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      <titleStmt>
        <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">wyrdyǵystæg</hi></title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
        Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
          <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
          <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
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      <tagsDecl>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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    <body>
      <entry xml:id="entry_wyrdyǵystæg" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
        <form xml:id="form_d359e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>wyrdyǵystæg</orth></form>
        <form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>urdugistæg</orth></form>
        <sense xml:id="sense_d359e69">
          <sense>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>виночерпий</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>cupbearer</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
          <sense>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>кравчий</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>butler</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
          <def xml:lang="ru">, прислуживающий за столом на пиршествах и тризнах, обычно из числа
            молодых людей, — <quote><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">лицо, выбираемое для
                прислуживания на пиру, для резания мяса, распределения кусков, потчевания и т.
                д.</q></quote> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
              <biblScope>I 128<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">117</hi></biblScope></bibl>) —
            буквально <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">прямо (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_wyrdyg"><w>wyrdyg</w> | <w>urdug</w></ref>) стоящий (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_styn"><w>ystæg</w> | <w>istæg</w></ref>)</q></gloss> (он все время
            на ногах в отличие от пирующих);</def>
          <def xml:lang="en">, one who waits at the table during feasts and commemorations, usually
            from among young people, — <quote><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">a person chosen for
                serving at a feast, for cutting meat, dividing pieces, snacks etc.</q></quote>
                (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
              <biblScope>I 128<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">117</hi></biblScope></bibl>) —
            literally <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">straight (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_wyrdyg"><w>wyrdyg</w> | <w>urdug</w></ref>) standing (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_styn"><w>ystæg</w> | <w>istæg</w></ref>)</q></gloss> (he
            is always standing unlike all the feasting);</def>
        </sense>
        <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> син. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wyrdyg"><w>wyrdyglæwwæg</w></ref> (см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wyrdyg"/>)</note>
        <note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> the synonym is <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wyrdyg"><w>wyrdyglæwwæg</w></ref> (see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wyrdyg"/>)</note>
        <exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">kūvægguǧy xuj æmæ nywazæn
                <oRef>wyrdyǵystæg</oRef> ralæværdta fæsīvædæn</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">молитвенный кусок и чашу виночерпий передал
                молодежи</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a prayer piece and a bowl a cupbearer gave to
                young people</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
              <biblScope>236</biblScope></bibl>
            <note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="ru" type="comment"><hi rendition="#rend_superscript">1</hi></note>
            <note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="ru" type="footnote">Произнося
              молитву, старший на пиршестве держал в руках кусок мяса или пироги и чашу с аракой или
              пивом (ср.: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОТ"/>
                <biblScope>89<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">14</hi></biblScope></bibl>). По
              окончании молитвы виночерпий, <oRef/>, передавал эти молитвенные подношения, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kūvyn"><w>kūvæggægtæ</w></ref>, младшим.</note>
            <note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" type="footnote">Saying a prayer
              during a feast, the elder held in hands a piece of meat or pies and a bowl with araka
              or with beer (cf.: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОТ"/>
                <biblScope>89<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">14</hi></biblScope></bibl>). After
              finishing a prayer, a cupbearer, <oRef/>, transfered these prayer offerings, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kūvyn"><w>kūvæggægtæ</w></ref>, to younger people.</note>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">aj xærdacaw æmæ noztacaw ḱī ærcydī axæm ū,
              ærxīzyn æj kænūt æmæ jyn baxæryn kænūt æmæ banazyn kænūt,
              <oRef>wyrdygystǵytæ</oRef></quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">пришедший (видимо) из тех, кто ищет, где поесть
                и выпить, дайте ему сойти (с коня) и накормите и напоите его, виночерпии</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">one who came (apparently) is from among those
                who look for where to eat and to drink, let him descend (from a horse) and feed and
                drink them, cupbearers</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОТ"/>
              <biblScope>82</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">badync dawǵytæ Safajy xæʒary,
                ...<oRef>wyrdyǵystæg</oRef> ta syn Narty Soslan wydīs</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">сидят небожители в доме Сафа, а кравчим у них
                был Нарт Сослан</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the celestials seat in the home of Safa, and
                their cupbearer was Nart Soslan</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Нарт._сказ."/>
              <biblScope>67</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">īw læg xist kodta, Soslany ta
                <oRef>wyrdyǵystæg</oRef> bax˳ydta</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">один человек справлял поминки, а Сослана
                пригласил (в качестве) кравчего</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">one person held a commemoration and invited
                Soslan (as) a cupbearer</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
              <biblScope>I 74</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">adæm duvældaxæj ærbadtæncæ fingitæbæl; alli
              fingi særǧi dær adtæj duwwadæs <oRef>urdugistægi</oRef></quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">люди в два ряда расселись за столами; у каждого
                стола было двенадцать кравчих</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">people sat at the tables in two rows; every
                table had twelve cupbearers</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
              <date>1949</date>
              <biblScope>II 28</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
        </exampleGrp>
        <etym xml:lang="ru">Исходная модель — <w type="rec">urdva-stæka-</w>. Сочетание
            <w>ūrdhva</w>- и <w>sthā-</w> свидетельствуется на индоиранской почве от глубокой
          древности. Оно обычно в Риг-Веде (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Grassmann"/>
            <biblScope>274, s. v. <w>ūrdhva-</w></biblScope></bibl>: <quote><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">besonders häufig mit <w>sthā-</w></q></quote>), ср.
            <mentioned xml:lang="sa-vaidika"><lang/>
            <w>ūrdhva-sthā-</w>, <phr>ūrdhvó... asthāt</phr></mentioned>
              (<bibl><?oxy_comment_start author="админ" timestamp="20230518T123649+0300" comment="нет в рефах"?><title>RV</title><?oxy_comment_end ?>
            <biblScope>2.30.3</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="sa-vaidika"><phr>sthā...
              ūrdhva</phr></mentioned> (<bibl><title>RV</title>
            <biblScope>6.24.9</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="sa"><lang/><w>
              ūrdhvasthiti-</w>
            <gloss><q>стоячее, вертикальное положение</q></gloss></mentioned>; далее <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
            <phr>arəδwā̊ hištənta</phr>
            <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">они стояли
          наготове</q></gloss></mentioned><?oxy_comment_start author="админ" timestamp="20230518T123703+0300" comment="нет в рефах"?>
              (<bibl><title>Yt.</title>
            <biblScope>XIII 76</biblScope></bibl><?oxy_comment_end ?>), <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
            <w>ulaṣṭāna-</w>
            <gloss><q>aufrecht stehend</q></gloss> (<w>ula</w> ← <w>urdva-</w></mentioned>:
              <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Konow._Gramm."/>
            <biblScope>107</biblScope></bibl>). По образованию и по второй части (<mentioned xml:lang="os"><m>stæg</m></mentioned>) ср. также <mentioned xml:lang="xco"><lang/>
            <w>Upaništak</w>
            <gloss>личное имя</gloss> — <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">высоко
              стоящий</q></gloss></mentioned> (сообщение В. А. Лившица). Для второй части ср. также
            <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
            <w>staa-</w> (из <w type="rec">staka-</w>) <gloss><q>стоящий</q></gloss></mentioned>. —
          Архаичность ос. <oRef/> подчеркивается тем обстоятельством, что в современном иронском
          диалекте <ref type="xr" target="#entry_styn"><w>(у)styn</w></ref> не значит
              <gloss><q>стоять</q></gloss>, а только <gloss><q>вставать</q></gloss>, и, стало быть,
          для иронского это — не живое образование, а наследие прошлого, несомненно весьма
          отдаленного. <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОТ"/>
            <biblScope>89<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">14</hi></biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
            <biblScope>I 128<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">117</hi></biblScope></bibl>. —
              <bibl><author>Bailey</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_TPhS"/>
            <date>1954</date>, <biblScope>стр. 129</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
        <etym xml:lang="en">The original model is <w type="rec">urdva-stæka-</w>. The combination of
            <w>ūrdhva</w>- and <w>sthā-</w> is evidenced on the Indo-Iranian ground since the remote
          antiquity. It is common in Rig-Veda (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Grassmann"/>
            <biblScope>274, s. v. <w>ūrdhva-</w></biblScope></bibl>: <quote><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">besonders häufig mit <w>sthā-</w></q></quote>), cf.
            <mentioned xml:lang="sa-vaidika"><lang/>
            <w>ūrdhva-sthā-</w>, <phr>ūrdhvó... asthāt</phr></mentioned>
              (<bibl><?oxy_comment_start author="админ" timestamp="20230518T123649+0300" comment="нет в рефах"?><title>RV</title><?oxy_comment_end ?>
            <biblScope>2.30.3</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="sa-vaidika"><phr>sthā...
              ūrdhva</phr></mentioned>
              (<?oxy_comment_start author="админ" timestamp="20230617T102120+0300" comment="ref"?><bibl><title>RV</title>
            <biblScope>6.24.9</biblScope></bibl><?oxy_comment_end ?>), <mentioned xml:lang="sa"><lang/><w> ūrdhvasthiti-</w>
            <gloss><q>standing, vertical position</q></gloss></mentioned>; further <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
            <phr>arəδwā̊ hištənta</phr>
            <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">they stood
          ready</q></gloss></mentioned><?oxy_comment_start author="админ" timestamp="20230518T123703+0300" comment="нет в рефах"?>
              (<bibl><title>Yt.</title>
            <biblScope>XIII 76</biblScope></bibl><?oxy_comment_end ?>), <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
            <w>ulaṣṭāna-</w>
            <gloss><q>aufrecht stehend</q></gloss> (<w>ula</w> ← <w>urdva-</w></mentioned>:
              <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Konow._Gramm."/>
            <biblScope>107</biblScope></bibl>). As for the derivation and for the second part
            (<mentioned xml:lang="os"><m>stæg</m></mentioned>) cf. also <mentioned xml:lang="xco"><lang/>
            <w>Upaništak</w>
            <gloss>personal name</gloss> — <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">highly
                standing</q></gloss></mentioned> (the message of V. A. Livshits). For the second
          part cf. also <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
            <w>staa-</w> (from <w type="rec">staka-</w>) <gloss><q>standing</q></gloss></mentioned>.
          — The archaism of Ossetic <oRef/> is highlighted by the fact that in modern Iron dialect
            <ref type="xr" target="#entry_styn"><w>(у)styn</w></ref> doesn't mean <gloss><q>to
              stand</q></gloss>, but only <gloss><q>to stand up</q></gloss>, and, thus, for Iron
          this word isn't a living entity, but a heritage of the past, undoubtedly very
              distant.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОТ"/>
            <biblScope>89<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">14</hi></biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
            <biblScope>I 128<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">117</hi></biblScope></bibl>. —
              <bibl><author>Bailey</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_TPhS"/>
            <date>1954</date>, <biblScope>p. 129</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
      </entry>
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