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      <titleStmt>
        <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ᵆxsævær</hi></title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
        Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
          <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
          <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
      </sourceDesc>
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        <rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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    <body>
      <entry xml:id="entry_7xsævær" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
        <form xml:id="form_d5548e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>ᵆxsævær</orth></form>
        <form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>æxsævær</orth></form>
        <sense xml:id="sense_d5548e69">
          <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
            <q>ужин</q>
          </abv:tr>
          <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
            <q>supper</q>
          </abv:tr>
        </sense>
        <re>
          <form type="lemma"><orth>xsævæjrag</orth></form>
          <sense>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">провизия на ужин</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">provisions for supper</q>
            </tr>
          </sense>
        </re>
        <re>
          <form type="lemma"><orth>xsæværafon</orth></form>
          <sense>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">время ужина</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">supper time</q>
            </tr>
          </sense>
        </re>
        <exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">jæ sīxor, je <oRef>xsævær</oRef> — jæ
              mæt</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">его забота — его обед, его ужин</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">his concern is his lunch, his supper</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
              <biblScope>216</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">badync ærtæ fyjjawy arty farsmæ, sæxīcæn
                <oRef>æxsævær</oRef> kænync</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">сидят три пастуха у костра, готовят себе
                ужин</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">three shepherds are sitting by the fire,
                preparing supper for themselves</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
              <biblScope>225</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">sīxor kænæ <oRef>xsævær</oRef> k˳y kænaj, wæd
              ma xon dæ lymænty...</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">когда делаешь обед или ужин, не зови друзей
                твоих...</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">when thou makest a dinner or a supper, call not
                thy friends...</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Лука"/>
              <biblScope><hi rendition="#rend_italic">14</hi> 12</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>æxsævær</oRef> ærægmæ baxærʒynæ, ūmæj
              xor fyldær næ læwwy</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">от того, что позже поужинаешь, хлеба не
                сохранится больше</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">from the fact that you dine later, there will
                not be preserved more bread </q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><biblScope xml:lang="ru">пословица</biblScope><biblScope xml:lang="en">proverb</biblScope>; <ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
              <biblScope>III 239</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">argævstoj fys, skodtoj fīzonǵytæ, ysfyxtoj
              fyd, aftæmæj yscættæ kodtoj <oRef>æxsævær</oRef></quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">зарезали овцу, приготовили шашлык, сварили мясо
                и таким образом справили ужин</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">they slaughtered a sheep, fied a kebab, cooked
                meat and thus prepared a dinner</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
              <biblScope>I 48—50</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>æxsævæjrag</oRef> sæ kʼūxy næ
              baftydī</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">им не удалось раздобыть (<q>не попало в
                  руки</q>) провизии на ужин</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">they failed to get (<q>did not fall into their
                  hands</q>) provisions for supper</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
              <biblScope>I 14</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">īw xæʒary dwar <oRef>æxsæværafon</oRef>
              baxostam</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">в пору ужина мы постучали в одну дверь</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">at supper time we knocked on one door</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
              <biblScope>218</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>æxsæværafon</oRef> k˳y
              ʽrcydi...</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">когда наступило время ужина...</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">at supper time...</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Лука"/>
              <biblScope><hi rendition="#rend_italic">14</hi> 17</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">fæcæl kodtoj styr <oRef>fæsaxsæværmæ</oRef>
              dywwy xælary</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">угощались до поздней послеужинной поры два
                приятеля</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">two friends were treated until late after
                supper</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
              <biblScope>53</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>fæsaxsæværtæm</oRef> sæxīmæ
              balæwwyd</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ко времени после ужина он явился к себе
                (домой)</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">by the time after supper he came to his
                (home)</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
              <biblScope>1975 VIII 18</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>æxsævær</oRef> ku baxwæraj, wæd mæmæ
              raco</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">когда поужинаешь, выйди ко мне</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">after you have had your supper, come to me</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/>
              <biblScope>27<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">2</hi></biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ravgarstoncæ <oRef>mærdæxsæværæn</oRef>
              gal</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">на поминальный ужин зарезали быка</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a bull was slaughtered for a funeral feast</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
              <biblScope>1949 II 44</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ʒubandi radarǧ æj,
                <oRef>fæsæxsæværtæmæ</oRef></quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">беседа затянулась до послеужинной поры</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the conversation dragged on until late after
                supper</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
              <biblScope>1949 II 30</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
        </exampleGrp>
        <etym xml:lang="ru">Разумеется, неотделимо от <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7xsæv"><w>xsæv</w>
            <gloss><q>ночь</q></gloss></ref>. Но имеем ли дериват или сложное слово? К последней
          точке зрения склоняется <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Hübschmann</hi>. Он допускает, что
            <oRef>xsævær</oRef> получилось из <w type="rec">xsæv-xær</w>
          <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">ночная еда</q> (<c>xær</c> — от <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xæryn_1"><w>xæryn</w>
            <gloss><q>есть</q></gloss></ref>) (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ZDMG"/>
            <biblScope>1887 XLI 342</biblScope></bibl>). Ср. по образованию <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
            <w>Nachtessen</w></mentioned>. Верно, что суффикс <c>-ær</c> в осетинском не
          распознается. Но в индоиранском отыменные образования на <c>-ra-</c> многочисленны
            (<mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <w>madhura-</w>
            <gloss><q>сладкий</q></gloss></mentioned> от <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <w>madhu-</w>
            <gloss><q>мед</q></gloss></mentioned>) (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Wackernagel-Debrunner"/><biblScope>II <hi rendition="#rend_italic">2</hi>
              855 sq.</biblScope></bibl>), и допущение <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">xsäpara-</w></mentioned>. Ср. <mentioned xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
            <w>šūper</w>, <w>šoper</w>
            <gloss><q>ночлег</q></gloss><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Lorimer"/>
                <biblScope>237</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Исключено возведение
            <oRef>xsævær</oRef> к <mentioned xml:lang="ae">иран. (авест.) <w>xšapar-</w>
            <gloss><q>ночь</q></gloss></mentioned>: основы на согласный утрачивали в осетинском
          конечный слог, как это видно, в частности, в терминах родства: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mad"/> из <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>mātar-</w></mentioned>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fyd_1"/> из <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>pitur-</w></mentioned>
          и т. п. <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
            <w>šām</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
            <w>šām</w>, <w>xšam</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="mnj"><lang/>
            <w>xṣ̌ema</w>
            <gloss><q>ужин</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
            <w>šuma</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
            <w>xšōm</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">xšām</w></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="sog"><w>xšʼm xwryy</w>
            <gloss><q>ужин</q></gloss></mentioned>) возводятся к <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
            <w>xšāfnya-</w><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><author>Tedesco</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ZII"/><biblScope>1923 II 41</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. —
          Из осетинского идут <mentioned xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><lang/>
            <w>šxuur</w>, <w>šxuur</w>, <w>əšxour</w>
            <gloss><q>ужин</q></gloss></mentioned> и, может быть, <mentioned xml:lang="ka-x-mokhev"><lang/>
            <w>samxari</w></mentioned> id. (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Макалатия"/>
            <biblScope>107</biblScope></bibl> (метатеза из <w type="rec">xsamari</w>).</etym>
        <etym xml:lang="en">Of course, it is inseparable from <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7xsæv"><w>xsæv</w>
            <gloss><q>night</q></gloss></ref>. But is it a derived or compound word? It is <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Hübschmann</hi> who leans towards the latter point of view.
          He admits that <oRef>xsævær</oRef> came out of <w type="rec">xsæv-xær</w>
          <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">night meal</q> (<c>xær</c> is from <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xæryn_1"><w>xæryn</w>
            <gloss><q>eat</q></gloss></ref>) (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ZDMG"/>
            <biblScope>1887 XLI 342</biblScope></bibl>). Derivationally, cf. <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
            <w>Nachtessen</w></mentioned>. It is true that the suffix <c>-ær</c> is not recognized
          in Ossetic. But in Indo-Iranian, denominal derivations with <c>-ra-</c> are numerous
            (<mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <w>madhura-</w>
            <gloss><q>sweet</q></gloss></mentioned> from <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <w>madhu-</w>
            <gloss><q>honey</q></gloss></mentioned>) (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Wackernagel-Debrunner"/>
            <biblScope>II <hi rendition="#rend_italic">2</hi> 855 ff.</biblScope></bibl>), and
          assumption of <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">xsäpara-</w></mentioned> is not too bold. Cf. <mentioned xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
            <w>šūper</w>, <w>šoper</w>
            <gloss><q>overnight stay</q></gloss><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Lorimer"/>
                <biblScope>237</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Tracing back
            <oRef>xsævær</oRef> to <mentioned xml:lang="ae">Iran. (Avest.) <w>xšapar-</w>
            <gloss><q>night</q></gloss></mentioned> is excluded: consonant-final stems lost the
          final syllable in Ossetic, as can be seen, in particular, in terms of kinship: : <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mad"/> from <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>mātar-</w></mentioned>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fyd_1"/> from <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>pitur-</w></mentioned> etc. <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
            <w>šām</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
            <w>šām</w>, <w>xšam</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="mnj"><lang/>
            <w>xṣ̌ema</w>
            <gloss><q>supper</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
            <w>šuma</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
            <w>xšōm</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">xšām</w></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="sog"><w>xšʼm xwryy</w>
            <gloss><q>supper</q></gloss></mentioned>) are traced back to <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
            <w>xšāfnya-</w><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><author>Tedesco</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ZII"/><biblScope>1923 II 41</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. —
          Ossetic gave rise to <mentioned xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><lang/>
            <w>šxuur</w>, <w>šxuur</w>, <w>əšxour</w>
            <gloss><q>supper</q></gloss></mentioned> and, perhaps, <mentioned xml:lang="ka-x-mokhev"><lang/>
            <w>samxari</w></mentioned> id. (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Макалатия"/>
            <biblScope>107</biblScope></bibl> (metathesis from <w type="rec">xsamari</w>).</etym>
      </entry>
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