<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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        <fileDesc>
            <titleStmt>
                <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kʼūs</hi></title>
            </titleStmt>
            <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
    Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
            <sourceDesc>
                <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
                        <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
                        <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
                        <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
            </sourceDesc>
        </fileDesc>
        <encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
    <tagsDecl>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
    </tagsDecl>
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    </teiHeader>
    <text>
        <body>
            <entry xml:id="entry_kʼūs" xml:lang="os">
                <form xml:id="form_d2871e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>kʼūs</orth></form>
                <form xml:id="form_d2871e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>kʼos</orth></form>
                <sense xml:id="sense_d2871e72"><sense xml:id="sense_d2871e73"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>миска</q>
                        </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>bowl</q>
                        </abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d2871e82"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>чашка</q>
                        </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>cup</q>
                        </abv:tr></sense></sense>
                <abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d2871e92">
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d2871e94">
                        <quote>byrk˳y ax˳ypp kodta īw kʼūsaw</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>он выпил большой кувшин (вина), как одну чашку</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>he drank a large jug (of wine) like one cup</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/><biblScope>III
                            20</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d2871e113">
                        <quote>kʼūsy mīdæg yn don aværdta</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>дала ей в миске воды</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>(she) gave her water in a bowl</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/><biblScope>51</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d2871e132" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote>kʼostæ ba sæmæ ewguræj es duwwæ</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>мисок у них всего две</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>they have only two bowls</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_SD"/><biblScope>255%l3%l</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d2871e154" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote>dutænon kʼosin dala-fændur</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>двухструнная сделанная из чаши волосяная балалайка</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>balalaika with two hairs as strings made from a bowl</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_SD"/><biblScope>292%l2%l</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                </abv:exampleGrp>
                <etym xml:lang="ru">Вс. <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Миллер</hi>, сближавший это слово с <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2871e408" xml:id="mentioned_d2871e179" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
                        <w>koša-</w>
                        <gloss><q>кадка</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2871e416" xml:id="mentioned_d2871e187" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>чан</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>II 70</biblScope></bibl>),
                    позднее отказался от этой этимологии и стал думать о заимствовании из кавказских
                    языков (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2871e426" xml:id="mentioned_d2871e197" xml:lang="bbl"><lang/>
                        <w>k’os</w>
                        <gloss><q>сосуд</q></gloss></mentioned>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/><biblScope>10, 27</biblScope></bibl>).
                    Действительно, сопоставление с <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2871e439" xml:id="mentioned_d2871e210" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
                        <w>koša-</w></mentioned> не решает вопроса о происхождении этого слова как в
                    силу наличия смычно-гортанного <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kʼ</hi> в осетинском, так и потому, что близкие по
                    значению и звучанию слова имеются во многих языках, с которыми соседили или
                    могли соседить осетины: тюркских — <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2871e444" xml:id="mentioned_d2871e215" xml:lang="alt"><lang/>
                        <w>köš</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2871e449" xml:id="mentioned_d2871e220" xml:lang="sah"><lang/>
                        <w>küös</w>
                        <gloss><q>горшок</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2871e457" xml:id="mentioned_d2871e228" xml:lang="sah"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>чашка</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2871e463" xml:id="mentioned_d2871e234" xml:lang="ug-x-kashgar"><lang/>
                        <w>közä-</w></mentioned>, угро-финских — <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2871e468" xml:id="mentioned_d2871e239" xml:lang="mns" dialect="mns"><lang/>
                        <w>küs</w>
                        <gloss><q>ковш</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_FUF"/><biblScope>XVIII 171</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2871e481" xml:id="mentioned_d2871e252" xml:lang="fi"><lang/>
                        <w>kousa</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2871e486" xml:id="mentioned_d2871e257" xml:lang="et"><lang/>
                        <w>kaus</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2871e491" xml:id="mentioned_d2871e262" xml:lang="liv"><lang/>
                        <w>kouš</w>
                        <gloss><q>миска</q></gloss></mentioned>; кавказских — <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2871e499" xml:id="mentioned_d2871e270" xml:lang="lzz"><lang/>
                        <w>k’uzi</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2871e504" xml:id="mentioned_d2871e275" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
                        <w>kʼovzi</w>
                        <gloss><q>ложка</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2871e513" xml:id="mentioned_d2871e284" xml:lang="bbl"><lang/>
                        <w>k’os</w>
                        <gloss><q>сосуд</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2871e521" xml:id="mentioned_d2871e292" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
                        <w>k’oši</w>
                        <gloss><q>чаша деревянная или из тыквы</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2871e529" xml:id="mentioned_d2871e300" xml:lang="sva"><lang/>
                        <w>qoš</w>
                        <gloss><q>ложка</q></gloss></mentioned>. К этой не связанной рамками одной
                    языковой семьи группе слов относится, по-видимому, и <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2871e537" xml:id="mentioned_d2871e308" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
                        <w>koša-</w></mentioned>, а также <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2871e542" xml:id="mentioned_d2871e313" xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
                        <w>káuszas</w>
                        <gloss><q>ковш</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2871e550" xml:id="mentioned_d2871e321" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
                        <w>ковш, кувшин</w></mentioned> и др. Ср. также <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2871e565" xml:id="mentioned_d2871e327" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
                        <w>kūza</w>
                        <gloss><q>кружка</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2871e573" xml:id="mentioned_d2871e335" xml:lang="fa"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>горшок</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2871e579" xml:id="mentioned_d2871e341" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
                        <w>gushī</w></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_KPF"/><biblScope xml:lang="ru">Abt. III, Bd. II, стр.
                            251</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2871e589" xml:id="mentioned_d2871e351" xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
                        <w>kuž</w>
                        <gloss><q>горшок</q></gloss></mentioned>. Несмотря на видимое различие
                    значений, сюда надо относить и <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2871e598" xml:id="mentioned_d2871e359" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
                        <w>kws</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2871e603" xml:id="mentioned_d2871e365" xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
                        <w>kūsa</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2871e608" xml:id="mentioned_d2871e370" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
                        <w>kūs</w>
                        <gloss><q>барабан</q></gloss></mentioned>: один из обычных видов барабана на
                    востоке — это полушаровидная деревянная чаша с натянутой на нее тонкой кожей.
                    Ос. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_k0ysī"/> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kusinæ</hi> ‘ковш’ связано с этой же
                    группой, хотя <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kʼos</hi> и <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kusinæ</hi> могли войти в осетинский в разное время и из
                    разных источников. По своему оформлению (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">-inæ</hi>) ос. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kusinæ</hi> сближается с
                        <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2871e559" xml:id="mentioned_d2871e380" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
                        <w>кувшин</w></mentioned>. Ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kʼūsbyn"/> и,
                    может быть, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kʼ0ystil"/>.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>II 70</biblScope></bibl>;
                            <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/><biblScope>10,
                            27</biblScope></bibl>.— <bibl><author>Benveniste</author><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_JRAS"/><biblScope xml:lang="ru">1953, стр.
                            51</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
                <etym xml:lang="en">Ws. <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Miller</hi>, who related this word to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2871e179" xml:id="mentioned_d2871e408" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
                        <w>koša-</w>
                        <gloss><q>tub</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2871e187" xml:id="mentioned_d2871e416" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>tank</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>II 70</biblScope></bibl>),
                    later rejected this etymology and began to think about borrowing from Caucasian
                    languages (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2871e197" xml:id="mentioned_d2871e426" xml:lang="bbl"><lang/>
                        <w>k’os</w>
                        <gloss><q>vessel</q></gloss></mentioned>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/><biblScope>10, 27</biblScope></bibl>).
                    Indeed, the comparison to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2871e210" xml:id="mentioned_d2871e439" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
                        <w>koša-</w></mentioned> does not solve the question of the origin of this
                    words, first, due to the presence of the obstruent guttural <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kʼ</hi> in Ossetic,
                    and second, because there are words similar in meaning and sound form, which are
                    present in many langugages, with which the Ossetians were neighbours or could
                    have been neighbours: Turkic — <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2871e215" xml:id="mentioned_d2871e444" xml:lang="alt"><lang/>
                        <w>köš</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2871e220" xml:id="mentioned_d2871e449" xml:lang="sah"><lang/>
                        <w>küös</w>
                        <gloss><q>pot</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2871e228" xml:id="mentioned_d2871e457" xml:lang="sah"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>cup</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2871e234" xml:id="mentioned_d2871e463" xml:lang="ug-x-kashgar"><lang/>
                        <w>közä-</w></mentioned>, Finno-Ugric — <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2871e239" xml:id="mentioned_d2871e468" xml:lang="mns" dialect="mns"><lang/>
                        <w>küs</w>
                        <gloss><q>scoop</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_FUF"/><biblScope>XVIII 171</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2871e252" xml:id="mentioned_d2871e481" xml:lang="fi"><lang/>
                        <w>kousa</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2871e257" xml:id="mentioned_d2871e486" xml:lang="et"><lang/>
                        <w>kaus</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2871e262" xml:id="mentioned_d2871e491" xml:lang="liv"><lang/>
                        <w>kouš</w>
                        <gloss><q>bowl</q></gloss></mentioned>; Caucasian — <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2871e270" xml:id="mentioned_d2871e499" xml:lang="lzz"><lang/>
                        <w>k’uzi</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2871e275" xml:id="mentioned_d2871e504" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
                        <w>kʼovzi</w>
                        <gloss><q>spoon</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2871e284" xml:id="mentioned_d2871e513" xml:lang="bbl"><lang/>
                        <w>k’os</w>
                        <gloss><q>vessel</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2871e292" xml:id="mentioned_d2871e521" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
                        <w>k’oši</w>
                        <gloss><q>wooden cup or cup made from a pumpkin</q></gloss></mentioned>,
                        <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2871e300" xml:id="mentioned_d2871e529" xml:lang="sva"><lang/>
                        <w>qoš</w>
                        <gloss><q>spoon</q></gloss></mentioned>. Apparently, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2871e308" xml:id="mentioned_d2871e537" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
                        <w>koša-</w></mentioned> also belongs to this group of words that is not
                    bound by the limits of one language family, as well as <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2871e313" xml:id="mentioned_d2871e542" xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
                        <w>káuszas</w>
                        <gloss><q>scoop</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2871e321" xml:id="mentioned_d2871e550" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
                        <w>kovš</w>
                        <gloss><q>scoop</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2871e380" xml:id="mentioned_d2871e559" xml:lang="ru"><w>kuvšin</w>
                        <gloss><q>jug</q></gloss></mentioned> etc. Cf. also <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2871e327" xml:id="mentioned_d2871e565" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
                        <w>kūza</w>
                        <gloss><q>cup</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2871e335" xml:id="mentioned_d2871e573" xml:lang="fa"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>pot</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2871e341" xml:id="mentioned_d2871e579" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
                        <w>gushī</w></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_KPF"/><biblScope xml:lang="en">Abt. III, Bd. II, p.
                            251</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2871e351" xml:id="mentioned_d2871e589" xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
                        <w>kuž</w>
                        <gloss><q>pot</q></gloss></mentioned>. Despite the apparent difference in
                    meanings, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2871e359" xml:id="mentioned_d2871e598" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
                        <w>kws</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2871e365" xml:id="mentioned_d2871e603" xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
                        <w>kūsa</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2871e370" xml:id="mentioned_d2871e608" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
                        <w>kūs</w>
                        <gloss><q>drum</q></gloss></mentioned> should also be included here: one of
                    the common types of drum in the east is a semi-spherical wooden bowl with thin
                    skin stretched over it. Ossetic <ref type="xr" target="#entry_k0ysī"/> |
                    <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kusinæ</hi> ‘scoop’ is related to this group as well, although <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kʼos</hi> and
                    <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kusinæ</hi> might have entered Ossetic at different times and from different
                    sources. In its structure (with <hi rendition="#rend_italic">-inæ</hi>) Ossetic <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kusinæ</hi> comes closer to
                        <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d2871e618" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
                        <w>kuvšin</w>
                        <gloss><q>jug</q></gloss></mentioned>. Cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kʼūsbyn"/> and, possibly, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kʼ0ystil"/>.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>II 70</biblScope></bibl>;
                            <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/><biblScope>10,
                            27</biblScope></bibl>.— <bibl><author>Benveniste</author><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_JRAS"/><biblScope xml:lang="en">1953, p.
                    51</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
            </entry>
        </body>
    </text>
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