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            <titleStmt>
                <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ivar</hi></title>
            </titleStmt>
            <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
    Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
            <sourceDesc>
                <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
                        <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
                        <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
                        <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
            </sourceDesc>
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        <rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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            <entry xml:id="entry_ivar" xml:lang="os">
                <form xml:id="form_d32e66" type="lemma"><orth>ivar</orth></form>
                <sense xml:id="sense_d32e69"><sense xml:id="sense_d32e70"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>запрет</q>
                        </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>prohibition</q>
                        </abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d32e79"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>штраф</q>
                        </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>fine</q>
                        </abv:tr></sense></sense>
                <re xml:id="re_d32e89">
                    <form xml:id="form_d32e91" type="lemma"><orth>ivargond</orth></form>
                    <sense xml:id="sense_d32e94"><sense xml:id="sense_d32e95"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                                <q>запретный</q>
                            </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                                <q>forbidden</q>
                            </abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d32e104"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                                <q>запрещенный</q>
                            </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                                <q>unallowed</q>
                            </abv:tr></sense></sense>
                </re>
                <abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d32e115">
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d32e117">
                        <quote/>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>кто не выедет, тот поплатится <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">ivar</hi>’oм — рабыней (wacajrag) ростом
                                в пять четвертей аршина</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>whoever doesn't leave, they will pay with <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">ivar</hi> — a bondslave
                                (wacajrag) five fourths arshins tall</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/><biblScope>I
                            100</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d32e136" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote>tærxondænttæ kosuncæ, ivar kænuncæ fudginti</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>судьи работают, карают преступников</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>judges work and punish criminals</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_SD"/><biblScope>293%l2</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                </abv:exampleGrp>
                <etym xml:lang="ru">Может быть, восходит к иран. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*vi-vāra-</hi>, где <hi rendition="#rend_italic">vāra</hi> = ос.
                        <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bar"/> ‘право’. Одно из обычных значений
                    приставки <hi rendition="#rend_italic">vi-</hi> — лишение или отсутствие чего-либо, например <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d32e205" xml:id="mentioned_d32e163" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
                        <w>vī-āp-</w>
                        <gloss><q>лишенный воды</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d32e213" xml:id="mentioned_d32e171" xml:lang="ae"><w>vī-urvara-</w>
                        <gloss><q>лишенный растений</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d32e219" xml:id="mentioned_d32e177" xml:lang="ae"><w>vī-jva-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d32e222" xml:id="mentioned_d32e180" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
                        <w>vi-jīvitā-</w>
                        <gloss><q>безжизненный</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d32e231" xml:id="mentioned_d32e189" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>vi-manas-</w>
                        <gloss><q>лишенный рассудка</q></gloss></mentioned> и т. п. Принимая во
                    внимание, что из др.иран. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">vāra-</hi> ‘воля’ развилось в осетинском значение
                    ‘право’ (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_bar"/>), мы можем для <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*vi-vara</hi> →
                    <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ivar</hi> восстановить значение „лишение права“, откуда — ‘запрет’, ‘штраф’. См.
                        <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bar"/>.</etym>
                <etym xml:lang="en">Perhaps it traces back to Iranian <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*vi-vāra-</hi>, where <hi rendition="#rend_italic">vāra</hi>
                    = Ossetic <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bar"/> ‘right’. One of usual meanings of
                    the prefix <hi rendition="#rend_italic">vi-</hi> is the deprivation or the absence of something, e.g.,
                        <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d32e163" xml:id="mentioned_d32e205" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
                        <w>vī-āp-</w>
                        <gloss><q>deprived of water</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d32e171" xml:id="mentioned_d32e213" xml:lang="ae"><w>vī-urvara-</w>
                        <gloss><q>deprived of plants</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d32e177" xml:id="mentioned_d32e219" xml:lang="ae"><w>vī-jva-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d32e180" xml:id="mentioned_d32e222" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
                        <w>vi-jīvitā-</w>
                        <gloss><q>lifeless</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d32e189" xml:id="mentioned_d32e231" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>vi-manas-</w>
                        <gloss><q>insane (deprived of the mind)</q></gloss></mentioned> etc. Taking
                    into attention that the meaning ‘right’ in Ossetic has developed from Old
                    Iranian <hi rendition="#rend_italic">vāra-</hi> ‘will’ (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_bar"/>), the meaning
                    „deprivation of right“ for <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*vi-vara</hi> → <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ivar</hi> can be reconstructed, from
                    which the meanings ‘prohibition’ and ‘fine’ developed. See. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bar"/>.</etym>
            </entry>
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