<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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      <titleStmt>
        <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*zær(æ)</hi></title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
        Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
          <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
          <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
    <encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
      <tagsDecl>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
      </tagsDecl>
    </encodingDesc>
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  <text>
    <body>
      <entry xml:id="entry_8zær6æ9" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
        <form xml:id="form_d4673e66" type="lemma"><orth>*zær(æ)</orth></form>
        <sense>
          <sense xml:id="sense_d4673e69">
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>зеленый</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>green</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
          <sense>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>зелень</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>greenery</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
          <sense>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>трава</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>grass</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
        </sense>
        <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">. Самостоятельно не сохранилось, но с уверенностью
          восстанавливается на основании таких слов как <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zæræston"><w>zæræston</w>
            <gloss><q>заросшая травой незасеянная пашня</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zærīdaw"><w>zærīdaw</w>
            <gloss><q>оставленный нескошенным покос</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zældæ"><w>zældæ</w>
            <gloss><q>молодая трава</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mæzæræw"><w>mæzæræw</w>
            <gloss><q>название съедобного растения</q></gloss></ref>. Со временем <oRef type="rec">*zær(æ)</oRef>
          <q>трава</q> в самостоятельном употреблении было вытеснено словом <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kærdæg"/>, где выступает на первый план не эстетический момент (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">зеленый</q>
          <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">зелень</q>), а хозяйственный: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kærdæg"><w>kærdæg</w>
            <gloss><q>трава</q></gloss></ref> — от <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kærdyn"><w>kærdyn</w>
            <gloss><q>косить</q></gloss></ref>, <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">то, что подлежит
            кошению</q></note>
        <note xml:lang="en" type="comment">. It has not been
          <?oxy_comment_start author="irina" timestamp="20230711T100302+0300" comment="?"?>preserved<?oxy_comment_end ?>
          independently, but it can be reconstructed with confidence on the basis of words such as
            <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zæræston"><w>zæræston</w>
            <gloss><q>overgrown with grass , unseeded arable land</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zærīdaw"><w>zærīdaw</w>
            <gloss><q>mowing left uncut</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zældæ"><w>zældæ</w>
            <gloss><q>young grass</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mæzæræw"><w>mæzæræw</w>
            <gloss><q>name of the edible plant</q></gloss></ref>. Over time <oRef type="rec">*zær(æ)</oRef>
          <q>grass</q> in independent use was replaced by <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kærdæg"/>,
          where it is not the aesthetic moment comes to the fore (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">greeb</q>
          <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">greenery</q>), but the household one: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kærdæg"><w>kærdæg</w>
            <gloss><q>grass</q></gloss></ref> is from <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kærdyn"><w>kærdyn</w>
            <gloss><q>mow</q></gloss></ref>, <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">what needs to be
            mowed</q></note>
        <etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">zar-</w></mentioned>, индоевропейская база <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">ǵhel-</w>
            <gloss><q>желтый</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>зеленый</q></gloss></mentioned>. К
          соответствиям, приведенным под <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zældæ"/>, можно добавить:
            <mentioned xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
            <w>zar-γūn</w>
            <gloss><q>зеленый</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>свежий</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">zar-</w> (<w>zr-</w>) <gloss><q>зеленый</q></gloss></mentioned>,
            <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><w type="rec">zēr-</w> (<w>zyr-</w>)
              <gloss><q>желтый</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><w type="rec">zar-γōn</w> (<w>zrγwn</w>) <gloss><q>зелень</q></gloss>,
            <gloss><q>овощи</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xco"><lang/>
            <w>zrγwnk</w>
            <gloss><q>зелень</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
            <w>ysarū-</w>
            <note type="comment">(= <w>zarū-</w>)</note>, <w>ysarūna-</w>
            <gloss><q>желтый</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._Saka_Dictionary"/>
                <biblScope>347</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
              <w>zairi-</w>
              <gloss><q>желтый</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
              <w>hari-</w>
              <gloss><q>желтый</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>зеленоватый</q></gloss></mentioned>,
              <mentioned xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
              <w>zelje</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
              <w>žalias</w>
              <gloss><q>зеленый</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
                <w>žole</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lv"><lang/>
                <w>žâle</w></mentioned>
              <gloss><q>трава</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
              <w>želvas</w>
              <gloss><q>зеленоватый</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="gem-x-old"><lang/>
                <w type="rec">gelwo-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
                <w>gelb</w></mentioned>
              <gloss><q>желтый</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
                <w>helvus</w>
                <gloss><q>янтарно-желтый</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="la"><w>holus</w>
                <gloss><q>зелень</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>овощи</q></gloss></mentioned></mentioned>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
                <biblScope>429–433</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>.<note type="footnote"><mentioned xml:lang="peo"><lang>Др.перс.</lang>
              <w>asā dāruva</w></mentioned> мы понимаем не как <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">камень-дерево</q> (невероятно, чтобы в одной и той же надписи камень носил два разных
            названия — <mentioned xml:lang="peo"><w>aθanga-</w></mentioned> и <mentioned xml:lang="peo"><w>asan-</w></mentioned>), а как <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">желтая (<mentioned xml:lang="peo"><w>dāruva-</w></mentioned>) медь (<mentioned xml:lang="peo"><w>asā</w>
                <gloss>название Кипра</gloss>
                <note type="comment">→ медь</note></mentioned> )</q>. <mentioned xml:lang="peo"><lang>Др.перс.</lang>
              <w>dāruva</w></mentioned> отражает <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><lang>общеиран.</lang>
              <w type="rec">zārwa-</w></mentioned>, что соответствует точно <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
              <w>želvas</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="gem"><lang/>
              <w type="rec">gelwo</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
              <w>helvus</w></mentioned>. Ср. по образованию <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
              <w>žal-varis</w>
              <gloss><q>желтая медь</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>бронза</q></gloss></mentioned>.</note> —
          Из скифо-сарматского идет, вероятно, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
            <w>заря</w>
            <gloss><q>трава</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Vasmer._REW"/>
                <biblScope>I 444: <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Dunkel</q></biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. — См. еще <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zæræston"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zærīdaw"><w>zæridaw</w></ref>,
            <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mæzæræw"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zældæ"/>, а
          также <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zærīn"><w>zærīn</w>
            <gloss><q>золото</q></gloss></ref>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
            <biblScope>597 сл.</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ВЯ"/>
            <biblScope>1983 IV 81</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
        <etym xml:lang="en">Goes back to <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">zar-</w></mentioned>, the Indo-European base <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">ǵhel-</w>
            <gloss><q>yellow</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>green</q></gloss></mentioned>. To the
          correspondences given under the word <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zældæ"/>, one can add:
            <mentioned xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
            <w>zar-γūn</w>
            <gloss><q>green</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>fresh</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">zar-</w> (<w>zr-</w>) <gloss><q>green</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><w type="rec">zēr-</w> (<w>zyr-</w>)
            <gloss><q>yellow</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><w type="rec">zar-γōn</w> (<w>zrγwn</w>) <gloss><q>greenery</q></gloss>,
              <gloss><q>vegetables</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xco"><lang/>
            <w>zrγwnk</w>
            <gloss><q>greenery</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
            <w>ysarū-</w>
            <note type="comment">(= <w>zarū-</w>)</note>, <w>ysarūna-</w>
            <gloss><q>yellow</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._Saka_Dictionary"/>
                <biblScope>347</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
              <w>zairi-</w>
              <gloss><q>yellow</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
              <w>hari-</w>
              <gloss><q>yellow</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>greenish</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
              <w>zelje</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
              <w>žalias</w>
              <gloss><q>green</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
                <w>žole</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lv"><lang/>
                <w>žâle</w></mentioned>
              <gloss><q>grass</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
              <w>želvas</w>
              <gloss><q>greenish</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="gem-x-old"><lang/>
                <w type="rec">gelwo-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
                <w>gelb</w></mentioned>
              <gloss><q>yellow</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
                <w>helvus</w>
                <gloss><q>amber yellow</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="la"><w>holus</w>
                <gloss><q>greenery</q></gloss>,
              <gloss><q>vegetables</q></gloss></mentioned></mentioned>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
                <biblScope>429–433</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>.<note type="footnote"><mentioned xml:lang="peo"><lang/>
              <w>asā dāruva</w></mentioned> we understand not as <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">stone-wood</q> (it is unbelievable that in the same inscription the stone had two
            different names – <mentioned xml:lang="peo"><w>aθanga-</w></mentioned> and <mentioned xml:lang="peo"><w>asan-</w></mentioned>), but as <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">yellow (<mentioned xml:lang="peo"><w>dāruva-</w></mentioned>) copper (<mentioned xml:lang="peo"><w>asā</w>
                <gloss>name of Cyprus</gloss>
                <note type="comment">→ copper</note></mentioned> )</q>. <mentioned xml:lang="peo"><lang/>
              <w>dāruva</w></mentioned> reflects <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
              <w type="rec">zārwa-</w></mentioned>, which exactly corresponds to <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
              <w>želvas</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="gem"><lang/>
              <w type="rec">gelwo</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
              <w>helvus</w></mentioned>. Cf. by derivation <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
              <w>žal-varis</w>
              <gloss><q>yellow copper</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>bronze</q></gloss></mentioned>.</note>
          — From Scythian-Sarmatian there is probably <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
            <w>zarja</w>
            <gloss><q>grass</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Vasmer._REW"/>
                <biblScope>I 444: <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Dunkel</q></biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. — See also <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zæræston"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zærīdaw"><w>zæridaw</w></ref>,
            <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mæzæræw"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zældæ"/>, and
          also <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zærīn"><w>zærīn</w>
            <gloss><q>gold</q></gloss></ref>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
            <biblScope>597 ff.</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ВЯ"/>
            <biblScope>1983 IV 81</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
      </entry>
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