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            <titleStmt>
                <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kærdyn</hi></title>
            </titleStmt>
            <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
    Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
            <sourceDesc>
                <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
                        <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
                        <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
                        <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
            </sourceDesc>
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        <rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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            <entry xml:id="entry_kærdyn" xml:lang="os">
                <form xml:id="form_d4199e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>kærdyn</orth><form xml:id="form_d4199e68" type="participle"><orth>karst</orth></form></form>
                <form xml:id="form_d4199e71" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>kærdun</orth><form xml:id="form_d4199e73" type="participle"><orth>karst</orth></form></form>
                <sense xml:id="sense_d4199e76"><sense xml:id="sense_d4199e77"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>резать</q>
                        </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>to cut</q>
                        </abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d4199e86"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>рубить (на куски)</q>
                        </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>to chop (into pieces)</q>
                        </abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d4199e95"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>кроить</q>
                        </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>to cut out</q>
                        </abv:tr></sense></sense>
                <re xml:id="re_d4199e105">
                    <re xml:id="re_d4199e107">
                        <form xml:id="form_d4199e109" type="lemma"><orth>xos kærdyn</orth></form>
                        <sense xml:id="sense_d4199e112"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                                <q>косить сено</q>
                            </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                                <q>to mow hay</q>
                            </abv:tr></sense>
                    </re>
                    <re xml:id="re_d4199e123">
                        <form xml:id="form_d4199e125" type="lemma"><orth>x˳ym kærdyn</orth></form>
                        <sense xml:id="sense_d4199e128"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                                <q>жать хлеб</q>
                            </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                                <q>to cut grain</q>
                            </abv:tr></sense>
                    </re>
                </re>
                <abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d4199e140">
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d4199e142">
                        <quote>fydǵynæn fyd lystæg kærdyn qæwy</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>для мясного пирога мясо надо рубить мелко</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>meat should be chopped finely for a meat pie</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d4199e157">
                        <quote>næ ḱynʒ kærdyn æmæ x˳yjynmæ dæsny ū</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>наша невестка кроить и шить искусна</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>our daughter-in-law is good at cutting and sewing</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d4199e172">
                        <quote>mæ ḱyzgytæ avd æddægwælæjy šarynč, sæ kæræzījy rūxsmæ ūm
                            kærdgæ-xujgæ kænync</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>мои дочери живут в семиэтажном (замке), при свете друг друга они
                                кроят-шьют</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>my daughters live in a seven-story (castle), in the light of each
                                other they cut, sew</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/><biblScope>III
                            58</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d4199e191">
                        <quote>ærkarstam, ærlastam næ xortæ, næ xos</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>мы скосили, привезли наш хлеб, наше сено</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>we mowed grain, we brought our bread, our hay</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>125</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d4199e210">
                        <quote>xorz kard ændon warty dær akærdy fælmæn cyxtaw</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>хорошая шашка рассекает и стальной щит, как свежий сыр</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>a good sabre cuts also a steel shield like fresh cheese</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/><biblScope>51</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                </abv:exampleGrp>
                <etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к иран. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*kart-</hi>, и.е. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*k˳ert-</hi> (и.е.
                    <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*(s)k˳er-</hi> ‘резать’ с наращением <hi rendition="#rend_italic">-t</hi>). Ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4199e308" xml:id="mentioned_d4199e233" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
                        <w>’krt’nt</w>
                        <gloss><q>они режут</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4199e316" xml:id="mentioned_d4199e241" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
                        <w>karət-<hi rendition="#rend_italic">:</hi> kərəsta-</w>
                        <gloss><q>резать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4199e324" xml:id="mentioned_d4199e249" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
                        <w>kṛt-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4199e329" xml:id="mentioned_d4199e254" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w><hi rendition="#rend_italic">(</hi>kṛntati</w>
                        <gloss><q>он режет</q></gloss></mentioned>). Сюда же относят <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4199e335" xml:id="mentioned_d4199e260" xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
                        <w>skaštəl<hi rendition="#rend_italic">:</hi> skaṇ(uz-kṛnt-?)</w>
                        <gloss><q>отрезать</q></gloss></mentioned>. — Глагол сохранился в осетинском
                    также в сращении с превербами: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_gærdyn"/> |
                    <hi rendition="#rend_italic">igærdun</hi> (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">*vi-kart-</hi>) ‘рассекать’; <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærgævdyn"/> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ævgærdun</hi> (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">*abi-kart-</hi>) ‘закалывать (животное)’; <ref type="xr" target="#entry_lægærdyn"/> (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">*fra-kart-</hi>) ‘пробиваться через что-либо’.
                    См. также <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kard"/> 'ножʼ, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kærdīx"/> ‘кусок’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kærdæg"/>
                    ‘трава’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kærdcyg"/> ‘стерня травы’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ugærdæn"/> ‘покос’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ugard"/>
                    ‘зарубка’, %r1%r<ref type="xr" target="#entry_kærdæn"/> ‘платок’, %r2%r<ref type="xr" target="#entry_kærdæn"/> ‘ножницы’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xæskard"/> ‘ножницы’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ævgærdæn"/> ‘шея’.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>III
                            143</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/><biblScope>56</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
                <etym xml:lang="en">It traces back to Iranian <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*kart-</hi>, Indo-European <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*k˳ert-</hi>
                    (Indo-European <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*(s)k˳er-</hi> ‘to cut’ with an augment <hi rendition="#rend_italic">-t</hi>). Cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4199e233" xml:id="mentioned_d4199e308" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
                        <w>’krt’nt</w>
                        <gloss><q>they are cutting</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4199e241" xml:id="mentioned_d4199e316" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
                        <w>karət-<hi rendition="#rend_italic">:</hi> kərəsta-</w>
                        <gloss><q>to cut</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4199e249" xml:id="mentioned_d4199e324" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
                        <w>kṛt-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4199e254" xml:id="mentioned_d4199e329" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w><hi rendition="#rend_italic">(</hi>kṛntati</w>
                        <gloss><q>he is cutting</q></gloss></mentioned>). This word is also related
                    to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4199e260" xml:id="mentioned_d4199e335" xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
                        <w>skaštəl<hi rendition="#rend_italic">:</hi> skaṇ(uz-kṛnt-?)</w>
                        <gloss><q>to cut off</q></gloss></mentioned>. — In Ossetic the verb is
                    attested in combination with preverbs as well: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_gærdyn"/> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">igærdun</hi> (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">*vi-kart-</hi>) ‘to cut up’; <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærgævdyn"/> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ævgærdun</hi> (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">*abi-kart-</hi>) ‘to
                    slaughter (an animal)’; <ref type="xr" target="#entry_lægærdyn"/>
                    (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">*fra-kart-</hi>) ‘to make one's way through something’. See also <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kard"/> 'knifeʼ, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kærdīx"/>
                    ‘piece’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kærdæg"/> ‘grass’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kærdcyg"/> ‘grass stuble’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ugærdæn"/> ‘hay mowing’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ugard"/> ‘incision’, %r1%r<ref type="xr" target="#entry_kærdæn"/> ‘headscarf’,
                        %r2%r<ref type="xr" target="#entry_kærdæn"/> ‘scissors’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xæskard"/> ‘scissors’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ævgærdæn"/> ‘neck’.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>III 143</biblScope></bibl>;
                            <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/><biblScope>56</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
            </entry>
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