<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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      <titleStmt>
        <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">sar_1</hi></title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
        Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
          <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
          <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
      </sourceDesc>
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        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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      <entry xml:id="entry_sar_1" n="1" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
        <form xml:id="form_d1223e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>sar!</orth></form>
        <form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>saræ!</orth></form>
        <sense>
          <sense xml:id="sense_d1223e69">
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>горе</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>woe</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
          <sense>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>vae!</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>vae!</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
        </sense>
        <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; в формулах угрозы и проклятия</note>
        <note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; it is used in formulas of menace and curse</note>
        <re>
          <form type="lemma"><orth><oRef>sar</oRef> dæ kʼona! <oRef>sar</oRef> dæ
            xæʒar!</orth></form>
          <sense>
            <sense>
              <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
                <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">горе твоему дому!</q>
              </tr>
              <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
                <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">woe to your house!</q>
              </tr>
            </sense>
            <sense>
              <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                <q>vае domo tuo!</q>
              </abv:tr>
              <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                <q>vae domo tuo!</q>
              </abv:tr>
            </sense>
          </sense>
        </re>
        <re>
          <form type="lemma"><orth><oRef>sar</oRef> dæ sær!</orth></form>
          <sense>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">горе твоей голове!</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">woe to your head!</q>
            </tr>
          </sense>
        </re>
        <exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ew sæ kʼona æmæ <oRef>sar</oRef> sæ
              xæʒar!</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">гибель их очагу и горе их дому!</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ruin to their hearth and woe to their
                house!</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАА"/>
              <biblScope>II 276</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">majræmbony X˳ycaw dæ baxīzæd dæ xæʒaræj æddæ
              bazzajyn; wæd dodoj æmæ <oRef>sar</oRef> dæ sær kodta</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">в пятницу избави Боже остаться вне своего дома;
                тогда беда и горе твоей голове!</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">on Friday, Lord, deliver me from being away
                from my home; then disaster and woe to your head!</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
              <biblScope>73</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dodoj, <oRef>sar</oRef> myn jæ īid, ḱī mæ
              xona wæjjagf</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">беда, горе тому (<q>душе того</q>), кто назовет
                меня рабом!</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">disaster, woe to one (<q>to the soul of
                one</q>) who will call me a slave!</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Niger"/>
              <biblScope>108</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">saræ</oRef> kænaj
              sæ kʼona!</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">горе их дому!</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">woe to their house!</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Qazb."/>
              <biblScope>51</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
        </exampleGrp>
        <etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к <mentioned xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/><w type="rec">sādram!</w>
            <gloss><q>горе</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>vae!</q></gloss></mentioned>. Ср. <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
            <w>sār</w>
            <gloss><q>горе</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>огорчение</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
            <w>sādra-</w><gloss><q>горе</q></gloss> в формулах проклятия: <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"><example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
                <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"> sādram ahmāt naire!</quote>
                <tr xml:lang="ru">
                  <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">горе тому мужу!</q>
                </tr>
                <tr xml:lang="en">
                  <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">горе тому мужу!</q>
                </tr>
              </example></note>).</mentioned> В осетинском ожидали бы <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w type="rec">sard</w></mentioned> (группа <c>-rd</c> в исходе удерживается, ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wyrd_1"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kard"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mard"/> и др.). Однако в сочетании <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr>sard dæ</phr></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
            <phr type="rec">sādram tai</phr></mentioned>) легко могло произойти упрощение:
            <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr>sar dæ...</phr></mentioned> Старую аланскую форму
          отражает, возможно, <mentioned xml:lang="ce"><lang/>
            <w>sardam</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="bbl"><lang/>
            <w>sart</w>
            <gloss><q>проклятие</q></gloss></mentioned>.</etym>
        <etym xml:lang="en">The word goes back to <mentioned xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/><w type="rec">sādram!</w>
            <gloss><q>woe</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>vae!</q></gloss></mentioned>. Cf. <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
            <w>sār</w>
            <gloss><q>grief</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>sorrow</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
            <w>sādra-</w><gloss><q>grief</q></gloss> in curse formulas:<note xml:lang="en" type="comment"><example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
                <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"> sādram ahmāt naire!</quote>
                <tr xml:lang="en">
                  <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">woe to that man!</q>
                </tr>
              </example></note>).</mentioned> In Ossetic the form <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w type="rec">sard</w></mentioned> would be expected (the consonant cluster <c>-rd</c> in
          the end of the word is normally retained, cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wyrd_1"/>,
            <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kard"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mard"/> etc.).
          However, the simplification could easily occur in the combination <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr>sard dæ</phr></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
            <phr type="rec">sādram tai</phr></mentioned>): <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr>sar
              dæ...</phr></mentioned> The old Alanic form is, probably, retained in <mentioned xml:lang="ce"><lang/>
            <w>sardam</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="bbl"><lang/>
            <w>sart</w>
            <gloss><q>curse</q></gloss></mentioned>.</etym>
      </entry>
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