<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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      <titleStmt>
        <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">zyng</hi></title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
        Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
          <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
          <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
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        <rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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  <text>
    <body>
      <entry xml:id="entry_zyng" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
        <form xml:id="form_d5241e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>zyng</orth></form>
        <form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>zing</orth></form>
        <sense>
          <sense xml:id="sense_d5241e69">
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>горящий, раскаленный уголь</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>burning hot coal</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
          <sense>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>огонь</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>fire</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
        </sense>
        <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_art"><w>art</w>
            <gloss><q>огонь</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>пламя</q></gloss>,
            <gloss><q>костер</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cæxær"><w>cæxær</w>
            <gloss><q>горящие уголья</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>искры</q></gloss></ref></note>
        <note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_art"><w>art</w>
            <gloss><q>fire</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>flame</q></gloss>,
            <gloss><q>bonfire</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cæxær"><w>cæxær</w>
            <gloss><q>burning coals</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>sparks</q></gloss></ref></note>
        <re>
          <re>
            <form type="lemma"><orth>zynggænæn</orth></form>
          </re>
          <re>
            <form type="lemma"><orth>zyngxos</orth></form>
          </re>
          <sense>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">огниво</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">flint</q>
            </tr>
            <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (на языке охотников)</note>
            <note xml:lang="en" type="comment">
              (<?oxy_comment_start author="irina" timestamp="20230724T113137+0300" comment="?"?>in
              the language of hunters<?oxy_comment_end ?>)</note>
          </sense>
        </re>
        <re xml:lang="os-x-digor">
          <form type="lemma"><lang/><orth>zingæftawæn topp</orth></form>
          <sense>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">кремневое ружье</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">flintlock gun</q>
            </tr>
          </sense>
          <note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
              <biblScope>2</biblScope></bibl>)</note>
        </re>
        <re>
          <form type="lemma"><orth>zynggūr</orth></form>
          <sense>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">просящий огня</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">asking for fire</q>
            </tr>
          </sense>
        </re>
        <exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>zyng</oRef> festy zærdæ</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">сердце становится как пылающий уголь</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the heart becomes like a burning coal</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
              <biblScope>60</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">cævæg dūryl sæmbæld, <oRef>zyng</oRef>
              acaǧta</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">коса попала на камень, высекла огонь</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the scythe hit a stone, struck a fire</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
              <biblScope>118</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æxsæv <oRef>zyng</oRef> næ læværdæ ū</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ночью не принято давать огня</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">at night it is not customary to give fire</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/>
              <biblScope>72</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">acū, wælæ rūxs kæcæj cæwy, ūrdæm æmæ nyn
                <oRef>zyng</oRef> ærxæss</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">иди вон туда, откуда идет свет, и принеси нам
                огня</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">go out where the light comes from and bring us
                fire</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Нарт._сказ."/>
              <biblScope>157</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>zyng</oRef> æmæ fæzdæg xæʒaræn jæ cardy
              nysan sty</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">огонь и дым — знак того, что в доме есть
                жизнь</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">fire and smoke are a sign that there is life in
                the house</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
              <biblScope>III 234</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><q><oRef>zyng</oRef></q> zæǧynæj kom næ
              sūʒy</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">от того, что скажешь <q>огонь</q>, рот не
                обжигается</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">saying the word <q>fire</q> will not burn your
                mouth</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
              <biblScope>III 234</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">xæʒarmæ bawadī syxægty ūs
                <oRef>zynggur</oRef></quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">в дом забежала соседка просить огня</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a
                <?oxy_comment_start author="irina" timestamp="20230724T113518+0300" comment="соседка?"?>neighbour<?oxy_comment_end ?>
                ran into the house to ask for fire</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Arsen"/>
              <biblScope>35</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">cudtæn zundgor..., cuma
              <oRef>zinggor</oRef></quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">я ходил в поисках разума, как просящий огня</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I walked in search of reason, like a beggar of
                fire</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Тайм._Мӕ_уарзт"/>
              <biblScope>23</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
        </exampleGrp>
        <re>
          <form type="lemma"><orth>dæ <oRef>zyng</oRef> ax˳yssa!</orth></form>
          <sense>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" rendition="#rend_doublequotes">да погаснет твой
                огонь!</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" rendition="#rend_doublequotes">let your fire go
                out!</q>
            </tr>
          </sense>
          <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (бранное выражение)</note>
          <note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (expletive expression)</note>
        </re>
        <etym xml:lang="ru">Вероятно, из <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">uz-anga-</w></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">ang-</w>, <w type="rec">ong-</w>
            <gloss><q>уголь</q></gloss></mentioned>) с вторичным перебоем <c>a</c> → <c>i</c>, как в
            <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tyng"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ingæn"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fynddæs"/> и др. Ср. <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
            <w>angišt</w>
            <gloss><q>уголь</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <w>aṅgāra-</w>
            <gloss><q>горящий уголь</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sla"><lang>праслав.</lang>
            <w type="rec">angli-</w></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
            <w>уголь</w></mentioned> ), <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
            <w>anglìs</w>
            <gloss><q>уголь</q></gloss></mentioned>. Вся эта группа стоит, по-видимому, в отдаленном
          родстве с индоевропейским названием <q>огня</q>: <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <w>agni-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sla"><lang/>
            <w>ogn’</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
            <w>ignis</w></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">ṇgnis</w></mentioned>). — Из осетинского идут <mentioned xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><lang/>
            <w>zink</w>, <w>žing</w>
            <gloss><q>горящие уголья</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
                <biblScope>280</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="krc-x-karachay"><lang/>
            <w>šinqart</w>
            <note type="comment">(= oc. <oRef>zyng</oRef>-<ref type="xr" target="#entry_art"/>)</note>
            <gloss><q>большой огонь, разводимый ночью для защиты стада от
            волков</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="krc-x-karachay"><w>ṣingart</w>,
              <w>ṣinkart</w>
            <gloss><q>a big open-air fire made on the occasion of a wedding feast</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Eren</author>, <title>Studia Caucasica</title>
                <biblScope>1963 I 115</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>.</etym>
        <etym xml:lang="en">Probably, from <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">uz-anga-</w></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">ang-</w>, <w type="rec">ong-</w>
            <gloss><q>coal</q></gloss></mentioned>) with the secondary <?oxy_comment_start author="irina" timestamp="20230724T113619+0300" comment="перебой"?>change<?oxy_comment_end ?>
          <c>a</c> → <c>i</c>, as in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tyng"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ingæn"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fynddæs"/> etc. Cf. <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
            <w>angišt</w>
            <gloss><q>coal</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <w>aṅgāra-</w>
            <gloss><q>burning coal</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sla"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">angli-</w></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
            <w>ugolʹ</w></mentioned> ), <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
            <w>anglìs</w>
            <gloss><q>coal</q></gloss></mentioned>. This whole group is, apparently, in a distant
          relationship with the Indo-European name for <q>fire</q>: <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <w>agni-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sla"><lang/>
            <w>ogn’</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
            <w>ignis</w></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">ṇgnis</w></mentioned>). — From Ossetic there are <mentioned xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><lang/>
            <w>zink</w>, <w>žing</w>
            <gloss><q>burning coals</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
                <biblScope>280</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="krc-x-karachay"><lang/>
            <w>šinqart</w>
            <note type="comment">(= Ossetic <oRef>zyng</oRef>-<ref type="xr" target="#entry_art"/>)</note>
            <gloss><q>large fire built at night to protect the herd from
            wolves</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="krc-x-karachay"><w>ṣingart</w>,
              <w>ṣinkart</w>
            <gloss><q>a big open-air fire made on the occasion of a wedding feast</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Eren</author>, <title>Studia Caucasica</title>
                <biblScope>1963 I 115</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>.</etym>
      </entry>
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