<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
    <teiHeader>
        <fileDesc>
            <titleStmt>
                <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kad</hi></title>
            </titleStmt>
            <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
    Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
            <sourceDesc>
                <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
                        <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
                        <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
                        <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
            </sourceDesc>
        </fileDesc>
        <encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
    <tagsDecl>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
    </tagsDecl>
</encodingDesc>
    </teiHeader>
    <text>
        <body>
            <entry xml:id="entry_kad" xml:lang="os">
                <form xml:id="form_d1029e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>kad</orth></form>
                <form xml:id="form_d1029e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>kadæ</orth></form>
                <sense xml:id="sense_d1029e72"><sense xml:id="sense_d1029e73"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>слава</q>
                        </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>glory</q>
                        </abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d1029e82"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>почесть</q>
                        </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>honour</q>
                        </abv:tr></sense></sense>
                <re xml:id="re_d1029e92">
                    <re xml:id="re_d1029e94">
                        <form xml:id="form_d1029e96" type="lemma"><orth>kadǵyn</orth></form>
                        <sense xml:id="sense_d1029e99"><sense xml:id="sense_d1029e100"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                                    <q>славный</q>
                                </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                                    <q>famous</q>
                                </abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d1029e109"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                                    <q>чтимый</q>
                                </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                                    <q>honoured</q>
                                </abv:tr></sense></sense>
                    </re>
                    <re xml:id="re_d1029e120">
                        <form xml:id="form_d1029e122" type="lemma"><orth>ægad</orth></form>
                        <sense xml:id="sense_d1029e125"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                                <q>бесславный</q>
                            </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                                <q>infamous</q>
                            </abv:tr></sense>
                    </re>
                </re>
                <abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d1029e137">
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d1029e139">
                        <quote>fydælty kad</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>слава предков</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>the glory of the ancestors</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>22</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d1029e158">
                        <quote>dæ nomyl, dæ kadyl næ baryn mæxt</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>с твоим именем, твоей славой я себя не равняю</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>I don't equate myself with your name, your glory</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>14</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d1029e177">
                        <quote>kadmæ bælgæjæ ægadæj mælæm</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>стремясь к славе, мы погибаем в бесславии</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>striving for glory, we perish in shame</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>39</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d1029e196" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote>ka din ne skænʒænæj kadæ?</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>кто не воздаст тебе почестей?</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>кто не воздаст тебе почестей?</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Wadž."/><biblScope>11</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                </abv:exampleGrp>
                <etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к иран. *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">kāta-</hi>. Лексикализованное причастие от не
                    сохранившегося в осетинском глагола *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">kay-</hi>, *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">čay-</hi> ‘воздавать должное’ и
                    пр., и.е. *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">k˳ei-</hi> с исходным значением ‘смотреть’, ‘обращать внимание’
                            (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/><biblScope>636
                            сл.</biblScope></bibl>). Ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e450" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e226" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
                        <w>kay-</w>
                        <gloss><q>воздавать должное</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e458" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e234" xml:lang="ae"><w>kava-</w>
                        <gloss><q>воздаяние</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e464" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e240" xml:lang="ae"><w>kāta-</w></mentioned> в <hi rendition="#rend_italic">xratu-kāta-</hi> ‘прославленный мудростью’,
                        <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e467" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e243" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
                        <w>čāyati</w>
                        <gloss><q>оказывает внимание</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e476" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e252" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>чтит</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e482" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e258" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>čayate</w>
                        <gloss><q>воздает</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e488" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e264" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>мстит</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e494" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e270" xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
                        <w n="0">каяти ся</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e499" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e276" xml:lang="orv"><lang/>
                        <w>каяти</w>
                        <gloss><q>мстить</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e507" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e284" xml:lang="sr"><lang/>
                        <w>kajati</w>
                        <gloss><q>мстить</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e516" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e293" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
                        <w>каяться</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e521" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e298" xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
                        <w n="0">чаяти</w>
                        <gloss><q>ждать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e529" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e307" xml:lang="cu"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>надеяться</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e535" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e313" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
                        <w>τἰω</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e540" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e318" xml:lang="grc"><w>τείω</w>
                        <gloss><q>ценю</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e546" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e324" xml:lang="grc"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>чту</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e553" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e331" xml:lang="grc"><w>τιμή</w>
                        <gloss><q>почесть</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e559" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e337" xml:lang="grc"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>воздаяние</q></gloss></mentioned>. — Этот же корень наличен в ос.
                        <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cyt"/> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">citæ</hi> ‘почет’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ævǵīd"/> (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">æv-gīd</hi>) ‘порука’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kīnæ"/> (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_kenæ"/>) ‘месть’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_koj"/> ‘молва’ (отношение <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kad</hi> || <hi rendition="#rend_italic">koj</hi> такое
                    же, как <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ancad</hi> || <hi rendition="#rend_italic">æncoj</hi>, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fællad</hi> || <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fælloj</hi>). — Отношение
                    перечисленных слов к их предполагаемым исходным формам представляется в
                    следующем виде:%n<hi rendition="#rend_italic">kad</hi> ← *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">kata-</hi><hi rendition="#rend_italic">koj</hi> ← *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">kan(у)а-</hi><hi rendition="#rend_italic">kīnæ</hi> ←
                    *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">kaina-</hi><hi rendition="#rend_italic">(æv)ǵīd</hi> ← *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">(аbi)kaita-</hi><hi rendition="#rend_italic">cyt</hi> ← *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">čiva-</hi>Производным от
                    <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kad</hi> является, по-видимому, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kadæg"/>
                    ‘героическая сага’, ‘былина’. — <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Bailey</hi> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOAS"/><biblScope>XIII 396</biblScope></bibl>) относит
                    сюда же <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e582" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e360" xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
                        <note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">(из иран.) </note><w>nkʼ atʼ(*ni-kata)</w>
                        <gloss><q>внимание</q></gloss></mentioned> и привлекает также собственное
                    имя, встречающееся на кушанских монетах, — <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Kadphises</hi>, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Каdaphes</hi> из
                    *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">kāta-paisa</hi> ‘славного вида’ (ср. по образованию Σπαργαπίσης, Ἀριαπείυης:
                            <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>175</biblScope></bibl>). — С ос. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kad</hi> связаны, по-видимому,
                        <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e596" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e374" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
                        <w>kad-eba</w>
                        <gloss><q>хвастать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e605" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e383" xml:lang="ka"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>хвастовство</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e611" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e389" xml:lang="ka"><w>kad-ili</w>
                        <gloss><q>хвастовство</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e617" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e395" xml:lang="ka"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>предмет гордости</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e623" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e401" xml:lang="ka"><w>kad-il-oba</w>
                        <gloss><q>гордиться</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e629" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e407" xml:lang="ka"><w>si-kad-uli</w>
                        <gloss><q>слава</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e635" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e413" xml:lang="ka"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>гордость</q></gloss></mentioned>. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e642" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e420" xml:lang="inh"><lang/>
                        <w>kad</w>
                        <gloss><q>приз</q></gloss></mentioned> также сближается с осетинским (%bГ е
                    н к о, ЗКВ V 722%b). — Другие этимологии: Шегрен (84) — араб. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">qadr</hi> ‘цена’,
                    ‘достоинство’; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>(II 49)</biblScope></bibl>: „м.б. сближается с авест.
                    <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kāta-</hi> ‘любимый’, ‘любящий’, прич. страд. от <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kā-</hi> ‘желать’“. Ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kadæg"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_koj"/>,
                        <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kīnæ"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cyt"/>,
                        <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ævǵīd"/>.</etym>
                <etym xml:lang="en">It traces back to Iranian *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">kāta-</hi>. It is a lexicalized
                    participle from not preserved Ossetic verb *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">kay-</hi>, *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">čay-</hi> ‘to give due’
                    etc., Indo-European *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">k˳ei-</hi> with the initial meaning ‘to look’, ‘to pay
                    attention’ (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/><biblScope>636
                            сл.</biblScope></bibl>). Cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e226" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e450" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
                        <w>kay-</w>
                        <gloss><q>to give due</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e234" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e458" xml:lang="ae"><w>kava-</w>
                        <gloss><q>requitak</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e240" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e464" xml:lang="ae"><w>kāta-</w></mentioned> в <hi rendition="#rend_italic">xratu-kāta-</hi> ‘glorified by wisdom’,
                        <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e243" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e467" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
                        <w>čāyati</w>
                        <gloss><q>(he) favours</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e252" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e476" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>(he) honours</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e258" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e482" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>čayate</w>
                        <gloss><q>(he) gives (due)</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e264" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e488" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>to take revenge</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e270" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e494" xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
                        <w>kajti sę</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e276" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e499" xml:lang="orv"><lang/>
                        <w>каяти</w>
                        <gloss><q>to take revenge</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e284" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e507" xml:lang="sr"><lang/>
                        <w>kajati</w>
                        <gloss><q>to take revenge</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e293" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e516" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
                        <w>kajatʼsja</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e298" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e521" xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
                        <w>čajati</w>
                        <gloss><q>to wait</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e307" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e529" xml:lang="cu"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>to hope</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e313" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e535" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
                        <w>τἰω</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e318" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e540" xml:lang="grc"><w>τείω</w>
                        <gloss><q>(I) value</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e324" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e546" xml:lang="grc"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>(I) honour</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e331" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e553" xml:lang="grc"><w>τιμή</w>
                        <gloss><q>honour</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e337" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e559" xml:lang="grc"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>requital</q></gloss></mentioned>. — The same root is found in
                    Ossetic <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cyt"/> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">citæ</hi> ‘respect’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ævǵīd"/> (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">æv-gīd</hi>) ‘bail’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kīnæ"/> (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_kenæ"/>) ‘revenge’,
                        <ref type="xr" target="#entry_koj"/> ‘rumour’ (the relation <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kad</hi> ||
                    <hi rendition="#rend_italic">koj</hi> is the same as <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ancad</hi> || <hi rendition="#rend_italic">æncoj</hi>, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fællad</hi> || <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fælloj</hi>). — The
                    relation between the words listed above and their assumed initial forms is as
                    follows:%n<hi rendition="#rend_italic">kad</hi> ← *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">kata-</hi><hi rendition="#rend_italic">koj</hi> ← *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">kan(у)а-</hi><hi rendition="#rend_italic">kīnæ</hi> ←
                    *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">kaina-</hi><hi rendition="#rend_italic">(æv)ǵīd</hi> ← *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">(аbi)kaita-</hi><hi rendition="#rend_italic">cyt</hi> ← *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">čiva-</hi>The word <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kadæg"/> ‘героическая сага’, ‘былина’ is apparently
                    derived from <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kad</hi>. — <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Bailey</hi> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOAS"/><biblScope>XIII 396</biblScope></bibl>) attributes to this root
                        <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e360" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e582" xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
                        <note type="comment" xml:lang="en">(from Iranian) </note><w>nkʼ atʼ(*ni-kata)</w>
                        <gloss><q>attention</q></gloss></mentioned>, he also appeals to a proper
                    name, which can be encountered on Kushan coins, — <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Kadphises</hi>, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Каdaphes</hi>
                    from *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">kāta-paisa</hi> ‘glorious’ (cf. on derivation Σπαργαπίσης, Ἀριαπείυης:
                            <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>175</biblScope></bibl>). —Ossetic <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kad</hi> is apparently related
                    to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e374" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e596" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
                        <w>kad-eba</w>
                        <gloss><q>to boast</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e383" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e605" xml:lang="ka"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>boasting</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e389" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e611" xml:lang="ka"><w>kad-ili</w>
                        <gloss><q>boasting</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e395" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e617" xml:lang="ka"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>boast</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e401" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e623" xml:lang="ka"><w>kad-il-oba</w>
                        <gloss><q>to be proud</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e407" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e629" xml:lang="ka"><w>si-kad-uli</w>
                        <gloss><q>fame</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e413" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e635" xml:lang="ka"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>pride</q></gloss></mentioned>. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1029e420" xml:id="mentioned_d1029e642" xml:lang="inh"><lang/>
                        <w>kad</w>
                        <gloss><q>prize</q></gloss></mentioned> is also thought of as close to
                    Ossetic (<hi rendition="#rend_bold">Г е н к о, ЗКВ V 722%b). — Other etymologies: %bШегрен</hi> (84) —
                    Arabic <hi rendition="#rend_italic">qadr</hi> ‘price’, ‘dignity’; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>(II 49)</biblScope></bibl>: „it
                    might be close to Avestian <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kāta-</hi> ‘favourite’, ‘loving’, a passive participle
                    from <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kā-</hi> ‘to wish’“. Cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kadæg"/>,<ref type="xr" target="#entry_koj"/>,<ref type="xr" target="#entry_kīnæ"/>,<ref type="xr" target="#entry_cyt"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ævǵīd"/>.</etym>
            </entry>
        </body>
    </text>
</TEI>