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      <titleStmt>
        <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Nartæ</hi></title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
    Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
            <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
            <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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      <entry xml:id="entry_Nartæ" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="questions">
        <form xml:id="form_d2467e66" type="lemma"><orth>Nartæ</orth><form xml:id="form_d2467e68" type="variant"><orth>Nart</orth></form></form>
        <sense xml:id="sense_d2467e71"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
            <q>Нарты</q>
          </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
            <q>the Narts</q>
          </abv:tr></sense>
        <sense xml:id="sense_d2467e81"><def xml:lang="ru">общее коллективное наименование героев осетинского эпоса</def><def xml:lang="en">general collective name for heroes of the Nart epics</def></sense>
        <re xml:id="re_d2467e87">
          <form xml:id="form_d2467e89" type="lemma"><orth>nærton</orth></form>
          <sense xml:id="sense_d2467e92"><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">нартовский</q>
            </tr><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Nartish</q>
            </tr></sense>
        </re>
        <exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d2467e105">
          <example xml:id="example_d2467e107">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>Nartæ</oRef> wydysty tyxǵyn
              adæm</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Нарты были мощные люди</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the Narts were a strong people</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
              <biblScope>I 20</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d2467e131">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>Nartæ</oRef> stæry ašydysty</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Нарты отправились за добычей</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the Narts set off for booty</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
              <biblScope>28</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d2467e155">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>Nartæ</oRef> ærzæ æmæ sædæ
              wydysty</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Нартов было тысяча и сто</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the Narts were a thousand and hundred</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
              <biblScope>29</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d2467e179">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">wæ <oRef>Nartæ</oRef>, <oRef>Nartæ</oRef>! ūj
              bæsty k˳y fesæfat wæd xwyzdær ū</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">о Нарты, Нарты! лучше бы вам погибнуть</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">o Narts, Narts! it would be better for you to
                die</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОТ"/>
              <biblScope>71</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d2467e206">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>Nærtæ</oRef> æræmbyrd sty
              Wyryzmægmæ</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Нарты собрались у Урузмага</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the Narts gathered at Uruzmæg’s</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОТ"/>
              <biblScope>72
                <?oxy_comment_start author="irina" timestamp="20220719T132645+0300" comment="NB rus"?>ff<?oxy_comment_end ?>.</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d2467e236">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">bakastysty <oRef>Nartæ</oRef> Syrdony
              kommæ</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">послушались Нарты Сырдона</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the Narts obeyed Syrdon</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОТ"/>
              <biblScope>88</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d2467e261">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æræmbyrd sty īw ranmæ <oRef>Nartæ</oRef> æmæ
              Dereʒantæ</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">собрались в одно место Нарты и Даредзанты</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the Narts and the Daredzans gathered in one
                place</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОТ"/>
              <biblScope>91</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d2467e286">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>Nartæ</oRef> amæ Borætyl fydaz
              yskodta</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Нартов и Боратов постиг тяжелый год</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the Narts and the Borætæ had a hard year</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОТ"/>
              <biblScope>177</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d2467e310">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>Nartæm</oRef> kæj næ zonys, ūšy Batyraz
              dæn æz</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">я — тот Батраз, которого ты не знаешь у
                Нартов</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I am the Batraz whom you do not know among the
                Narts</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОТ"/>
              <biblScope>33</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d2467e334">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Wastyrǵy <oRef>Nartæm</oRef> žūry</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Уастырджи говорит Нартам…</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Wastyrdzhi says to the Narts…</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОТ"/>
              <biblScope>38</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d2467e359">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">razdæxt zærvatykk æmæ <oRef>Nartæm</oRef>
              ærtaxtī</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">вернулась ласточка и прилетела к Нартам</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the swallow returned and flew back to the
                Narts</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОТ"/>
              <biblScope>89</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d2467e385" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">i <oRef>Nartæ</oRef> cælxæmburdæj
              baduncæ</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Нарты сидят кру́гом</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the Narts are sitting in a circle</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
              <biblScope>II 12, 18</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d2467e413" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>Nartæ</oRef> destæ tæmæstæ
              kodtoncæ</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Нарты диву давались</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the Narts were very surprised</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
              <biblScope>12</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d2467e440" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>Nartæ</oRef> kuvdi badtæncæ</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Нарты сидели на пиру</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the Narts sat at a feast</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
              <biblScope>21</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d2467e467" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>Nartæ</oRef> sæ zærond tillæg
              baxwardtoncæ</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Нарты съели свой старый (запас) хлеба</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the Narts ate their old (supply of) bread</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
              <biblScope>35</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d2467e494" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ustur i <oRef>Nartæ</oRef> isfændæ
              kodtoncæ…</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">великие Нарты задумали…</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the great Narts have resolved…</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
              <biblScope>37</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d2467e522" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>Nartæ</oRef> Gori fedar
              basastoncæ</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Нарты сокрушили крепость Гори</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the Narts destroyed the fortress of Gori</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
              <biblScope>50, 52</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d2467e550" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>Nartæ</oRef> ramburd æncæ æma sindbæl
              isxwastæncæ</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Нарты собрались и принялись за танец симд</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the Narts gathered and started dancing the
                    <foreign><ref type="xr" target="#entry_simd">simd</ref></foreign> dance</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
              <biblScope>65</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d2467e581" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>Nartæmæ</oRef> min ǧærgænæg
              fæcco</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">отправляйся к Нартам вестником (о моем
                несчастье)</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">go to the Narts as a messenger (of my
                misfortune)</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
              <biblScope>21</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d2467e608" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æ mard in Xæmic i <oRef>Nartæmæ</oRef>
              islasta</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ее труп Хамиц отвез к Нартам</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Khamits took her body to the Narts</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
              <biblScope>25</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d2467e636" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Soslan <oRef>Nartæmæ</oRef> ærbacudæj</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Сослан пришел к Нартам</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Soslan came to the Narts</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
              <biblScope>65</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
        </exampleGrp>
        <etym xml:lang="ru">Предложено много толкований этого термина. Большинство считает, что он
          связан так или иначе с <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2467e1045" xml:id="mentioned_d2467e668" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
            <w>nar-</w>
            <gloss><q>самец</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>мужчина</q></gloss><note type="bibl">
                  [<bibl><author>Лопатинский</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СМК"/>
                    <biblScope>XXII 3 26</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Bleichsteiner</author>.
                  <title>Das Volk der Alanen</title>. <date>1918</date>, <biblScope>стр.
                  5</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Troubetskoy</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_MSL"/>
                <biblScope>1921 XXII 251— 252</biblScope></bibl>]</note></mentioned> (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">термин Нарт не может быть разъяснен ни на одном из
            северокавказских языков</q>; возводит к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2467e1086" xml:id="mentioned_d2467e707" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
            <w>nartama-</w> мужественнейший</mentioned>, превосх. степени от <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2467e1092" xml:id="mentioned_d2467e713" xml:lang="ira"><w>nar-</w>
            <gloss><q>мужчина</q></gloss></mentioned>). — <bibl><author>Рклицкий</author>. <title>К
              вопросу о нартах и нартовских сказаниях</title>. <pubPlace>Владикавказ</pubPlace>,
              <date>1927</date>, <biblScope>стр. 32—33</biblScope></bibl>. —
              <bibl><author>Meillet</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSL"/>
            <biblScope>1931 XXXI 77 сл</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Dumézil</author>.
              <title>Loki</title>. <date>1947</date>, <biblScope>стр. 170</biblScope></bibl>. —
              <bibl><author>Bailey</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_JRAS"/><biblScope>1953,
              стр. 107 сл</biblScope></bibl>. (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2467e1132" xml:id="mentioned_d2467e753" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">narθra-</w></mentioned>). — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Benveniste._Etudes"/>
            <biblScope>37</biblScope></bibl>]. Этимология, связывающая <oRef>Nartæ</oRef> с
            <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2467e1144" xml:id="mentioned_d2467e765" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
            <w>nar-</w></mentioned>, неприемлема как по семантическим, так и формальным
          соображениям. 1. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2467e1149" xml:id="mentioned_d2467e770" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
            <w>nar-</w></mentioned> сохранилось в осетинском в виде <ref type="xr" target="#entry_næl"><w>næl-</w>
            <gloss><q>самец</q></gloss></ref>; семантика этого слова лежит целиком в половой сфере и
          не содержит даже намека на значения <q>герой</q>, <q>воин</q> и т. п. Думать, что
          параллельно в осетинском существовало это же слово с долгим гласным (<c>nar</c> в
            <oRef>Nartæ</oRef> пришлось бы возводить к <c>nār-</c>, а не <c>nar-</c>) и что это
          слово могло означать <q>богатырь</q>, <q>герой</q> или что-либо подобное, нет никаких
          оснований. 2. Центральной фигурой нартовского эпоса является женщина, Шатана, которая
          выступает как мать народа. Непонятно, как в эпосе с такой ясно выраженной матриархальной
          тенденцией весь народ мог называться <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">мужчинами</q>, не
          говоря уже о полной бесцветности такого наименования. — Как видно из приведенных выше
          текстовых примеров, лучшие и наиболее надежные записи дают в имен. падеже
            <oRef>Nartæ</oRef>, в направ. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2467e1181" xml:id="mentioned_d2467e804" xml:lang="os"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">Nartæm</w>
            <w xml:lang="os-x-digor">Nartæmæ</w></mentioned>. Это означает, что <oRef>Nartæ</oRef> —
          форма мн. ч. (иначе имели бы только формы <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2467e1189" xml:id="mentioned_d2467e813" xml:lang="os"><w>Nart</w></mentioned>
          и <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2467e1192" xml:id="mentioned_d2467e816" xml:lang="os"><w>Nartmæ</w></mentioned>), где <c>t</c> — показатель
          множественности. С другой стороны, <oRef>Nar-tæ</oRef> — plurale tantum: единичный герой
          никогда не называется <hi rendition="#rend_italic">nar</hi>; нельзя сказать <hi rendition="#rend_italic">nar
            <?oxy_comment_start author="Vados" timestamp="20220527T174500+0300" comment="Надо ли здесь поставить звездочку?" id="rm1_jqr_25b" flag="done"?><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20220714T150624+0300" parentID="rm1_jqr_25b" comment="лучше не надо, потому что будет конфликт с реконструкцией" flag="done" mid="2"?>Batraz<?oxy_comment_end mid="2"?><?oxy_comment_end ?></hi>
          или <hi rendition="#rend_italic">nart Batraz</hi>, а только <phr>Narty Batraz</phr>
          <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Батраз (из фамилии) Нартов</q>. Иными словами, термин
            <oRef>Nartæ</oRef> образован по типу других фамильных имен в эпосе и в быту. Как <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Borætæ"><w>Borætæ</w> означает <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">потомки Бора</q></gloss></ref>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2467e1233" xml:id="mentioned_d2467e853" xml:lang="os"><w>Xsærtæggatæ</w> — <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">потомки
                Хсартага</q></gloss></mentioned>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Alægatæ"><w>Alægatæ</w> — <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">потомки
            Алага</q></gloss></ref> (названия трех главных фамилий в эпосе), так <oRef>Nartæ</oRef>
          может означать только <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">потомки Нара</q>. При истолковании
          элемента <c>nar</c> как имени предполагаемого родоначальника Нартов мало убеждает подбор
          наугад созвучных слов из иранских, кавказских или иных языков. Следует в самой эпической
          традиции найти какое-либо указание, чьими детьми мыслились герои эпоса. Такое указание
          имеется. В записанных известным этнографом Кавказа Г. Ф. <name>Чурсиным</name> солярных
          мифах осетин имеется такое утверждение: <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Когда-то у
            солнца были дети, богатыри Нарты</q> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Юго_Осетия"/>
            <biblScope>209</biblScope></bibl>). Такая генеалогия Нартов хорошо согласуется с духом
          эпоса, в котором, в особенности в циклах Сослана и Ацамаза, солнечная мифология занимает
          заметное место. Мы вправе ожидать, что в термине <oRef>Nartæ</oRef>
          <q>дети Нара</q>
          <c>nar</c> должно означать солнце. Это приводит нас к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2467e1273" xml:id="mentioned_d2467e892" xml:lang="mn"><lang/>
            <w>nara</w>
            <gloss><q>солнце</q></gloss></mentioned> как вероятному этимону термина
            <oRef>Nartæ</oRef>. Монгольские влияния в нартовском эпосе твердо установлены.
          Монгольского происхождения имена виднейших героев: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Xæmyc"><w><?oxy_comment_start author="Vados" timestamp="20220527T175509+0300" comment="Это то же самое, что Xæmys?" id="qnl_hqr_25b" flag="done"?><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20220714T150557+0300" parentID="qnl_hqr_25b" comment="да" flag="done" mid="4"?>Xæmic<?oxy_comment_end mid="4"?><?oxy_comment_end ?></w></ref>,
            <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Batraz"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Sajnæg"><w>Sajnæg-<?oxy_comment_start author="Vados" timestamp="20220527T175620+0300" comment="МОжно так оформить? Если это то же самое, что Sajnæg" id="ez2_hqr_25b" flag="done"?><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20220714T150552+0300" parentID="ez2_hqr_25b" comment="да" flag="done" mid="6"?>ældar<?oxy_comment_end mid="6"?><?oxy_comment_end ?></w></ref>.
          Среди аланских певцов могли быть двуязычные, владеющие и аланским и монгольским языками, и
          в этих условиях использование <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2467e1303" xml:id="mentioned_d2467e922" xml:lang="mn"><lang/>
            <w>nara</w></mentioned> в наименовании <oRef>Nar-tæ</oRef>
          <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">дети Солнца</q> было вполне возможно; <c>nar</c> служило
          как бы фольклорным названием солнца в отличие от обиходного (иранского) <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d2467e934" xml:lang="ira"><w>xūr</w> | <w>xor</w></mentioned>. Аналогичную картину находим в
          чувашском (новобулгарском). Обычное название солнца в этом языке <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2467e1321" xml:id="mentioned_d2467e939" xml:lang="cv"><w>xevel</w></mentioned>. Но в фольклоре употребительно заимствованное из <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2467e1326" xml:id="mentioned_d2467e943" xml:lang="mn"><lang/>
            <w>nar</w><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">: <phr>nar pek xĕrlĕ xĕrsem</phr>
              <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">как солнце, красные девушки</q></note></mentioned>;
          ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2467e1336" xml:id="mentioned_d2467e954" xml:lang="cv"><lang/>
            <w>nar-tăvan</w>
            <gloss><q>казан</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2467e1344" xml:id="mentioned_d2467e962" xml:lang="cv"><w>nar-tuɣan</w>
            <gloss><q>святки</q></gloss>, <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">буквально <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">рождение (<w>tăvan</w>, <w>tuγan</w>) солнца
                  (<w>nar</w>)</q></note>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Егоров"/>
                <biblScope>137</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. В монгольском эпосе есть
          герои, имена которых являются производными от <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2467e1371" xml:id="mentioned_d2467e987" xml:lang="mn"><w>nara(n)</w>
            <gloss><q>солнце</q></gloss></mentioned>: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2467e1378" xml:id="mentioned_d2467e993" xml:lang="mn"><w>Naran-xan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2467e1381" xml:id="mentioned_d2467e996" xml:lang="mn"><w>Naran-ulan</w></mentioned> и
          др. Таким образом, слово <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2467e1384" xml:id="mentioned_d2467e1000" xml:lang="mn"><w>nar(a)</w>
            <gloss><q>солнце</q></gloss></mentioned> как фольклорное наименование солнца можно
          рассматривать как монголо-булгаро-аланскую изоглоссу. В пользу некавказского происхождения
          термина <c>nart</c> говорит также отмеченное в сагайском наречии хакасского языка
            <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2467e1392" xml:id="mentioned_d2467e1008" xml:lang="kjh-sghy"><w><?oxy_comment_start author="Vados" timestamp="20220527T180908+0300" comment="указать ли сагайское наречие?" id="ygm_gcs_25b" flag="done"?><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20220714T163703+0300" parentID="ygm_gcs_25b" comment="указал" flag="done" mid="8"?>nartpak<?oxy_comment_end mid="8"?><?oxy_comment_end ?></w>
            <gloss><q>богатырская сказка</q></gloss><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Радлов"/>
                <biblScope>III 651</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Термин <c>nart</c> вместе
          с соответствующими эпическими сказаниями широко распространен у народов Кавказа:
            <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2467e1411" xml:id="mentioned_d2467e1028" xml:lang="kbd" extralang="ab ady av ce dar inh krc-x-balkar krc-x-karachay sva uby"><lang>каб., адыг.,
              убых., абх., балк., карач., чеч., инг., авар., дарг., сван.</lang>
            <w>nart</w></mentioned>.<lb/><bibl><title>Изв. Сев.-Осет. научно-исслед. инст.</title>
            <date>1945</date>
            <biblScope>X 7 88—94</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
        <etym xml:lang="en">Many interpretations of this term have been proposed. Most authors
          assume it is somehow related to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2467e668" xml:id="mentioned_d2467e1045" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
            <w>nar-</w>
            <gloss><q>male</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>man</q></gloss><note type="bibl">
                  [<bibl><author>Lopatinskij</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СМК"/>
                    <biblScope>XXII 3 26</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Bleichsteiner</author>.
                  <title>Das Volk der Alanen</title>. <date>1918</date>, <biblScope>p.
                5</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Troubetskoy</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_MSL"/>
                <biblScope>1921 XXII 251— 252</biblScope></bibl>
            </note></mentioned> (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">the term Nart cannot be explained
            in terms of any North Caucasian language</q>;<!--<note type="footnote"><q
              rendition="#rend_doublequotes">термин Нарт не может быть разъяснен ни на одном из
              северокавказских языков</q></note>--> he derives it from <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2467e707" xml:id="mentioned_d2467e1086" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
            <w>nartama-</w> most valorous</mentioned>, superlative degree of <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2467e713" xml:id="mentioned_d2467e1092" xml:lang="ira"><w>nar-</w>
            <gloss><q>man</q></gloss></mentioned>). — <bibl><author>Rklickij</author>. <title>K
              voprosu o nartax i nartovskix skazanijax</title> [Towards the question of the Narts
            and Nart tales]. <pubPlace>Vladikavkaz</pubPlace>, <date>1927</date>, <biblScope>pp.
              32–33</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Meillet</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSL"/>
            <biblScope>1931 XXXI 77 ff</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Dumézil</author>.
              <title>Loki</title>. <date>1947</date>, <biblScope>p. 170</biblScope></bibl>. —
              <bibl><author>Bailey</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_JRAS"/><biblScope>1953,
              p. 107 ff</biblScope></bibl>. (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2467e753" xml:id="mentioned_d2467e1132" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">narθra-</w></mentioned>). — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Benveniste._Etudes"/>
            <biblScope>37</biblScope></bibl>]. Any etymology that connects <oRef>Nartæ</oRef> to
            <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2467e765" xml:id="mentioned_d2467e1144" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
            <w>nar-</w></mentioned> is unacceptable both semantically and formally. 1. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2467e770" xml:id="mentioned_d2467e1149" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
            <w>nar-</w></mentioned> is preserved in Ossetic in the form <ref type="xr" target="#entry_næl"><w>næl-</w>
            <gloss><q>male</q></gloss></ref>; the semantics of this word is purely sexual and does
          not have any trace of the meaning <q>hero</q>, <q>warrior</q> etc. There is no reason to
          believe that the same root also existed in Ossetic as a parallel form with a long vowel
            (<c>nar</c> in <oRef>Nartæ</oRef> would have to be derived from <c>nār-</c>, not
            <c>nar-</c>) and that it could mean <q>hero</q> or something similar. 2. The central
          figure of the Nart epics is a woman, Satana, who acts as the mother of the nation. It is
          inconceivable how in an epic cycle with such a clearly expressed matriarchal tendency the
          whole nation could be called <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">men</q>, notwithstanding
          the complete insipidity of such a name. — As seen from the corpus examples above, the best
          and most relaible recordings have the nominative form <oRef>Nartæ</oRef>, allative
            <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2467e804" xml:id="mentioned_d2467e1181" xml:lang="os"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">Nartæm</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">Nartæmæ</w></mentioned>. This means that <oRef>Nartæ</oRef> is a plural form
          (otherwise we would only have the forms <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2467e813" xml:id="mentioned_d2467e1189" xml:lang="os"><w>Nart</w></mentioned>
          and <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2467e816" xml:id="mentioned_d2467e1192" xml:lang="os"><w>Nartmæ</w></mentioned>), where <c>t</c> is the plural
          marker. On the other hand, <oRef>Nar-tæ</oRef> is a <foreign>plurale tantum</foreign>: a
          singular hero is never called <hi rendition="#rend_italic">nar</hi>; it is impossible to
          say <phr>nar
            <?oxy_comment_start author="Vados" timestamp="20220527T174500+0300" comment="Надо ли здесь поставить звездочку?" id="rm1_jqr_25b" flag="done"?><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20220714T150624+0300" parentID="rm1_jqr_25b" comment="лучше не надо, потому что будет конфликт с реконструкцией" flag="done" mid="10"?>Batraz<?oxy_comment_end mid="10"?><?oxy_comment_end ?></phr>
          or <phr>nart Batraz</phr>, but only <phr>Narty Batraz</phr>
          <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Batraz of (the clan of) the Narts</q>. In other words,
          the term <oRef>Nartæ</oRef> is based on the model of other clan names in the epics and in
          ordinary life. Like <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Borætæ"><w>Borætæ</w> means <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">descendants of
                <?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20220714T154638+0300" comment="Bor or Boræ?"?>Boræ<?oxy_comment_end ?></q></gloss></ref>,
            <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2467e853" xml:id="mentioned_d2467e1233" xml:lang="os"><w>Xsærtæggatæ</w> — <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">descendants of Xsærtæg</q></gloss></mentioned>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Alægatæ"><w>Alægatæ</w> — <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">descendants of Alæg</q></gloss></ref> (names of the three main clans in the epics),
          so <oRef>Nartæ</oRef> can only mean <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">descendants of
            Nar</q>. If the element <c>nar</c> is interpreted as the name of the supposed progenitor
          of the Narts, a random collection of phonetically similar words from Iranian, Caucasian or
          other languages is hardly convincing. We should rather find some indication of whose
          children the heroes were believed to be in the epic tradition itself. Such an indication
          does exist. In the solar myths of the Ossetians recorded by the well-known ethnographer of
          the Caucasus G. F. <name>Čursin</name> the following statement is found: <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">The sun once had children, the Nart heroes</q><!--<note
            type="footnote"><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Когда-то у солнца были дети, богатыри
              Нарты.</q></note>--> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Юго_Осетия"/>
            <biblScope>209</biblScope></bibl>). Such a genealogy of the Narts corresponds well to
          the spirit of the epics, where, especially in the cycles of Soslan and Atsæmæz, a
          considerable place is occupied by solar mythology. We can therefore expect that in the
          term <oRef>Nartæ</oRef>
          <q>children of Nar</q>
          <c>nar</c> must denote the sun. This leads us to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2467e892" xml:id="mentioned_d2467e1273" xml:lang="mn"><lang/>
            <w>nara</w>
            <gloss><q>sun</q></gloss></mentioned> as the probable etymon of the term
            <oRef>Nartæ</oRef>. Mongolic influences in the Nart epics are well-established. Names of
          some of the major heroes have Mongolian origins: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Xæmyc"><w><?oxy_comment_start author="Vados" timestamp="20220527T175509+0300" comment="Это то же самое, что Xæmys?" id="qnl_hqr_25b" flag="done"?><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20220714T150557+0300" parentID="qnl_hqr_25b" comment="да" flag="done" mid="13"?>Xæmic<?oxy_comment_end mid="13"?><?oxy_comment_end ?></w></ref>,
            <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Batraz"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Sajnæg"><w>Sajnæg-<?oxy_comment_start author="Vados" timestamp="20220527T175620+0300" comment="МОжно так оформить? Если это то же самое, что Sajnæg" id="ez2_hqr_25b" flag="done"?><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20220714T150552+0300" parentID="ez2_hqr_25b" comment="да" flag="done" mid="15"?>ældar<?oxy_comment_end mid="15"?><?oxy_comment_end ?></w></ref>.
          Some of the Alanic bards could have been bilingual, speaking both Alanic and Mongolian,
          and in these circumstances the use of <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2467e922" xml:id="mentioned_d2467e1303" xml:lang="mn"><lang/>
            <w>nara</w></mentioned> in the name <oRef>Nar-tæ</oRef>
          <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">children of the Son</q> was quite possible; <c>nar</c>
          served as a kind of folklore name of the sun, as opposed to the common (Iranian) name <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xūr"><w>xūr</w> | <w>xor</w></ref>. A similar situation is
          found in Chuvash (New Bulgar). The common name of the son in this language is <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2467e939" xml:id="mentioned_d2467e1321" xml:lang="cv"><w>xevel</w></mentioned>. But folklore employs the <lang>Mongolian</lang>
          loanword <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2467e943" xml:id="mentioned_d2467e1326" xml:lang="mn"><w>nar</w><note xml:lang="en" type="comment">: <phr>nar
                pek xĕrlĕ xĕrsem</phr>
              <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">girls red as the sun</q></note></mentioned>; cf.
              <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d2467e1335"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2467e954" xml:id="mentioned_d2467e1336" xml:lang="cv"><lang/>
              <w>nar-tăvan</w>
              <gloss><q>cauldron</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2467e962" xml:id="mentioned_d2467e1344" xml:lang="cv"><w>nar-tuɣan</w>
              <gloss><q>Christmastide</q></gloss></mentioned>, <note xml:lang="en" type="comment">literally <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">birth (<mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d2467e1354" xml:lang="cv"><w>tăvan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d2467e1357" xml:lang="cv"><w>tuɣan</w></mentioned>) of
                the sun (<w>nar</w>)</q></note>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Егоров"/>
                <biblScope>137</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. In the Mongolian epics there
          are heroes whose names are derived from <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2467e987" xml:id="mentioned_d2467e1371" xml:lang="mn"><w>nara(n)</w>
            <gloss><q>sun</q></gloss></mentioned>: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2467e993" xml:id="mentioned_d2467e1378" xml:lang="mn"><w>Naran-xan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2467e996" xml:id="mentioned_d2467e1381" xml:lang="mn"><w>Naran-ulan</w></mentioned>
          etc. Hence, the word <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2467e1000" xml:id="mentioned_d2467e1384" xml:lang="mn"><w>nar(a)</w>
            <gloss><q>sun</q></gloss></mentioned> as the folklore name of the sun can be viewed as a
          Mongol-Bulgar-Alanic isogloss. Also in favour of the non-Caucasian origin of the term
            <c>nart</c> is the word <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2467e1008" xml:id="mentioned_d2467e1392" xml:lang="kjh-sghy"><w><?oxy_comment_start author="Vados" timestamp="20220527T180908+0300" comment="указать ли сагайское наречие?"?>nartpak<?oxy_comment_end ?></w>
            <gloss><q>heroic tale</q></gloss><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Радлов"/>
                <biblScope>III 651</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. The term <c>nart</c>
          together with the corresponding epic tales is widespread among the Caucasian peoples:
            <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2467e1028" xml:id="mentioned_d2467e1411" xml:lang="kbd" extralang="ab ady av ce dar inh krc-x-balkar krc-x-karachay sva uby"><lang>Kabardian,
              Adyghe, Ubykh, Abkhaz, Balkar, Karachay, Chechen, Ingush, Avar, Dargwa, Svan</lang>
            <w>nart</w></mentioned>.<lb/><bibl><title>Izvestija Severo-Osetinskogo
              naučno-issledovatelʼskogo instituta</title> [Working Papers of the North Ossetian
            Research Institute] <date>1945</date>
            <biblScope>X 7 88–94</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
      </entry>
    </body>
  </text>
</TEI>