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      <titleStmt>
        <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">stīvʒ</hi></title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
        Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
          <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
          <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
      </sourceDesc>
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        <rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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      <entry xml:id="entry_stīvʒ" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
        <form xml:id="form_d2496e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>stīvʒ</orth></form>
        <form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>stevʒæ</orth><form type="variant"><orth>stewʒæ</orth></form></form>
        <sense>
          <sense xml:id="sense_d2496e69">
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>шкворень</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>kingpin</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
          <sense>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>вертикальный стержень, болт, скрепляющий ярмо с дышлом</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>a vertical pin fastening the yoke to the beam</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
        </sense>
        <exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æfsonʒæn astæwæj cy tæbynggond væjjy, ūj
              xonync <oRef>stīvʒ</oRef></quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">колышек, вставляемый в середине ярма,
                называется <oRef/></q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a peg inserted in the middle of the yoke is
                called <oRef/></q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
              <biblScope>1967 V 67</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æfsoj dislæbæl nīffedar kænunmæ
                <oRef>stevʒitæ</oRef></quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">для скрепления ярма с дышлом (нужны)
                шкворни</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">to fasten the yoke with the drawbar, pins are
                needed</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_SD"/>
              <biblScope>245<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">2</hi></biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
        </exampleGrp>
        <etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит закономерно к <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">staipti-</w> ← <w type="rec">stipti</w></mentioned> и этимологически, по образованию
          и значению примыкает непосредственно к германской группе:
            <?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20221107T215226+0300" comment="NB" flag="done"?><mentioned xml:lang="de-x-south"><lang/>
            <w>stefz</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?>, <mentioned xml:lang="nl"><lang/>
            <w>stift</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
            <w>Stift</w>
            <gloss><q>стерженек</q>, <q>гвоздь без шляпки</q>, <q>штифт</q></gloss></mentioned>. К
          этому же этимологическому гнезду (индоевропейская база <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">steip-</w>, <w type="rec">steib-</w>: <note type="bibl"><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
                <biblScope>1015—1016</biblScope></bibl></note></mentioned>) относятся <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
            <w>спица</w>
            <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">из <w type="rec">stipica</w></note>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Brückner</author>, <title>Archiv für slavische
                  Philologie</title>
                <biblScope>XL 50</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
            <w>stipes</w>
            <gloss><q>кол</q>, <q>жердь</q>, <q>ствол</q></gloss>, <w>stipula</w>
            <gloss><q>стебель</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(о латинской группе см.: <bibl><author>Pisani</author>.
                  <title>Etimologia</title>. <pubPlace>Milano</pubPlace>, <date>1947</date>,
                  <biblScope>стр. 117 сл.</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
            <w>stíebas</w>
            <gloss><q>палка</q>, <q>шест</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lv"><lang/>
            <w>stiba</w>
            <gloss><q>прут</q></gloss></mentioned>. На иранской почве нельзя пройти мимо формально
          идентичного <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
            <w>stipti-</w></mentioned>, хотя это слово засвидетельствовано только как название
          какого-то насекомого; быть может, насекомое получило название по своей форме, напоминающей
            <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><w>stipti-</w>
            <gloss><q>штифт</q></gloss></mentioned>. <name>Bailey</name> сближает <oRef/> с
            <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
            <w>styūda</w>
            <gloss><q>твердый</q></gloss></mentioned>, обходя приведенные выше германские факты
              (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._KhT">KhT </ref>
            <biblScope>VI 370—371</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._Sūtra">Sūtra</ref>
            <biblScope>38—39</biblScope></bibl>). — В плане реалий <oRef/>, как и <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7fsonʒ"><w>fsonʒ</w>
            <q>ярмо</q></ref>, относится к группе земледельческих терминов, сближающих скифский с
          европейскими языками.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СЕИ"/>
            <biblScope>11, 133, 143</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
        <etym xml:lang="en">Regularly goes back to <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">staipti-</w> ← <w type="rec">stipti</w></mentioned> and etymologically, by the
          derivation and the meaning, it corresponds to the Germanic group:
            <?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20221107T215226+0300" comment="NB" flag="done"?><mentioned xml:lang="de-x-south"><lang/>
            <w>stefz</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?>, <mentioned xml:lang="nl"><lang/>
            <w>stift</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
            <w>Stift</w>
            <gloss><q>a little shaft</q>, <q>a nail without its head</q>,
            <q>pin</q></gloss></mentioned>. The same etymological group (Indo-European stem
            <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">steip-</w>, <w type="rec">steib-</w>: <note type="bibl"><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
                <biblScope>1015—1016</biblScope></bibl></note></mentioned>) include <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
            <w>spica</w>
            <note xml:lang="en" type="comment">from <w type="rec">stipica</w></note>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Brückner</author>, <title>Archiv für slavische
                  Philologie</title>
                <biblScope>XL 50</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
            <w>stipes</w>
            <gloss><q>stake</q>, <q>pole</q>, <q>stem</q></gloss>, <w>stipula</w>
            <gloss><q>scape</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(for the Latin group see: <bibl><author>Pisani</author>.
                  <title>Etimologia</title>. <pubPlace>Milano</pubPlace>, <date>1947</date>,
                  <biblScope>p. 117 ff.</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
            <w>stíebas</w>
            <gloss><q>stick</q>, <q>pole</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lv"><lang/>
            <w>stiba</w>
            <gloss><q>rod</q></gloss></mentioned>. In the Iranian languages, it is impossible to
          pass by a formally identical <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
            <w>stipti-</w></mentioned>, although this word is attested only as the name of some
          insect; perhaps the insect got its name from its shape resembling <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><w>stipti-</w>
            <gloss><q>pin</q></gloss></mentioned>. <name>Bailey</name> brings <oRef/> closer to
            <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
            <w>styūda</w>
            <gloss><q>hard</q></gloss></mentioned>, avoiding the above German facts (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._KhT">KhT </ref>
            <biblScope>VI 370—371</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._Sūtra">Sūtra</ref>
            <biblScope>38—39</biblScope></bibl>). — As for the culture-specific elements, <oRef/>,
          as well as <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7fsonʒ"><w>fsonʒ</w>
            <q>yoke</q></ref>, belongs to a group of agricultural terms that bring Scythian closer
          to European languages.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СЕИ"/>
            <biblScope>11, 133, 143</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
      </entry>
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