<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">xo</hi></title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
    Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
            <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
            <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
      </sourceDesc>
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        <rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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    <body>
      <entry xml:id="entry_xo" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
        <form xml:id="form_d734e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>xo</orth></form>
        <form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>xwæræ</orth></form>
        <sense xml:id="sense_d734e69">
          <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
            <q>сестра</q>
          </abv:tr>
          <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
            <q>sister</q>
          </abv:tr>
        </sense>
        <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">. Термин не только семейной, но я родовой организации:
          любая кенщина моего рода может называться <cit>
            <re>
              <form type="lemma"><orth>mæ xo</orth></form>
              <sense>
                <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
                  <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">моя сестра</q>
                </tr>
                <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
                  <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">моя сестра</q>
                </tr>
              </sense>
            </re>
          </cit>; любая женщина рода моей матери может называться <cit>
            <re>
              <form type="lemma"><orth>æ mady xo</orth></form>
              <sense>
                <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
                  <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">моя тетя</q>
                </tr>
                <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
                  <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">моя тетя</q>
                </tr>
                <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">сестра моей
                    матери</q>)</note>
                <note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">сестра моей
                    матери</q>)</note>
              </sense>
            </re>
          </cit>; любой потомок женщины моего рода может называться <cit>
            <re>
              <form type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron">mæ xæræfyrt</form>
              <form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>xwærifurt</orth></form>
              <sense>
                <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
                  <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">мой племянник</q>
                </tr>
                <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
                  <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">мой племянник</q>
                </tr>
                <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">сын моей
                    сестры</q>)</note>
                <note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">сын моей
                    сестры</q>)</note>
              </sense>
            </re>
          </cit>. Ср. в этом отношении семантику слова <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærvad"><w>rvad</w>
            <gloss><q>брат</q></gloss> — <gloss><q>родич</q></gloss></ref> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
            <biblScope>62 — 63</biblScope></bibl> — <bibl><title xml:lang="ru">Энгельс и
              языкознание</title>. <pubPlace xml:lang="ru">М.</pubPlace>, <date>1972</date>,
              <biblScope xml:lang="ru">стр. 240—241</biblScope><biblScope xml:lang="en">стр.
              240—241</biblScope></bibl>). Поэтому, когда хотят подчеркнуть, что речь идет о родной
          сестре, говорят <cit>
            <re>
              <form type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>ævsymær xo</orth></form>
              <form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>ænsuvær xwæræ</orth></form>
              <sense>
                <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
                  <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">единоутробная сестра</q>
                </tr>
                <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
                  <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">единоутробная сестра</q>
                </tr>
              </sense>
            </re>
          </cit> ; см. <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr>ævsymær xogond</phr> или <phr>kængæ xo</phr>
            <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">названная сестра</q></gloss></mentioned></note>
        <note xml:lang="en" type="comment">. The term reflects not only a family organization, but
          also a tribal one: any woman of my clan can be called  <cit>
            <re>
              <form type="lemma"><orth>mæ xo</orth></form>
              <sense>
                <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
                  <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">моя сестра</q>
                </tr>
                <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
                  <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">my sister</q>
                </tr>
              </sense>
            </re>
          </cit>; any woman of my motherʼs family can be called <cit>
            <re>
              <form type="lemma"><orth>æ mady xo</orth></form>
              <sense>
                <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
                  <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">моя тетя</q>
                </tr>
                <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
                  <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">my aunt</q>
                </tr>
                <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">сестра моей
                    матери</q>)</note>
                <note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">my motherʼs
                    sister</q>)</note>
              </sense>
            </re>
          </cit>; any descendant of a woman of my family can be called <cit>
            <re>
              <form type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron">mæ xæræfyrt</form>
              <form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>xwærifurt</orth></form>
              <sense>
                <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
                  <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">мой племянник</q>
                </tr>
                <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
                  <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">my nephew</q>
                </tr>
                <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">сын моей
                    сестры</q>)</note>
                <note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">my sisterʼs
                    son</q>)</note>
              </sense>
            </re>
          </cit>. In this respect, cf. the semantics of the word <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærvad"><w>rvad</w>
            <gloss><q>brother</q></gloss> — <gloss><q>relative</q></gloss></ref> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
            <biblScope>62 — 63</biblScope></bibl> — <bibl><title xml:lang="en">Engelʼs i
              jazykoznanie [Engels and linguistics]</title>. <pubPlace xml:lang="en">Moscow</pubPlace>, <date>1972</date>, <biblScope xml:lang="ru">стр.
              240—241</biblScope><biblScope xml:lang="en">pp. 240—241</biblScope></bibl>).
          Therefore, when they want to emphasize that they are talking about a sister, they say <cit>
            <re>
              <form type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>ævsymær xo</orth></form>
              <form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>ænsuvær xwæræ</orth></form>
              <sense>
                <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
                  <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">единоутробная сестра</q>
                </tr>
                <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
                  <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">half-sister</q>
                </tr>
              </sense>
            </re>
          </cit> ; see <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr>ævsymær xogond</phr> or <phr>kængæ xo</phr>
            <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">named sister</q></gloss></mentioned></note>
        <exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">kæm ræzync, kæm cærync dæ <oRef>xotæ</oRef>,
              dæ mad?</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">где растут, где живут твои сестры, твоя
                мать?</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">where do your sisters, your mother live, grow
                up?</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
              <biblScope>119</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">max <oRef>xo</oRef> æmæ ævsymær stæm</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">мы — сестра и брат</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">we are sister and brother</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
              <biblScope>36</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Ajssæ mæ kængæ <oRef>xo</oRef> ū</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Айсса — моя названая сестра</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Aissa is my named sister</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
              <biblScope>58</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Batyraʒ æn... Xūry ḱyzg wydis ærdxord
                <oRef>xo</oRef></quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Батрадзу дочь Солнца была присяжной сестрой</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the daughter of the Sun was a sworn sister to
                Batradz</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭп."/>
              <biblScope>50</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">avd ævsymæræn — īwnæg ævsymær <oRef>xo</oRef>
              Tamar</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">у семи братьев (была) единственная
                единоутробная сестра Тамара</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">seven brothers (had) the only half-sister
                Tamara</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
              <biblScope>19</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mady <oRef>xojæ</oRef> mady ad cæwy</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">от сестры матери исходит сладость (родной)
                матери</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">from the sister of the mother comes the
                sweetness of (native) mother</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><biblScope xml:lang="ru">пословица</biblScope><biblScope xml:lang="en">proverb</biblScope>; <ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
              <biblScope>III 214</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Wyryzmæg jæ <oRef>xo</oRef> Satanamæ
              bacard</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Урызмаг стал жить (в супружестве) со своей
                сестрой Шатаной</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Uryzmag began to live (in marriage) with his
                sister Shatana</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Нарт._сказ."/>
              <biblScope>28</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">jæ <oRef>xotæ</oRef> dær segas ne ʽxsæn ne
              sty?</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">и сестры его не все ли между нами?</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">and his sisters, are they not all with us?</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Матфей"/>
              <biblScope><hi rendition="#rend_italic">13</hi> 56</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">næxecæn æj ænsuvær <oRef>xwæræ</oRef>
              iskænæn</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">сделаем ее для себя (как бы) единоутробной
                сестрой</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">letʼs make her for ourselves (as if she was) a
                half-sister</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
              <biblScope>25</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ærsærnæwudæj sæ <oRef>xwæræ</oRef></quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">пришла к ним их сестра</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">their sister came to them</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
              <biblScope>I 100</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Negor-ældar... bacudæj æ <oRef>xwæræmæ</oRef>
              ma in zaǧta: wæ ors alasa mæ armi cæmæj baftuja oj min baamonæ, kenæ ba xwariurst
                <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(sic! В. А.)</note><note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(sic! V. A.)</note> æma <oRef>xwarævdesæn</oRef>
              <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(sic! В. А.)</note><note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(sic! V. A.)</note> kud bakænæn otæ!</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Негор-алдар пошел к сестре и сказал ей: научи
                меня, чтобы ваш белый конь попал в мои руки, а не то я отрекусь от тебя как от
                сестры!</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Negor-Aldar went to his sister and said to her:
                teach me so that your white horse would fall into my hands, otherwise I will
                renounce you as a sister!</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
              <biblScope>II 73</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">kæsgon cægær ældar... ista sin sæ
                <oRef>xwærti</oRef> fustaw ævzaræ</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">плешивый кабардинский князь отнимал у них
                сестер, как овец, на выбор</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the bald-headed Kabardian prince took their
                sisters away from them, like sheep, to choose from</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Æduli"/>
              <biblScope>73</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Æmburdtæ ragi avd <oRef>xwæri</oRef>
              adtæncæ</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(звезды) <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Æmburdtæ</hi> (созвездие Плеяд) были давно семью сестрами</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(the stars) <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Æmburdtæ</hi> (constellation Pleiades) were seven sisters long ago</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/>
              <biblScope>20<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">10</hi></biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
        </exampleGrp>
        <etym xml:lang="ru">Как и другие термины родства, древнее индоевропейское наследие. Восходит
          к <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">hwahar-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">swesor-</w></mentioned>. И. <oRef>хо</oRef> возводится к форме имен.
          падежа <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">hwahā</w></mentioned>,<note type="footnote">Стоит отметить, что и другие осетинские термины родства — <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mad"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fyd_1"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærvad"/> — отражают древнеиранские формы имен. падежа: (<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">mātā</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">pitā</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">brātā</w></mentioned>) в отличие, например, от <hi rendition="#rend_bold">персидского</hi> (<mentioned xml:lang="fa"><w>mādar</w></mentioned> и пр.).</note> д.
            <oRef>xwæræ</oRef> — к основе косвенных падежей<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">hwahar-</w></mentioned>, но с одной аномалией: слабым корневым гласным <c>æ</c>
          вместо ожидаемого <c>a</c>, может быть, для избежания омонимии с <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xor"><w>xwar</w>
            <gloss><q>хлеб в зерне</q></gloss></ref>. Впрочем, в одном случае, в первой части
          сложных слов, мы находим <c>xwar-</c> (см. выше цитату: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СОПам."/>
            <biblScope>II 73</biblScope></bibl>). Вот как зовется сестра в иранских языках и
          наречиях: <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
            <w>xwūhar</w>, <w>xahār</w> (в диалектах) <w>xwar</w>, <w>xah</w>, <w>xōh</w>,
              <w>xohr</w>, <w>xuh</w>, <w>xūa</w><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_KPF"/>, <biblScope xml:lang="ru">Abt. III, Bd. I, стр.
                  30</biblScope><biblScope xml:lang="en">Abt. III, Bd. I, стр.
              30</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
            <w>xwahar</w>, <w>xwah</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal-x-turfan"><lang/>
            <w>xwār</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="tg"><lang/>
            <w>xovar</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ku"><lang/> (по диалектам) <w>xōh</w>,
              <w>xwä</w>, <w>xoar</w><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_KPF"/>,
                  <biblScope xml:lang="ru">Abt. III, Bd. II, стр. 448</biblScope><biblScope xml:lang="en">Abt. III, Bd. II, стр. 448</biblScope></bibl>)</note>,
              <w>xušk</w><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><author>Rossi</author>. <title>Brāhuī and Western
                  Iranian clusters -šk, -sk</title>. <pubPlace>Napoli</pubPlace>, <date>1977</date>,
                  <biblScope xml:base="ru">стр. 25</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>,
            <mentioned xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
            <w>gwahar</w>, <w>gōhar</w>, <w>gwār</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ttt"><lang/>
            <w>xovar</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="tly"><lang/>
            <w>hova</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="oru"><lang/>
            <w>xwār</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="prc"><lang/>
            <w>xi</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
            <w>xor</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yah"><lang/>
            <w>x̌warǵ</w></mentioned> (ср. <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>xwer</w>
            <gloss><q>племянник</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>племянница</q></gloss>, <note type="comment">из <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">hwahrya-</w></mentioned></note>)</mentioned>), <mentioned xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
            <w>xúy</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
            <w>yax</w><gloss><q/></gloss>, <note type="comment">из <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">hahwā-</w> ← <w>hwahā</w></mentioned>. <note type="bibl"><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._Shughni"/>
                  <biblScope>106</biblScope></bibl></note></note>)</mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="mnj"><lang/>
            <w>yixa</w></mentioned> (ср. <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>xær</w>
            <gloss><q>племянник</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>племянница</q></gloss></mentioned>),
            <mentioned xml:lang="xpr"><lang/>
            <w>wx’r</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
            <w>xwōr</w>, <w>xōr</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
            <w>xwār</w> (<w>γw’r</w>, <w>xw’r</w>)</mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xco"><lang/>
            <w>’x-</w> = <w>uxa</w> (<note type="comment">из <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">hwahā-</w>, ср.: </mentioned><note type="bibl"><bibl><author>Henning</author>,
                    </bibl><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AI"/>
                  <biblScope>XV 495</biblScope></bibl></note></note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
            <w>hvar(a)-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
            <w>xᵛanhar</w></mentioned>. За пределами иранского: <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <w>svasar-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
            <w>sestra</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
            <w>сестра</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="prg"><lang/>
            <w>swestro</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="got"><lang/>
            <w>swistar</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
            <w>Schwester</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="en"><lang/>
            <w>sister</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
            <w>soror</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sga"><lang/>
            <w>siur</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="cy-x-cymr"><lang/>
            <w>chwaer</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="br"><lang/>
            <w>c’hoar</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kw"><lang/>
            <w>hoer</w>, <w>hor</w>, <w>hair</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
            <w>koir</w></mentioned>. — <mentioned xml:lang="hu"><lang/>
            <w>húg</w>
            <gloss><q>младшая сестра</q></gloss></mentioned> некоторые производят из иранского.
              <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Joki"/> (<biblScope>Uul 196</biblScope>)</bibl>
          оспаривает это сближение. — См. еще <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xæræfyrt"/>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
            <biblScope>II 52, 73, 92, III 142</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/>
            <biblScope>38</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
            <biblScope>70</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Szemerényi</author>
            <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AI"/>
            <biblScope>XVI 33</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author xml:lang="ru">Эдельман</author>,
              <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ВЯ"/>
            <biblScope>1977 IV 83</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._Saka_Dictionary"/>
            <biblScope>503</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
        <etym xml:lang="en">Like other terms of kinship, this is an ancient Indo-European heritage.
          It goes back to <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">hwahar-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">swesor-</w></mentioned>. Iron <oRef>хо</oRef> is traced back to the
          nominative case form <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">hwahā</w></mentioned>,<note type="footnote">It is worth noting that other Ossetian terms of kinship,<ref type="xr" target="#entry_mad"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fyd_1"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærvad"/>, reflect the ancient Iranian nominative case forms:
              (<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">mātā</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">pitā</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">brātā</w></mentioned>), unlike, for example, <hi rendition="#rend_bold">Persian</hi> (<mentioned xml:lang="fa"><w>mādar</w></mentioned> etc.).</note> whereas
          Digor <oRef>xwæræ</oRef> goes back to the basis of indirect case forms <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">hwahar-</w></mentioned>, but with one anomaly: a weak root
          vowel <c>æ</c> instead of the expected <c>a</c>, perhaps, in order to avoid homonymy with
            <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xor"><w>xwar</w>
            <gloss><q>bread in grain</q></gloss></ref>. However, in one case, in the first part of
          compound words, we find <c>xwar-</c> (see the quote above: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СОПам."/>
            <biblScope>II 73</biblScope></bibl>). This is the name of the sister in Iranian
          languages ​​and dialects: <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
            <w>xwūhar</w>, <w>xahār</w> (in dialects) <w>xwar</w>, <w>xah</w>, <w>xōh</w>,
              <w>xohr</w>, <w>xuh</w>, <w>xūa</w><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_KPF"/>, <biblScope xml:lang="ru">Abt. III, Bd. I, стр.
                  30</biblScope><biblScope xml:lang="en">Abt. III, Bd. I, p.
              30</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
            <w>xwahar</w>, <w>xwah</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal-x-turfan"><lang/>
            <w>xwār</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="tg"><lang/>
            <w>xovar</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ku"><lang/> (in dialects) <w>xōh</w>,
              <w>xwä</w>, <w>xoar</w><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_KPF"/>,
                  <biblScope xml:lang="ru">Abt. III, Bd. II, стр. 448</biblScope><biblScope xml:lang="en">Abt. III, Bd. II, p. 448</biblScope></bibl>)</note>,
              <w>xušk</w><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><author>Rossi</author>. <title>Brāhuī and Western
                  Iranian clusters -šk, -sk</title>. <pubPlace>Napoli</pubPlace>, <date>1977</date>,
                  <biblScope xml:base="en">p. 25</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
            <w>gwahar</w>, <w>gōhar</w>, <w>gwār</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ttt"><lang/>
            <w>xovar</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="tly"><lang/>
            <w>hova</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="oru"><lang/>
            <w>xwār</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="prc"><lang/>
            <w>xi</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
            <w>xor</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yah"><lang/>
            <w>x̌warǵ</w></mentioned> (cf. <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>xwer</w>
            <gloss><q>nephew</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>niece</q></gloss>, <note type="comment">from
                <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">hwahrya-</w></mentioned></note></mentioned>), <mentioned xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
            <w>xúy</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
            <w>yax</w><gloss><q/></gloss>, <note type="comment">from <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">hahwā-</w> ← <w>hwahā</w></mentioned>. <note type="bibl"><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._Shughni"/>
                  <biblScope>106</biblScope></bibl></note></note>)</mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="mnj"><lang/>
            <w>yixa</w></mentioned> (cf. <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>xær</w>
            <gloss><q>nephew</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>niece</q></gloss></mentioned>), <mentioned xml:lang="xpr"><lang/>
            <w>wx’r</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
            <w>xwōr</w>, <w>xōr</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
            <w>xwār</w> (<w>γw’r</w>, <w>xw’r</w>)</mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xco"><lang/>
            <w>’x-</w> = <w>uxa</w> (<note type="comment">from <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">hwahā-</w>, cf.: </mentioned><note type="bibl"><bibl><author>Henning</author>, </bibl><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AI"/>
                  <biblScope>XV 495</biblScope></bibl></note></note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
            <w>hvar(a)-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
            <w>xᵛanhar</w></mentioned>. Outside Iranian: <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <w>svasar-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
            <w>sestra</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
            <w>sestra</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="prg"><lang/>
            <w>swestro</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="got"><lang/>
            <w>swistar</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
            <w>Schwester</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="en"><lang/>
            <w>sister</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
            <w>soror</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sga"><lang/>
            <w>siur</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="cy-x-cymr"><lang/>
            <w>chwaer</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="br"><lang/>
            <w>c’hoar</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kw"><lang/>
            <w>hoer</w>, <w>hor</w>, <w>hair</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
            <w>koir</w></mentioned>. — <mentioned xml:lang="hu"><lang/>
            <w>húg</w>
            <gloss><q>younger sister</q></gloss></mentioned> are traced back to Iranian by some
          authors. <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Joki"/> (<biblScope>Uul
            196</biblScope>)</bibl> disputes this convergence. — See also <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xæræfyrt"/>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
            <biblScope>II 52, 73, 92, III 142</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/>
            <biblScope>38</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
            <biblScope>70</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Szemerényi</author>
            <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AI"/>
            <biblScope>XVI 33</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author xml:lang="en">Edelman</author>,
              <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ВЯ"/>
            <biblScope>1977 IV 83</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._Saka_Dictionary"/>
            <biblScope>503</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
      </entry>
    </body>
  </text>
</TEI>