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            <titleStmt>
                <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kajyn</hi></title>
            </titleStmt>
            <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
    Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
            <sourceDesc>
                <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
                        <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
                        <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
                        <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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        <rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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        <body>
            <entry xml:id="entry_kajyn" xml:lang="os">
                <form xml:id="form_d5252e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>kajyn</orth><form xml:id="form_d5252e68" type="participle"><orth>kajd</orth></form></form>
                <form xml:id="form_d5252e71" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>kajun</orth><form xml:id="form_d5252e73" type="participle"><orth>kajd</orth></form></form>
                <sense xml:id="sense_d5252e76"><sense xml:id="sense_d5252e77"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>трогать</q>
                        </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>to touch</q>
                        </abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d5252e86"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>затрагивать</q>
                        </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>to affect</q>
                        </abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d5252e95"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>потреблять</q>
                        </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>to consume</q>
                        </abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d5252e104"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>наносить ущерб</q>
                        </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>to cause damage</q>
                        </abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d5252e113"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>урывать часть чего-либо</q>
                        </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>to snatch a part of something</q>
                        </abv:tr></sense></sense>
                <abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d5252e123">
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d5252e125">
                        <quote>bafīppajdtoj k˳yrojgæstæ, se ssad syn ḱīdær ʒævgar kæj kajy</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>заметили мельники, что кто-то порядочно трогает (крадет) их муку</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>the millers noticed that someone noticeably touches (steals) their
                                flour</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/><biblScope>IV
                            45</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d5252e144">
                        <quote>aj ta syxagīmæ kajag wyd arænæj</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>а этот частенько затрагивал межу соседа</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>and this (man) often touched his neighbour's border</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>75</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d5252e163">
                        <quote>Sozyryqojæ kæj bakajdtam, ūj jyl baftæd ævdværæj</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>ущерб, какой мы нанесли Созруко, пусть возместится ему всемеро</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>may the damage we caused to Sozruko be repaid to him sevenfold</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭп."/><biblScope>31</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d5252e182">
                        <quote>ægasæj næ cas bakajdta, ūmæj næ fyldær bakajdta mardæj</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>сколько ни нанес он нам потерь (будучи) живым, того больше потерь
                                нанес он нам (будучи) мертвым</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>no matter how much losses he caused us (being) alive, even more
                                losses he caused to us (being) dead</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Нарт._сказ."/><biblScope>263</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d5252e201">
                        <quote>acy bīræǧtæ dyn kæd dæ fos kajdtoj…</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>если эти волки наносили ущерб твоему скоту…</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>if these wolves harmed your cattle…</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/><biblScope>64</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d5252e221" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote>xwærujnagæj beræ næbal kajdta</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>пищи он уже потреблял немного</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>he no longer consumed many food</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Bes._Ka_ke"/><biblScope>3</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d5252e243" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote>xwasʒawtæ æxsævæ sæ kustæj bewræ bakaioncæ</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>косари по ночам выполняли („отхватывали“) значительную часть своей
                                работы</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>mowers at night performed ("grabbed") a significant part of their
                                work</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Bes._Ka_ke"/><biblScope>5</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d5252e265" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote>zujmon boni ci qaræ es, bælccon æxsævæj ku neci bakaja wæd?</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>„зимний день короток („имеет мало силы“), и путнику приходится
                                урывать часть ночи</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>The winter day is short (“has little power”), and the traveler has to
                                snatch a part of the night</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Bes._Ka_ke"/><biblScope>81</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d5252e287">
                        <quote>aftæ ænčonyl næ bakajzynæ ūmæ</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>тронуть его (великана Мукара) не так легко</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>to touch him (the giant Mukar) is not so easy</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/><biblScope>I
                            32</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                </abv:exampleGrp>
                <etym xml:lang="ru">На основе главным образом славяно-балтийских фактов решаемся
                    возвести к иран. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*kah-</hi>, и.е. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*kas-</hi> ‘трогать’, ‘касаться’. Ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5252e351" xml:id="mentioned_d5252e309" xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
                        <w n="0">касати(ся)</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5252e359" xml:id="mentioned_d5252e315" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
                        <w>касаться, коснуться</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5252e367" xml:id="mentioned_d5252e320" xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
                        <w>kásti</w>
                        <gloss><q>копать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5252e375" xml:id="mentioned_d5252e328" xml:lang="lt"><w>kasyti</w>
                        <gloss><q>скрести</q></gloss></mentioned>. Сюда же <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5252e381" xml:id="mentioned_d5252e334" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
                        <w>kaṣati</w>
                        <gloss><q>скребет</q></gloss></mentioned>, если здесь, как полагают, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ṣ</hi>
                    из <hi rendition="#rend_italic">s</hi> под влиянием <hi rendition="#rend_italic">karṣ-</hi> ‘бороздить’ (<bibl/>Uhlenbeck 50). — Значительно
                    употребительнее, чем <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kajyn</hi>, сращение этого глагола с превербом <hi rendition="#rend_italic">а</hi>: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_agajyn"/> ← <hi rendition="#rend_italic">a-kajyn</hi> ← <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*ā-kāh-</hi>) ‘трогать’,
                    ‘затрагивать’.</etym>
                <etym xml:lang="en">On the basis of mainly Slavo-Baltic facts we trace it back to
                    Iranian <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*kah-</hi>, Indo-European <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*kas-</hi> ‘to touch’. Cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5252e309" xml:id="mentioned_d5252e351" xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
                        <w>kasati(sę)</w>
                        <gloss><q>to touch</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5252e315" xml:id="mentioned_d5252e359" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
                        <w>kasatʼsja, kosnutʼsja</w>
                        <gloss><q>to touch</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5252e320" xml:id="mentioned_d5252e367" xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
                        <w>kásti</w>
                        <gloss><q>to dig</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5252e328" xml:id="mentioned_d5252e375" xml:lang="lt"><w>kasyti</w>
                        <gloss><q>to scratch</q></gloss></mentioned>. It is related to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5252e334" xml:id="mentioned_d5252e381" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
                        <w>kaṣati</w>
                        <gloss><q>(s)he is scratching</q></gloss></mentioned> as well, if <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ṣ</hi> is
                    from <hi rendition="#rend_italic">s</hi> in this word under the influence of <hi rendition="#rend_italic">karṣ-</hi> ‘to furrow’
                    (<bibl/>Uhlenbeck 50). — The fusion of <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kajyn</hi> with a preverb <hi rendition="#rend_italic">а</hi> is much
                    more common than <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kajyn</hi> itself: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_agajyn"/> ←
                    <hi rendition="#rend_italic">a-kajyn</hi> ← <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*ā-kāh-</hi>) ‘to touch’, ‘to affect’.</etym>
            </entry>
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