<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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      <titleStmt>
        <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">qæpæn</hi></title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
        Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
          <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
          <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
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      <tagsDecl>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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  <text>
    <body>
      <entry xml:id="entry_qæpæn" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
        <form xml:id="form_d1323e66" type="lemma"><orth>qæpæn</orth><form xml:id="form_mīty_qæpæn" type="variant" subtype="parens">
          <orth>mīty qæpæn</orth>
        </form></form>
        <sense xml:id="sense_d1323e78"><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
                <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">уплотненный ветром снежный занос, снежный
                  наст, снежный сугроб</q>
              </tr><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
                <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">wind-compacted snow drift, snow crust,
                  snowbank</q>
              </tr></sense>
        <exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d1323e91">
          <example xml:id="example_d1323e93">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">jæ bæx nal færæzta mītæj æmæ qæpæntæj</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">его (Урузмага) конь выбился из сил от снега и
                сугробов</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">his (Uruzmag’s) horse was exhausted from snow
                and snowdrifts</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
              <biblScope>I 163</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d1323e116">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">sīsy
              <?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20220410T205241+0300" comment="не уверена"?>x˳ynḱʼytæj<?oxy_comment_end ?>
              xæʒarmæ mīty qæpæntæ tymyǧ xasta</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">сквозь щели в стене метель наносила в дом
                снежные сугробы</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">through the cracks in the wall, a blizzard
                brought snowdrifts into the house</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
              <biblScope>75</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d1323e143">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">tymyǧ (Qūdy kommæ) mīty qæpæntæ ingænmæ
              kalægaw fækaly</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">метель кидает (в Кудское ущелье), как в могилу,
                снежные сугробы</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a blizzard throws snowdrifts (into the Kudsky
                Gorge), as if into a grave</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
              <biblScope>75</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d1323e166">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">qæpænty nynnyxstī fællad bæx</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">усталый конь увяз в сугробах</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the tired horse got stuck in snowdrifts</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
              <biblScope>1958 III 20</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d1323e189">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">xærdaīv ūrs læǧz qæpænyl q˳yst sald wafsy
              qys-qys</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">по крутому белому гладкому насту слышалось
                поскрипывание мерзлой подошвы</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the creaking of the frozen sole could be heard
                on the steep white smooth floor</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Bar."/>
              <biblScope>69</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d1323e213">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">fæbyrydtæn wæd qæpænyl</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">тут я поскользнулся на насте"</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Then I slipped on the snow crust</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Bar.">ibid.</ref></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d1323e235">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">kʼæʒæxtæ dær nal zyndysty mīty
              qæpæntæj</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">даже скалы не были видны под снежными
                сугробами</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">even the rocks were not visible under the
                snowdrifts</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
              <biblScope>87</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d1323e258">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">fændægtyl qæpæntæ sæværdta, æmæ calymmæ rafæd
              kænoj, wædmæ cʼīw dær næ batæxʒæn ūrdæm</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">на дороги нанесло сугробы, и пока не протопчут
                дорогу (<q>след</q>), туда и птичка не долетит</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">snowdrifts have been deposited on the roads,
                and until they trample the road (<q>trail</q>), the bird will not fly there
                either</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
              <biblScope>1958 V 47</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
        </exampleGrp>
        <etym xml:lang="ru">Примыкает к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1323e437" xml:id="mentioned_d1323e288" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
            <w>кабан</w>
            <gloss>1. <q>глыба льда</q></gloss>, <gloss>2. <q>глыба руды или горной
              породы</q></gloss>, <gloss>3. <q>стог сена</q>, <q>копна</q></gloss></mentioned>. И
          русское и осетинское слово идут, очевидно, из <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1323e456" xml:id="mentioned_d1323e307" xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
            <w>qaba(n)</w>
            <gloss>1. <q>толстый</q>, <q>большой</q></gloss>, <gloss>2. <q>кабан</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Радлов"/>
                <biblScope>II 433, 439</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Lokotsch"/>
                <biblScope>78</biblScope></bibl>)</note>, <w>qäpan</w>, <w>qäbän</w>
            <gloss><q>копна</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Räsänen._Versuch"/> <biblScope>s.
            v.</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Вошло и в угро-финские языки (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Joki"/>
            <biblScope>176—177</biblScope></bibl>). Связующее значение: <q>большая масса</q>,
            <q>нагромождение</q>. Ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1323e511" xml:id="mentioned_d1323e362" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
            <w>kapani</w>
            <gloss><q>каменистое место</q>, <q>скала</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Чубинов"/>
                <biblScope>со ссылкой на Руставели 397</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>,
            <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1323e529" xml:id="mentioned_d1323e380" xml:lang="ka-x-dial"><lang>(диал.)</lang>
            <w>da-kʼapʼan-eba</w>
            <gloss><q>нагружать (чрезмерно)</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Беридзе"/>
                <biblScope>19</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>.— <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Bailey</hi> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOAS">BSOAS</ref>
            <biblScope>1963 XXVI 84</biblScope></bibl>) возводит к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1323e554" xml:id="mentioned_d1323e405" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">gafana-</w>
            <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1323e562" xml:id="mentioned_d1323e413" xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
                <w>ɣāfc</w>
                <gloss><q>жирный</q></gloss></mentioned> и пр.)</note></mentioned>. Однако в этом
          случае <c>p</c> в <oRef/> остается загадочным. В конечном счете, возможно, идеофон, как и
            <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1323e576" xml:id="mentioned_d1323e427" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
            <w>копа</w>, <w>копна</w></mentioned>.</etym>
        <etym xml:lang="en">The words is close to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1323e288" xml:id="mentioned_d1323e437" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
            <w>kaban</w>
            <gloss>1. <q>a block of ice</q></gloss>, <gloss>2. <q>a block of ore or
            rock</q></gloss>, <gloss>3. <q>haystack</q>, <q>mop</q></gloss></mentioned>. Both
          Russian and Ossetic words eventually come from <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1323e307" xml:id="mentioned_d1323e456" xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
            <w>qaba(n)</w>
            <gloss>1. <q>thick</q>, <q>big</q></gloss>, <gloss>2. <q>hog</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Радлов"/>
                <biblScope>II 433, 439</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Lokotsch"/>
                <biblScope>78</biblScope></bibl>)</note>, <w>qäpan</w>, <w>qäbän</w>
            <gloss><q>mop</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Räsänen._Versuch"/> <biblScope>s.
            v.</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. It has entered Finno-Ugric languages, as well
              (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Joki"/>
            <biblScope>176—177</biblScope></bibl>). A binding meaning: <q>big mass</q>, <q>piling
            up</q>. Cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1323e362" xml:id="mentioned_d1323e511" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
            <w>kapani</w>
            <gloss><q>rocky place</q>, <q>rock</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Чубинов"/>
                <biblScope>with the link to Rustaveli 397</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>,
            <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1323e380" xml:id="mentioned_d1323e529" xml:lang="ka-x-dial"><lang>(dialectal)</lang>
            <w>da-kʼapʼan-eba</w>
            <gloss><q>load (excessively)</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Беридзе"/>
                <biblScope>19</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. — <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Bailey</hi> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOAS">BSOAS</ref>
            <biblScope>1963 XXVI 84</biblScope></bibl>) traces the word back to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1323e405" xml:id="mentioned_d1323e554" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">gafana-</w>
            <note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1323e413" xml:id="mentioned_d1323e562" xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
                <w>ɣāfc</w>
                <gloss><q>fat</q></gloss></mentioned> etc.)</note></mentioned>. However, in this
          case <c>p</c> in <oRef/> remains unclear. Ultimately, perhaps it is an ideophone, as well
          as <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1323e427" xml:id="mentioned_d1323e576" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
            <w>kopa</w>, <w>kopna</w></mentioned>.</etym>
      </entry>
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