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      <titleStmt>
        <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">zaǧd</hi></title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
        Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
          <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
          <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
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        <rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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    <body>
      <entry xml:id="entry_zaǧd" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
        <form xml:id="form_d935e66" type="lemma"><orth>zaǧd</orth></form>
        <sense n="1">
          <sense xml:id="sense_d935e69">
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>брань</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>scolding</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
          <sense>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>ссора</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>argument</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
          <re>
            <form type="lemma"><orth>zaǧd kænyn</orth></form>
            <sense>
              <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
                <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">браниться</q>
              </tr>
              <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
                <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">scold</q>
              </tr>
            </sense>
          </re>
          <re>
            <form type="lemma"><orth>zaǧd kʼaxyn</orth></form>
            <sense>
              <sense>
                <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
                  <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">вызывать на ссору</q>
                </tr>
                <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
                  <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">call to a quarrel</q>
                </tr>
              </sense>
              <sense>
                <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                  <q>задирать(ся)</q>
                </abv:tr>
                <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                  <q>bully</q>
                </abv:tr>
              </sense>
            </sense>
          </re>
          <re>
            <form type="lemma"><orth>zæǧdærgom</orth></form>
            <sense>
              <sense>
                <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
                  <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">склонный к брани</q>
                </tr>
                <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
                  <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">quarrelsome</q>
                </tr>
              </sense>
              <sense>
                <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                  <q>вспыльчивый</q>
                </abv:tr>
                <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                  <q>hot-tempered</q>
                </abv:tr>
              </sense>
            </sense>
          </re>
          <re>
            <form type="lemma"><orth>zæǧdǵyn</orth></form>
            <sense>
              <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
                <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">находящийся в дурном настроении в результате
                  ссоры, брани</q>
              </tr>
              <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
                <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">in a bad mood as a result of a quarrel</q>
              </tr>
            </sense>
          </re>
        </sense>
        <sense n="2">
          <sense>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>сказанное</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>said</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
          <sense>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>слово</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>word</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
          <sense>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>речь</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>speech</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
        </sense>
        <exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" n="1">
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">tyngdæræj tyngdær īw kodta sæ
                <oRef>zaǧdy</oRef> qær</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">все сильнее становился шум их брани</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the noise of their scolding grew stronger and
                stronger</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
              <biblScope>72</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>zaǧdkʼaxægæn</oRef> — nad</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">забияке — трепку</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><?oxy_comment_start author="irina" timestamp="20230707T110630+0300" comment="сомнительно..."?>for
                a bully – threshing<?oxy_comment_end ?></q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
              <biblScope>117</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æppyn nīcæwyl dær <oRef>zaǧd</oRef>
              samajy</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">по всякому пустяку затевает (<q>громоздит</q>)
                ссору</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he starts a quarrel over every trifle</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
              <biblScope>1972 VI 20</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Nadja tyngæj tyngdær fyxtīs,
                <oRef>zaǧdkʼaxæn</oRef> kodta</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Надя все больше кипятилась, вызывала на
                ссору</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Nadia was getting more and more angry, provoked
                a quarrel</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
              <biblScope>1972 VI 20</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>zaǧd</oRef> syn bacajdaǧ;
                <oRef>zaǧd</oRef> xylmæ azdæxtī</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">у них завязалась ссора; ссора перешла в
                драку</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">they got into a quarrel; the quarrel turned
                into a fight</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
              <biblScope>93–94</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
        </exampleGrp>
        <exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" n="2">
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">otæ sæ <oRef>zaǧd</oRef> xæssuncæ sæ
              xorbadæni Kʼamatæ</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">так ведут свою речь на собрании Камаевы</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">this is how the Kamaevs conduct their speech at
                the meeting</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
              <biblScope>40</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mænæn dær ew <oRef>zaǧdi</oRef> baræ
              raddajtæ</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">и мне дайте право на одно слово</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">let me have a word too</q>
            </tr>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">kæjdær <oRef>zaǧdaw</oRef>...</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">как кто-то сказал...</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">like someone said...</q>
            </tr>
          </example>
        </exampleGrp>
        <etym xml:lang="ru">Лексикализованное прош. причастие от <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zæǧyn"><w>zæǧyn</w>
            <gloss><q>сказать</q></gloss></ref>. Исходное значение было <q>речь</q>,
          <q>разговор</q>. Это значение можно еще распознать в некоторых текстах, — см. выше цитату
              (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
            <biblScope>40</biblScope></bibl>). Ср. также выражение <example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">zaǧdaw</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">как говорится</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">как говорится</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
              <biblScope>II 109</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>, <example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="os">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dæ zaǧdaw</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">как ты сказал</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">как ты сказал</q>
            </tr>
          </example>. В дальнейшем <oRef>zaǧd</oRef> стало означать по преимуществу <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">крупный</q> разговор, ссору. По семантическому развитию
            (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">речь</q> → <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">ссора</q>) ср. <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
            <w>zurga</w>
            <gloss><q>ссора</q></gloss></mentioned> при <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><w>zur̃gti</w>
            <gloss><q>бормотать</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Fraenkel"/>
                <biblScope>II 1280</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. — См. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zæǧyn"/>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
            <biblScope>570</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
        <etym xml:lang="en">A lexicalized past participle from <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zæǧyn"><w>zæǧyn</w>
            <gloss><q>say</q></gloss></ref>. The initial meaning was <q>speech</q>, <q>talk</q>.
          This meaning can still be recognized in some texts – see the quotation above (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
            <biblScope>40</biblScope></bibl>). Cf. also the expression <example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">zaǧdaw</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">как говорится</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">as the saying goes</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
              <biblScope>II 109</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>, <example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="os">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dæ zaǧdaw</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">как ты сказал</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">as you said</q>
            </tr>
          </example>. Further <oRef>zaǧd</oRef> began to mean mainly a <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">big</q> conversation, a quarrel. As for the semantic
          development (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">speech</q> → <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">quarrel</q>), cf. <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
            <w>zurga</w>
            <gloss><q>quarrel</q></gloss></mentioned> next to <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><w>zur̃gti</w>
            <gloss><q>mutter</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Fraenkel"/>
                <biblScope>II 1280</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. — See <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zæǧyn"/>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
            <biblScope>570</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
      </entry>
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