<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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      <titleStmt>
        <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">zajyn_3</hi></title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
        Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
          <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
          <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
      </sourceDesc>
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        <rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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    <body>
      <entry xml:id="entry_zajyn_3" n="3" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
        <form xml:id="form_d5125e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>zajyn</orth><form type="participle"><orth>zad</orth></form></form>
        <form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>izajun</orth><form type="participle"><orth>izad</orth></form></form>
        <sense xml:id="sense_d5125e69">
          <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
            <q>оставаться</q>
          </abv:tr>
          <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
            <q>stay
              <?oxy_comment_start author="irina" timestamp="20230707T130143+0300" comment="так?"?>(ipfv.)<?oxy_comment_end ?></q>
          </abv:tr>
        </sense>
        <re>
          <form type="lemma"><orth>bazzajyn</orth></form>
          <sense>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">остаться</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">stay
                <?oxy_comment_start author="irina" timestamp="20230707T130152+0300" comment="так?"?>(pfv.)<?oxy_comment_end ?></q>
            </tr>
          </sense>
        </re>
        <re>
          <form type="lemma"><orth>bynyl zad, kʼæjyl zad</orth></form>
          <sense>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" rendition="#rend_doublequotes">оставшийся один
                после смерти родных</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" rendition="#rend_doublequotes">left alone after
                the death of relatives</q>
            </tr>
          </sense>
        </re>
        <exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dy dær ʒy cūx næ <oRef>zaix</oRef></quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ты тоже не оставался бы лишенным этого
                (труда)</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">you too would not remain deprived of this
                (labour)</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
              <biblScope>27</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">xærz ʒæǧæl kæj <oRef>zajyn</oRef>, ūj
              bazydton</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">я понял, что я остаюсь совершенно без
                призора</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I realized that I am left completely
                untended</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
              <biblScope>55</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">fælæ ma kæm <oRef>bazzad</oRef> ugærdæn
              mænæn?</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">но где еще остался у меня покосный участок?</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">but where else did I have a mowing plot?</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
              <biblScope>57</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>azzadī</oRef> fæsfædy асу
              bæstyxaj</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">осталась в стороне эта сакля</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">this saklia was left aside</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
              <biblScope>43</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">bīræ bonty æxxormag <oRef>zadī</oRef></quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">много дней он оставался голодный</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">for many days he remained hungry</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
              <biblScope>13</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">næ is, næ bon kæmæn
              <oRef>zajʒæn</oRef>?</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">кому останется наше состояние, наше добро?</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">who will be left with our fortune, our
                goods?</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
              <biblScope>42</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ūm maxæj īsḱī ūdygas <oRef>bazzaja</oRef>,
              zyn zæǧæn ū</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">трудно сказать, останется ли там кто-нибудь из
                нас в живых</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">it is hard to say if any of us will be left
                alive there</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Нафи"/>
              <biblScope>247</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Nartæn sæ gælx˳yrtæ fæstijæ
                <oRef>bazzadysty</oRef></quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">из Нартов никчемные остались позади</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">of the Narts, the worthless were left
                behind</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОТ"/>
              <biblScope>71</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">denǵyz x˳yskʼæj <oRef>bazzadīs</oRef></quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">море осталось сухим (высохло)</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the sea remained dry (dried up)</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
              <biblScope>I 18</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">nal bazzajʒæn am dūr dūryl</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">не останется здесь камня на камне</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">there shall not be left here one stone upon
                another</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Матфей"/>
              <biblScope><hi rendition="#rend_italic">24</hi> 2</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ʒæbodurti ʒogtæ i adægtæmæ fækkaldta,
                ba-ma-in-æj-<oRef>izadæj</oRef> Æfsatij warzon ors siwtæ saw ʒæbodur</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">стада туров он (охотник) сбросил в лощины,
                остался у него из них еще любимец Афсати (бога охоты) белорогий черный тур</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he (the hunter) threw the herds of aurochs into
                the hollows,
                <?oxy_comment_start author="irina" timestamp="20230707T130756+0300" comment="?"?>out
                of them<?oxy_comment_end ?> he still had Æfsati (god of hunting)’s favourite
                white-horned black auroch Afsati</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_DZ"/>
              <biblScope>68</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">nur <oRef>bajzadan</oRef> ewnægæj</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">теперь мы остались одни</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">now we are left alone</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
              <biblScope>110</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
        </exampleGrp>
        <etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">wi-zā-</w></mentioned>. Глагол <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">zā-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
              <w type="rec">ǵhē-</w></mentioned> означал активно <gloss><q>оставлять</q></gloss>,
            медиально <gloss><q>оставаться</q></gloss></mentioned>. В осетинском удержалось только
          медиальное значение. Ср. <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="prc"><lang/>
              <w>ū-zā-</w>, <w>ū-zeh-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ydg"><lang/>
              <w>u-zā(у)-</w>, <w>wu-zā(у)-</w></mentioned>
            <gloss><q>оставаться</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xpr"><lang/>
            <w>wi-zīh-</w> : <w>wi-zād</w>
            <gloss><q>оставлять</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>покидать</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Ghilain"/>
                <biblScope>89</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
            <w>zātan</w>
            <gloss><q>наследовать</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Периханян</author>. <title>Сасанидский
                судебник</title>. <pubPlace>Ереван</pubPlace>, <date>1973</date>, <biblScope>стр.
                  553 сл.</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal-x-turfan"><lang/>
            <w>wi-zād</w>
            <gloss><q>оставленный</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>покинутый</q></gloss>
            <note type="comment">(= ос. <oRef>izad</oRef>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
            <w>zā(y)-</w>
            <gloss><q>отпускать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><w>vi-zā(y)-</w>
            <gloss><q>отходить, отделяться от чего-либо</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <w>hā-</w>
            <gloss><q>покидать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>оставлять</q></gloss>
            <note type="comment">(<mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>jahāti</w></mentioned>)</note>,
                <gloss><q>оставаться</q></gloss>
            <note type="comment">(<mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>hīyatē</w></mentioned>)</note></mentioned>. Об этом лексическом гнезде см.:
              <bibl><author>Humbach</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_MSS"/>
            <biblScope>1957 X 39</biblScope></bibl>. — Начальный <c>i</c> был в прошлом и в
          иронском; это видно из превербных форм <oRef>azzajyn</oRef> (<w>a-izajyn</w>),
            <oRef>bazzajyn</oRef>, <oRef>bajzæddæg</oRef>, <oRef>æryzajyn</oRef> (ср.: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
            <biblScope>371 сл.</biblScope></bibl>).<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
            <biblScope>II 176</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr.">Gr.</ref>
            <biblScope>64</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
            <biblScope>38</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._IIFL"/>
            <biblScope>I 10, 238, I 264</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
        <etym xml:lang="en">Goes back to <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">wi-zā-</w></mentioned>. The verb <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">zā-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
              <w type="rec">ǵhē-</w></mentioned> meant <gloss><q>leave</q></gloss> in active voice,
                <gloss><q>stay</q></gloss> in middle voice</mentioned>. In Ossetic, only the middle
          voice meaning was retained. Cf. <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="prc"><lang/>
              <w>ū-zā-</w>, <w>ū-zeh-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ydg"><lang/>
              <w>u-zā(у)-</w>, <w>wu-zā(у)-</w></mentioned>
            <gloss><q>stay</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xpr"><lang/>
            <w>wi-zīh-</w> : <w>wi-zād</w>
            <gloss><q>leave</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>abandon</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Ghilain"/>
                <biblScope>89</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
            <w>zātan</w>
            <gloss><q>inherit</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Perixanjan</author>. <title>Sasanidskij sudebnik
                  [<?oxy_comment_start author="irina" timestamp="20230707T131001+0300" comment="?"?>Sassanian
                  code of laws<?oxy_comment_end ?>]</title>. <pubPlace>Yerevan</pubPlace>,
                  <date>1973</date>, <biblScope>p. 553 ff.</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>,
            <mentioned xml:lang="pal-x-turfan"><lang/>
            <w>wi-zād</w>
            <gloss><q>left</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>abandoned</q></gloss>
            <note type="comment">(= Ossetic <oRef>izad</oRef>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
            <w>zā(y)-</w>
            <gloss><q>let off</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><w>vi-zā(y)-</w>
            <gloss><q>move away from something</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <w>hā-</w>
            <gloss><q>abandon</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>leave</q></gloss>
            <note type="comment">(<mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>jahāti</w></mentioned>)</note>,
                <gloss><q>stay</q></gloss>
            <note type="comment">(<mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>hīyatē</w></mentioned>)</note></mentioned>. About this lexical nest see:
              <bibl><author>Humbach</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_MSS"/>
            <biblScope>1957 X 39</biblScope></bibl>. — The initial <c>i</c> was in the past in Iron
          as well; this can be seen from the preverb forms <oRef>azzajyn</oRef> (<w>a-izajyn</w>),
            <oRef>bazzajyn</oRef>, <oRef>bajzæddæg</oRef>, <oRef>æryzajyn</oRef> (cf.: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
            <biblScope>371 ff.</biblScope></bibl>).<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
            <biblScope>II 176</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr.">Gr.</ref>
            <biblScope>64</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
            <biblScope>38</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._IIFL"/>
            <biblScope>I 10, 238, I 264</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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