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      <titleStmt>
        <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">sapp</hi></title>
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      <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml">
        <p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
          Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
            <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
            <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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        <rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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    <body>
      <entry xml:id="entry_sapp" xml:lang="os-x-iron" abv:completeness="incomplete">
        <form xml:id="form_d2966e66" type="lemma"><orth>sapp</orth></form>
        <usg><lang/></usg>
        <sense xml:id="sense_d2966e69">
          <def xml:lang="ru">понятие, связанное с горным земледелием: в процессе пахоты на склоне
            горы часть земли и камней сбрасывается вниз и образует гребень между данной пашней и
            нижележащей, а весь обрабатываемый склон приобретает террасообразный вид, где полосы
            пашен чередуются с гребнями необрабатываемых межей = <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">саппов</q></gloss> (объяснение, любезно присланное
              <name>А. Биазровым</name> со слов жителя сел. Хидыкус Куртатинского ущелья Вано
              <name>Мурзаганова</name>, 84 лет)</def>
          <def xml:lang="en">a concept associated with mountain farming: in the process of plowing
            on the mountainside, the part of the ground and stones falls down and forms a crest
            between this arable land and those one that lays below, and all the mountainside takes
            the form of a terrace: strips of the arable land alternate with crests of unplowable
            lands = <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">sapps</q></gloss>. (this explanation
            was kindly sent by <name>A. Biazrov</name>, it was written from the words of the
            villager of Khidyqus
            (<?oxy_comment_start author="админ" timestamp="20221213T210139+0300" comment="не знаю, как написать &quot;Квартатинское ущелье&quot;"?>Kwyrtaty
            gorge<?oxy_comment_end ?>) Vano <name>Merzaganov</name>, 84 years old)</def>
        </sense>
        <exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">fætarst ūrs bæx, <oRef>sappy</oRef> særty ūcy
              zyvvytt k˳y fælasta</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">испугался белый конь, как скакнет через
                  <emph>сапп</emph></q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the white horse got scared, it jumped over the
                  <emph>sapp</emph></q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Хар._Кадӕг"/>
              <biblScope>74</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">sīʒær sabi... sald x˳ykʼytæ fækʼaxy
                <oRef>sappyl</oRef> ragwalʒæg</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ребенок-сирота выкапывает мерзлые <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>x˳yḱʼy</w></mentioned><note xml:lang="ru" type="footnote">
                  <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>x˳yḱʼy</w></mentioned> — название дикого съедобного
                  корнеплода.</note> на <emph>саппе</emph> ранней весной</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">an orphan digs frozen <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>x˳yḱʼy</w></mentioned><note xml:lang="en" type="footnote"><mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>x˳yḱʼy</w></mentioned> is the name of an edible wild root
                  vegetable.</note> up on a <emph>sapp</emph> in early spring</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Niger"/>
              <biblScope>20</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">akæs — <oRef>sappyl</oRef> qazy sæǧ</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">посмотри — на <emph>саппе</emph> резвится
                коза</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">look — there a goat frolics on the
                  <emph>sapp</emph>. </q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Niger"/>
              <biblScope>152</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
        </exampleGrp>
        <etym xml:lang="ru">Соблазнительно созвучие с <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
            <w>сапа</w>
            <gloss><q>траншея</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>подкоп</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>прикрытый валом
                ров</q></gloss></mentioned>, заимствованным в свою очередь из <mentioned xml:lang="fr"><lang/>
            <w>sappe</w></mentioned> (отсюда <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><w>сапер</w></mentioned>). Мог
          ли, однако, чисто военный термин быть применен в осетинском к совершенно не военным
          реалиям?</etym>
        <etym xml:lang="en">The consonance with <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
            <w>sapa</w>
            <gloss><q>trench</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>tunnel</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>ditch with a
                bank</q></gloss></mentioned> borrowed from <mentioned xml:lang="fr"><lang/>
            <w>sappe</w></mentioned> (Russian <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><w>sapër</w>
            <?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20230320T035830+0300" comment="refer to English sapper as well?"?><gloss><q>sapper</q></gloss><?oxy_comment_end ?></mentioned>
          is also derived from this French word) is tempting. But, however, could this purely
          military term be used in Ossetic for the reference to completely unmilitary
          realities?</etym>
      </entry>
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