<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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            <titleStmt>
                <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <w>æd</w></title>
            </titleStmt>
            <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
    Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
            <sourceDesc>
                <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
                        <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
                        <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
                        <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
            </sourceDesc>
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    <tagsDecl>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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        <body>
            <entry xml:id="entry_æd" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
                <?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240127T151859+0300" comment="checked"?>
                <form xml:id="form_d4441e66" type="lemma"><orth>æd</orth></form><?oxy_comment_end ?>
                <sense xml:id="sense_d4441e69">
                    <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                        <q>с</q>
                    </abv:tr>
                    <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                        <q>with</q>
                    </abv:tr>
                </sense>
                <re xml:id="re_d4441e79">
                    <form xml:id="form_d4441e81" type="lemma"><orth><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240127T150714+0300" comment="is this an expression with two words (like &quot;ablcoord&quot;) - or are these two re&apos;s?"?>ædbæx,
                            ædwærdon<?oxy_comment_end ?></orth></form>
                    <sense xml:id="sense_d4441e84">
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>с лошадью, с арбой</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>with a horse, with a cart</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                    </sense>
                </re>
                <re xml:id="re_d4441e95">
                    <form xml:id="form_d4441e97" type="lemma"><orth>ædgærztæ</orth></form>
                    <sense xml:id="sense_d4441e100">
                        <sense xml:id="sense_d4441e101">
                            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                                <q>с оружием</q>
                            </abv:tr>
                            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                                <q>with weapons</q>
                            </abv:tr>
                        </sense>
                        <sense xml:id="sense_d4441e110">
                            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                                <q>вооруженный</q>
                            </abv:tr>
                            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                                <q>armed</q>
                            </abv:tr>
                        </sense>
                    </sense>
                </re>
                <abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d4441e121">
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d4441e123">
                        <quote>tyxǵyn <oRef>ædgærztæ</oRef> k˳y qakkæny jæ xæʒar…</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>когда сильный с оружием охраняет свой дом…</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>when a strong man armed keepeth his palace…</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Лука"/>
                            <biblScope><w>11</w> 21</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d4441e142">
                        <quote>wynync æmæ xæjræǵǵyn… bady <oRef>æd</oRef> daræs æmæ <oRef>æd</oRef>
                            zond</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>видят, что бесновавшийся… сидит и одет и в здравом уме</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>see him that was possessed with the devil… sitting, and clothed, and
                                in his right mind</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Марк"/>
                            <biblScope><w>5</w> 15</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d4441e161">
                        <quote>Osepajy <oRef>æd</oRef> binontæ awæj kodta ne ’ldar īw
                            kæsgonæn</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>Осепа вместе с семьей наш князь продал одному кабардинцу</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>our prince sold Osepa, together with his family, to one Kabardian</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
                            <biblScope>95</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d4441e180" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote>ærbaduncæ tærxoni <oRef>æd</oRef> læʒgutæ, <oRef>æd</oRef>
                            qæmatæ</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>рассаживаются на судилище с палками, с кинжалами</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>(they) sit down at the trial with sticks, with daggers</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
                            <biblScope>40</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d4441e202">
                        <quote>æz æj kʼambecy carmy nyppærston <oRef>æd</oRef> kʼæbilatæ</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>я бросил ее вместе со щенятами в буйволиную шкуру</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>I threw her together with the puppies into the buffalo hide</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Munk."/>
                            <biblScope>88</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d4441e222" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote><oRef>æd</oRef> æxsævæ,
                                <oRef><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240127T150906+0300" comment="NB: ædæ??"?>ædæ<?oxy_comment_end ?></oRef>
                            bonæ i mæsugæj fælgæsuj</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>ночью и днем она глядит из башни</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>night and day she looks out from the tower</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
                            <biblScope>21</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d4441e244" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote><oRef>æd</oRef> særdæ, <oRef>æd</oRef> zumæg</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>летом и зимой</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>in summer and in winter</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d4441e262" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote><oRef>æd</oRef> kæstær, <oRef>æd</oRef> xestær</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>и младшие, и старшие</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>both the young and the old</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЯФ_I"/>
                            <biblScope>427</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d4441e284" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote><oRef>ædsær</oRef>, <oRef>ædbun</oRef> bælasæ xasta</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>он приносил дерево с верхушкой и с корнями</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>he brought the tree with (its) top and with (its) roots</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/>
                            <biblScope>22<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">5</hi></biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d4441e306" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote><oRef>ædsarǧ</oRef>, <oRef>ædidonæ</oRef> bæx</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>конь с седлом, с уздечкой</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>horse with a saddle, with a bridle</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/>
                            <biblScope>31<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">5</hi></biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                </abv:exampleGrp>
                <etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к иранскому предлогу <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4441e412" xml:id="mentioned_d4441e332" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
                        <w>hada</w></mentioned>. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4441e417" xml:id="mentioned_d4441e337" xml:lang="pal-x-turfan"><lang/>
                        <w>ʼad</w>
                        <note type="bibl">(<bibl><biblScope>Monde Or. XV 194,
                            238</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4441e425" xml:id="mentioned_d4441e345" xml:lang="pal-x-turfan"><lang/>
                        <w>ad</w>
                        <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Henning._BBB"/>
                                <biblScope>106</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4441e435" xml:id="mentioned_d4441e355" xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
                        <w>la</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4441e440" xml:id="mentioned_d4441e360" xml:lang="ydg" extralang="mnj"><lang/>
                        <w>la</w>
                        <note type="comment">(из <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>hada</w></mentioned>:
                                    <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._IIFL"/>
                                <biblScope>II 46</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4441e449" xml:id="mentioned_d4441e369" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
                        <w>δʼwn</w>
                        <note type="comment">(из <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">hada</w></mentioned> + <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>avana</w></mentioned>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4441e454" xml:id="mentioned_d4441e374" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
                        <w>haδa</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4441e459" xml:id="mentioned_d4441e379" xml:lang="peo"><lang/>
                        <w>hada</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4441e465" xml:id="mentioned_d4441e385" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
                        <w>sadha</w>, <w>saha</w></mentioned>. Отпадение <c>h</c>, как в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_avd"/> и др. <oRef>Æd</oRef> не требует падежного
                    оформления, и сочетания с ним должны рассматриваться как сложные слова, а не как
                    предложные конструкции; в осетинском господствуют послелоги. Конструкции с
                        <c>æd</c> могут эвентуально заменяться союзным падежом в иронском и
                    сочетанием с послелогом <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xæccæ_1"/> в дигорском:
                            <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>ædbæx</w></mentioned> =
                            <mentioned xml:lang="os-x-iron"><lang/>
                            <w>bæximæ</w></mentioned> = <mentioned xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
                            <w>bæxi xæccæ</w></mentioned>
                        <gloss><q>с лошадью</q></gloss></mentioned>. Ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ænæ"><w>ænæ</w>
                        <gloss><q>без</q></gloss></ref>.<lb/><bibl>Ws. <author>Miller</author>. <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ">OÈ</ref>
                        <biblScope>48, 75</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr.">Gr.</ref>
                        <biblScope>95</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
                        <biblScope>18</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
                <etym xml:lang="en">Goes back to the Iranian preposition <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4441e332" xml:id="mentioned_d4441e412" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
                        <w>hada</w></mentioned>. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4441e417" xml:lang="pal-x-turfan"><lang/>
                        <w>ʼad</w>
                        <note type="bibl">(<bibl><biblScope>Monde Or. XV 194,
                            238</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4441e425" xml:lang="pal-x-turfan"><lang/>
                        <w>ad</w>
                        <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Henning._BBB"/>
                                <biblScope>106</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4441e435" xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
                        <w>la</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4441e440" xml:lang="ydg" extralang="mnj"><lang/>
                        <w>la</w>
                        <note type="comment">(from <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>hada</w></mentioned>: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._IIFL"/>
                                <biblScope>II 46</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4441e449" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
                        <w>δʼwn</w>
                        <note type="comment">(from <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">hada</w></mentioned> + <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>avana</w></mentioned>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4441e454" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
                        <w>haδa</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4441e459" xml:lang="peo"><lang/>
                        <w>hada</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4441e465" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
                        <w>sadha</w>, <w>saha</w></mentioned>. The dropping of <w>h</w> is like in
                        <ref type="xr" target="#entry_avd"/> etc. <w>Æd</w> does not require case
                    marking, and combinations with it should be viewed as compounds rather than as
                    prepositional constructions; Ossetic predominantly uses postpositions.
                    Constructions with <oRef>æd</oRef> can be
                    <?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240127T151802+0300" comment="&quot;under certain conditions&quot;? (Russian эвентуально is not the same as English &quot;eventual&quot;)"?>occasionally<?oxy_comment_end ?>
                    replaced by the comitative case in Iron and the combination with the
                    postposition <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xæccæ_1"/> in Digor:
                            <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>ædbæx</w></mentioned> =
                            <mentioned xml:lang="os-x-iron"><lang/>
                            <w>bæximæ</w></mentioned> = <mentioned xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
                            <w>bæxi xæccæ</w></mentioned>
                        <gloss><q>with the horse</q></gloss></mentioned>. Cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ænæ"><w>ænæ</w>
                        <gloss><q>without</q></gloss></ref>.<lb/><bibl>Ws. <author>Miller</author>.
                            <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ">OÈ</ref>
                        <biblScope>48, 75</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr.">Gr.</ref>
                        <biblScope>95</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
                        <biblScope>18</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
            </entry>
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