<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ūd</hi></title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
    Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
            <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
            <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
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    <tagsDecl>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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    <body>
      <entry xml:id="entry_ūd" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
        <form xml:id="form_d1496e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>ūd</orth></form>
        <form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>od</orth></form>
        <sense>
          <sense xml:id="sense_d1496e69">
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>дух</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>spirit</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
          <sense>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>душа</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>soul</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
          <sense>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>spiritus</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>spiritus</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
        </sense>
        <re>
          <form type="lemma"><orth>ūd īsyn</orth></form>
          <sense>
            <sense>
              <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
                <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">испускать дух</q>
              </tr>
              <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
                <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">give off the spirit</q>
              </tr>
            </sense>
            <sense>
              <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                <q>умирать</q>
              </abv:tr>
              <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                <q>die</q>
              </abv:tr>
            </sense>
          </sense>
        </re>
        <re>
          <form type="lemma"><orth>ūd lasyn</orth></form>
          <sense>
            <sense>
              <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
                <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">мучить до смерти</q>
              </tr>
              <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
                <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">torment to death</q>
              </tr>
            </sense>
            <sense>
              <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">извлекать душу</q>
              </abv:tr>
              <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">extract the soul</q>
              </abv:tr>
            </sense>
          </sense>
        </re>
        <re>
          <form type="lemma"><orth>ūdy gaga</orth></form>
          <sense>
            <sense>
              <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
                <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">голубчик</q>
              </tr>
              <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
                <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">darling</q>
              </tr>
            </sense>
            <sense>
              <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                <q>душечка</q>
              </abv:tr>
              <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                <q>deary</q>
              </abv:tr>
            </sense>
            <sense>
              <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                <q>сокровище</q>
                <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">зернышко
                    души</q>)</note>
                <note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">зернышко
                    души</q>)</note>
              </abv:tr>
              <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                <q>treasure</q>
                <note type="comment"> (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">the seed of the
                  soul</q>)</note>
              </abv:tr>
            </sense>
          </sense>
        </re>
        <re>
          <form type="lemma"><orth>ūdyxos</orth></form>
          <sense>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">средство, спасающее жизнь</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">life-saving remedy</q>
            </tr>
          </sense>
        </re>
        <re>
          <form type="lemma"><orth>ūdy bæstæ</orth></form>
          <sense>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">место для души</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">place for the soul</q>
            </tr>
            <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(в загробном мире, в награду за доброе дело на этом
              свете)</note>
            <note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (in the afterlife, as a reward for a good deed on
              Earth)</note>
          </sense>
        </re>
        <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">. В определенном контексте может заменять слова <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">человек</q>, <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">живое
            существо</q>, <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">жизнь</q></note>
        <note xml:lang="en" type="comment">. In some contexts can denote <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">human</q>, <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">living
            being</q>, <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">life</q></note>
        <exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">næ <oRef>ūd</oRef>, næ zærdæ dæ rūxsæn
              qarʒystæm</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">душой и сердцем будем стремиться к твоему
                свету</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">we will follow your light with our hearts and
                souls</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
              <biblScope>29</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">alḱī <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">færazdærwon</q>-yl jæ <oRef>ūd</oRef> qary</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">каждый старается опередить (других)</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">everyone starts to get ahead (of the
                others)</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
              <biblScope>134</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">x˳ymætæǵy qaztaw nyn lasy næ
              <oRef>ūd</oRef></quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">мучает нас, как простых гусей</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he is torturing us like mere geese</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
              <biblScope>89</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æfsærmy ma kæ, mæ <oRef>ūdy</oRef> gaga, dæ
              zaræg rakæ!</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">не стыдись, душечка, спой свою песню!</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">don’t be shy, darling, sing your song!</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
              <biblScope>84</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">jæ ūdæn tas næw</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">его жизнь (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">душа</q>) вне опасности</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">his life (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">soul</q>) is not endangered</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
              <biblScope>51</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mælæty <oRef>ūd</oRef> ʒy k˳y næ
              skʼ˳yjy</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">не ахти какая душа погибает (в его лице)</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">not that great of soul is dying
                <?oxy_comment_start author="elohim" timestamp="20230702T232712+0600" comment="?"?>(through
                him)<?oxy_comment_end ?></q>
            </tr>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">sæ <oRef>ūd</oRef> mælætmæ dæddync</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">они отдают на смерть свою душу</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">they are giving their souls to die</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/>
              <biblScope>115</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ænamond <oRef>ūdyl</oRef> axæm bællæxtæ
              cæwy</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">несчастную душу постигают такие беды</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">such misfortunes befall to an unhappy soul</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/>
              <biblScope>8</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">rynæj fæcaǵdy īs me styr myggag, īwnæg
                <oRef>ūdæj</oRef> ma ʒy æz bazzadtæn</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">от эпидемии вымерла моя большая фамилия, один я
                  (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">единственной душой</q>) остался (в живых)</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">from the epidemic my big family died out, only
                I (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">with a single soul</q>) remained (alive)</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
              <biblScope>109</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">īwnæg ūdy kʼoppa dæ</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ты один-одинешенек</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">you are all alone</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
              <biblScope>107</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mæ <oRef>ūd</oRef> dyn ūj k˳y festid æmæ dæ
              kʼ æxtæ k˳y aʒæbæx waikkoj</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">душу бы отдала, чтобы твои ноги исцелились</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I would give my soul away so that your legs
                would heal</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
              <biblScope>79</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">adæjmagæn <oRef>ūd</oRef> īs,
              <oRef>ūd</oRef>, æmæ jæ <oRef>ūd</oRef> jæ bar cæwylnæ ū?</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">у человека дух есть, дух, и почему его дух не
                свободен?</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">why does the man have spirit, and why is his
                spirit not free?</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
              <biblScope>82</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">jæ tūǵy ærtæxtæ zæxmæ fætaǧdysty, jæ
                <oRef>ūd</oRef> ta axæccæ cʼæxnæw ʒænætrnæ</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">капли его крови падали на землю, душа же его
                достигла покрытого зеленой муравой рая</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">drops of bood fell on the ground, his soul
                reaching the heavens covered in green lushes</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Æfx._Xæs."/>
              <biblScope>235</biblScope></bibl>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Антология_поэзии"/>
              <biblScope>I 235</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">jæ ūdæn fætarst</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">он испугался за свою жизнь (<q>душу</q>)</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he was afraid for his life (<q>soul</q>)</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Нафи"/>
              <biblScope>64</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">k˳y bawaʒyg dæn, mæ ūd īsynyl k˳y
              sdæn...</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">когда я потерял сознание, когда испускал
                дух…</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">when I became unconscious, when I was giving
                off the spirit…</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Нафи"/>
              <biblScope>158</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ūd īsynmæ dær mæ ne ‘vdæly</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">мне некогда даже испустить дух»</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I don’t have enough time even to die</q>
            </tr>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/>
            </usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">zænxag od</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">земное существо</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">earthling</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Æduli"/>
              <biblScope>74</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/>
            </usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ilivd od</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">несчастное существо</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">an unhappy being</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><?oxy_comment_start author="elohim" timestamp="20230402T121940+0300" comment="указано &quot;там же&quot;" flag="done"?><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Æduli"/><?oxy_comment_end ?>
              <biblScope>74</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/>
            </usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">agoruj alke dær qal <oRef>odi</oRef></quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">каждый ищет (союза) с богатым человеком</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">everyone seeks (a union) with a rich man</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><?oxy_comment_start author="elohim" timestamp="20230402T121940+0300" comment="указано &quot;там же&quot;" flag="done"?><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Æduli"/><?oxy_comment_end ?>
              <biblScope>98</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/>
            </usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">...bataxunmæ æ <oRef>odi</oRef></quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">...чтобы нарядить себя (<q>свою душу</q>)</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">…to dress himself up (<q>his soul</q>)</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><?oxy_comment_start author="elohim" timestamp="20230402T121940+0300" comment="указано &quot;там же&quot;" flag="done"?><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Æduli"/><?oxy_comment_end ?>
              <biblScope>98</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/>
            </usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>odi</oRef> ungægʒīnadæ qurmæ sxæccæ
              ‘j</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">душевная тоска подступила к горлу</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">spiritual anguish rose to the throat</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
              <biblScope>117</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/>
            </usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">xucawmæ bakovgæj æ <oRef>od</oRef>
              isista</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">помолившись богу, он испустил дух</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">having prayed, he died</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
              <biblScope>57</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/>
            </usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">næ <oRef>odi</oRef> tasæj...</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">в страхе за нашу жизнь...</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">in fear for our lives...</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><?oxy_comment_start author="elohim" timestamp="20230402T122645+0300" comment="указано &quot;там же&quot;" flag="done"?><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/><?oxy_comment_end ?>
              <biblScope>54</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/>
            </usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">max fæxxæssæn xæʒarænfesgun æma nivgun
                <oRef>od</oRef></quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">мы ведем для дома несущую счастье и
                благополучие душу (невесту)</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">we are leading (a bride) bearing happiness and
                well-being for the household</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"><?oxy_comment_start author="elohim" timestamp="20230402T122859+0300" comment="структура?" id="kpw_ryn_1xb"?><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20230404T165358+0300" parentID="kpw_ryn_1xb" comment="делайте note с @xml:lang=ru" mid="6"?>из
                свадебной песни;<?oxy_comment_end mid="6"?><?oxy_comment_end ?>
              </note>
              <note xml:lang="en" type="comment">from a wedding song; </note>
              <ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАС"/>
              <biblScope>II 376</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/>
            </usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dæ <oRef>odi</oRef> bæsti mæ <oRef>od</oRef>
              dæddun</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">взамен твоей жизни (<q>души</q>) я отдаю свою
                жизнь</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">instead of your life (<q>soul</q>), I am giving
                away my own life</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/>
              <biblScope>3<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">14</hi></biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/>
            </usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æ <oRef>od</oRef> ci rawæn ævard æj?</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">где спрятана его душа?</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">where is his soul hidden?</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/>
              <biblScope>11<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">3</hi></biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/>
            </usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dæ <oRef>odi</oRef> qiamætæj…</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">твоим трудом (<q>трудом твоей души</q>)...</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">through your efforts (<q>the efforts of your
                  soul</q>)…</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/>
              <biblScope>24<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">1</hi></biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/>
            </usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æ <oRef>odæn</oRef> næbal adtæj</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ему стало невыносимо (он дошел до
                крайности)</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he could not bear it anymore (reached a tipping
                point)</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/>
              <biblScope>30<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">10</hi></biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">kizgæ æ <oRef>odæj</oRef> ǧazta</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">девушка была в агонии</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the young woman was in agony</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
              <biblScope>II 6</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
        </exampleGrp>
        <exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
          <example>
            <note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="ru" type="comment">О сильном испуге: </note>
            <note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" type="comment">About an intense
              fear: </note>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mæ <oRef>ūd</oRef> awadī</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">моя душа убежала</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">my soul ran away</q>
            </tr>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mæ <oRef>ūdæj</oRef> mæ mīdæg nicwal
              azzad</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">во мне не осталось ничего от моей души</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">nothing of my soul was left in me</q>
            </tr>
          </example>
          <example>
            <note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="ru" type="comment">о пристрастии к
              чему-либо</note>
            <note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" type="comment">about a passion
              for something: </note>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">jæ <oRef>ūd</oRef>, jæ ʒæcc — fydkoj
              kænyn</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ее хлебом не корми, только дай позлословить</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">slandering is meat and drink to her</q>
            </tr>
          </example>
          <example>
            <note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="ru" type="comment">о крайности в
              чем-либо: </note>
            <note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" type="comment">about something
              extreme: </note>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ysūdtyl wyn</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">впасть в сильное беспокойство</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">become gravely worried</q>
            </tr>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ysūdtyl kænyn</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">пристав к кому-либо, довести до крайности</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">push someone to the extreme</q>
            </tr>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">cy syl <oRef>ysūdtyl</oRef> dæ?</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">чего ты о них так забеспокоился?</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">why were you so much worried about them?</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАА"/>
              <biblScope>III 78</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/>
            </usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">otemæj sæ sæ <oRef>odtæbæl</oRef>
              iskodta</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">таким образом он довел их до изнеможения</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he thus drove them to exhaustion</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
              <biblScope>II 68</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">xī ūdæj qazyn</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">быть в агонии</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">be in a state of agony</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">см. выше, </note>
              <note xml:lang="en" type="comment">see above, </note>
              <ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
              <biblScope>II 6</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">īskæj ūdæj qazyn</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">мучить</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">torment</q>
            </tr>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mæ ūdæj myn ysqazydī</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">он меня замучил</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he tormented me</q>
            </tr>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">jæ ūd ūdyl naj xæcy</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">в нем еле душа держится</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">his soul is barely there</q>
            </tr>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mæ ūd ærdūjæ narægdær yssī</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">моя душа стала тоньше волосинки</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">my soul became thinner than a hair</q>
            </tr>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">jæ zærdæ je ‘mūd ærcyd</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">он пришел в себя</q>
              <note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(<q>сердце
                  пришло в соответствие с душой</q>?)</note>
              <note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" type="comment">(<q>сердце
                  пришло в соответствие с душой</q>?)</note>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he came round</q>
              <note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="comment">(<q>his heart aligned with
                  the soul</q>?)</note>
            </tr>
          </example>
        </exampleGrp>
        <etym xml:lang="ru">Этимологически идентично с <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wad"><w>wad</w>
            <gloss><q>ветер</q></gloss></ref>, как <mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
            <w>animus</w></mentioned> с <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang xml:lang="grc"/>
            <w>ἄνεμος</w>
            <gloss><q xml:lang="grc">ветер</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
            <w>spiritus</w></mentioned> со <mentioned xml:lang="la"><w>spirare</w>
            <gloss><q>дуть</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ar"><lang/>
            <w>nafs</w>
            <gloss><q>душа</q></gloss></mentioned> с <mentioned xml:lang="ar"><w>nafas</w>
            <gloss><q>дуновение</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>дыхание</q></gloss></mentioned>, как
            <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang xml:lang="ru"/>
            <w>дух</w></mentioned> родстенно по корню <mentioned xml:lang="goh"><lang/>
            <w>dunist</w>
            <gloss><q>ветер</q></gloss></mentioned>; ср. также <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
            <w>ǰān</w>
            <gloss><q>душа</q></gloss>
            <gloss><q>ветер</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Ягелло"/></bibl>). Выражение <mentioned xml:lang="os-x-iron"><phr>ūdæj qazyn</phr>
            <gloss><q>играть душой</q></gloss></mentioned>сопоставимо с <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
            <w>ǰānbāz</w>
            <gloss><q>играющий жизнью</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>смельчак</q></gloss></mentioned>
          Развитие значения: <q>дуновение</q> → <q>дыхание</q> → <q>дух</q>. Ср. <mentioned xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
            <w>ūdu</w>
            <gloss><q>дыхание</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._EVP"/>
            <biblScope>9</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">wāt </w>
            <gloss><q>душа</q></gloss></mentioned> в <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><w>w'tδ'r</w>
            <gloss><q>живое существо</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><w>zprtw't</w>
            <gloss><q>святой дух</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xpr"><lang/>
            <w>wād</w>
            <gloss><q>дух</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><author>Henning</author></bibl>, <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOAS"/>
            <biblScope>1947 XII 50<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">9</hi></biblScope></bibl>), в
          частности в сочетании <mentioned xml:lang="xpr"><w>wād jiwandag</w>
            <gloss><q>spiritus vivens</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xbc"><lang/>
            <note type="comment">(в надписи из Сурх-Котала)</note>
            <w>οαδο</w>
            <gloss><q>душа</q></gloss></mentioned> в <mentioned xml:lang="xbc"><lang/>
            <w>οαδοβαργανο</w>
            <gloss><q>живые существа</q></gloss></mentioned> (модель
            <?oxy_comment_start author="elohim" timestamp="20230331T211053+0300" comment="какая реконструкция?" id="kyt_vyn_1xb"?><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20230404T165506+0300" parentID="kyt_vyn_1xb" comment="я бы сказал, что это иран. (как и у Вас)" mid="8"?><mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">watabaraka-</w>
            <gloss><q rend="#rend_doublequotes">несущий
          душу</q></gloss></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?><?oxy_comment_end mid="8"?> во мн. числе)
              (<bibl><author>Gershevitch</author></bibl>, <title>Asia Major 1966 XII 94,
          107</title>), <mentioned xml:lang="xsc"><lang/>
            <w>Ὀδιαρδος</w></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
            <biblScope>156</biblScope></bibl>). Быть может, сюда же <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
            <w>uṣṭana</w>
            <gloss><q>жизненная, душевная сила</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._KhT"/>
            <biblScope>VI 30–31</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
            <w>uštāna</w></mentioned> из
            <?oxy_comment_start author="elohim" timestamp="20230331T212445+0300" comment="какая реконструкция?" id="v2h_p14_1xb"?><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20230404T170826+0300" parentID="v2h_p14_1xb" comment="тоже иран." mid="10"?><mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">ut-stāna-</w>
            <gloss><q rend="#rend_doublequotes">вместилище
          души</q></gloss></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?><?oxy_comment_end mid="10"?>? База
            <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">ut-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">wat-</w>
            <gloss><q>spirare</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>inspirare</q></gloss></mentioned>
          <?oxy_comment_start author="elohim" timestamp="20230402T133045+0300" comment="?" id="tt1_w14_1xb"?><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20230404T171025+0300" parentID="tt1_w14_1xb" comment="вот как-то так надо делать, как у меня" mid="12"?>(<bibl><author>Thieme</author>,
              <title>Asiatica 1954</title>, <biblScope>стр. 656—666</biblScope></bibl>; ср.:
              <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ZDMG"/>
            <biblScope>1957 CVII 1
          86</biblScope></bibl>)<?oxy_comment_end mid="12"?><?oxy_comment_end ?> представлена также в
            <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūdyn"><w>ūdyn</w>
            <gloss><q>стараться</q></gloss></ref>. — <bibl><author>Petersson</author>
              (<?oxy_comment_start author="elohim" timestamp="20230402T133148+0300" comment="?" id="ams_bb4_1xb"?><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20230404T171204+0300" parentID="ams_bb4_1xb" comment="засунуть всё в библ (см. как сделано)" mid="14"?><title>Arische
              u. arm St.</title><?oxy_comment_end ?><?oxy_comment_end mid="14"?>,
              <pubPlace>Lund</pubPlace>, <date>1920</date>, <biblScope>стр. 66</biblScope>)</bibl>
          отождествляет
          <?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20230404T171243+0300" comment="для ссылок на само слово используйте элемент oRef" id="u4j_bv4_1xb"?><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20230404T194418+0300" parentID="u4j_bv4_1xb" comment="а вообще, если есть иронская и дигорская форма (например, в рефе или менте), надо делать так: &lt;w xml:lang=&apos;os-x-iron&apos;&gt;foo&lt;/w&gt;&lt;w xml:lang=&apos;os-x-digor&apos;&gt;bar&lt;/&gt;, тогда вертикальная черта появится автоматически" mid="16"?>ос.
            <oRef>ūd</oRef> | <oRef>od</oRef><?oxy_comment_end ?><?oxy_comment_end mid="16"?> с
            <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
            <w>od</w>
            <gloss><q>воздух</q></gloss></mentioned>. Если <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
            <w>od</w></mentioned> возводится к <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">audho-</w></mentioned>, то речь может быть о родстве по корню, а не об
          идентификации. — Ошибочно сближение с <mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
            <w>odor</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
            <w>hot</w>
            <gloss><q>запах</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
            <biblScope>174</biblScope></bibl>). — <name>Вс. Миллер</name> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
            <biblScope>II 105<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">7</hi></biblScope></bibl>) сближает
            <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūd"><w>ūd</w></ref> с <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
            <w>aota-</w>
            <gloss><q>холодный</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>холод</q></gloss></mentioned>. Такое
          сопоставление оправдано в том случае, если <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">aut-</w></mentioned> и <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">wat-</w></mentioned>
          рассматривать как два варианта одной и той же этимологической базы. Для этого есть все
          основания. Если прародина иранцев была где-то на север от Каспия, то холод для них очень
          часто ассоциировался с ветром. — <name>Bailey</name> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_TPhS"/>
            <biblScope>1960, стр. 70–72</biblScope></bibl>) опираясь на ряд иранских фактов,
          выделяет базу <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">aut-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">wat-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">ut-</w></mentioned> в значении <q>сила</q>, в частности психическая
            (<mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
            <w>vat-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><w>aot-</w>
            <gloss><q>понимать</q></gloss></mentioned> и пр.) и относит сюда же ос. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūd"><w>ūd</w>
          </ref> и <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūdyn"><w>ūdyn</w>
          </ref>. Весьма возможно, что в плане палеонтологии слово
            <?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20230404T194513+0300" comment="вот это забыли разметить"?><mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">wat-</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?>в применении к
          физическим явлениям (<q>ветер</q>, <q>воздух</q> и пр.) связано с <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">wat-</w></mentioned> в отношении психических. — См. еще
            <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūdyn"><w>ūdyn</w>
          </ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_aūdyn"><w>aūdyn</w>
          </ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ænūd"><w>ænūd</w>
          </ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tæppūd"><w>tæppūd</w>
          </ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūdaist"><w>ūdaist</w>
          </ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūdamælttæj"><w>ūdamælttæj</w>
          </ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūdægas"><w>ūdægas</w>
          </ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūdæmbal"><w>ūdæmbal</w>
          </ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūdæncoj"><w>ūdæncoj</w>
          </ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūdʒæf"><w>ūdʒæf</w>
          </ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūdgojmag"><w>ūdgojmag</w>
          </ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūdīsæg"><w>ūdīsæg</w>
          </ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūdīsæn"><w>ūdīsæn</w>
          </ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūdmīdæg"><w>ūdmīdæg</w>
          </ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūdwældaj"><w>ūdwældaj</w>
          </ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūdxæssæg"><w>ūdxæssæg</w>
          </ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūdybæ­stæ"><w>ūdybæstæ</w>
          </ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūdylxæcæg"><w>ūdylxæcæg</w>
          </ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūdyxos"><w>ūdyxos</w>
          </ref>.</etym>
        <etym xml:lang="en">Etymologically identical to <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wad"><w>wad</w>
            <gloss><q>wind</q></gloss></ref>, like <mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
            <w>animus</w></mentioned> to <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang xml:lang="grc"/>
            <w>ἄνεμος</w>
            <gloss><q xml:lang="grc">wind</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
            <w>spiritus</w></mentioned> to <mentioned xml:lang="la"><w>spirare</w>
            <gloss><q>blow</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ar"><lang/>
            <w>nafs</w>
            <gloss><q>soul</q></gloss></mentioned> to <mentioned xml:lang="ar"><w>nafas</w>
            <gloss><q>puff</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>breath</q></gloss></mentioned>, like <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang xml:lang="ru"/>
            <w>dux</w></mentioned> is related to <mentioned xml:lang="goh"><lang/>
            <w>dunist</w>
            <gloss><q>wind</q></gloss></mentioned>; compare as well to <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
            <w>ǰān</w>
            <gloss><q>soul</q></gloss>
            <gloss><q>wind</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Ягелло"/></bibl>). The expression <mentioned xml:lang="os-x-iron"><phr>ūdæj qazyn</phr>
            <gloss><q>play with the soul</q></gloss></mentioned> is comparable to <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
            <w>ǰānbāz</w>
            <gloss><q>playing with his life</q></gloss>,
          <gloss><q>daredevil</q></gloss></mentioned>. The semantic development is <q>puff</q> →
            <q>breath</q> → <q>spirit</q>. Cf. <mentioned xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
            <w>ūdu</w>
            <gloss><q>breath</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._EVP"/>
            <biblScope>9</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">wāt </w>
            <gloss><q>soul</q></gloss></mentioned> in <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><w>w'tδ'r</w>
            <gloss><q>living being</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><w>zprtw't</w>
            <gloss><q>holy spirit</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xpr"><lang/>
            <w>wād</w>
            <gloss><q>spirit</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><author>Henning</author></bibl>,
              <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOAS"/>
            <biblScope>1947 XII 50<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">9</hi></biblScope></bibl>),
          including in the expression <mentioned xml:lang="xpr"><w>wād jiwandag</w>
            <gloss><q>spiritus vivens</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xbc"><lang/>
            <note type="comment">(in the Surkh-Kotal inscription)</note>
            <w>οαδο</w>
            <gloss><q>soul</q></gloss></mentioned> in <mentioned xml:lang="xbc"><lang/>
            <w>οαδοβαργανο</w>
            <gloss><q>living beings</q></gloss></mentioned> (the model
            <?oxy_comment_start author="elohim" timestamp="20230331T211053+0300" comment="какая реконструкция?" id="kyt_vyn_1xb" flag="done"?><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20230404T165506+0300" parentID="kyt_vyn_1xb" comment="я бы сказал, что это иран. (как и у Вас)" flag="done" mid="19"?><mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">watabaraka-</w>
            <gloss><q rend="#rend_doublequotes">bearing the
          soul</q></gloss></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?><?oxy_comment_end mid="19"?>, but in the
          plural) (<bibl><author>Gershevitch</author></bibl>, <title>Asia Major 1966 XII 94,
            107</title>), <mentioned xml:lang="xsc"><lang/>
            <w>Ὀδιαρδος</w></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
            <biblScope>156</biblScope></bibl>). Perhaps related to <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
            <w>uṣṭana</w>
            <gloss><q>life, soul force</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._KhT"/>
            <biblScope>VI 30–31</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
            <w>uštāna</w></mentioned> from
            <?oxy_comment_start author="elohim" timestamp="20230331T212445+0300" comment="какая реконструкция?" id="v2h_p14_1xb" flag="done"?><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20230404T170826+0300" parentID="v2h_p14_1xb" comment="тоже иран." flag="done" mid="21"?><mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">ut-stāna-</w>
            <gloss><q rend="#rend_doublequotes">soul
          receptacle</q></gloss></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?><?oxy_comment_end mid="21"?>? The
          root <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">ut-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">wat-</w>
            <gloss><q>spirare</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>inspirare</q></gloss></mentioned>
          <?oxy_comment_start author="elohim" timestamp="20230402T133045+0300" comment="?" id="tt1_w14_1xb" flag="done"?><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20230404T171025+0300" parentID="tt1_w14_1xb" comment="вот как-то так надо делать, как у меня" flag="done" mid="23"?>(<bibl><author>Thieme</author>,
              <title>Asiatica 1954</title>, <biblScope>p. 656—666</biblScope></bibl>; cf.:
              <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ZDMG"/>
            <biblScope>1957 CVII 1
          86</biblScope></bibl>)<?oxy_comment_end mid="23"?><?oxy_comment_end ?> is also present in
            <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūdyn"><w>ūdyn</w>
            <gloss><q>try</q></gloss></ref>. — <bibl><author>Petersson</author>
              (<?oxy_comment_start author="elohim" timestamp="20230402T133148+0300" comment="?" id="ams_bb4_1xb" flag="done"?><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20230404T171204+0300" parentID="ams_bb4_1xb" comment="засунуть всё в библ (см. как сделано)" flag="done" mid="25"?><title>Arische
              u. arm St.</title><?oxy_comment_end ?><?oxy_comment_end mid="25"?>,
              <pubPlace>Lund</pubPlace>, <date>1920</date>, <biblScope>p. 66</biblScope>)</bibl>
          equates Ossetic<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20230404T171243+0300" comment="для ссылок на само слово используйте элемент oRef" id="u4j_bv4_1xb" flag="done"?><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20230404T194418+0300" parentID="u4j_bv4_1xb" comment="а вообще, если есть иронская и дигорская форма (например, в рефе или менте), надо делать так: &lt;w xml:lang=&apos;os-x-iron&apos;&gt;foo&lt;/w&gt;&lt;w xml:lang=&apos;os-x-digor&apos;&gt;bar&lt;/&gt;, тогда вертикальная черта появится автоматически" flag="done" mid="27"?>
          <oRef>ūd</oRef> | <oRef>od</oRef><?oxy_comment_end ?><?oxy_comment_end mid="27"?> with
            <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
            <w>od</w>
            <gloss><q>air</q></gloss></mentioned>. If <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
            <w>od</w></mentioned> goes back to <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">audho-</w></mentioned>, then this might be the case of a common origin and
          not of a direct relation. — Drawing a connection to <mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
            <w>odor</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
            <w>hot</w>
            <gloss><q>smell</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
            <biblScope>174</biblScope></bibl>) is wrongful. — <name>Ws. Miller</name> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
            <biblScope>II 105<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">7</hi></biblScope></bibl>) consider
            <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūd"><w>ūd</w></ref> close to <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
            <w>aota-</w>
            <gloss><q>cold (adj.)</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>cold (n.)</q></gloss></mentioned>. This
          comparison is justified if <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">aut-</w></mentioned>
          and <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">wat-</w></mentioned> are viewed as two
          variants of the same root. This assumption is well-ground. If the historical origin of the
          Iranic peoples is located somewhere to the North of the Caspian Sea, then they must have
          often associated cold with wind. — <name>Bailey</name> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_TPhS"/>
            <biblScope>1960, p. 70–72</biblScope></bibl>), based on a number of Iranic facts,
          identifies a single root <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">aut-</w></mentioned>,
            <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">wat-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">ut-</w></mentioned> with the meaning of <q>force</q>, including a
          psychological one (<mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
            <w>vat-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><w>aot-</w>
            <gloss><q>understand</q></gloss></mentioned> etc.), drawing a connection to the Ossetic
          forms <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūd"><w>ūd</w>
          </ref> and <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūdyn"><w>ūdyn</w>
          </ref>. It is quite probable that in terms of palaeontology the use of
            <?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20230404T194513+0300" comment="вот это забыли разметить" flag="done"?><mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">wat-</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?> applied to physical
          forces (<q>wind</q>, <q>air</q> etc.) is related to the use <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">wat-</w></mentioned> with respect to psychological ones. — See also <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūdyn"><w>ūdyn</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_aūdyn"><w>aūdyn</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ænūd"><w>ænūd</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tæppūd"><w>tæppūd</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūdaist"><w>ūdaist</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūdamælttæj"><w>ūdamælttæj</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūdægas"><w>ūdægas</w></ref>,
            <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūdæmbal"><w>ūdæmbal</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūdæncoj"><w>ūdæncoj</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūdʒæf"><w>ūdʒæf</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūdgojmag"><w>ūdgojmag</w></ref>,
            <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūdīsæg"><w>ūdīsæg</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūdīsæn"><w>ūdīsæn</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūdmīdæg"><w>ūdmīdæg</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūdwældaj"><w>ūdwældaj</w></ref>,
            <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūdxæssæg"><w>ūdxæssæg</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūdybæ­stæ"><w>ūdybæstæ</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūdylxæcæg"><w>ūdylxæcæg</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūdyxos"><w>ūdyxos</w></ref>.</etym>
      </entry>
    </body>
  </text>
</TEI>