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      <titleStmt>
        <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">xæzna</hi></title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
    Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
            <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
            <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
      </sourceDesc>
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        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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      <entry xml:id="entry_xæzna" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="russian-questions">
        <form xml:id="form_d5779e66" type="lemma"><orth>xæzna</orth></form>
        <sense>
          <sense xml:id="sense_d5779e69">
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>драгоценность</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>jewel</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
          <sense>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>сокровище</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>treasure</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
          <sense>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>богатство</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>wealth</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
          <sense>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>thesaurus</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>thesaurus</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
        </sense>
        <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">. Так назывались часто хранившиеся в семье ценные вещи,
          унаследованные от предков, например оружие</note>
        <note xml:lang="en" type="comment">. This was often the name of valuable items kept in the
          family, inherited from ancestors, such as weapons</note>
        <exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">fydælty <oRef>xæzna</oRef> næ kʼūlyl
              ænæsærftæj īw fyndtæs azy fælæwwyd</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(доставшееся от) предков сокровище (ружье)
                непротертое провисело лет пятнадцать на стене</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(inherited from) ancestors treasure (gun) hung
                unworn on the wall for fifteen years</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
              <biblScope>96</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">bīræ aziag <oRef>xæznatæ</oRef> syl
              baftyd</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">много азиатских богатств им досталось</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">they got a lot of Asian riches</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
              <biblScope>133</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">īwyl, cydæriddær lasta jæ ḱyræty, aly
              xæcængarzæj, aly <oRef>xæznatæj</oRef>, maxmæ ærxawdtoj</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">все, что он вез в своем обозе, всякое оружие,
                всякие драгоценности, попало к нам</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">everything that he carried in his convoy, all
                the arms, all kinds of jewelry came to us</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
              <biblScope>135</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>xæznatæ</oRef> næm xawy
              wælarvæj</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">богатства падают к нам с неба (о дожде)</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">riches fall to us from the sky (about the
                rain)</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
              <biblScope>127</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">adæm sydæj mardysty, fyccag sæ
                <oRef>xæznatæ</oRef> jæwæj kodtoj: topp..., kard...</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">народ голодал, сперва стали продавать свои
                (семейные) сокровища: ружье, шашку...</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the people were starving, first they began to
                sell their (family) treasures: guns, sabers...</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
              <biblScope>21</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">fos, <oRef>xæzna</oRef> — bīræ</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">скота, богатства (у них) много</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(they) have a lot of livestock, wealth </q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
              <biblScope>33</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">xærz mæg˳yrmæ ærcydysty; ærmæst ma sæm wyd īw
              x˳ym, īw ugærdæn æmæ sæ fydælty <oRef>xæzna</oRef> — tīǧǵyn qyrīmag topp</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">они дошли до полной нищеты; были у них только
                еще одна пашня, один покос и сокровище предков — крымское ружье с граненым дулом</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">they have reached complete poverty; they had
                only one piece of arable land, one mowing and the treasure of their ancestors, a
                Crimean gun with a faceted muzzle</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
              <biblScope>77</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>xæzna</oRef> ū lægæn jæ ūs</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">сокровище для мужчины — его жена</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a manʼs treasure is his wife</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
              <biblScope>83</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">læppūjy ældar xædtūlgæ wærdony sbadyn kodta
              jæ ūsīmæ, bīræ <oRef>xæzna</oRef> syn radta</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">юношу с женой князь усадил на арбу-самокатку,
                дал им много (всякого) богатства</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the prince put the young man and his wife on a
                mechanical arba, gave them a lot of (kinds of) wealth</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОТ"/>
              <biblScope>104</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">cættæ kænūt wæxīcæn. .. ævidigæ
                <oRef>xæznatæ</oRef> wælærvty, x˳ysnæg kædæm næ xæccæ kæny æmæ ræmpæg kæm næ
              xæry</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">приготовляйте себе... сокровища неоскудевающие
                на небесах, куда вор не приближается и моль не съедает</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">provide yourselves... a treasure in the heavens
                that faileth not, where no thief approacheth, neither moth corrupteth</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Лука"/>
              <biblScope><hi rendition="#rend_italic">12</hi> 33</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">fidi limæn fidi <oRef>xæzna</oRef> æj</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">друг отца — это (все равно, что) богатство
                (унаследованное от) отца</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a fatherʼs friend is (like) the wealth
                (inherited from) the father</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_DZ"/>
              <biblScope>127</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">...æ fidi <oRef>xæzna</oRef> — suǧzærīnæ
              xætæl</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">...отцовское сокровище — золотая свирель</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">...fatherʼs treasure — a golden pipe</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭп."/>
              <biblScope>55<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">26—27</hi></biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> — Д. <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>Xæznidon</w>
              <gloss>название реки (приток реки <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"><mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>Iræf</w></mentioned></note><note xml:lang="en" type="comment"><mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>Iræf</w></mentioned></note>)</gloss>, буквально
                  <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">река изобилия</q></gloss></mentioned>. По
            значению и по второй части ср.<mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
              <w>Frazdānu-</w> (из <w type="rec">frād-danu-</w> с ослаблением первого гласного)
                <gloss>название реки в Сакастане</gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
              <w>Hrazdan</w>, <w>Ruzdan</w><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AI"/>
                  <biblScope>VI 6—7</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned></note>
          <note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" type="comment"> — Digor <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>Xæznidon</w>
              <gloss>name of the river (tributary of the river  <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"><mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>Iræf</w></mentioned></note><note xml:lang="en" type="comment"><mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>Iræf</w></mentioned></note>)</gloss>,
              literally  <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">river of
              abundance</q></gloss></mentioned>. Semantically, compare to other items contanng an
            identical second part,  <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
              <w>Frazdānu-</w> (from <w type="rec">frād-danu-</w> with weakening of the first vowel)
                <gloss> name of a river in Sakastan</gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
              <w>Hrazdan</w>, <w>Ruzdan</w><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AI"/>
                  <biblScope>VI 6—7</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned></note>
        </exampleGrp>
        <etym xml:lang="ru">Из <mentioned xml:lang="ar"><lang/>
            <w>xazna</w>, <w>xazina</w>
            <gloss><q>сокровищница</q></gloss></mentioned>. <note type="footnote">Трехсогласный
            корень <mentioned xml:lang="ar"><w>xzn</w>
              <gloss><q>хранить</q></gloss> с приставкой <c>ma-</c></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="ar"><w>maxzan</w></mentioned>) дал <mentioned xml:lang="fr"><lang/>
              <w>magasin</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
              <w>магазин</w></mentioned> и пр.</note> В осетинский слово вошло, скорее всего, через
          тюркское посредство; ср. <mentioned xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
            <w>xazna</w>, <w>qazna</w>, <w>xazina</w>
            <gloss><q>сокровищница</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>казна</q></gloss>,
              <gloss><q>касса</q></gloss><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Радлов"/>
                <biblScope>II 1690; II 385</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Räsänen._Versuch"/>
                <biblScope>II 385</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Clauson"/>
                <biblScope>684</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Jarring"/></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Вошло во многие языки: <mentioned xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
            <w>xäznä</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xcl" extralang="av ka"><lang/>
            <w>xazina</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lbe" extralang="ce"><lang/>
            <w>xazna</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kbd"><lang/>
            <w>x’arzənä</w>
            <note type="comment"> (с появлением <c>r</c> перед <c>z</c>, как в <note type="comment"><mentioned xml:lang="kbd"><w>sarzina</w>
                  <gloss><q>сажень</q></gloss></mentioned></note>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ady"><lang/>
            <w>x’arzәn</w> (с любопытным смещением значения: <gloss><q>исключительный</q></gloss>,
                <gloss><q>прекрасный</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>ценный</q></gloss><note type="bibl">:
                  <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Хатанов_Керашева"/>
                <biblScope>616</biblScope></bibl></note></mentioned>), <mentioned xml:lang="uby"><lang/>
            <w>xazanu</w>
            <gloss><q>tresor</q></gloss><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Vogt"/>
                <biblScope>241</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. В восточноевропейских языках:
            <mentioned xml:lang="ro" extralang="bg sh"><lang/>
            <w>hazna</w></mentioned>, сюда же <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
            <w>казна</w></mentioned>. <mentioned xml:lang="ru-x-dial"><lang/>
            <w>хазина</w>
            <gloss><q>множество</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>масса</q></gloss>,
              <gloss><q>махина</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>огромная вещь</q></gloss></mentioned> — не из
            <mentioned xml:lang="hu"><lang/>
            <w>haz</w>
            <gloss><q>дом</q></gloss><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Vasmer._REW"/>
                <biblScope>III 225</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, а из <mentioned xml:lang="ar"><lang/>
            <w>xazina</w></mentioned> через тюркское посредство (ср.: <bibl>Donatella
              <author>Locchi</author>. <title>R. xazina e i presunti prestiti diretti
              slavo-orientali-protoungheresi</title>.. <title>Euroasiatica</title>
            <biblScope>1975 II 7</biblScope></bibl>). <lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
            <biblScope>133</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/>
            <biblScope>9</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Doerfer"/>
            <biblScope>III 472— 474</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
        <etym xml:lang="en">From <mentioned xml:lang="ar"><lang/>
            <w>xazna</w>, <w>xazina</w>
            <gloss><q>treasury</q></gloss></mentioned>.<note type="footnote">The three-consonant
            root <mentioned xml:lang="ar"><w>xzn</w>
              <gloss><q>keep</q></gloss> with the prefix <c>ma-</c></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="ar"><w>maxzan</w></mentioned>) gave <mentioned xml:lang="fr"><lang/>
              <w>magasin</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
              <w>magazin</w>
              <gloss><q>shop</q></gloss></mentioned> etc.</note> The Ossetic word entered the
          vocabulary, most likely, via the Turkic; cf. <mentioned xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
            <w>xazna</w>, <w>qazna</w>, <w>xazina</w>
            <gloss><q>treasury</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>coffers</q></gloss>,
              <gloss><q>cashbox</q></gloss><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Радлов"/>
                <biblScope>II 1690; II 385</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Räsänen._Versuch"/>
                <biblScope>II 385</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Clauson"/>
                <biblScope>684</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Jarring"/></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. It entered many languages: <mentioned xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
            <w>xäznä</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xcl" extralang="av ka"><lang/>
            <w>xazina</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lbe" extralang="ce"><lang/>
            <w>xazna</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kbd"><lang/>
            <w>x’arzənä</w>
            <note type="comment"> (with <c>r</c> appearing before <c>z</c>, like in <note type="comment"><mentioned xml:lang="kbd"><w>sarzina</w>
                  <gloss><q>fathom</q></gloss></mentioned></note>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ady"><lang/>
            <w>x’arzәn</w> (with an interesting semantic shift: : <gloss><q>exceptional</q></gloss>,
                <gloss><q>beautiful</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>valuable</q></gloss><note type="bibl">:
                  <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Хатанов_Керашева"/>
                <biblScope>616</biblScope></bibl></note></mentioned>), <mentioned xml:lang="uby"><lang/>
            <w>xazanu</w>
            <gloss><q>tresor</q></gloss><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Vogt"/>
                <biblScope>241</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. In East European languages:
            <mentioned xml:lang="ro" extralang="bg sh"><lang/>
            <w>hazna</w></mentioned>, here also <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
            <w>kazna</w>
            <gloss><q>treasury</q></gloss></mentioned>. <mentioned xml:lang="ru-x-dial"><lang/>
            <w>xazina</w>
            <gloss><q>plenty</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>mass</q></gloss>,
            <gloss><q>colossus</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>huge thing</q></gloss></mentioned> — not from
            <mentioned xml:lang="hu"><lang/>
            <w>haz</w>
            <gloss><q>house</q></gloss><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Vasmer._REW"/>
                <biblScope>III 225</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, but from <mentioned xml:lang="ar"><lang/>
            <w>xazina</w></mentioned> through Turkic mediation (cf.: <bibl>Donatella
              <author>Locchi</author>. <title>R. xazina e i presunti prestiti diretti
              slavo-orientali-protoungheresi</title>.. <title>Euroasiatica</title>
            <biblScope>1975 II 7</biblScope></bibl>). <lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
            <biblScope>133</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/>
            <biblScope>9</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Doerfer"/>
            <biblScope>III 472— 474</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
      </entry>
    </body>
  </text>
</TEI>