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      <titleStmt>
        <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">syʒ</hi></title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
        Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
          <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
          <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
      </sourceDesc>
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        <rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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    <body>
      <entry xml:id="entry_syʒ" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="russian-questions">
        <form xml:id="form_d3608e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>syʒ</orth></form>
        <form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>siʒæ</orth></form>
        <sense>
          <sense xml:id="sense_d3608e69">
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>зад</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>backside</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
          <sense>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>задняя часть</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>rear end</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
          <sense>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>задница</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>butt</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
          <sense>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>anus</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>anus</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
        </sense>
        <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; эвфемистически <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xorʒon"/></note>
        <note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; euphemistically, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xorʒon"/></note>
        <re>
          <form type="lemma"><orth>fæsyʒ kænyn</orth></form>
          <sense>
            <sense>
              <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
                <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">отступить</q>
              </tr>
              <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
                <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">retreat</q>
              </tr>
            </sense>
            <sense>
              <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                <q>дать задний ход</q>
              </abv:tr>
              <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                <q>back up</q>
              </abv:tr>
            </sense>
            <sense>
              <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                <q>осадить</q>
              </abv:tr>
              <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                <q>besiege</q>
              </abv:tr>
            </sense>
          </sense>
        </re>
        <re>
          <form type="lemma"><orth>syʒmyʒy</orth></form>
          <sense>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">задом наперед</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">back to front</q>
            </tr>
          </sense>
        </re>
        <exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">rūvas lægæty dwarmæ jæ <oRef>syʒyl</oRef>
              badt</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">лиса у входа в пещеру сидела на своей
                заднице</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the fox sat on his buttocks at the entrance to
                the cave</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
              <biblScope>115</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">læppū (mollojæn) aftæ zæǧy: dæ bæxy sygæn
              apʼa kæn... mollo jæ bæxy <oRef>syʒyl</oRef> nyynyxæstī</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">юноша говорит (мулле): поцелуй зад твоей
                лошади... мулла прилип к заду своей лошади</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the young man says (to the mullah): kiss your
                horseʼs butt... the mullah stuck to his horseʼs butt</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОТ"/>
              <biblScope>102—103</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">kæd kʼæssa ū, wæd æj wærdony
                <oRef>syʒyl</oRef> babædt</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">если это мешок, то привяжи его к заду арбы</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">if this is a bag, then tie it to the back of
                the cart</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
              <biblScope>I 82</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">toppy <oRef>syʒ</oRef></quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" rendition="#rend_singlequotes">приклад
                ружья</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" rendition="#rend_singlequotes">gun butt</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Мысост"/>
              <biblScope>114</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">fæ-imæ-læburdta (mistæmæ) ma ʽj raniqwardta;
              mistæ æ <oRef>siʒæj</oRef> fæstæmæ felvæstæj</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">она кинулась на мышь и проглотила ее; мышь
                выскочила обратно из ее зада</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">she rushed at the mouse and swallowed it; the
                mouse popped back out of her ass</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/>
              <biblScope>17<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">13</hi></biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">arti fars æma osi <oRef>siʒæ</oRef> lægi
              æxemæ lasagæ ʽncæ</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">близость к огню (тепло очага) и зад жены влекут
                к себе мужчину</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">proximity to the fire (heat of the hearth) and
                the wifeʼs buttocks attract a man</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_DZ"/>
              <biblScope>288</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
        </exampleGrp>
        <etym xml:lang="ru">Неотделимо от <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <w>sphiǰau</w>
            <note type="comment">(двойств. ч.)</note>
            <gloss><q>ягодицы</q></gloss></mentioned>; звуковое развитие: <c>spiǰ-</c> → <c type="rec">sfiʒ-</c> → <c type="rec">fsiʒ-</c> → <c>siʒ-</c>; ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_syst"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">syst</w>
            <w xml:lang="os-x-digor">sistæ</w></ref> из <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><c>spiš-</c></mentioned>, <w>soj</w>
          <w>sojnæ</w> из <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><c type="rec">spāna-</c></mentioned>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Sidæmon"/> из <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>Spitamāna-</w></mentioned> и др. За пределами арийского ср. <mentioned xml:lang="non"><lang/>
            <w>spik</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
            <w>Speck</w>
            <gloss><q>сало</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>жир</q></gloss></mentioned>. Этимология
          фонетически безупречна, и возражения <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Gershevitch</hi>ʼa
              (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_TPhS"/>
            <biblScope>1969, стр. 195</biblScope></bibl>) неубедительны.<note type="footnote"><hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Gershevitch</hi> полагает, что <mentioned xml:lang="iir"><lang>ар.</lang>
              <c>śv</c></mentioned> дает ос. <c>s</c>, как в древнеперсидском; это утверждение
            опровергается такими общеизвестными примерами, как <mentioned xml:lang="iir"><lang>ар.</lang>
              <c>aśva</c></mentioned> → ос. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æfsæ"><w>æfsæ</w></ref> и
            мн. др.</note> — Ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_syʒæg"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_syʒmyʒy"/>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
            <biblScope>III 157</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/>
            <biblScope>31</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Petersson</author>. <title>Studien
              über die indogermanische Heteroklisie</title>. <pubPlace>Lund</pubPlace>,
              <date>1921</date>, <biblScope xml:lang="ru">стр. 211—212</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Bailey</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_TPhS"/>
            <biblScope xml:lang="ru">1956, стр. 122, прим. 2</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
        <etym xml:lang="en">Inseparable from <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <w>sphiǰau</w>
            <note type="comment">(dual number)</note>
            <gloss><q>buttocks</q></gloss></mentioned>; the phonetic development is: <c>spiǰ-</c> →
            <c type="rec">sfiʒ-</c> → <c type="rec">fsiʒ-</c> → <c>siʒ-</c>; cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_syst"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">syst</w>
            <w xml:lang="os-x-digor">sistæ</w></ref> from <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><c>spiš-</c></mentioned>, <w>soj</w>
          <w>sojnæ</w> from <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><c type="rec">spāna-</c></mentioned>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Sidæmon"/> from <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>Spitamāna-</w></mentioned> etc. Beyond Aryan langauges, cf. <mentioned xml:lang="non"><lang/>
            <w>spik</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
            <w>Speck</w>
            <gloss><q>lard</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>fat</q></gloss></mentioned>. The etymology is
          phonetically flawless, and <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Gershevitch</hi>ʼs objections
              (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_TPhS"/>
            <biblScope>1969, p. 195</biblScope></bibl>) are unconvincing.<note type="footnote"><hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Gershevitch</hi> believes that <mentioned xml:lang="iir"><lang/>
              <c>śv</c></mentioned> yields Ossetic <c>s</c>, like in Old Persian; This statement is
            refuted by such well-known examples as <mentioned xml:lang="iir"><lang/>
              <c>aśva</c></mentioned> → Ossetic <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æfsæ"><w>æfsæ</w></ref> etc.</note> — Cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_syʒæg"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_syʒmyʒy"/>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
            <biblScope>III 157</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/>
            <biblScope>31</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Petersson</author>. <title>Studien
              über die indogermanische Heteroklisie</title>. <pubPlace>Lund</pubPlace>,
              <date>1921</date>, <biblScope xml:lang="en">pp. 211—212</biblScope></bibl>. —
              <bibl><author>Bailey</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_TPhS"/>
            <biblScope xml:lang="en">1956, p. 122, note 2</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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