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            <titleStmt>
                <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <w>æfxæryn</w></title>
            </titleStmt>
            <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
    Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
            <sourceDesc>
                <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
                        <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
                        <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
                        <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
            </sourceDesc>
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        <rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "<gloss><q>" "</q></gloss>";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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        <body>
            <entry xml:id="entry_æfxæryn" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="complete">
                <?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240131T131830+0300" comment="checked"?>
                <form xml:id="form_d4346e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>æfxæryn</orth>
                    <form xml:id="form_d4346e68" type="participle"><orth>æfxærd</orth></form></form><?oxy_comment_end ?>
                <form xml:id="form_d4346e71" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>æfxwærun</orth>
                    <form xml:id="form_d4346e73" type="participle"><orth>æfxward</orth></form></form>
                <sense xml:id="sense_d4346e76">
                    <sense xml:id="sense_d4346e77">
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>обижать</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>to offend</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                    </sense>
                    <sense xml:id="sense_d4346e86">
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>оскорблять</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>to insult</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                    </sense>
                    <sense xml:id="sense_d4346e95">
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>выговаривать</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>to rebuke</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                    </sense>
                    <sense xml:id="sense_d4346e104">
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>наказывать</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>to punish</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                    </sense>
                </sense>
                <abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d4346e114">
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d4346e116">
                        <quote>aj dyn mæ fydy mard, aj dyn mæ mady <oRef>’fxærd</oRef>!</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>это тебе за убийство моего отца, это тебе за оскорбление моей
                                матери!</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>this is to you for killing my father, this is to you for insulting my
                                mother!</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Æfx._Xæs."/>
                            <biblScope>104</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d4346e135">
                        <quote><oRef>bafxærdta</oRef> mæ, mæ card myn bassæsta</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>он оскорбил меня, растоптал мою жизнь</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>he insulted me, trampled on my life</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/>
                            <biblScope>145</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d4346e154">
                        <quote>Narty… ʒawmatæ raxæsson æmæ sæ <oRef>bafxæron</oRef></quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>заберу я у Нартов одежды и оскорблю их</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>I will take the clothes from Narts and insult them</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
                            <biblScope>I 26</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d4346e173" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote>me <oRef>’fxward</oRef>, mæ xodujnag næ feronx kænʒænæn</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>мое оскорбление, мой позор я не забуду</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>I will not forget the offense against me, my shaming</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d4346e191" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote>ma osi fidæ mæ <oRef>bafxwardta</oRef></quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>мой тесть оскорбил меня</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>my father-in-law insulted me</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
                            <biblScope>I 92</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d4346e214">
                        <quote>Asiat, acy æmgærtty fyccag dy <oRef>bafxærdtaj</oRef>, nyr ta ūdon
                            dæw bafxærdtoj</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>Асиат, этих друзей сперва ты обидела, теперь они тебя обидели</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>Asiat, you offended these friends first, now they offended you</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/>
                            <biblScope>53</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d4346e233" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote>cæmæn mæ bayxwardtajtæ?</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>почему вы меня обидели?</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>why did you hurt me?</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/>
                            <biblScope>30<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">6</hi></biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d4346e255" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote>rawænæj rawænti don fur <oRef>æfxwærnitæ nikkænuj</oRef></quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>местами река сильно размывает (<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">производит
                                    повреждения</q></gloss>)</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>in some places the river erodes (<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">damages</q></gloss>) much</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Bes._Ka_ke"/>
                            <biblScope>47</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d4346e277">
                        <quote><oRef>æfxwærnitæ</oRef> iskʼanæwttæ uncæ</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>размытые водой места обращаются в канавы</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>places washed out by water turn into ditches</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_AK"/>
                            <biblScope>III 59</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                </abv:exampleGrp>
                <etym xml:lang="ru">Сращение <mentioned xml:lang="os"><gloss>непродуктивного ныне
                            преверба</gloss>
                        <m>æv-</m>, <m>æf-</m>
                        <note type="comment">(здесь, вероятно, из <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><m>abi-</m></mentioned>)</note></mentioned> с не сохранившейся
                    в осетинском самостоятельно основой <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>hvar-</w>
                        <gloss><q>ранить</q> и пр.</gloss></mentioned>, вероятно тождественной с
                        <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>hvar-</w>
                        <gloss><q>есть</q></gloss></mentioned>; см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xæryn_1"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">xæryn</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">xwærun</w></ref>. Ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4346e457" xml:id="mentioned_d4346e301" xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
                        <w>le-xorīn</w>
                        <gloss><q>оскорблять</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4346e465" xml:id="mentioned_d4346e309" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
                        <w>xvār</w>
                        <gloss><q>униженный</q></gloss>,
                        <gloss><q>презираемый</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4346e479" xml:id="mentioned_d4346e323" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
                        <w>xvarī</w>
                        <gloss><q>унижение</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4346e488" xml:id="mentioned_d4346e332" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
                        <w>hvara-</w>
                        <gloss><q>рана</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>поранение</q></gloss></mentioned>,
                            <mentioned><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4346e502" xml:id="mentioned_d4346e346" xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
                            <w n="0">хворъ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4346e507" xml:id="mentioned_d4346e352" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
                            <w>хворый</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4346e512" xml:id="mentioned_d4346e357" xml:lang="ru"><w>хворать</w></mentioned>,
                            <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4346e515" xml:id="mentioned_d4346e360" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
                            <w>svṛ-</w>
                        </mentioned><gloss><q>мучить</q></gloss>,
                        <gloss><q>ранить</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4346e530" xml:id="mentioned_d4346e375" xml:lang="de"><lang/>
                        <w>Schwäre</w>
                        <gloss><q>нарыв</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>язва</q></gloss></mentioned>,
                        <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4346e544" xml:id="mentioned_d4346e389" xml:lang="goh"><lang/>
                        <w>swēro</w>
                        <gloss><q>боль</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4346e552" xml:id="mentioned_d4346e397" xml:lang="goh"><w>swēran</w>
                        <gloss><q>болеть</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>нарывать</q></gloss></mentioned>.
                            <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._EVP"/>
                        <biblScope>98</biblScope></bibl> относит сюда же <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4346e569" xml:id="mentioned_d4346e414" xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
                        <w>xwar</w>
                        <gloss><q>кора</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>короста</q></gloss>,
                                <gloss><q>струп</q></gloss></mentioned>. Ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xælmag"><lang/>
                        <w xml:lang="os-x-iron">xælmag</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">xwælmag</w>
                        <gloss><q>струп</q></gloss></ref>. <bibl>Вс. <author>Миллер</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
                        <biblScope>II 73, III 150</biblScope>)</bibl> видит эту же основу в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xæjræg"><w>xæjræg</w>
                        <gloss><q>чорт</q></gloss></ref> и <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xælæg"><w>xælæg</w>
                        <gloss><q>зависть</q></gloss></ref>.</etym>
                <etym xml:lang="en">Fusion of the <mentioned xml:lang="os"><gloss>no longer
                            productive preverb</gloss>
                        <m>æv-</m>, <m>æf-</m>
                        <note type="comment">(here probably from <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><m>abi-</m></mentioned>)</note></mentioned> with the stem
                        <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>hvar-</w>
                        <gloss><q>to hurt</q> etc.</gloss></mentioned>, unpreserved independently in
                    Ossetic and probably equivalent to <w>hvar-</w>
                    <gloss><q>to eat</q></gloss>; cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xæryn_1"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">xæryn</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">xwærun</w></ref>.
                    Compare <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4346e301" xml:id="mentioned_d4346e457" xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
                        <w>le-xorīn</w>
                        <gloss><q>to insult</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4346e309" xml:id="mentioned_d4346e465" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
                        <w>xvār</w>
                        <gloss><q>humiliated</q></gloss>,
                    <gloss><q>despised</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4346e323" xml:id="mentioned_d4346e479" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
                        <w>xvarī</w>
                        <gloss><q>humiliation</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4346e332" xml:id="mentioned_d4346e488" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
                        <w>hvara-</w>
                        <gloss><q>wound</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>injury</q></gloss></mentioned>,
                            <mentioned><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4346e346" xml:id="mentioned_d4346e502" xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
                            <w>xvorъ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4346e352" xml:id="mentioned_d4346e507" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
                            <w>xvoryj</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4346e357" xml:id="mentioned_d4346e512" xml:lang="ru"><w>xvoratʼ</w></mentioned>
                        <gloss><q>to be ill</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4346e360" xml:id="mentioned_d4346e515" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
                        <w>svṛ-</w>
                        <gloss><q>to torment</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>to hurt</q></gloss></mentioned>,
                        <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4346e375" xml:id="mentioned_d4346e530" xml:lang="de"><lang/>
                        <w>Schwäre</w>
                        <gloss><q>abscess</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>ulcer</q></gloss></mentioned>,
                        <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4346e389" xml:id="mentioned_d4346e544" xml:lang="goh"><lang/>
                        <w>swēro</w>
                        <gloss><q>pain</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4346e397" xml:id="mentioned_d4346e552" xml:lang="goh"><w>swēran</w>
                        <gloss><q>to ache</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>to have an
                        abscess</q></gloss></mentioned>. <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._EVP"/>
                        <biblScope>98</biblScope></bibl> also attributes here <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4346e414" xml:id="mentioned_d4346e569" xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
                        <w>xwar</w>
                        <gloss><q>(tree) bark</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>scab</q></gloss>,
                                <gloss><q>eschar</q></gloss></mentioned>. Cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xælmag"><lang/>
                        <w xml:lang="os-x-iron">xælmag</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">xwælmag</w>
                        <gloss><q>scab</q></gloss></ref>. <bibl>Ws. <author>Miller</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ">OÈ</ref>
                        <biblScope>II 73, III 150</biblScope>)</bibl> sees the same stem in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xæjræg"><w>xæjræg</w>
                        <gloss><q>devil</q></gloss></ref> and in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xælæg"><w>xælæg</w>
                        <gloss><q>envy</q></gloss></ref>.</etym>
            </entry>
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