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      <titleStmt>
        <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">tærf</hi></title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
        Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
          <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
          <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
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        <rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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      <entry xml:id="entry_tærf" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
        <?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20230209T134357+0300" comment="Russian checked"?>
        <form xml:id="form_d4895e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>tærf</orth></form><?oxy_comment_end ?>
        <form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>tærfæ</orth></form>
        <sense>
          <sense xml:id="sense_d4895e69">
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>лощина</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>hollow</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
          <sense>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>ложбина</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>trough</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
          <sense>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>котловина</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>ravine</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
          <sense>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>впадина</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>valley</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
        </sense>
        <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; близко по значению <ref type="xr" target="#entry_lænk"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">lænk</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">læncæ</w></ref></note>
        <note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; close on its meaning to <ref type="xr" target="#entry_lænk"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">lænk</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">læncæ</w></ref></note>
        <exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ars ærdūzmæ fæzynd tærfæj, jæ fæstægtyl
              ærbady…</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">медведь показался на поляне, (поднявшись) из
                ложбины, садится на задние лапы…</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the bear showed up in the meadow, (rising) from
                the hollow, sits on his hind legs…</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
              <biblScope>IV 42</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ūcy īwx˳yzon ænk’ard bydyry jæddæmæ cæst
              nīcæwyl xæcyd… nyllæg qamyl <oRef>tærfyty</oRef></quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">…глаз ничего не схватывал, кроме однообразной
                печальной равнины… с низкими камышами в лощинах…</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">…the eye could not grasp anything but the
                monotonous, sad plain... with low reeds in the hollows...…</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Qazaq"/>
              <biblScope>207</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Sirdon æj (Soslani bæxi) ew
                <oRef>tærfæmæ</oRef> balasta ma in je ’ftawgiti buni kokojni sinӡitæ bakodta</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Сирдон его (Сосланова коня) завел в одну лощину
                и подложил ему под попоны колючек</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Sirdon led him (Soslan's horse) into a ravine
                and put thorns under his shabrack</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
              <biblScope>II 21</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">raxesærdigi urux <oRef>tærfi</oRef>…
              æræncadæj Xænæz</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">справа в широкой котловине расположился (аул)
                Ханаз</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">On the right in a wide valley is located (aul)
                Khanaz</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сл."/></bibl>
          </example>
        </exampleGrp>
        <etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к скифо-европейской изоглоссе
            <?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20230209T134148+0300" comment="отмечаю как и.е., но не уверен"?><mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">tarpo-</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?>. Изоглосса
          охватывает славянские, балтийские, тохарский и фракийский: <mentioned xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
            <w>trapъ</w>
            <gloss><q>яма</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
            <w>tárpas</w>
            <gloss><q>промежуток</q>, <q>щель</q>, <q>расщелина</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><w>tarpēklis</w>
            <gloss><q>лощина</q>, <q>ложбина</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xto"><lang/>
            <w>tarp</w>
            <gloss><q>болото</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="txh"><lang/>
            <w>tarpo-</w>
            <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">в топониме <mentioned xml:lang="txh"><w>Tarpo-dizos
                    </w><gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Talfestung</q></gloss></mentioned></note>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Dečev</author>. <title>Charakteristik der thrakishen
                  Sprache</title>. <pubPlace>София</pubPlace>, <date>1960</date>, <biblScope>стр.
                  149, 183</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. На иранской почве ср. еще
            <mentioned xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
            <w>tarma</w>
            <gloss><q>болото</q>, <q>трясина</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._EVP"/>
                <biblScope>83</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, если <w type="rec">tarpa</w> →
            <w type="rec">tarba</w> → <w>tarma</w>. Наличие слова именно в афганском естественно,
          если учесть, что и этот язык преемственно связан с сакским-скифским (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СЕИ"/>
            <biblScope>139 сл.</biblScope></bibl>). Не случайно и то, что значение
              <gloss><q>болото</q></gloss> сближает афганский именно с тохарским: тохары долгое
          время были ближайшими соседями среднеазиатских саков (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СЕИ"/>
            <biblScope>136—139</biblScope></bibl>). — Как чисто ландшафтный термин <oRef>tærf</oRef>
          не может сближаться с <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tarf"><w>tarf</w>
            <gloss><q>глубокий</q> (сон)</gloss>, <gloss><q>тяжелый</q>
          (больной)</gloss></ref>.</etym>
        <etym xml:lang="en">It goes back to the Scytho-European isogloss
            <?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20230209T134148+0300" comment="отмечаю как и.е., но не уверен"?><mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">tarpo-</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?>. This isogloss
          covers Slavic, Baltic, Tocharian and Thracian: <mentioned xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
            <w>trapъ</w>
            <gloss><q>pit</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
            <w>tárpas</w>
            <gloss><q>span</q>, <q>slit</q>, <q>cleft</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><w>tarpēklis</w>
            <gloss><q>hollow</q>, <q>trough</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xto"><lang/>
            <w>tarp</w>
            <gloss><q>swamp</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="txh"><lang/>
            <w>tarpo-</w>
            <note xml:lang="en" type="comment">in the toponym <mentioned xml:lang="txh"><w>Tarpo-dizos </w><gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Talfestung</q></gloss></mentioned></note>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Dečev</author>. <title>Charakteristik der thrakishen
                  Sprache</title>. <pubPlace>Sofia</pubPlace>, <date>1960</date>, <biblScope>pp.
                  149, 183</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. On Iranian basis cf. also
            <mentioned xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
            <w>tarma</w>
            <gloss><q>swamp</q>, <q>bog</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._EVP"/>
                <biblScope>83</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, if <w type="rec">tarpa</w> →
            <w type="rec">tarba</w> → <w>tarma</w>. The presence of the word in Afghani is natural,
          considering that this language is also historically related to the Saka-Scythian
              (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СЕИ"/>
            <biblScope>139 w.</biblScope></bibl>). It is also not accidental that the meaning
              <gloss><q>swamp</q></gloss> brings Afghani specifically closer to Tocharian: the
          Tocharians were for a long time the closest neighbors of the Central Asian Saks
              (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СЕИ"/>
            <biblScope>136—139</biblScope></bibl>). — As a purely landscape term <oRef>tærf</oRef>
          cannot converge with<ref type="xr" target="#entry_tarf"><w>tarf</w>
            <gloss><q>deep</q> (sleep)</gloss>, <gloss><q>heavy</q> (sick)</gloss></ref>.</etym>
      </entry>
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