<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
    <teiHeader>
        <fileDesc>
            <titleStmt>
                <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fæjjaw</hi></title>
            </titleStmt>
            <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
    Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
            <sourceDesc>
                <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
                        <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
                        <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
                        <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
            </sourceDesc>
        </fileDesc>
        <encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
    <tagsDecl>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
    </tagsDecl>
</encodingDesc>
    </teiHeader>
    <text>
        <body>
            <entry xml:id="entry_fæjjaw" xml:lang="os">
                <form xml:id="form_d2775e66" type="lemma"><orth>fæjjaw</orth><form xml:id="form_d2775e68" type="variant">(<orth>fijjaw</orth>)</form><form xml:id="form_d2775e72" type="variant">(<orth>fyjjaw</orth>)</form></form>
                <sense xml:id="sense_d2775e77"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                        <q>пастух</q>
                    </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                        <q>herder</q>
                    </abv:tr></sense>
                <abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d2775e87">
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d2775e89">
                        <quote>wælygæs bynxoræj fæjjaw dær ysdæn</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>(поработав) пастухом ягнят, проедающим свое наследство, я стал
                                пастухом овец</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>after working as a shepherd of lambs, eating up my inheritance, I
                                became a shepherd of sheep</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>56</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d2775e108">
                        <quote>xorz fæjjaw ʒæǧæl næ waǧta īw dæ næl fystæj</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>хороший пастух не оставлял без присмотру одного из твоих баранов</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>a good shepherd did not leave one of your rams unattended</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>105</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d2775e127">
                        <quote>fæjjæwttæm kūsærttagmæ ssydtan</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>я поднялся к пастухам, чтобы (достать) овцу на зарез</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>I went up to the shepherds to get a sheep in order to stab it</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/><biblScope>152</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d2775e146" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote>bærgæ niccæǧduj i Wazi fæjjaw æ darǧ xætælæj</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>как заиграет на своей длинной свирели пастух Уаза</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>the shepherd Uaza starts playing on his long pipe</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/><biblScope>81</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d2775e168" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote>raznædæncæ fustæ badænæj, fæjjawguj arf komæj ræjuj</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>шарахнулись овцы с привала, пастуший пес лает из глубокого ущелья</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>the sheep have jumped from the halt, the shepherd dog is barking from
                                a deep ravine</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Bes."/><biblScope>75</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                </abv:exampleGrp>
                <etym xml:lang="ru">Вероятно, заключает <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e444" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e193" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
                        <w>pāy-</w>
                        <gloss><q>охранять</q></gloss></mentioned> и восходит к <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*рауаvan-</hi>; ср.
                        <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e452" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e201" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
                        <w>pā-van</w></mentioned> в <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e457" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e206" xml:lang="peo"><lang/>
                        <w>xsaθra-pāvan-</w>
                        <gloss><q>сатрап</q></gloss></mentioned>. Возможно также, что <hi rendition="#rend_italic">-aw</hi> —
                    вторичный формант, как в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æǧdaw"/> ‘обычай’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wæzzaw"/> ‘тяжелый’. Удвоение <hi rendition="#rend_italic">j</hi> — в результате
                    наращения форманта (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_РОсл."/><biblScope>599</biblScope></bibl>). Ослабление гласного (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">*faj-</hi> —
                    <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fæj-</hi>) при деривации также закономерно (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_РОсл."/><biblScope xml:lang="ru">598
                            сл.</biblScope></bibl>).
                    Глагол <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*pō(у)-</hi>, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">рā(у)</hi> ‘охранять’ и его производные хорошо представлены в
                    индоевропейских языках, в частности в значении ‘пастух’. Приведем только
                    некоторые параллели: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e479" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e228" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
                        <w>pāyīdan: pāy-</w>
                        <gloss><q>стеречь</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e487" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e236" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
                        <w>subān, čūbān</w>
                        <gloss><q>пастух</q></gloss></mentioned><note type="footnote" n="1"> PUT
                        NOTE HERE </note> (из <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fšu-pāna-</hi>, где <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fšu-</hi> ‘овца’, а <hi rendition="#rend_italic">pāna-</hi> от уже
                    известного глагола <hi rendition="#rend_italic">рā(у)-</hi> ‘охранять’), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e497" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e246" xml:lang="oru"><lang/>
                        <w>pōy-</w>
                        <gloss><q>заботиться</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e506" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e255" xml:lang="oru"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>пасти</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e512" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e261" xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
                        <w>pūy-</w>
                        <gloss><q>стеречь</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e520" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e269" xml:lang="oru"><lang/>
                        <w>pay-</w>
                        <gloss><q>пасти</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e528" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e277" xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
                        <w>pōwul: pīāy-</w>
                        <gloss><q>пасти</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e536" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e285" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
                        <w>*pāy- (p'y-)</w>
                        <gloss><q>стеречь</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e544" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e293" xml:lang="sog"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>оберегать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e551" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e300" xml:lang="sog"><w>*pāyāk(pʼyʼk)</w>
                        <gloss><q>оберегающий</q></gloss></mentioned> (согд. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*pōyak</hi> относится к
                    ос. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fæjjaw</hi>, как согд. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*āγδāk</hi> к ос. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">æǧdaw</hi>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e557" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e306" xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
                        <w>pā-, pai-</w>
                        <gloss><q>охранять</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e565" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e314" xml:lang="peo"><lang/>
                        <w>pā-</w>
                        <gloss><q>охранять</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e573" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e322" xml:lang="peo"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>оберегать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e579" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e328" xml:lang="peo"><w>pātuv</w>
                        <gloss><q>пусть оберегает</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e585" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e334" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
                        <w>pā(y)-</w>
                        <gloss><q>стеречь</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e594" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e343" xml:lang="ae"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>охранять</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e600" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e349" xml:lang="ae"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>ограждать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e606" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e355" xml:lang="ae"><w>pāyu-</w>
                        <gloss><q>защитник</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e612" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e361" xml:lang="ae"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>покровитель</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e618" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e367" xml:lang="ae"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>пастырь</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e624" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e373" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
                        <w>pā(y)-</w>
                        <gloss><q>стеречь</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e633" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e382" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>охранять</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e639" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e388" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>присматривать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e645" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e394" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>наблюдать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e651" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e400" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>pāyu-</w>
                        <gloss><q>защитник</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e657" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e406" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>хранитель</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e663" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e412" xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
                        <w>pёmů</w>
                        <gloss><q>пастух</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e672" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e421" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
                        <w>ποιμήν</w>
                        <gloss><q>пастух</q></gloss></mentioned>. Сюда же некоторые относят
                        <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e680" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e429" xml:lang="sla"><lang/>
                        <w n="0">пасти</w></mentioned> и пр. От того же корня <hi rendition="#rend_italic">pā-</hi> на основе значения
                    ‘ограждать’, ‘служить оградой, щитом’ образовалось ос. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fæjnæg"/> ‘доска’.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>56</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
                <etym xml:lang="en">It probably includes <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e193" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e444" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
                        <w>pāy-</w>
                        <gloss><q>guard</q></gloss></mentioned> and traces back to <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*рауаvan-</hi>;
                    cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e201" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e452" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
                        <w>pā-van</w></mentioned> in <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e206" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e457" xml:lang="peo"><lang/>
                        <w>xsaθra-pāvan-</w>
                        <gloss><q>satrap</q></gloss></mentioned>. It is also probable that <hi rendition="#rend_italic">-aw</hi>
                    is a secondary formant, as in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æǧdaw"/> ‘custom’,
                        <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wæzzaw"/> ‘heavy’. The doubling of <hi rendition="#rend_italic">j</hi> is
                    the result of formant augmentation (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_РОсл."/><biblScope>599</biblScope></bibl>). The vowel weakening (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">*faj-</hi> —
                    <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fæj-</hi>) during the derivation is also regular (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_РОсл."/><biblScope xml:lang="en">598 ff.</biblScope></bibl>). The
                    verb <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*pō(у)-</hi>, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">рā(у)</hi> ‘guard’ and its derivatives are well represented in
                    Indo-European languages, particularly, in the meaning ‘shepherd’. Here are some
                    parallels: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e228" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e479" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
                        <w>pāyīdan: pāy-</w>
                        <gloss><q>guard</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e236" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e487" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
                        <w>subān, čūbān</w>
                        <gloss><q>shepherd</q></gloss></mentioned><note type="footnote" n="1"> PUT
                        NOTE HERE </note> (from <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fšu-pāna-</hi>, where <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fšu-</hi> means ‘sheep’, and
                    <hi rendition="#rend_italic">pāna-</hi> is from already familiar verb <hi rendition="#rend_italic">рā(у)-</hi> ‘guard’), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e246" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e497" xml:lang="oru"><lang/>
                        <w>pōy-</w>
                        <gloss><q>заботиться</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e255" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e506" xml:lang="oru"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>herd (v.)</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e261" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e512" xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
                        <w>pūy-</w>
                        <gloss><q>guard</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e269" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e520" xml:lang="oru"><lang/>
                        <w>pay-</w>
                        <gloss><q>herd (v.)</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e277" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e528" xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
                        <w>pōwul: pīāy-</w>
                        <gloss><q>herd (v.)</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e285" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e536" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
                        <w>*pāy- (p'y-)</w>
                        <gloss><q>guard</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e293" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e544" xml:lang="sog"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>protect</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e300" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e551" xml:lang="sog"><w>*pāyāk(pʼyʼk)</w>
                        <gloss><q>protecting</q></gloss></mentioned> (Sogdian <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*pōyak</hi> is related
                    to Ossetic <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fæjjaw</hi>, as Sogdian <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*āγδāk</hi> is related to Ossetic <hi rendition="#rend_italic">æǧdaw</hi>),
                        <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e306" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e557" xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
                        <w>pā-, pai-</w>
                        <gloss><q>guard</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e314" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e565" xml:lang="peo"><lang/>
                        <w>pā-</w>
                        <gloss><q>guard</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e322" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e573" xml:lang="peo"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>protect</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e328" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e579" xml:lang="peo"><w>pātuv</w>
                        <gloss><q>let him protect</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e334" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e585" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
                        <w>pā(y)-</w>
                        <gloss><q>guard</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e343" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e594" xml:lang="ae"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>safeguard</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e349" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e600" xml:lang="ae"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>enclose</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e355" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e606" xml:lang="ae"><w>pāyu-</w>
                        <gloss><q>protector</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e361" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e612" xml:lang="ae"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>patron</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e367" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e618" xml:lang="ae"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>shepherd</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e373" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e624" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
                        <w>pā(y)-</w>
                        <gloss><q>guard</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e382" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e633" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>guard</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e388" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e639" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>look after</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e394" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e645" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>watch</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e400" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e651" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>pāyu-</w>
                        <gloss><q>guardian</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e406" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e657" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>protector</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e412" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e663" xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
                        <w>pёmů</w>
                        <gloss><q>shepherd</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e421" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e672" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
                        <w>ποιμήν</w>
                        <gloss><q>shepherd</q></gloss></mentioned>. Some people also connect it with
                        <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2775e429" xml:id="mentioned_d2775e680" xml:lang="sla"><lang/>
                        <w>pasti</w> <gloss><q>herd</q> (v.)</gloss></mentioned> etc. From the same root <hi rendition="#rend_italic">pā-</hi> the Ossetic
                        <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fæjnæg"/> ‘plank’ was derived on the basis of
                    meanings ‘protect’, ‘serve as a fence, as a shield’.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>56</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
                <note type="footnote" xml:lang="ru" n="1">Отсюда южнорусское <hi rendition="#rend_italic">чабан</hi>
                    ‘пастух’.</note>
                <note type="footnote" xml:lang="en" n="1">Southern Russian <hi rendition="#rend_italic">чабан</hi> ‘shepherd’
                    derives from it.</note>
            </entry>
        </body>
    </text>
</TEI>