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      <titleStmt>
        <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">wirag_1</hi></title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
        Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
          <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
          <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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      <entry xml:id="entry_wirag_1" n="1" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
        <form xml:id="form_d3708e66" type="lemma"><orth>wirag</orth></form>
        <sense xml:id="sense_d3708e69">
          <sense>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>еврей</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>Jew</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
          <sense>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>иудей</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>Hebrew</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
        </sense>
        <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; син. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ʒūtt"><w>ʒūttag</w></ref> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИЭС_I"/>
            <biblScope>400</biblScope></bibl>)</note>
        <note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; synonym <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ʒūtt"><w>ʒūttag</w></ref> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИЭС_I"/>
            <biblScope>400</biblScope></bibl>)</note>
        <exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>wirag</oRef> ysmæg˳yr ī æmæ jæ zærond
              xæstæ īsta</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">еврей обеднел и стал забирать старые долги</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a Jew became poor and started to collect old
                debts</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОТ"/>
              <biblScope>11<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">88</hi></biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dy, <oRef>wirag</oRef> wævgæjæ, k˳yd kūrys
              nwazīnug mænæj?</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">как ты, будучи иудеем, просишь пить у меня?</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">how is it that you, a Jew, ask for a drink from
                me?</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Иоанн"/>
              <biblScope><hi rendition="#rend_italic">4</hi> 9</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">wæd <oRef>wirægtæ</oRef> kæræʒīīmæ bycæw
              bajdydtoj</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">тогда иудеи стали спорить между собой</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">then the Jews began to argue among
                themselves</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Иоанн"/>
              <biblScope><hi rendition="#rend_italic">6</hi> 52</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">saw <oRef>wirægtæ</oRef> saw qumæctæ bewræ
              ærlastoncæ</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">смуглые евреи привезли много черных тканей</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dark-skinned Jews brought lot of black
                tissues</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
              <biblScope>52<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">9</hi></biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
        </exampleGrp>
        <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"><hi rendition="#rend_superscript">1</hi></note>
        <note xml:lang="ru" type="footnote">К этому тексту <name>Вс. Миллер</name> дает примечание
              (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._Диг._сказ."/>
            <biblScope>стр. 143<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">118</hi></biblScope></bibl>):
              <quote><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Уiраг — народ очень напоминающий, по описанию
              внешних черт, горских евреев. Он снабжал дигорцев необходимым материалом для
              носильного платья, кроме черкески и шубы</q></quote></note>
        <note xml:lang="en" type="footnote">To this text <name>Ws. Miller</name> gives a remark
              (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._Диг._сказ."/>
            <biblScope>стр. 143<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">118</hi></biblScope></bibl>):
              <quote><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Yirag is a folk that resembles very much,
              according to the description of their appearance, the mountain Jews. They provided
              Digorian people with necessary fabric for clothing, except of material for Circassian
              coats and fur coats</q></quote></note>
        <etym xml:lang="ru">Из <w type="rec">uriag</w> от <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
            <w>uria</w>
            <gloss><q>еврей</q></gloss> (рядом с <w>ebraeli</w>)</mentioned>, как и <mentioned xml:lang="sva"><lang/>
            <w>wiria</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ab"><lang/>
            <w>a-uria</w></mentioned>. Грузинское слово, в свою очередь, усвоено из армянского:
            <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
            <w>hreay</w> (из <w type="rec">hureay</w>) <gloss><q>еврей</q></gloss></mentioned>.
          Последнее восходит к <?oxy_comment_start author="админ" timestamp="20230518T121300+0300" comment="нет языка в списке"?><mentioned><lang/>
            <w>ihūδāyā</w>
            <gloss><q>еврей</q></gloss></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?> или <mentioned xml:lang="arc"><lang/>
            <w>uəhūδāyē</w>
            <gloss><q>евреи</q></gloss></mentioned> с закономерным для армянского переходом <c>δ</c>
          → <c>r</c>, как в <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><w>Bagratʼ</w>, <w>Bagaratʼ</w>
            <gloss>личное имя</gloss></mentioned> из иран. <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>bagaδata-</w>
            <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">богоданный</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><w>spʼarapʼetʼ</w>
            <gloss><q>полководец</q></gloss></mentioned> из <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>spaδapati-</w></mentioned> и мн. др. (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._PSt."/>
            <biblScope>201</biblScope></bibl>). Синонимы и этимологически идентичные ос. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ʒūtt"><w>ʒūttag</w></ref> и <oRef/> — яркий пример того, как
          одно и то же слово в результате разной фонетической эволюции в разных языковых средах
          может дать варианты, абсолютно непохожие друг на друга. О путях распространения этого
          этнонима см.: <bibl><author>Hansen</author>. <biblScope>Über die verschiedenen Quellen der
              christlichen Literatur der Sogder</biblScope>. <publisher>HO</publisher>
            <date>1966</date>
            <biblScope>XXX 98</biblScope></bibl>. <bibl><author>Hübschmann</author>. <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
            <biblScope>125, прим. 1</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ZDMG"/>
            <date>1887</date>
            <biblScope>XLI 331</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Arm._Gr."/>
            <biblScope>309</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
        <etym xml:lang="en">From <w type="rec">uriag</w>, derived from <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
            <w>uria</w>
            <gloss><q>Jew</q></gloss> (along with <w>ebraeli</w>)</mentioned>, as well as <mentioned xml:lang="sva"><lang/>
            <w>wiria</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ab"><lang/>
            <w>a-uria</w></mentioned>. The Georgian word, in its turn, is borrowed from Armenian:
            <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
            <w>hreay</w> (from <w type="rec">hureay</w>) <gloss><q>Jew</q></gloss></mentioned>. The
          latter goes back to
            <?oxy_comment_start author="админ" timestamp="20230518T121300+0300" comment="правильно ли записано?"?><mentioned xml:lang="hbo"><lang/>
            <w>ihūδāyā</w>
            <gloss><q>Jew</q></gloss></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?> or <mentioned xml:lang="arc"><lang/>
            <w>uəhūδāyē</w>
            <gloss><q>Jews</q></gloss></mentioned> with the regular for Armenian sound change
            <c>δ</c> → <c>r</c>, as in <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><w>Bagratʼ</w>, <w>Bagaratʼ</w>
            <gloss>personal name</gloss></mentioned> from Iranian <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>bagaδata-</w>
            <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">heaven-sent</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><w>spʼarapʼetʼ</w>
            <gloss><q>commander</q></gloss></mentioned> from <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>spaδapati-</w></mentioned> and lot of others. (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._PSt."/>
            <biblScope>201</biblScope></bibl>). The synonymous and etymologically identical Ossetic
          words <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ʒūtt"><w>ʒūttag</w></ref> and <oRef/> is a bright
          example of how the same word as a result of different phonetic evolution and in different
          language enviroments may result in variants which are absolutely dissimilar. About the
          ways of propagation of this ethnonym see: <bibl><author>Hansen</author>. <biblScope>Über
              die verschiedenen Quellen der christlichen Literatur der Sogder</biblScope>.
              <publisher>HO</publisher>
            <date>1966</date>
            <biblScope>XXX 98</biblScope></bibl>. <bibl><author>Hübschmann</author>. <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
            <biblScope>125, note 1</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ZDMG"/>
            <date>1887</date>
            <biblScope>XLI 331</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Arm._Gr."/>
            <biblScope>309</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
      </entry>
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