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      <titleStmt>
        <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">wældwan</hi></title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
    Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
            <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
            <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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      <entry xml:id="entry_wældwan" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="complete">
        <form xml:id="form_d3514e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>wældwan</orth></form>
        <form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>wældawæn</orth></form>
        <sense xml:id="sense_d3514e69">
          <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
            <q>верхняя перекладина саней</q>
          </abv:tr>
          <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
            <q>upper crossbeam of a sled</q>
          </abv:tr>
        </sense>
        <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> их бывает четыре: две поперечные, передняя и задняя
            (<mentioned xml:lang="os-x-iron"><phr>razzag wældwan</phr></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="os-x-iron"><phr>fæstag wældwan</phr></mentioned>), и две продольные
            (<mentioned xml:lang="os-x-iron"><w>færswældwættæ</w></mentioned>) <bibl>(<ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
            <date>1967 </date>
            <biblScope>V 66</biblScope>)</bibl>.</note>
        <note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> there are four of them: two transverse, the front and
          the back one (<mentioned xml:lang="os-x-iron"><phr>razzag wældwan</phr></mentioned>,
            <mentioned xml:lang="os-x-iron"><phr>fæstag wældwan</phr></mentioned>), and two
          lengthwise (<mentioned xml:lang="os-x-iron"><w>færswældwættæ</w></mentioned>) <bibl>(<ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
            <date>1967 </date>
            <biblScope>V 66</biblScope>)</bibl>.</note>
        <abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d3514e75">
          <abv:example xml:id="example_d3514e77">
            <quote>ʒonyǧæn… jæ fæstag galīw kʼax sast, <oRef>wældwættæj</oRef> dywwæ æftyd</quote>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>у саней задняя левая ножка сломана, из перекладин две вынуты</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>the back left leg of the sled is broken, from among the crossbeams two are taken
                out</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
              <date>1957</date>
              <biblScope>I 8</biblScope></bibl>
          </abv:example>
        </abv:exampleGrp>
        <etym xml:lang="ru">В первой части — <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wæl-"><w>wæl-</w>
            <gloss><q>верх</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>верхний</q></gloss></ref>. Вторая часть, <w xml:lang="os-x-iron">-dwan</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">-dawæn</w>, отдельно не
          употребляется. Представляет, очевидно, отглагольное образование на <mentioned xml:lang="os"><m>-æn</m></mentioned> со значением орудия <bibl>(<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ГО"/>
            <biblScope>§ 170 <hi>I 1</hi></biblScope>)</bibl>. Восстанавливаемая бава <w type="rec">daw-</w> могла иметь значение <gloss><q>скреплять</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>стягивать</q>
            (веревкой или жердью)</gloss>. Ср. в этом случае германскую группу: <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang>нем.</lang>
            <w>Tau</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="en"><lang/>
            <w>tow</w>
            <gloss><q>канат</q></gloss></mentioned> и, далее, <mentioned xml:lang="got"><lang>гот.</lang>
            <w>tiuhan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
            <w>ziehen</w>
            <gloss><q>тянуть</q></gloss></mentioned> и пр. <bibl>(<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Falk-Torp"/>
            <biblScope>II 1267</biblScope>)</bibl>. Параллельная форма <oRef>wæltwan</oRef>
          <note type="comment">(см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wæltaw"/>)</note> говорит о том,
          что мы имеем дело со скифо-германской изоглоссой. По буквальному значению
            <oRef>wældwan</oRef> соответствовало бы примерно <mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
            <w>superfixus</w></mentioned>. </etym>
        <etym xml:lang="en">In the first part, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wæl-"><w>wæl-</w>
            <gloss><q>top</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>upper</q></gloss></ref>. The second part, <w xml:lang="os-x-iron">-dwan</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">-dawæn</w>, is not used on its
          own. It is obviously a deverbal derivate in <mentioned xml:lang="os"><m>-æn</m></mentioned> with instrumental meaning <bibl>(<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ГО"/>
            <biblScope>§ 170 <hi>I 1</hi></biblScope>)</bibl>. The reconstructed stem <w type="rec">daw-</w> could mean <gloss><q>fasten</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>tie up</q> (with a rope or
            pole)</gloss>. Cf. in this case Germanic: <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
            <w>Tau</w>
            <gloss><q>tow</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="en"><lang/>
            <w>tow</w></mentioned> and, further, <mentioned xml:lang="got"><lang/>
            <w>tiuhan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
            <w>ziehen</w>
            <gloss><q>pull</q></gloss></mentioned> etc. <bibl>(<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Falk-Torp"/>
            <biblScope>II 1267</biblScope>)</bibl>. The parallel form <oRef>wæltwan</oRef>
          <note type="comment">(see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wæltaw"/>)</note> indicates that
          we are dealing with a Scythian-Germanic isogloss. In literal meaning <oRef>wældwan</oRef>
          would approximately correspond to <mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
            <w>superfixus</w></mentioned>. </etym>
      </entry>
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