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            <titleStmt>
                <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ævast</hi></title>
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            <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
    Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
            <sourceDesc>
                <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
                        <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
                        <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
                        <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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            <entry xml:id="entry_ævast" xml:lang="os">
                <form xml:id="form_d1860e66" type="lemma"><orth>ævast</orth></form>
                <sense xml:id="sense_d1860e69"><sense xml:id="sense_d1860e70"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>самовольный</q>
                        </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>self-willed</q>
                        </abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d1860e79"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>внезапный</q>
                        </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>sudden</q>
                        </abv:tr></sense></sense>
                <re xml:id="re_d1860e89">
                    <form xml:id="form_d1860e91" type="lemma"><orth>ævastæj</orth></form>
                    <sense xml:id="sense_d1860e94"><sense xml:id="sense_d1860e95"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                                <q>самовольно</q>
                            </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                                <q>willfully</q>
                            </abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d1860e104"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                                <q>без спроса</q>
                            </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                                <q>without permission</q>
                            </abv:tr></sense></sense>
                </re>
                <abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d1860e115">
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d1860e117">
                        <quote>jæ mady ævastæj donmæ acyd</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>не спросzсь матери, он пошел на речку</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>he went to the river without asking his mother</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d1860e132">
                        <quote>k˳yd bawændydtæ mæ bæxyl badyn me ʽvastæj?</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>как ты осмелился сесть на мою лошадь без моего спроса?</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>how did you dare to sit on my horse without my permission?</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Kæfq."/><biblScope>1932 III—IV
                                10</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d1860e151">
                        <quote>x˳ycæwy ævast mælæt k˳y næ īs</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>без божьего соизволения нет смерти</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>there is no death without God's permission</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Munk."/><biblScope>174</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d1860e170">
                        <quote>ældary ævastæj læg ūs næ xasta, ḱyzg ḱynʒy</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>без разрешения алдара (князя) мужчина не женился, девушка не выходила
                                замуж</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>no man, no girl got married without aldar's (prince's) permission</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/><biblScope>10</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d1860e189">
                        <quote>ævast bīræ adæm æræmbyrd k˳yvddonæj</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>неслыханно много народа собралось на богомолье</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>unprecedentedly many people gathered on a pilgrimage</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/><biblScope>128</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d1860e209" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote>Qara Aslambeg ævast fæggæpp kodta</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>Кара Асламбег мгновенно вскочил</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>Qara Aslarnbeg immediately jumped up</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/><biblScope>2</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d1860e231" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote>dungæ kænun rajdædta ævast. … ævast sæx-sæxæj ærkaldta
                            warun</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>внезапно подул ветер. … внезапно потоками полил дождь</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>suddenly the wind blowed. … suddenly, a heavy rain begun</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_AK"/><biblScope>II 4,
                            5</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d1860e253" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote>ræwes ku nizzajuj, wæd ævast idardmæ rawajuj</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>когда козуля родит, она стремительно отбегает подальше“</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>when a roe gives birth, it runs away headlong</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/><biblScope>60</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d1860e275" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote>ævast isʒæbæx uj</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>„(скот) быстро выздоравливает</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>(cattle) heals fast</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/><biblScope>II
                            172</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d1860e297" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote>fæcæncæ leʒunmæ ævast</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>кинулись бежать поспешно</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>[they] rushed away hastly</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Bes."/><biblScope>71</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d1860e319" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote>xestær osæ ævast festʼalytæj</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>старшая женщина внезапно вздрогнула</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>the older woman gave a sudden shudder</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/><biblScope>29%l6%l</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d1860e342">
                        <quote>ævast xūry rūxsaw ysrūxs jæ zærdæ</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>вдруг как солнце просияло в его душе</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>sudenly the sun shone in his soul</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Qazaq"/><biblScope>116</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                </abv:exampleGrp>
                <etym xml:lang="ru">Из<hi rendition="#rend_italic"> æ-fast</hi>; ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1860e399" xml:id="mentioned_d1860e364" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
                        <w>fast</w>
                        <gloss><q>совет</q></gloss></mentioned>, ‘спрос’ и негативная частица <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æ-"/>. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fast"/> — из
                    <hi rendition="#rend_italic">farst</hi> ‘спрос’ от <ref type="xr" target="#entry_færsyn"/> ‘спрашивать’; для
                    выпадения <hi rendition="#rend_italic">r</hi> ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_baz"/> ‘подушка’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xwyzdær"/> ‘лучше’ и др. Ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1860e418" xml:id="mentioned_d1860e383" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
                        <w>xevast</w>
                        <gloss><q>своенравный</q></gloss></mentioned>. См. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fast"/> и <ref type="xr" target="#entry_færsyn"/>.</etym>
                <etym xml:lang="en">From <hi rendition="#rend_italic"> æ-fast</hi>; compare <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1860e364" xml:id="mentioned_d1860e399" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
                        <w>fast</w>
                        <gloss><q>advice</q></gloss></mentioned>, ‘demand’ and the negative particle
                        <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æ-"/>. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fast"/>
                    derives from <hi rendition="#rend_italic">farst</hi> ‘demand’ from <ref type="xr" target="#entry_færsyn"/> ‘to
                    ask’; for the loss of <hi rendition="#rend_italic">r</hi> compare <ref type="xr" target="#entry_baz"/>
                    ‘pillow’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xwyzdær"/> ‘better’ etc. Compare
                        <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1860e383" xml:id="mentioned_d1860e418" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
                        <w>xevast</w>
                        <gloss><q>wilful</q></gloss></mentioned>. See <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fast"/> and <ref type="xr" target="#entry_færsyn"/>.</etym>
            </entry>
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