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            <titleStmt>
                <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">gærdyn</hi></title>
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            <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
    Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
            <sourceDesc>
                <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
                        <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
                        <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
                        <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
            </sourceDesc>
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    <tagsDecl>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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            <entry xml:id="entry_gærdyn" xml:lang="os">
                <form xml:id="form_d3370e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>gærdyn</orth><form xml:id="form_d3370e68" type="participle"><orth>gærst</orth></form></form>
                <form xml:id="form_d3370e71" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>igærdun</orth><form xml:id="form_d3370e73" type="participle"><orth>igarst</orth></form></form>
                <sense xml:id="sense_d3370e76"><sense xml:id="sense_d3370e77"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>прорезать</q>
                        </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>cut through</q>
                        </abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d3370e86"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>прогрызать</q>
                        </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>gnaw through</q>
                        </abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d3370e95"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>прокладывать путь</q>
                        </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>break the way</q>
                        </abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d3370e104"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>вспарывать</q>
                        </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>rip open</q>
                        </abv:tr></sense></sense>
                <abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d3370e114">
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d3370e116">
                        <quote>arf mīty fændag ajgærstam</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>в глубоком снегу мы проложили („прорезали“) путь</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>we paved (“cut”) our path through deep snow</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d3370e131">
                        <quote>myst kʼutu mawal gærda…</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>чтобы мышь больше не прогрызала зернохранилище…</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>so that the mouse no longer gnaws through the granary …</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОТ"/><biblScope>62</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d3370e150" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote>læqwæn æ saw-dor ragælsta ma saw xonx festadæj; kizgæ dær æj je
                            ʽnsurtæj igærdgæ racudæj</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>юноша кинул свой оселок, и он обратился в черную гору; девушка стала
                                ее прогрызать своими клыками</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>the young man threw his touchstone, and it turned into a black
                                mountain; the girl began to gnaw it with her fangs</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/><biblScope>18%l11–12%l</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                </abv:exampleGrp>
                <etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3370e194" xml:id="mentioned_d3370e175" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
                        <w>*vi-kart-</w></mentioned>, сращение преверба <hi rendition="#rend_italic">vi-</hi> с основой <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kart-</hi>
                    ‘резать’; см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærgævdyn"/> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ævgærdun</hi>,
                    <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ævgærdæn</hi>. Иронский также имел в прошлом преверб <hi rendition="#rend_italic">i-</hi> (из <hi rendition="#rend_italic">vi-</hi>). Это
                    видно как из озвончения <hi rendition="#rend_italic">k</hi> → <hi rendition="#rend_italic">g</hi> (под влиянием предшествовавшего <hi rendition="#rend_italic">i</hi>),
                    так и из того, что при присоединении превербов <hi rendition="#rend_italic">a-</hi>, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ba-</hi> старый <hi rendition="#rend_italic">i</hi>
                    восстанавливается: <hi rendition="#rend_italic">a-j-gærdyn</hi>, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ba-j-gærdyn</hi>.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>III 143</biblScope></bibl>;
                            <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/><biblScope>17</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
                <etym xml:lang="en">It traces back to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3370e175" xml:id="mentioned_d3370e194" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
                        <w>*vi-kart-</w></mentioned>, a fusion of a preverb <hi rendition="#rend_italic">vi-</hi> with a stem
                    <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kart-</hi> ‘cut’; see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærgævdyn"/> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ævgærdun</hi>,
                    <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ævgærdæn</hi>. Iron also had in the past a preverb <hi rendition="#rend_italic">i-</hi> (from <hi rendition="#rend_italic">vi-</hi>). It can
                    be seen both from the voicing <hi rendition="#rend_italic">k</hi> → <hi rendition="#rend_italic">g</hi> (under the influence of the
                    preceding <hi rendition="#rend_italic">i</hi>), and from the fact that the addition of preverbs <hi rendition="#rend_italic">a-</hi>,
                    <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ba-</hi> leads to the recovering of the old <hi rendition="#rend_italic">i</hi>: <hi rendition="#rend_italic">a-j-gærdyn</hi>,
                            <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ba-j-gærdyn</hi>.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>III 143</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/><biblScope>17</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
            </entry>
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