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            <titleStmt>
                <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">badyn</hi></title>
            </titleStmt>
            <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
    Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
            <sourceDesc>
                <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
                        <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
                        <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
                        <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
            </sourceDesc>
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        <rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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        <body>
            <entry xml:id="entry_badyn" xml:lang="os">
                <form xml:id="form_d1936e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>badyn </orth><form xml:id="form_d1936e68" type="participle"><orth>badt</orth></form></form>
                <form xml:id="form_d1936e71" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>badun</orth><form xml:id="form_d1936e73" type="participle"><orth>badt</orth></form></form>
                <sense xml:id="sense_d1936e76"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                        <q>сидеть</q>
                    </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                        <q>sit</q>
                    </abv:tr></sense>
                <sense xml:id="sense_d1936e86" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><usg><lang/></usg><sense xml:id="sense_d1936e89"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>располагаться</q>
                        </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>be situated</q>
                        </abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d1936e98"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>пребывать</q>
                        </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>stay</q>
                        </abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d1936e107"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>находиться</q>
                        </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>be found</q>
                        </abv:tr></sense></sense>
                <re xml:id="re_d1936e117">
                    <form xml:id="form_d1936e119" type="lemma"><orth>babadyn</orth></form>
                    <sense xml:id="sense_d1936e122"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>засесть в засаду</q>
                        </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>lie in ambush</q>
                        </abv:tr></sense>
                </re>
                <re xml:id="re_d1936e134">
                    <form xml:id="form_d1936e136" type="lemma"><orth>rabadyn</orth></form>
                    <sense xml:id="sense_d1936e139"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>встать</q>
                        </abv:tr><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru"> (например, с
                            постели)</note><note type="comment" xml:lang="en"> (e.g. from
                            bed)</note><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>get up</q>
                        </abv:tr><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru"> (например, с
                            постели)</note><note type="comment" xml:lang="en"> (e.g. from
                            bed)</note></sense>
                </re>
                <re xml:id="re_d1936e158">
                    <form xml:id="form_d1936e160" type="lemma"><orth>badæn</orth></form>
                    <sense xml:id="sense_d1936e163"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>сиденье</q>
                        </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>seat</q>
                        </abv:tr></sense>
                </re>
                <re xml:id="re_d1936e174">
                    <note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">вероятно, отсюда также</note>
                    <note type="comment" xml:lang="en">probably also related is</note>
                    <form xml:id="form_d1936e182" type="lemma"><orth>bandon</orth></form>
                    <sense xml:id="sense_d1936e185"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>стул</q>
                        </abv:tr><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">из *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">badæn-don</hi></note><note type="comment" xml:lang="en">from *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">badæn-don</hi></note><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>chair</q>
                        </abv:tr><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">из *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">badæn-don</hi></note><note type="comment" xml:lang="en">from *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">badæn-don</hi></note></sense>
                </re>
                <abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d1936e204">
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d1936e206">
                        <quote>nyxasy bady zærond Q˳ybady</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>сидит на нихасе (аульном сборище) старый Кубади</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>old Qubadi is sitting at the nyxas (village meeting ground)</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>47</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d1936e225" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote>Uruzmæg… æ ustur Ærfænbæl rabadtæj</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>Урузмаг сел на своего большого (коня) Арфана</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>Uruzmæg mounted his big (horse) Ærfæn</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>430</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d1936e247">
                        <quote>abadūt æncad</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>посидите спокойно</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>(you) sit calmly</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>44</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d1936e266">
                        <quote>cærgæsyl æj ysbadyn kodtoj</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>посадили его на орла</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>(they) set him on the eagle</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Munk."/><biblScope>32</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d1936e285">
                        <quote>badtæj Badīlaty yæzmy, cydæj—Tægiaty</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>в (манере) сидеть он подражает Бадилатам, в (манере) ходить
                                —Тагиатам</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>he copies Badīlats in the sitting manner, he copies Tægiats in the
                                walking manner</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <note type="comment" xml:lang="ru"> (<hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Badīlatæ%s, %sTægiatæ</hi> — названия
                            высшего сословия у осетин)</note>
                        <note type="comment" xml:lang="en"> (<hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Badīlatæ%s, %sTægiatæ</hi> — names of
                            the highest classes in Ossetia)</note>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d1936e307" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote>bæx in isserdtoncæ, ra-ibæl-badtæj</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>нашли ему коня, (и Асаго) сел на него</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>a horse for him was found (and Asago) mounted it</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/><biblScope>13%l16%l</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d1936e329" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote>ærǧaw kæmi baduncæ, ordæmæ niwwajon</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>я схожу туда, где располагается („сидит“) стадо</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>i will go to the place where the cattle is situated ("is
                                sitting")</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Bes._Ka_ke"/><biblScope>10</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d1936e351" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote>fonsi badæn</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>место стоянки скота</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>cattle's standing place</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Bes._Ka_ke"/><biblScope>10</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d1936e373" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote>galtæ otemæj baduncæ</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>быки в таком состоянии находятся („сидят“)</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>bulls are ("are sitting)" in a such condition</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_SD"/><biblScope>295%4</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d1936e395">
                        <quote>abadt ævvongæj urs bæx jæ razy</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>предстал пред ним наготове белый конь</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>a white horse appears ready in front of them</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>68</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d1936e414">
                        <quote>jæ raxīz farsyrdygæj næwwyl dæ badæn</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>на правой стороне от него (владыки загробного мира) на зеленой траве
                                твое местопребывание</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>your residence is found on the right side from him (the master of the
                                other world) on the green grass</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>77</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d1936e434">
                        <quote>ḱyzǵyty badæn</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>(праздник) девичьих посиделок</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>(a festival) of girl's gatherings</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/><biblScope>II
                            281</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d1936e453">
                        <quote>Totyratæ læppūjy raz babadtysty</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>Тотровы засели в засаду впереди юноши (где юноша должен был
                                пройти)</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>Totyrats lied in ambush before the young man (where the young man
                                should have passed)</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/><biblScope>67</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d1936e472">
                        <quote>cæw acqīwdta æmæ saw komy naræǵy zæjy sær abadt</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>козел полетел вниз и очутился в теснине на верху снежной лавины</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>a goat flew down and found himself in the gorge on top of the
                                avalanche</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/><biblScope>122</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d1936e491">
                        <quote>talynǵy badæg adæm fedtoj styr rūxs</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>народ, сидящий во тьме, увидел свет великий</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>the people which sat in darkness saw great light</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Матфей"/><biblScope><hi rendition="#rend_italic">4</hi>
                            16</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d1936e510">
                        <quote>raǵy rabad-ra, zærond læg, raǵy badag — ævæsmon</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>вставай пораньше, старик, тот, кто рано встает, не раскается</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>get up earlier, man, one who gets up early will not regret</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><biblScope xml:lang="ru">из песни</biblScope><biblScope xml:lang="en">from a song</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d1936e531" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote>„cæmæj sæ bafsadʒænæ?“ zæǧgæ imæ ʒoruj rabadgæj Boræfærnug</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>«чем ты их накормишь?» — говорит приподнявшись Борафарнуг</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>"what will you feed them?" — says Boræfærnug while getting up</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/><biblScope>7</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d1936e554">
                        <quote>ma xær ard… arvæj, ūmæn æmæ ūj X˳ycawy badæn ū</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>не клянись… небом, потому что оно престол Божий</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>Swear not… by heaven; for it is God's throne</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Матфей"/><biblScope><hi rendition="#rend_italic">5</hi>
                            34</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                </abv:exampleGrp>
                <etym xml:lang="ru">Приемлемое разъяснение предложено Вс. <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Миллером</hi>: из *ba-аd=
                        <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1936e671" xml:id="mentioned_d1936e576" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
                        <w>*upa-had-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1936e676" xml:id="mentioned_d1936e581" xml:lang="iir"><lang/>
                        <w>*upa-sad-</w></mentioned>, т. е. сращение преверба <hi rendition="#rend_italic">bа</hi>- (← <hi rendition="#rend_italic">upa</hi>-) с
                    основой <hi rendition="#rend_italic">had</hi>-, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1936e681" xml:id="mentioned_d1936e586" xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
                        <w>*sed-</w>
                        <gloss><q>сидеть</q></gloss></mentioned>. Выпадение в осетинском <hi rendition="#rend_italic">h</hi>
                    закономерно, ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærzæ"/> и др. Основа *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">sed</hi>-
                    ‘сидеть’ широко распространена в индоевропейских языках; ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1936e691" xml:id="mentioned_d1936e596" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
                        <w>had-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1936e697" xml:id="mentioned_d1936e602" xml:lang="peo"><lang/>
                        <w>ni-šad</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1936e702" xml:id="mentioned_d1936e607" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
                        <w>sad-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1936e707" xml:id="mentioned_d1936e612" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
                        <w>сидеть</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1936e712" xml:id="mentioned_d1936e617" xml:lang="ru"><w>садить</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1936e715" xml:id="mentioned_d1936e620" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
                        <w>sedere</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1936e720" xml:id="mentioned_d1936e625" xml:lang="de"><lang/>
                        <w>sitzen</w>
                        <gloss><q>сидеть</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1936e729" xml:id="mentioned_d1936e634" xml:lang="de"><w>setzen</w>
                        <gloss><q>сажать</q></gloss></mentioned> и пр. <hi rendition="#rend_bold">Скифское</hi> собственное имя
                        <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1936e735" xml:id="mentioned_d1936e640" xml:lang="xsc"><lang/>
                        <w>Bαδαγος</w></mentioned>(Ольвия) соответствует <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1936e740" xml:id="mentioned_d1936e645" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
                        <w>badæg</w>
                        <gloss><q>сидящий</q></gloss></mentioned>, до сих пор употребляемому как
                    собственное имя. — Случаи сращения преверба <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ba</hi> c глаголом крайне редки; ср.
                        <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bajdajyn"/>.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>I 51</biblScope></bibl>;
                            <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/><biblScope>60</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>159</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
                <etym xml:lang="en">Ws. <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Miller</hi> proposed an acceptable explanation: from *ba-аd=
                        <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1936e576" xml:id="mentioned_d1936e671" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
                        <w>*upa-had-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1936e581" xml:id="mentioned_d1936e676" xml:lang="iir"><lang/>
                        <w>*upa-sad-</w></mentioned>, i.e. the fusion of the preverb <hi rendition="#rend_italic">bа</hi>- (←
                    <hi rendition="#rend_italic">upa</hi>-) and the stem <hi rendition="#rend_italic">had</hi>-, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1936e586" xml:id="mentioned_d1936e681" xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
                        <w>*sed-</w>
                        <gloss><q>sit</q></gloss></mentioned>. The loss of <hi rendition="#rend_italic">h</hi> in Ossetic is
                    regular, cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærzæ"/> etc. The stem *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">sed</hi>- ‘sit’
                    is widespread in Indo-European languages: cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1936e596" xml:id="mentioned_d1936e691" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
                        <w>had-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1936e602" xml:id="mentioned_d1936e697" xml:lang="peo"><lang/>
                        <w>ni-šad</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1936e607" xml:id="mentioned_d1936e702" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
                        <w>sad-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1936e612" xml:id="mentioned_d1936e707" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
                        <w>sidetʼ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1936e617" xml:id="mentioned_d1936e712" xml:lang="ru"><w>saditʼ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1936e620" xml:id="mentioned_d1936e715" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
                        <w>sedere</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1936e625" xml:id="mentioned_d1936e720" xml:lang="de"><lang/>
                        <w>sitzen</w>
                        <gloss><q>sit</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1936e634" xml:id="mentioned_d1936e729" xml:lang="de"><w>setzen</w>
                        <gloss><q>seat</q></gloss></mentioned> etc. <hi rendition="#rend_bold">Scythian</hi> proper name
                        <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1936e640" xml:id="mentioned_d1936e735" xml:lang="xsc"><lang/>
                        <w>Bαδαγος</w></mentioned> (Olvia) corresponds to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1936e645" xml:id="mentioned_d1936e740" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
                        <w>badæg</w>
                        <gloss><q>sitting</q></gloss></mentioned>, which is still in use as a proper
                    name. — The fusion of the preverb <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ba</hi> and verbs is quite rare; cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bajdajyn"/>.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>I 51</biblScope></bibl>;
                            <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/><biblScope>60</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>159</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
            </entry>
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