<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ᵆxsnyf</hi></title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
        Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
          <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
          <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
    <encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
      <tagsDecl>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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  <text>
    <body>
      <entry xml:id="entry_7xsnyf" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
        <form xml:id="form_d1236e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>ᵆxsnyf</orth></form>
        <form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>æxsnirf</orth></form>
        <sense xml:id="sense_d1236e69">
          <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
            <q>щепка</q>
          </abv:tr>
          <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
            <q>shiver</q>
          </abv:tr>
        </sense>
        <exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">syxag ūs æxsnyfy wælæ zyngtæ felvæsta</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">соседка набрала на щепу огня</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">neighbor got fire on wood chips</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Arsen"/>
              <biblScope>35</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Ʒakko īw
              sta<?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230330T194443+0300" comment="плохо пропечатана буква"?>r<?oxy_comment_end ?>d
              qīl æxsnyftæ gængæ axasta</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Дзакко понес большую дубину, обращая ее в
                щепья</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230609T165701+0300" comment="?"?>Ʒ<?oxy_comment_end ?>akko
                carried a large club, turning it into chips</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАА"/>
              <biblScope>II 243</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">arxajy mæg˳yræg, fælæ jæ bon lenk kænyn næw,
              don æj æxsnyfaw skʼæfy</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">старается бедняга (выплыть), но плавать не в
                силах, (и) река увлекает его, как щепку</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the poor fellow is trying (to swim out), but he
                is unable to swim, (and) the river carries him away like a chip</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
              <biblScope>1959 III 70</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">artag sæm æxsnyf dær nal wyd</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">топлива (дров) у них не осталось ни щепки</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">they did not have a sliver left for fuel</q>
            </tr>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">færætty kʼūppytæ nal æncajync, ūrs æxsnyftæ
              gælæbūtaw fæjnærdæm tæxync</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">не смолкает стук топоров, белые щепья
                разлетаются во все стороны, как бабочки</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the sound of axes does not stop, white chips
                scatter in all directions, like butterflies</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
              <biblScope>I 17</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="ru" type="footnote">Употребительно
            выражение <example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
              <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">tūg æxsnyfæj nwazyn</quote>
              <tr xml:lang="ru">
                <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">пить (чью-либо) кровь <oRef>æxsnyfæj</oRef>
                    (<q>щепкой</q>??)</q>
                <note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> в смысле
                    <q>люто ненавидеть (кого-либо)</q></note>
                <note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" type="comment"> в смысле
                    <q>люто ненавидеть (кого-либо)</q></note>
              </tr>
              <tr xml:lang="en">
                <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">пить (чью-либо) кровь <oRef>æxsnyfæj</oRef>
                    (<q>щепкой</q>??)</q>
                <note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="comment"> в смысле <q>люто
                    ненавидеть (кого-либо)</q></note>
              </tr>
              <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
                <biblScope>33</biblScope></bibl>
              <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
                <biblScope>60</biblScope></bibl>
              <note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> и др.</note>
              <note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" type="comment"> и др.</note>
            </example>. Здесь <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">щепка</q> не дает разумного смысла.
            Может быть, <oRef>xsnyfæj</oRef> вместо <w type="rec">xsnysæj</w>, ср. <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
              <w>xšnuš</w>
              <gloss><q>доставляющий удовольствие</q></gloss></mentioned>. В этом случае приведенное
            выражение означало бы собственно <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">пить (чью-либо) кровь
              с удовольствием</q>.</note>
          <note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" type="footnote">A common
            expression <example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
              <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">tūg æxsnyfæj nwazyn</quote>
              <tr xml:lang="ru">
                <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">пить (чью-либо) кровь <oRef>æxsnyfæj</oRef>
                    (<q>щепкой</q>??)</q>
                <note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> в смысле
                    <q>люто ненавидеть (кого-либо)</q></note>
                <note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" type="comment"> в смысле
                    <q>люто ненавидеть (кого-либо)</q></note>
              </tr>
              <tr xml:lang="en">
                <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">drink (someoneʼs) blood <oRef>æxsnyfæj</oRef>
                    (<q>with a shiver</q>??)</q>
                <note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="comment"> in the meaning <q>to hate
                    (someone)</q></note>
              </tr>
              <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
                <biblScope>33</biblScope></bibl>
              <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
                <biblScope>60</biblScope></bibl>
              <note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> и др.</note>
              <note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" type="comment"> etc.</note>
            </example>. Here <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">shiver</q> does not make any sense.
            May be, <oRef>xsnyfæj</oRef> instead of <w type="rec">xsnysæj</w>, cf. <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
              <w>xšnuš</w>
              <gloss><q>giving pleasure</q></gloss></mentioned>. In this case, the above expression
            would actually mean <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">drink (someoneʼs) blood with
              pleasure</q>.</note>
        </exampleGrp>
        <etym xml:lang="ru">Связано c <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7xsnīwyn"><w>xsnīwyn</w>
            <gloss><q>тесать</q></gloss></ref> и содержит базу <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">skeip-</w>, <w type="rec">skip-</w>
            <gloss><q>тесать</q>, <q>щепить</q></gloss> и т. п.</mentioned> со вставочным <c>-n-</c>
            (<mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">sknip-</w></mentioned>). Более архаичная
          дигорская форма <oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">æxsnirf</oRef> закономерно возводится к
            <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">skif-ra-</w></mentioned>. Ср.
              <?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230330T200016+0300" comment="??"?><mentioned><lang>cреднеангл.</lang>
            <w>scifra</w>
            <gloss><q>щепка</q></gloss></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?>, <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="en"><lang/>
              <w>shiver</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="goh"><lang/>
              <w>scivaro</w></mentioned>
            <gloss><q>щепка</q>, <q>обломок</q></gloss></mentioned>.<note type="footnote">Мы были
            неправы (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИЭС_I"/>
              <biblScope>222</biblScope></bibl>), оспаривая возможность развития <c>sk</c> →
              <c>xs</c> в осетинском, которое допускал <bibl><author>Szemerényi</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ZDMG">ZDMG </ref>
              <date>1951</date>
              <biblScope> CI 216</biblScope>)</bibl>. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7xsnīwyn" xml:lang="os"><lang>Ос.</lang>
              <w>xsnīwyn</w></ref>, <oRef>xsnyf</oRef> подтверждают, что такое развитие было
            возможно. Ср. еще <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xsitt"/> | <ref type="xr" target="#entry_skʼot"/>
            <gloss><q>свист</q></gloss>; обратное развитие: <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
              <w>likṣa-</w></mentioned> — <ref type="xr" target="#entry_lyskʼ" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
              <w>lyskʼ</w>
              <w>гнида</w></ref>.</note> Ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7xsnīwyn" xml:lang="os"><w>xsnīwyn</w></ref>.</etym>
        <etym xml:lang="en">Connected with <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7xsnīwyn"><w>xsnīwyn</w>
            <gloss><q>hew</q></gloss></ref> and contains a stem <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">skeip-</w>, <w type="rec">skip-</w>
            <gloss><q>hew</q>, <q>splinter</q></gloss> etc.</mentioned> with an inserted <c>-n-</c>
            (<mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">sknip-</w></mentioned>). A more archaic Digor
          form <oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">æxsnirf</oRef> regularly goes back to <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">skif-ra-</w></mentioned>. Cf.
              <?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230330T200016+0300" comment="??"?><mentioned><lang>Middle
              English</lang>
            <w>scifra</w>
            <gloss><q>shiver</q></gloss></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?>, <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="en"><lang/>
              <w>shiver</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="goh"><lang/>
              <w>scivaro</w></mentioned>
            <gloss><q>shiver</q>, <q>chip</q></gloss></mentioned>.<note type="footnote">We were
            wrong (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИЭС_I"/>
              <biblScope>222</biblScope></bibl>), challenging the development of <c>sk</c> →
              <c>xs</c> in Ossetic, allowed by <bibl><author>Szemerényi</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ZDMG">ZDMG </ref>
              <date>1951</date>
              <biblScope> CI 216</biblScope>)</bibl>. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7xsnīwyn" xml:lang="os"><lang>Ossetic</lang>
              <w>xsnīwyn</w></ref>, <oRef>xsnyf</oRef> confirm that such a development was possible.
            Cf. also <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xsitt"/> | <ref type="xr" target="#entry_skʼot"/>
            <gloss><q>whistle</q></gloss>; reverse development: <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
              <w>likṣa-</w></mentioned> — <ref type="xr" target="#entry_lyskʼ" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
              <w>lyskʼ</w>
              <w>nit</w></ref>.</note> Cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7xsnīwyn" xml:lang="os"><w>xsnīwyn</w></ref>.</etym>
      </entry>
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