<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">xūd</hi></title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
    Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
            <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
            <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
    <encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
    <tagsDecl>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
    </tagsDecl>
</encodingDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <entry xml:id="entry_xūd" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
        <form xml:id="form_d5801e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>xūd</orth></form>
        <form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>xodæ</orth></form>
        <sense>
          <sense xml:id="sense_d5801e69">
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>шапка</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>hat</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
          <sense>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>папаха</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>sheepskin hat</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
        </sense>
        <re>
          <form type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>nymæt xūd</orth></form>
          <form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>bujnag xodæ</orth></form>
          <sense>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">войлочная (фетровая) шляпа</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">felt hat</q>
            </tr>
          </sense>
        </re>
        <re>
          <form type="lemma"><orth>wælʒarm xūd</orth></form>
          <sense>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">барашковая шапка</q>
            </tr>
            <?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230614T192157+0300" comment="????"?>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">lamb wool hat</q>
            </tr><?oxy_comment_end ?>
          </sense>
        </re>
        <re xml:lang="os-x-digor">
          <form type="lemma"><usg><lang/></usg><orth>cærmin xodæ</orth></form>
          <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> id.</note>
          <note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> id.</note>
        </re>
        <re>
          <form type="lemma"><orth>xælyn xūd</orth></form>
          <sense>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">шапка из тонкой кожи</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">thin leather hat</q>
            </tr>
          </sense>
        </re>
        <re>
          <form type="lemma"><orth>zǧær xūd</orth></form>
          <sense>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">шлем</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">helmet</q>
            </tr>
          </sense>
        </re>
        <re>
          <form type="lemma"><orth>gamxūd</orth></form>
          <sense>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">шапка-невидимка</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">invisible hat</q>
            </tr>
          </sense>
        </re>
        <re>
          <form type="lemma"><orth>xūdaīstæj</orth></form>
          <sense>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">сняв шапку</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">taking off the hat</q>
            </tr>
          </sense>
          <note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ГО"/>
              <biblScope>’§ 207<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">6</hi></biblScope></bibl>)</note>
        </re>
        <re>
          <form type="lemma"><orth>xuddag</orth></form>
          <sense>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">материал (мех) на шапку</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">material (fur) for a hat</q>
            </tr>
          </sense>
        </re>
        <re>
          <form type="lemma"><orth>xūdīsæn</orth></form>
          <sense>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">место вблизи святилища, где полагалось снимать
                шапку</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a place near a sanctuary where one was supposed
                to take off the hat</q>
            </tr>
          </sense>
        </re>
        <exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">zærond lægtæ k˳yvtoj..., kæstærtæ sæ
                <oRef>xūdtæ</oRef> sīstoj</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">старики произносили молитву, младшие сняли
                шапки</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the old people said a prayer, the younger ones
                took off their hats</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
              <biblScope>236</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">lægtæ næxī k˳y xonæm, <oRef>xūdtæ</oRef> nyl
              k˳y īs</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ведь мы называем себя мужчинами, носим
                шапки</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">because we call ourselves men, we wear hats</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/>
              <biblScope>112</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(Sadullæ Maniʒæmæ) jæ <oRef>xūdy</oRef> bynæj
              sūsægæj kastī</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(Садулла на Манидзу) тайком поглядывал из-под
                шапки</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Sadullæ secretly glanced at Maniʒæ from under
                his hat</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
              <biblScope>78</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">zærond cærmin pixsiltæ xodæ...</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">старая мохнатая барашковая шапка...</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">old furry lamb hat...</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
              <biblScope>115</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æ særbæl ba adtæj zærindag æ bidtæj ǧæst
              xodæ</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">на голове ее была украшенная золотой тесьмой
                шапка</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">on her head there was a hat adorned with gold
                braid</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
              <biblScope>1949 II 31</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
        </exampleGrp>
        <etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">xauda-</w></mentioned>. Cp. <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
            <w>xōї</w>, <w>xōd</w>
            <gloss><q>шлем</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Фирдоуси</author>
                <biblScope>1 <hi rendition="#rend_italic">23</hi>
            9</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
              <w>xōl</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ydg" extralang="mnj"><lang/>
              <w>xūlo</w>, <w>xūlā</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="oru"><lang/>
              <w>xōli</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="srh"><lang/>
              <w>xauδ</w>, <w>xεwδ</w></mentioned>
            <gloss><q>шапка</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
            <w>skiδ</w>
            <?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230614T190122+0300" comment="можно ли это сделать общим ко всем меншндам?"?><note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._IIFL"/>
                <biblScope>II 539</biblScope></bibl>)</note><?oxy_comment_end ?></mentioned>,
            <mentioned xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
            <w>xud</w>, <w>xut</w>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Андреев._Ягн."/>
                <biblScope>362</biblScope></bibl>)</note>
            <gloss><q>тюбетейка</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="peo"><lang/>
            <w>xauda-</w>
            <note type="comment">в наименовании одного из <lang>скифских</lang> племен <mentioned xml:lang="peo"><phr><w>sakā</w>
                  <w>tigraxaudā-</w></phr></mentioned></note>
            <gloss><q>саки, носящие островерхие шапки</q></gloss></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="peo"><w>tigraxaudā-</w></mentioned> = <mentioned xml:lang="os"><lang/>
            <w xml:lang="os-x-iron">cyrǧxūd</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">cirǧxodæ</w></mentioned>),
            <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
            <w>xaoδā-</w>
            <gloss><q>шапка</q>, <q>шлем</q></gloss></mentioned>. Возможно, следует возводить к
            <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">(s)keu-</w>
            <gloss><q>покрывать</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
                <biblScope>951—953</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Иранские факты
          подсказывают вариант <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">(s)kheudh</w></mentioned>. —
          Из иранского идут <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
            <w>xoir</w>
            <gloss><q>диадема</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Arm._Gr."/>
                <biblScope>69</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
            <w>kudi</w>
            <gloss><q>шапка</q></gloss>
            <note type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._IIFL"/>
                <biblScope>II 266</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <w>khola-</w>
            <gloss><q>вид головного убора</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Mayrhofer"/>
                <biblScope>I 312—313</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Вряд ли случайно
          созвучие с германской группой: <mentioned xml:lang="ang" extralang="ofs"><lang/>
            <w>hōd</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
            <w>Hut</w></mentioned> и пр.; вариативность огласовки? К скифо-латинским изоглоссам
          следует относить <mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
            <w>cudo</w>, <note type="comment"><m>-onis</m></note>
            <gloss><q>кожаный шлем</q></gloss></mentioned>, как <mentioned xml:lang="la"><w>mustela</w>, <w>Volcānus</w></mentioned> и др. (см.: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СЕИ"/>
            <biblScope>27— 29, 129—131</biblScope></bibl>).<lb/><bibl>Вс. <author>Миллер</author>.
              <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ">ОЭ</ref>
            <biblScope> II 58, 73</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/>
            <biblScope>20, 26</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Tomaschek"/>
            <biblScope>808</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
            <biblScope>69</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._PSt.">PSt.</ref>
            <biblScope>201</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Arm._Gr.">Arm. Gr.</ref>
            <biblScope>160<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">280</hi></biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
            <biblScope>53, 86, 360</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Mann"/>
            <biblScope>172</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Bailey</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AO">АО</ref>
            <date>1966</date>
            <biblScope>XXX 27 (к базе <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">(s)k(h)eu-</w></mentioned>)</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
        <etym xml:lang="en">Goes back to <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">xauda-</w></mentioned>. Cf. <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
            <w>xōї</w>, <w>xōd</w>
            <gloss><q>helmet</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><bibl xml:lang="en"><author>Ferdowsi</author>
                  <biblScope>1 <hi rendition="#rend_italic">23</hi>
              9</biblScope></bibl></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
              <w>xōl</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ydg" extralang="mnj"><lang/>
              <w>xūlo</w>, <w>xūlā</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="oru"><lang/>
              <w>xōli</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="srh"><lang/>
              <w>xauδ</w>, <w>xεwδ</w></mentioned>
            <gloss><q>hat</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
            <w>skiδ</w>
            <?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230614T190122+0300" comment="можно ли это сделать общим ко всем меншндам?"?><note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._IIFL"/>
                <biblScope>II 539</biblScope></bibl>)</note><?oxy_comment_end ?></mentioned>,
            <mentioned xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
            <w>xud</w>, <w>xut</w>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Андреев._Ягн."/>
                <biblScope>362</biblScope></bibl>)</note>
            <gloss><q>skullcap</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="peo"><lang/>
            <w>xauda-</w>
            <note type="comment">in the name of one of the <lang>Scythian</lang> tribes <mentioned xml:lang="peo"><phr><w>sakā</w>
                  <w>tigraxaudā-</w></phr></mentioned></note>
            <gloss><q>Sakas wearing pointed hats</q></gloss></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="peo"><w>tigraxaudā-</w></mentioned> = <mentioned xml:lang="os"><lang/>
            <w xml:lang="os-x-iron">cyrǧxūd</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">cirǧxodæ</w></mentioned>),
            <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
            <w>xaoδā-</w>
            <gloss><q>hat</q>, <q>helmet</q></gloss></mentioned>. Perhaps it should go back to
            <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">(s)keu-</w>
            <gloss><q>cover</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
                <biblScope>951—953</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Iranian facts suggest an
          option <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">(s)kheudh</w></mentioned>. — The following
          words come from Iranina: <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
            <w>xoir</w>
            <gloss><q>diadem</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Arm._Gr."/>
                <biblScope>69</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
            <w>kudi</w>
            <gloss><q>hat</q></gloss>
            <note type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._IIFL"/>
                <biblScope>II 266</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <w>khola-</w>
            <gloss><q>type of headgear</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Mayrhofer"/>
                <biblScope>I 312—313</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. It is hardly an
          accident that there is  consonance with the German group: <mentioned xml:lang="ang" extralang="ofs"><lang/>
            <w>hōd</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
            <w>Hut</w></mentioned> etc.; a variant of vocalization? The Scytho-Latin isoglosses
          should include <mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
            <w>cudo</w>, <note type="comment"><m>-onis</m></note>
            <gloss><q>leather helmet</q></gloss></mentioned>, as <mentioned xml:lang="la"><w>mustela</w>, <w>Volcānus</w></mentioned> etc. (see: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СЕИ"/>
            <biblScope>27— 29, 129—131</biblScope></bibl>).<lb/><bibl>Ws. <author>Miller</author>.
              <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ">OE</ref>
            <biblScope> II 58, 73</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/>
            <biblScope>20, 26</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Tomaschek"/>
            <biblScope>808</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
            <biblScope>69</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._PSt.">PSt.</ref>
            <biblScope>201</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Arm._Gr.">Arm. Gr.</ref>
            <biblScope>160<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">280</hi></biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
            <biblScope>53, 86, 360</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Mann"/>
            <biblScope>172</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Bailey</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AO">АО</ref>
            <date>1966</date>
            <biblScope>XXX 27 (to the stem <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">(s)k(h)eu-</w></mentioned>)</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
      </entry>
    </body>
  </text>
</TEI>