<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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      <titleStmt>
        <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">wyrg</hi></title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
        Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
          <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
          <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
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      <tagsDecl>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
      </tagsDecl>
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  <text>
    <body>
      <entry xml:id="entry_wyrg" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
        <form xml:id="form_d2984e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>wyrg</orth></form>
        <form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>urg</orth></form>
        <sense xml:id="sense_d2984e69">
          <sense>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>почка</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>kidney</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (анат.)</note>
            <note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (anatomical)</note>
          </sense>
          <sense>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>Ren</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>Ren</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
        </sense>
        <re>
          <form type="lemma"><orth>wyrgvīw</orth><form type="variant"><orth>wyrgfīw</orth></form></form>
          <sense>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">почечный жир</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">kidney fat</q>
            </tr>
          </sense>
        </re>
        <re>
          <form type="lemma"><orth>wyrgæftyd</orth></form>
          <sense>
            <sense>
              <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
                <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">c упавшими (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_æftyn">æftyd</ref>) почками (<oRef>wyrg</oRef>)</q>
              </tr>
              <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
                <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">with fallen (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_æftyn">æftyd</ref>) kidneys (<oRef>wyrg</oRef>)</q>
              </tr>
            </sense>
            <sense>
              <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                <q>надорвавшийся</q>
              </abv:tr>
              <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                <q>overstrained</q>
              </abv:tr>
            </sense>
          </sense>
        </re>
        <exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">sædæjmag bon sædæ sirdi ramardta; onæn sæ
                <oRef>urgfiwtæj</oRef> fezongutæ fækkodta</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">на сотый день он убил сто зверей; из их
                почечного жира он наделал шашлыки</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">on the hundredth day he killed a hundred of
                animals; from their kidney fat he made kebabs</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_DZ"/>
              <biblScope>177</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æxsævæj, bonæj bælæstæ kalync, sūg fadync;
                <oRef>wyrgæftyd</oRef> k˳yd næma festy!</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ночью (и) днем валят деревья, рубят дрова; как
                они до сих пор не надорвались!</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">night (and) day [they] fell trees, chop woods;
                how did they still not overstrained!</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
              <date>1973</date>
              <biblScope>I 23</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mæ sonty bonty æz <oRef>wyrgæftyd</oRef>
              fædæn kæjdær ærǧæmtty byn</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">в дни неразумной (юности) я надорвался под
                чужими ношами</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">in the days of the unwise (youth) I
                overstrained under other people's loads</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Niger"/>
              <biblScope>124</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
        </exampleGrp>
        <etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к <w>wṛtka-</w> от <w>wṛt-</w>
          <gloss><q>крутить</q></gloss>. По семантическому образованию ср. <mentioned xml:lang="sl"><lang/>
            <w>voleki</w>
            <gloss><q>почки</q></gloss> рядом с <w>za-võlek</w>
            <gloss><q>узел</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><title>Этимология 1971</title>,
              <pubPlace>М.</pubPlace>, <date>1973</date>, <biblScope>стр. 88</biblScope></bibl>),
            <mentioned xml:lang="pl"><lang/>
            <w>po-krątki</w>
            <gloss><q>почки</q></gloss>, буквально <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">покрутки</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><author>Marstrander</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_IF"/>
            <biblScope>20, стр. 347</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Petersson</author>.
              <title>Arische und armenische Studien</title>. <pubPlace>Lund</pubPlace>,
              <date>1920</date>, <biblScope>стр. 49</biblScope></bibl>). Ср. также <mentioned xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
            <w>bükmä</w>, <w>büǵräk</w>
            <gloss><q>почка</q></gloss> от <w>bük-</w>
            <gloss><q>крутить</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>вертеть</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Радлов"/>
            <biblScope>IV 1876, 1881, 1882</biblScope></bibl>). Ср. <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
            <w>gurda</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
            <w>gurtak</w> (из <w type="rec">wartak</w>)</mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fa-x-dial"><lang/>
            <w>bulk</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
            <w>gurčik</w></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Курдоев"/>
            <biblScope>295</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
            <w>guṭṭiγ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
            <w>puṣ̌ta-warga</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="mnj"><lang/>
            <w>wúlga</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ydg"><lang/>
            <w>wulγa</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="isk" extralang="sgy"><lang/>
            <w>woḷk</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
            <w>wuγ̌ǰ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
            <w>welk</w>, <w>wəlk</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
            <w>gurkak</w>, <w>γurkak</w></mentioned> (из <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
            <w>gurtak</w></mentioned>?), <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
            <w>bilga</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
            <w>vərəδka-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <w>vṛkkau</w> (dualis) (из <w type="rec">wṛtka-</w>)</mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="psh"><lang/>
            <w>waṭṭəvik</w>
            <gloss><q>почка</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._IIFL"/>
            <biblScope>II 261</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Mayrhofer"/>
            <biblScope>III 242</biblScope></bibl>). — Из сарматского (аланского) идут некоторые
          угро-финские названия почки: <mentioned xml:lang="chm"><lang>мари</lang>
            <w>werγə</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kv"><lang/>
            <w>vörk</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kca"><lang/>
            <w>wεrek</w></mentioned> (<bibl><author>Munkácsi</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_KSz."/>
            <biblScope>IV 376</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Jacobsohn"/><biblScope>220—221</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Collinder"/>
            <biblScope>140</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Барроу</author>.
              <title>Санскрит</title>. <pubPlace>M.</pubPlace>, <date>1976</date>, <biblScope>стр.
              28</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Лыткин_Гуляев"/>
            <biblScope>68</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Joki._UuI"/>
            <biblScope>341—342</biblScope></bibl>). — Ср. другие названия внутренних органов в
          осетинском: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zærdæ"><w>zærdæ</w>
            <gloss><q>сердце</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_igær"><w>igær</w>
            <gloss><q>печень</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ræw"><w>rawæg</w>
            <gloss><q>легкое</q></gloss></ref>. <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
            <biblScope>18</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Benveniste._Etudes"/>
            <biblScope>81</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
        <etym xml:lang="en">Goes back to <w>wṛtka-</w> from <w>wṛt-</w>
          <gloss><q>to twist</q></gloss>. As for semantic derivation, cf. <mentioned xml:lang="sl"><lang/>
            <w>voleki</w>
            <gloss><q>kidneys</q></gloss> along with <w>za-võlek</w>
            <gloss><q>knot</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><title>Ètimologija 1971</title>
              [<title>The etymology 1971</title>], <pubPlace>Moscow</pubPlace>, <date>1973</date>,
              <biblScope>p. 88</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="pl"><lang/>
            <w>po-krątki</w>
            <gloss><q>kidneys</q></gloss>, literally <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">swirls</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><author>Marstrander</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_IF"/>
            <biblScope>20, p. 347</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Petersson</author>.
              <title>Arische und armenische Studien</title>. <pubPlace>Lund</pubPlace>,
              <date>1920</date>, <biblScope>p. 49</biblScope></bibl>). Cf. also <mentioned xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
            <w>bükmä</w>, <w>büǵräk</w>
            <gloss><q>kidney</q></gloss> from <w>bük-</w>
            <gloss><q>twist</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>twirl</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Радлов"/>
            <biblScope>IV 1876, 1881, 1882</biblScope></bibl>). Cf. <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
            <w>gurda</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
            <w>gurtak</w> (from <w type="rec">wartak</w>)</mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fa-x-dial"><lang/>
            <w>bulk</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
            <w>gurčik</w></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Курдоев"/>
            <biblScope>295</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
            <w>guṭṭiγ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
            <w>puṣ̌ta-warga</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="mnj"><lang/>
            <w>wúlga</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ydg"><lang/>
            <w>wulγa</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="isk" extralang="sgy"><lang/>
            <w>woḷk</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
            <w>wuγ̌ǰ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
            <w>welk</w>, <w>wəlk</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
            <w>gurkak</w>, <w>γurkak</w></mentioned> (from <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
            <w>gurtak</w></mentioned>?), <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
            <w>bilga</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
            <w>vərəδka-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <w>vṛkkau</w> (dualis) (from <w type="rec">wṛtka-</w>)</mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="psh"><lang/>
            <w>waṭṭəvik</w>
            <gloss><q>kidney</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._IIFL"/>
            <biblScope>II 261</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Mayrhofer"/>
            <biblScope>III 242</biblScope></bibl>). — From Sarmatian (Alanian) are borrowed somme
          Finno-Ugric names of a kidney: <mentioned xml:lang="chm"><lang/>
            <w>werγə</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kv"><lang/>
            <w>vörk</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kca"><lang/>
            <w>wεrek</w></mentioned> (<bibl><author>Munkácsi</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_KSz."/>
            <biblScope>IV 376</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Jacobsohn"/><biblScope>220—221</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Collinder"/>
            <biblScope>140</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Barrow</author>.
              <title>Sanskrit</title>. <pubPlace>Moscow</pubPlace>, <date>1976</date>, <biblScope>p.
              28</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Лыткин_Гуляев"/>
            <biblScope>68</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Joki._UuI"/>
            <biblScope>341—342</biblScope></bibl>). — Cf. other names of internal organs in Ossetic:
            <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zærdæ"><w>zærdæ</w>
            <gloss><q>heart</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_igær"><w>igær</w>
            <gloss>liver</gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ræw"><w>rawæg</w>
            <gloss><q>lung</q></gloss></ref>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
            <biblScope>18</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Benveniste._Etudes"/>
            <biblScope>81</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
      </entry>
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