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            <titleStmt>
                <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">æstæm_1</hi></title>
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            <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
    Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
            <sourceDesc>
                <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
                        <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
                        <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
                        <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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        <rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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            <entry xml:id="entry_æstæm_1" n="1" xml:lang="os">
                <form xml:id="form_d5302e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>æstæm</orth></form>
                <form xml:id="form_d5302e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>æstæn</orth></form>
                <sense xml:id="sense_d5302e72"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                        <q>редкий</q>
                    </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                        <q>rare</q>
                    </abv:tr></sense>
                <re xml:id="re_d5302e82">
                    <form xml:id="form_d5302e84" type="lemma"><orth>æstæm xatt</orth></form>
                    <sense xml:id="sense_d5302e87"><sense xml:id="sense_d5302e88"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                                <q>редко</q>
                            </abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d5302e93"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                                <q>изредка</q>
                            </abv:tr></sense></sense>
                </re>
                <abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d5302e100">
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d5302e102">
                        <quote>læǵy x˳yzæn læg næm — æstæm</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>мужу подобный муж у нас редок</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>a man-like man is rare</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>31</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d5302e121" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote>ʽstæm zinnuj ʒi i fecawæg, ʽstæn kæsuj imæ i xor</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>редко виден там путник, редко заглядывает туда солнце</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>a traveler is rarely seen there, the sun rarely shines there</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/><biblScope>60</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d5302e143" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote>kʼærnixæn æ koj æstæn æj</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>редко слышно о воровстве</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>on can rarely hear about thievery</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Qazb."/><biblScope>22</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d5302e165" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote>æstænmæ… gær æriǧusidæ mæ ǧosi</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>изредка шум доносится до моих ушей</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>noise rarely reaches my ears</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Sam."/><biblScope>83</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d5302e187">
                        <quote>æxsævæ æstænmæ funæj kænuj</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>ночью он редко засыпает</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>he rarely falls asleep at night</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Bes._Ka_ke"/><biblScope>57</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                </abv:exampleGrp>
                <etym xml:lang="ru">Вероятно, идентично с <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æstæm"/>
                    „восьмой“, „встречающийся в пропорции один на восемь“. Использование в данном
                    случае числа „восемь“ объясняется тем, что это число имело в старом осетинском
                    счете особое значение „круглого числа“, „множества“; см. об этом под <ref type="xr" target="#entry_farast"/> ‘девять’, буквально „за восемью“. См.
                        <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æstæm"/> ‘восьмой’,</etym>
                <etym xml:lang="en">Probably, it is identical with <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æstæm"/> ‘eighth’, ‘one that is found in ratio 1 to 8’. The
                    use of the number eight in this case may be explained as follows: this number
                    had a special meaning of a ‘round number’, ‘multitude’ in the old counting
                    system of Ossetic; for more information see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_farast"/> ‘nine’, literally ‘after eight’. See <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æstæm"/> ‘eighth’.</etym>
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