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            <titleStmt>
                <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <w>ælæm</w></title>
            </titleStmt>
            <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
    Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
            <sourceDesc>
                <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
                        <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
                        <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
                        <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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            <entry xml:id="entry_ælæm" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="complete">
                <?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240205T122920+0300" comment="checked"?>
                <form xml:id="form_d936e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>ælæm</orth></form><?oxy_comment_end ?>
                <form xml:id="form_d936e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>ilæn</orth></form>
                <sense xml:id="sense_d936e72">
                    <def xml:lang="ru">обрядовый предмет, связанный с поминками, справляемыми в
                            <mentioned xml:lang="os"><gloss>праздник</gloss>
                            <w>komaxsæn</w> (<gloss>заговенье</gloss>)</mentioned>: <quote><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Родственники умершего изготовляют
                                    <oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">ilæn</oRef>, нечто вроде креста или
                                хоругви из скрещенных жердей, с нитями, на которые нанизываются
                                пряники, фрукты, грецкие орехи и конфеты. Родные покойника везут
                                    <oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">ilæn</oRef> на санях к его
                                могиле</q>
                            <note type="bibl">(<bibl>Вс. <author>Миллер</author>. <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ">ОЭ</ref>
                                    <biblScope>II 272</biblScope></bibl>)</note></quote>. Сходные
                        обычаи наблюдены и у других кавказских народов. Приводим для сравнения
                        мегрельский обряд, справляемый в Новый год: <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Хозяин дома делает <mentioned xml:lang="xmf"><w>čʼičʼilaki</w></mentioned>: берут короткую палку;
                            один конец палки расщепляют и в расщеп вставляют деревянный крест. Таким
                            образом приготовленное <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">чичилаки</q>
                            увешивают яблоками, конфетами, орехами, янтарем, шелком, серебряными
                            монетами… Утром хозяин, с <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">чичилаки</q>
                            в руках, обходит весь двор, произнося при этом положенные на сей случай
                            молитвы</q> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СМК"/>
                            <biblScope xml:lang="ru">XXXII 3 153 сл.</biblScope></bibl>)</def>
                    <def xml:lang="en">a ritual object associated with the commemoration of the
                        deceased carried out during the <mentioned xml:lang="os"><gloss>holiday</gloss>
                            <w>komaxsæn</w> (<gloss>the eve of the fast</gloss>)</mentioned>: <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Relatives of the deceased make <oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">ilæn</oRef>, something like a cross or banner,
                            from crossed poles, with threads on which they string gingerbread,
                            fruit, walnuts and sweets. Relatives of the deceased carry <oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">ilæn</oRef> on a sleigh to his or her
                            grave</q> (<bibl>Ws. <author>Miller</author>. <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ">OÈ</ref>
                            <biblScope>II 272</biblScope></bibl>). Similar traditions have also been
                        observed among other Caucasian peoples. For comparison consider the
                        following Mingrelian New Year tradition: <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">The master of the house makes a <mentioned xml:lang="xmf"><w>čʼičʼilaki</w></mentioned>: a short stick is taken; one end
                            of the stick is slit into two and a wooden cross is inserted into the
                            slit. The <foreign>chichilaki</foreign> prepared in this way is covered
                            with apples, candy, nuts, amber, silk, silver coins… In the morning the
                            master of the house, with <foreign>chichilaki</foreign> in his hands,
                            goes all around the house, pronouncing special prayers reserved for this
                            occasion.</q> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СМК"/>
                            <biblScope xml:lang="en">XXXII 3 153 f.</biblScope></bibl>)</def>
                </sense>
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                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d936e102">
                        <quote>wældaj kad ḱī kodta jæ mardæn, ūj īw aræzta dūǧtæ, qabaqqytæ,
                                <oRef>ælæmtæ</oRef></quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>кто особенно хотел почтить своего покойника, тот устраивал скачки,
                                стрельбу в цель, <oRef>ælæm</oRef>’ы”</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>one who especially wanted to honour his deceased used to arrange
                                races, shooting at the target, <oRef>ælæm</oRef>s</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
                            <biblScope>148</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                </abv:exampleGrp>
                <etym xml:lang="ru">Слово <oRef>ælæm</oRef> — арабского происхождения, известное и
                    другим кавказским народам; ср. <mentioned><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d936e191" xml:id="mentioned_d936e124" xml:lang="ar"><lang/>
                            <w>ʽalam</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d936e196" xml:id="mentioned_d936e129" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
                            <w>alam</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d936e201" xml:id="mentioned_d936e134" xml:lang="tr"><lang/>
                            <w>alem</w>
                        </mentioned><gloss><q>знак</q></gloss>,
                        <gloss><q>знамя</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d936e215" xml:id="mentioned_d936e148" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
                        <w>alami</w>
                        <gloss><q>знамя</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>флаг</q></gloss>,
                                <gloss><q>значок</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d936e236" xml:id="mentioned_d936e169" xml:lang="inh"><lang/>
                            <w>ælæm</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d936e241" xml:id="mentioned_d936e174" xml:lang="inh"><w>ælæm-beqhæ</w>
                        </mentioned><gloss><q>надмогильный шест с белым флагом, ставится над умершим
                                от ран</q></gloss></mentioned>. Начальное <w>i</w>, равно как
                    конечное <w>n</w> в дигорском не выходят за рамки обычных звуковых
                    закономерностей дигорского диалекта. Разновидностью той же основы является
                        <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d936e247" xml:id="mentioned_d936e180" xml:lang="ar"><lang/>
                        <w>ʽalāmat</w></mentioned>, также усвоенное в осетинский; см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_alæmæt"><w>alæmæt</w>
                        <gloss><q>чудо</q></gloss></ref>.</etym>
                <etym xml:lang="en">The word <w>ælæm</w> has Arabic origin and is known to other
                    peoples of Caucasus; cf. <mentioned><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d936e124" xml:id="mentioned_d936e191" xml:lang="ar"><lang/>
                            <w>ʽalam</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d936e129" xml:id="mentioned_d936e196" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
                            <w>alam</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d936e134" xml:id="mentioned_d936e201" xml:lang="tr"><lang/>
                            <w>alem</w>
                        </mentioned><gloss><q>sign</q></gloss>,
                        <gloss><q>banner</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d936e148" xml:id="mentioned_d936e215" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
                        <w>alami</w>
                        <gloss><q>banner</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>flag</q></gloss>,
                                <gloss><q>badge</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d936e169" xml:id="mentioned_d936e236" xml:lang="inh"><lang/>
                            <w>ælæm</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d936e174" xml:id="mentioned_d936e241" xml:lang="inh"><w>ælæm-beqhæ</w>
                        </mentioned><gloss><q>grave pole with a white flag, placed over a person who
                                died of wounds</q></gloss></mentioned>. The initial <c>i</c>,
                    likewise the final <c>n</c> in Digor do not go beyond the usual sound
                    regularities of the Digor dialect. A variant of the same stem is <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d936e180" xml:id="mentioned_d936e247" xml:lang="ar"><lang/>
                        <w>ʽalāmat</w></mentioned>, which was also adopted into Ossetic; see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_alæmæt"><w>alæmæt</w>
                        <gloss><q>miracle</q></gloss></ref>.</etym>
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