
                            </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                                <q>green grass</q>
                            </abv:tr></sense>
                    </re>
                    <re xml:id="re_d1971e157">
                        <form xml:id="form_d1971e159" type="lemma"><orth>cʼæxdændag</orth></form>
                        <sense xml:id="sense_d1971e162"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                                <q>оскомина</q>
                            </abv:tr><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru"> („зеленый зуб“)</note><note type="comment" xml:lang="en"> (“green tooth”)</note><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                                <q>soreness of the mouth</q>
                            </abv:tr><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru"> („зеленый зуб“)</note><note type="comment" xml:lang="en"> (“green tooth”)</note></sense>
                    </re>
                </re>
                <re xml:id="re_d1971e182">
                    <form xml:id="form_d1971e184" type="lemma"><orth>cʼæxæj ræǧæd</orth></form>
                    <sense xml:id="sense_d1971e187"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>преждевременно созревший</q>
                        </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>prematurely ripen</q>
                        </abv:tr></sense>
                </re>
                <abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d1971e198">
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d1971e200">
                        <quote>mæ cūqqa — cʼæx tynæj</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>моя черкеска — из серого сукна</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>my chokha is made of gray cloth</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>52</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d1971e219">
                        <quote>dæ fydy xæcængærztæ cʼæx art, cʼæx fæzdæg waʒync xæcyn
                            mondagæj</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>оружие твоего отца от жажды боя испускает синее пламя, серый дым</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>lusting for battle your father's weapon emits blue flames, gray
                                smoke</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/><biblScope>IV
                            139</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d1971e238">
                        <quote>komy cʼæx mīǧ nybbadt</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>в ущелье засел серый туман</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>gray fog settled in the gorge</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d1971e253" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote>cʼæx meǧæ sbaduj sæ bæxti tulfæj</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>от пара их коней стоит серый туман</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>there is grey fog from their horses' exhalation</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭп."/><biblScope>58%l181%l</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d1971e275">
                        <quote>nal wynys arvy cʼæx</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>ты не видишь больше голубого неба</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>you don't see blue sky anymore</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Æfx._Xæs."/><biblScope>99</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d1971e295">
                        <quote>jæ kʼūltæ — ʽrǧæw, jæ byn—cʼæx avg</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>стены его (дома) — перламутр, пол — синее стекло</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>his walls (of his house) is nacre, floor is blue glass</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭп."/><biblScope>14</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d1971e314">
                        <quote>bon ærbajdydta cʼæx</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>стало рассветать („день начал сереть“)</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>it began to dawn ("the day began to turn gray")</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/><biblScope>II
                            15</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d1971e333">
                        <quote>bonycʼæxmæ mæ cæst ne ʽrcʼynd kodton</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>до рассвета я не сомкнул глаз</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>until dawn I didn't close my eyes together</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d1971e348">
                        <quote>næ xūssærttæ — cʼæx</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>наши южные склоны — зелены</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>our southern slopes are green</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>60</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d1971e367">
                        <quote>saw qædy astæw cʼæx ærdūz</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>посреди черного леса зеленая поляна</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>there is a green meadow in the middle of the black forest</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/><biblScope>III
                            5</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d1971e386" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote>bælasi awwon, cʼæx zældi astæw æritawuncæ sæ ors nimættæ</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>в тени дерева, посреди зеленой травы расстилают свои белые бурки</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>in the shade of a tree, in the middle of green grass, they spread
                                their white felt cloaks</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭп."/><biblScope xml:lang="ru">59%l224
                                сл.%l</biblScope><biblScope xml:lang="en">59%l224
                            ff.%l</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d1971e412" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote>i cʼewtæ kʼwaremæj pixsbun isbaduncæ cʼæxbæl</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>птички стайками садятся под кустами на траве</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>flocks of birds sit under the bushes in the grass</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/><biblScope>75</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d1971e434" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote>sæwmon ærtæx walʒigon cʼæxbunbæl kud fedawuj, otæ fedawis dæ bæxi
                            usqi</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>как утренняя роса на весенней траве, так красуешься ты на плече
                                коня</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>like morning dew on the spring grass, so you are flaunting on the
                                horse's shoulder</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/><biblScope>II
                            69</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d1971e456">
                        <quote>baltæn sæ cʼæxtæ ma ton, fælæ sæ ræǧædtæ</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>рви не зеленые вишни, а спелые</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>pick not green cherries, but red-pipes</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                    </abv:example>
                </abv:exampleGrp>
                <etym xml:lang="ru">По всей вероятности, кавказское слово; ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1971e583" xml:id="mentioned_d1971e475" xml:lang="av"><lang/>
                        <w>cʼcʼahil</w>
                        <gloss><q>серый</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1971e591" xml:id="mentioned_d1971e483" xml:lang="av"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>голубой</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1971e597" xml:id="mentioned_d1971e489" xml:lang="tab"><lang/>
                        <w>cʼux-</w>
                        <gloss><q>серый</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1971e605" xml:id="mentioned_d1971e497" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
                        <w>cʼaxi</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1971e610" xml:id="mentioned_d1971e502" xml:lang="ka"><w>cʼaka</w>
                        <gloss><q>сыворотка</q></gloss></mentioned> („серая жидкость“, ср.
                        <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1971e617" xml:id="mentioned_d1971e509" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
                        <w>cʼæx syly</w>
                        <gloss><q>сыворотка</q></gloss></mentioned>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1971e625" xml:id="mentioned_d1971e517" xml:lang="kbd"><lang/>
                        <w>śʼexw</w>
                        <gloss><q>синий</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1971e633" xml:id="mentioned_d1971e525" xml:lang="kbd"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>голубой</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1971e639" xml:id="mentioned_d1971e531" xml:lang="kbd"><w>śʼxo</w>
                        <gloss><q>серый</q></gloss></mentioned>. Намечаются связи и на иранской
                    почве: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1971e645" xml:id="mentioned_d1971e537" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
                        <w>zaǧ</w>
                        <gloss><q>синий</q></gloss></mentioned> (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1971e653" xml:id="mentioned_d1971e545" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
                        <w>zaǧ-časm</w>
                        <gloss><q>синеглазый</q></gloss></mentioned>). Старым иранским словом для
                    понятия ‘серый’ было в осетинском <hi rendition="#rend_italic">xær</hi>-, которое сохранилось в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xæræg"/> ‘осел’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xærīs"/>
                    ‘ива’, д. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xæræ_1"/> <hi rendition="#rend_italic">meǧæ</hi> ‘серый туман’. Для
                    ‘синего’ или ‘темно-серого’ существовало слово <hi rendition="#rend_italic">æxsm</hi>. Совмещение в одном
                    (слове значений ‘серого’, ‘синего’ и ‘зеленого’ объясняется хозяйственной
                    неактуальностью этих цветовых различий в условиях староосетинского быта. В
                    аналогичных условиях такой же цветовой „синкретизм“ наблюдается в других языках;
                    ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1971e668" xml:id="mentioned_d1971e560" xml:lang="ab"><lang/>
                        <w>á-ec˳ʼa</w>
                        <gloss><q>серый</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1971e676" xml:id="mentioned_d1971e568" xml:lang="ab"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>синий</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1971e682" xml:id="mentioned_d1971e574" xml:lang="ab"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>зеленый</q></gloss></mentioned>.</etym>
                <etym xml:lang="en">From all appearances, it is a Caucasian word; cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1971e475" xml:id="mentioned_d1971e583" xml:lang="av"><lang/>
                        <w>cʼcʼahil</w>
                        <gloss><q>gray</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1971e483" xml:id="mentioned_d1971e591" xml:lang="av"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>light blue</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1971e489" xml:id="mentioned_d1971e597" xml:lang="tab"><lang/>
                        <w>cʼux-</w>
                        <gloss><q>gray</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1971e497" xml:id="mentioned_d1971e605" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
                        <w>cʼaxi</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1971e502" xml:id="mentioned_d1971e610" xml:lang="ka"><w>cʼaka</w>
                        <gloss><q>serum</q></gloss></mentioned> (“gray liquid”, cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1971e509" xml:id="mentioned_d1971e617" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
                        <w>cʼæx syly</w>
                        <gloss><q>serum</q></gloss></mentioned>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1971e517" xml:id="mentioned_d1971e625" xml:lang="kbd"><lang/>
                        <w>śʼexw</w>
                        <gloss><q>dark blue</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1971e525" xml:id="mentioned_d1971e633" xml:lang="kbd"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>light blue</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1971e531" xml:id="mentioned_d1971e639" xml:lang="kbd"><w>śʼxo</w>
                        <gloss><q>gray</q></gloss></mentioned>. There are also connections in
                    Iranian languages: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1971e537" xml:id="mentioned_d1971e645" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
                        <w>zaǧ</w>
                        <gloss><q>blue</q></gloss></mentioned> (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1971e545" xml:id="mentioned_d1971e653" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
                        <w>zaǧ-časm</w>
                        <gloss><q>blue-eyed</q></gloss></mentioned>). The word <hi rendition="#rend_italic">xær</hi>- which is now
                    found in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xæræg"/> ‘donkey’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xærīs"/> ‘willow’, Digor <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xæræ_1"/> <hi rendition="#rend_italic">meǧæ</hi> ‘gray fog’ was an old Iranian word for ‘gray’. For ‘blue’ or ‘dark
                    gray’ there was the word <hi rendition="#rend_italic">æxsin</hi>. Combining meanings ‘gray’, ‘blue’ and
                    ‘green’ in one word is explained by the economic irrelevance of these colour
                    differences in the conditions of old Ossetian life. The same colour “syncretism”
                    in analogous conditions is found in other languages; cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1971e560" xml:id="mentioned_d1971e668" xml:lang="ab"><lang/>
                        <w>á-ec˳ʼa</w>
                        <gloss><q>gray</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1971e568" xml:id="mentioned_d1971e676" xml:lang="ab"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>blue</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1971e574" xml:id="mentioned_d1971e682" xml:lang="ab"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>green</q></gloss></mentioned>.</etym>
            </entry>
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