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            <titleStmt>
                <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ævǧaw</hi></title>
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            <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
    Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
            <sourceDesc>
                <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
                        <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
                        <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
                        <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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        <rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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            <entry xml:id="entry_ævǧaw" xml:lang="os">
                <form xml:id="form_d5108e66" type="lemma"><orth>ævǧaw</orth></form>
                <sense xml:id="sense_d5108e69"><sense xml:id="sense_d5108e70"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>то, что жаль тратить, портить, уничтожать</q>
                        </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>something that one grudges to waste, to spoil, to destroy</q>
                        </abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d5108e79"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>то, что заслуживает бережного отношения</q>
                        </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>somrthing that is worth considerate attitude</q>
                        </abv:tr></sense></sense>
                <abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d5108e89">
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d5108e91">
                        <quote>axæm cūqqa īwdaronæn ævǧaw ū</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>такая черкеска для постоянного ношения слишком хороша</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>this Circassian coat is too good for wearing it constatly</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d5108e106">
                        <quote>mælynæn ævǧaw wyd</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>жаль его для смерти</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>he does not deserve death</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <note type="comment" xml:lang="ru"> (он был слишком хорош для смерти)</note>
                        <note type="comment" xml:lang="en"> (he was too good for death)</note>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d5108e127">
                        <quote>ævǧaw ū max xæxtæn dæ cyt</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>наши горы недостойны твоей славы</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>our mountains do not deserve your fame</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>30</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d5108e146">
                        <quote>hej, ræsuǧd Rubajon, bæg˳y ævǧaw dæ æg˳yʒæg myggagæn</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>эй, красавица Рубайон, слишком хороша ты для такой ничтожной
                                фамилии</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>hey, beautiful Rubajon, you are too good for such a insignificant
                                surname</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/><biblScope>54</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d5108e165" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote>don kujti tægænaj nikkodton, kalunmæ ʽj bavǧaw kodton</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>воду я налил в корыто для собак, пожалел вылить ее</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>I poured water in the dog trough, I grudged to pour it out</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/><biblScope>1956 VII
                            51</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d5108e188" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote>max ajʒag fons acal-awal anzi kæmæn ǧæwaj kodtan etæ nin xwari merkʼæ
                            næ, fal cʼataj kʼoxiʒag dær ma bavǧaw kænioncæ æma nin nekæd
                            ravardtoncæ</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>те, для кого мы такую массу скота стерегли столько лет, не только
                                меру зерна, но даже горсть отрубей жалели для нас и никогда не
                                давали</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>those, for whom we had been watching so much cattle for so many
                                years, grudged not just grain, but a handful of bran and had never
                                gave it to us</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/><biblScope>19</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d5108e210" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote>aci læqwæn max cardi ævǧaw æj</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>этот мальчик слишком хорош для нашей жизни</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>this boy is too good for our life</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Munk."/><biblScope>156</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d5108e232">
                        <quote>mæ ūd dær dyn næ fevǧaw kænʒynæn</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>даже души для тебя не пожалею</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>I will not grudge even a soul for you</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                    </abv:example>
                </abv:exampleGrp>
                <etym xml:lang="ru">Сращение ныне мертвого префикса <hi rendition="#rend_italic">æv</hi>- (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5108e298" xml:id="mentioned_d5108e250" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
                        <w>apa-</w></mentioned>) с основой <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ǧaw</hi>- ‘тратить’, ‘потреблять’,
                    ‘уменьшать’, см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qawyn"/> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ǧawun</hi> Префикс
                    <hi rendition="#rend_italic">æv</hi>-(<hi rendition="#rend_italic">apa</hi>-) употреблен здесь в значении отрицания. Такое употребление
                    находит поддержку и в других иранских языках; ср., например,<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5108e305" xml:id="mentioned_d5108e257" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
                        <w>*apō('pw)</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5108e310" xml:id="mentioned_d5108e262" xml:lang="sog"><w>ap-</w>
                        <gloss><q>не</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5108e316" xml:id="mentioned_d5108e268" xml:lang="sog"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>без</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Gramm._sogd."/><biblScope>II 163, 168</biblScope></bibl>),
                    а также <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5108e327" xml:id="mentioned_d5108e279" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
                        <w>bē</w><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru"> (из <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*apaiy</hi>: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._PSt."/><biblScope>33</biblScope></bibl>)</note>
                        <gloss><q>без</q></gloss></mentioned>. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Æv</hi>-<hi rendition="#rend_italic">ǧaw</hi>, следовательно, — „не
                    подлежащий трате“, „неприкосновенный“. В слове <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ævrong"/> ‘трезвый’ мы находим совершенно такую же семантику
                    префикса <hi rendition="#rend_italic">æv</hi>-.</etym>
                <etym xml:lang="en">The fusion of the prefix <hi rendition="#rend_italic">æv</hi>- (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5108e250" xml:id="mentioned_d5108e298" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
                        <w>apa-</w></mentioned>) which is now out of use with the stem <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ǧaw</hi>- ‘to
                    waste’, ‘to consume’, ‘to reduce’, see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qawyn"/> |
                    <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ǧawun</hi>. The prefix <hi rendition="#rend_italic">æv</hi>- (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">apa</hi>-) is used here in a negative sense. This
                    usage also finds support in other Iranian languages; cf., e.g., <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5108e257" xml:id="mentioned_d5108e305" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
                        <w>*apō('pw)</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5108e262" xml:id="mentioned_d5108e310" xml:lang="sog"><w>ap-</w>
                        <gloss><q>not</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5108e268" xml:id="mentioned_d5108e316" xml:lang="sog"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>without</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Gramm._sogd."/><biblScope>II 163, 168</biblScope></bibl>),
                    and also <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5108e279" xml:id="mentioned_d5108e327" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
                        <w>bē</w><note type="comment" xml:lang="en"> (from <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*apaiy</hi>: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._PSt."/><biblScope>33</biblScope></bibl>)</note>
                        <gloss><q>without</q></gloss></mentioned>. Hence, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">æv</hi>-<hi rendition="#rend_italic">ǧaw</hi> means ‘not
                    wasteable’, ‘untouchable’. We found the same semantics of the prefix <hi rendition="#rend_italic">æv</hi>- in
                    the word <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ævrong"/> ‘sober’.</etym>
            </entry>
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