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            <titleStmt>
                <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fældīsyn</hi></title>
            </titleStmt>
            <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
    Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
            <sourceDesc>
                <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
                        <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
                        <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
                        <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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        <rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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            <entry xml:id="entry_fældīsyn" xml:lang="os">
                <form xml:id="form_d4118e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>fældīsyn</orth><form xml:id="form_d4118e68" type="participle"><orth>fældyst</orth></form></form>
                <form xml:id="form_d4118e71" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>fældesun</orth><form xml:id="form_d4118e73" type="participle"><orth>fældist</orth></form></form>
                <sense n="1" xml:id="sense_fældīsyn.1"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                        <q>творить</q>
                    </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                        <q>create</q>
                    </abv:tr></sense>
                <sense n="2" xml:id="sense_fældīsyn.2"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                        <q>посвящать покойнику</q>
                    </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                        <q>dedicate to the dead</q>
                    </abv:tr></sense>
                <re xml:id="re_d4118e96">
                    <form xml:id="form_d4118e98" type="lemma"><orth>bæxfældīsyn</orth></form>
                    <sense xml:id="sense_d4118e101"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>обряд посвящения коня покойнику</q>
                        </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>ceremony of the dedication of a horse to the dead</q>
                        </abv:tr></sense>
                    <note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">. Обычай посвящения умершему людей и животных
                        восходит к скифским временам (десятки заколотых коней „сопровождали“
                        скифского царя в загробный мир). В более облагороженном виде эти обычаи
                        сохранялись у осетин до недавнего времени (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope xml:lang="ru">67
                                сл.</biblScope><biblScope xml:lang="en">67 ff.</biblScope></bibl> —
                                <bibl><biblScope xml:lang="ru">Г. Ф. Чурсин, сб. „Юго-Осетия“, стр.
                                160</biblScope><biblScope xml:lang="en">G.F. Chursin, col. "South
                                Ossetia", p. 160</biblScope></bibl>).</note>
                    <note type="comment" xml:lang="en">. The custom of dedicating people and animals
                        to the deceased dates back to Scythian times (dozens of slaughtered horses
                        "accompanied" the Scythian king to the afterlife). In a more ennobled form,
                        these customs were preserved among the Ossetians until recently (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope xml:lang="ru">67
                                сл.</biblScope><biblScope xml:lang="en">67 ff.</biblScope></bibl> —
                                <bibl><biblScope xml:lang="ru">Г. Ф. Чурсин, сб. „Юго-Осетия“, стр.
                                160</biblScope><biblScope xml:lang="en">G.F. Chursin, col. ‘South
                                Ossetia’, p. 160</biblScope></bibl>).</note>
                </re>
                <abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d4118e145">
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d4118e147">
                        <quote>o, X˳ycawty X˳ycaw! me sfældīsæg X˳ycaw!</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>о, Бог Богов! создавший меня Бог!</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>oh God of Gods! God who created me!</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>71</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d4118e166">
                        <quote>cy X˳ycaw mæ rafældysta…</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>Бог, который меня сотворил…</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>God who made me …</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Munk."/><biblScope>28</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                </abv:exampleGrp>
                <abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d4118e186">
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d4118e188">
                        <quote>Boræty fæsīvæd Syrdony nyffældystoj Soslanæn</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>молодежь Бораевых посвятила Сырдона (покойному) Сослану</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>the Boraevs' youth dedicated Syrdon to the deceased Soslan</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/><biblScope>I
                            114</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d4118e207">
                        <quote>wæjyg jæ bæxæn ʒūry: …fældysty fæwaj!</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>великан говорит своему коню: «чтобы тебе быть посвященным
                                мертвому!»</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>the giant says to his horse: "so that you may be dedicated to the
                                dead!"</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Munk."/><biblScope>38–40</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d4118e226" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote>digoron fældist</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>дигорский (обряд) посвящения мертвому</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>Digor ceremony of dedication to the dead</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/><biblScope>II
                            169</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d4118e248" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote>ka æxe niffældesidæ…</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>кое-кто посвящал себя мертвым (т. е. пророчил себе гибель)</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>a person dedicated themselves to the dead (i.e., prophesied death for
                                themselves)</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_AK"/><biblScope>III
                            36</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                </abv:exampleGrp>
                <etym xml:lang="ru">Несмотря на два сильно расходящихся значения (‘творить’ и
                    ‘посвящать покойнику’), перед нами, по-видимому, один глагол, а не два
                    исторически разных глагола, случайно совпавших по звучанию. Объединяющим
                    семантическим стержнем было, как нам кажется, понятие ‘чародейства’,
                    ‘заклинания’: ‘творить’ = „вызывать с помощью заклинаний“; ‘посвящать покойнику’
                    = „с помощью заклинаний переводить из земного плана в загробный“. Глагол
                    <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fældīsyn</hi> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fældesun</hi> представляет сращение преверба <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fæl-</hi> с основой
                    <hi rendition="#rend_italic">dīs</hi> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">des-</hi> (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4118e342" xml:id="mentioned_d4118e273" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
                        <w>*pari-dais-</w></mentioned>). Эту же основу имеем в <hi rendition="#rend_italic">æv-dīs-yn</hi> |
                    <hi rendition="#rend_italic">æv-des-un</hi> ‘показывать’. Основа <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4118e347" xml:id="mentioned_d4118e278" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
                        <w>*dais-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4118e352" xml:id="mentioned_d4118e283" xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
                        <w>*deiḱ</w></mentioned>, если проследить ее развитие в разных языках,
                    имела, наряду с распространенным значением ‘показывать’, также значение
                    ‘провозглашать’, ‘посвящать’ (в религиозном смысле), а также ‘строить’. Ср.,
                    наряду с <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4118e357" xml:id="mentioned_d4118e288" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
                        <w>dis-</w>
                        <gloss><q>показывать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4118e365" xml:id="mentioned_d4118e296" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
                        <w>dīkṣ-</w>
                        <gloss><q>посвящать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4118e374" xml:id="mentioned_d4118e305" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w/><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">в частности</note>
                        <gloss><q>посвящать покойнику (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">maraṇāya</hi>)</q></gloss></mentioned>,
                        <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4118e382" xml:id="mentioned_d4118e313" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
                        <w>dico dicāre, dedico dedicāre</w>
                        <gloss><q>посвящать</q></gloss></mentioned> (наряду с <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4118e390" xml:id="mentioned_d4118e321" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
                        <w>dīco</w>
                        <gloss><q>говорить</q></gloss></mentioned>) и др. Для значения ‘строить’ ср.
                        <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4118e398" xml:id="mentioned_d4118e329" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
                        <w>*parδēs- (prδʼys-), *δes-(δys-)</w>
                        <gloss><q>строить</q></gloss></mentioned>. Ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fīdīs"/>.</etym>
                <etym xml:lang="en">Despite the two strongly diverging meanings (‘create’ and
                    ‘dedicate to the dead’), we are apparently dealing with one verb, and not two
                    historically different verbs that accidentally coincided in sound form. The
                    unifying semantic core was, as it seems to us, the concept of ‘sorcery’,
                    ‘spells’: ‘create’ = ‘cause with the help of spells’; ‘dedicate to the dead’ =
                    “with the help of spells transfer from the earthly life to the afterlife”. The
                    verb <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fældīsyn</hi> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fældesun</hi> is a contraction of the preverb <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fæl-</hi> with
                    the stem <hi rendition="#rend_italic">dīs</hi> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">des-</hi> (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4118e273" xml:id="mentioned_d4118e342" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
                        <w>*pari-dais-</w></mentioned>). The same stem is present in <hi rendition="#rend_italic">æv-dīs-yn</hi> |
                    <hi rendition="#rend_italic">æv-des-un</hi> ‘show’. The stem <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4118e278" xml:id="mentioned_d4118e347" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
                        <w>*dais-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4118e283" xml:id="mentioned_d4118e352" xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
                        <w>*deiḱ</w></mentioned>, if one follows its evolution in different
                    languages, apart from the widespead meaning ‘show’, also meant ‘proclaim’,
                    ‘dedicate’ (in the religious sense), and ‘build’ as well. Cf., along with
                        <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4118e288" xml:id="mentioned_d4118e357" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
                        <w>dis-</w>
                        <gloss><q>show</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4118e296" xml:id="mentioned_d4118e365" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
                        <w>dīkṣ-</w>
                        <gloss><q>dedicate</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4118e305" xml:id="mentioned_d4118e374" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w/><note type="comment" xml:lang="en">particularly</note>
                        <gloss><q>dedicate to the dead (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">maraṇāya</hi>)</q></gloss></mentioned>,
                        <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4118e313" xml:id="mentioned_d4118e382" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
                        <w>dico dicāre, dedico dedicāre</w>
                        <gloss><q>dedicate</q></gloss></mentioned> (along with <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4118e321" xml:id="mentioned_d4118e390" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
                        <w>dīco</w>
                        <gloss><q>say</q></gloss></mentioned>) etc. As for the meaning ‘build’, cf.
                        <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4118e329" xml:id="mentioned_d4118e398" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
                        <w>*parδēs- (prδʼys-), *δes-(δys-)</w>
                        <gloss><q>build</q></gloss></mentioned>. Cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fīdīs"/>.</etym>
            </entry>
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