<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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      <titleStmt>
        <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ᵆlx˳yj</hi></title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
    Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
            <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
            <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
      </sourceDesc>
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        <rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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    <body>
      <entry xml:id="entry_7lx0yj" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
        <form xml:id="form_d2154e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>ᵆlx˳yj</orth><form xml:id="form_d2154e68" type="variant"><orth>ᵆlxwi</orth></form></form>
        <form xml:id="form_d2154e71" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>ælxujnæ</orth></form>
        <sense xml:id="sense_d2154e74"><sense xml:id="sense_d2154e75"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>веретено</q>
            </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>spindle</q>
            </abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d2154e84"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>стержень веретена, на который наматывается нить</q>
            </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>axle of the spindle, on which thread is wound</q>
            </abv:tr></sense></sense>
        <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wædært"><w>wædært</w>
            <gloss><q>веретенное кольцо</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>прясло</q></gloss></ref></note>
        <note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wædært"><w>wædært</w>
            <gloss><q>spindle ring</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>whorl</q></gloss></ref></note>
        <exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d2154e117">
          <example xml:id="example_d2154e119">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ḱyzg je
                ‘<oRef>lx˳y<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20220525T102329+0300" comment="sic!"?>i<?oxy_comment_end ?></oRef>
              æmæ jæ wædærttytæ nyppærsta</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">девушка бросила вниз свое веретено и веретенные
                кольца</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the girl threw down her spindle and spindle
                rings</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Munk."/>
              <biblScope>16</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d2154e148">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">avd xojy se ‘<oRef>lx˳yjtæ</oRef> rajstoj,
              ælvīsīnag</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">семь сестер взяли свои веретена (и) материал на
                пряжу</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the seven sisters took their spindles (and)
                spinning material</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Niger"/>
              <biblScope>94</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d2154e173">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">wæjg˳yty xo… wædærtt æmæ <oRef>ælx˳yj</oRef>
              rajsta… æmæ jæm nyvnældta ælx˳yjy byrynkʼæj, jæ dywwæ ony xsæn yn æj ærtʼysta, sīsta
              jæ jæxīmæ</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">сестра великанов взяла прясло и веретено…
                поддела его сверху вниз кончиком веретена, воткнула ему его между двух лопаток,
                подняла к себе</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the sister of the giants took the whorl and the
                spindle…
                <?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20220525T113458+0300" comment="&quot;поддела&quot;"?>took
                at him<?oxy_comment_end ?> with the end of the spindle, inserted it between his two
                shoulder-blades, lifted him up to her</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
              <biblScope>III 12</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d2154e202" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ci kænuj cuma me <oRef>‘lxujnæ</oRef>, ku
              næbal zeluj ʒæbæx?</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">что стало с моим веретеном, оно больше не
                вертится хорошо?</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I wonder what became with my spindle, when it
                doesn’t spin well anymore?</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
              <biblScope>10</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d2154e230" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">je <oRef>‘lxujnæ</oRef> zeluj</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ее веретено вертится</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">her spindle spins</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Æduli"/>
              <biblScope>76</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d2154e259" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">cumæj kond ælxujnæ</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">веретено, сделанное из кизилового дерева</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a spindle made from cornel tree</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Sam."/>
              <biblScope>70</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
        </exampleGrp>
        <etym xml:lang="ru">Допуская, что начальное <c>lx-</c> восходит здесь, как в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7lxyncʼ"/>, к <c>gr-</c>, <bibl><author>Bailey</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._Asica">Asica</ref>
            <biblScope>36</biblScope>)</bibl> возводил к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2154e565" xml:id="mentioned_d2154e303" xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">grab-na-</w></mentioned> от <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2154e570" xml:id="mentioned_d2154e308" xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">grab-</w>
            <gloss><q>хватать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>держать</q></gloss> (<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">часть веретена, за которую держат при наматывании
                нити</q></gloss>)</mentioned>. Звуковое развитие: <w type="rec">grabna-</w> → <w type="rec">gravna-</w> → <w type="rec">grauna-</w> → <w type="rec">lxun-</w>; ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_k0ynæg"/> из <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2154e600" xml:id="mentioned_d2154e338" xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">kabnaka-</w></mentioned>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tyn_1"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tyn_2"/> из <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2154e608" xml:id="mentioned_d2154e346" xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">tafna-</w></mentioned>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fyn"/> из <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2154e614" xml:id="mentioned_d2154e352" xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">hvafna-</w></mentioned> и др. Смущает, однако, то, что во
          всех других случаях глагол <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2154e619" xml:id="mentioned_d2154e357" xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">grab-</w></mentioned>
          отразился в осетинском с <c>rǧ-</c>, <c>lǧ-</c>, а не <c>lx-</c>: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7rǧævyn"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7lǧīvyn"/>,
            <?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20220525T104909+0300" comment="нет в словаре"?><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2154e635" xml:id="mentioned_d2154e373" xml:lang="os"><w>irǧævyn</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_arǧævnæ"/>. Приходится считаться также с <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2154e641" xml:id="mentioned_d2154e379" xml:lang="xco"><lang/>
            <w>ʼlx</w>
            <gloss><q>кончик веретена</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Henning._Khwar."/>
                <biblScope>16</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Benveniste._Etudes"/>
                <biblScope>126</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, если это слово не сближается
          с <ref type="xr" target="#entry_alǧ" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
            <w>alǧ</w>
            <gloss><q>кончик</q></gloss></ref>. В статье <bibl><title><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Arya III</q></title> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOAS"/>
            <biblScope>1961 XXIV 472, прим. 9</biblScope>) <author>Bailey</author></bibl>
          восстанавливает базу <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2154e682" xml:id="mentioned_d2154e420" xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">alek-</w></mentioned>,
            <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2154e686" xml:id="mentioned_d2154e424" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">alakh</w></mentioned>, привлекая сюда же <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2154e692" xml:id="mentioned_d2154e430" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
            <w>ἠλακάτη</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2154e697" xml:id="mentioned_d2154e435" xml:lang="grc-x-doric"><lang/>
            <w>ἀλακάτα</w>
            <gloss><q>прялка</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>веретено</q></gloss></mentioned>. С <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2154e708" xml:id="mentioned_d2154e446" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
            <w>ἠλακάτη</w></mentioned>
          <bibl><author>Lidén</author> (<title>Armenische Studien</title>.
              <pubPlace>Göteborg</pubPlace>, <date>1906</date>, <biblScope>стр.
            130—131</biblScope>)</bibl> сближал <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2154e726" xml:id="mentioned_d2154e464" xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
            <w>il</w>, <w>ilikʼ</w>
            <gloss><q>веретено</q></gloss></mentioned>. Имеем, стало быть, ряд: ос.
            <oRef>ælxun-</oRef> (<c>j</c> возникает вторично перед сонантом) из
              <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d2154e478"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2154e741" xml:id="mentioned_d2154e479" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">alaxuna-</w></mentioned>,
              <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2154e745" xml:id="mentioned_d2154e483" xml:lang="xco"><lang/>
              <w type="rec">alax</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2154e692" xml:id="mentioned_d2154e489" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
              <w>ἠλακάτη</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2154e726" xml:id="mentioned_d2154e494" xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
              <w>il</w>, <w>ilikʼ</w></mentioned>
            <gloss><q>веретено</q></gloss></mentioned>. — В любом случае не возникает сомнений, что
          ос. <oRef>ᵆlx˳yj</oRef> | <w xml:lang="os-x-digor">ælxojnæ</w>, как и другие термины
          обработки шерсти, относится к древнейшему слою языка. См. под <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ælvīsyn"><w>ælvīsyn</w>
            <gloss><q>прясть</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wædært">wædært
                <gloss><q>прясло</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wafyn"><w>wafyn</w>
            <gloss><q>ткать</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_nyvændyn"><w>nyvændyn</w>
            <gloss><q>мотать пряжу</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fæsm"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fīst"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_q0yn"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">q˳yn</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">ǧun</w>
            <gloss><q>шерсть</q></gloss></ref>.</etym>
        <etym xml:lang="en">Allowing for initial <c>lx-</c> here to go back to <c>gr-</c>, as in
            <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7lxyncʼ"/>, <bibl><author>Bailey</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._Asica">Asica</ref>
            <biblScope>36</biblScope>)</bibl> reconstructed this word as <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2154e303" xml:id="mentioned_d2154e565" xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">grab-na-</w></mentioned> from <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2154e308" xml:id="mentioned_d2154e570" xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">grab-</w>
            <gloss><q>grab</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>hold</q></gloss> (<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">part of spindle which is held when winding
              thread</q></gloss>)</mentioned>. The supposed phonetic development is: <w type="rec">grabna-</w> → <w type="rec">gravna-</w> → <w type="rec">grauna-</w> → <w type="rec">lxun-</w>; cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_k0ynæg"/> from <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2154e338" xml:id="mentioned_d2154e600" xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">kabnaka-</w></mentioned>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tyn_1"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tyn_2"/> from <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2154e346" xml:id="mentioned_d2154e608" xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">tafna-</w></mentioned>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fyn"/> from <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2154e352" xml:id="mentioned_d2154e614" xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">hvafna-</w></mentioned> etc. This is doubtful, however,
          because in all other cases the verb <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2154e357" xml:id="mentioned_d2154e619" xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">grab-</w></mentioned> is reflected in Ossetic with <c>rǧ-</c>, <c>lǧ-</c>, and not
            <c>lx-</c>: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7rǧævyn"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7lǧīvyn"/>,
            <?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20220525T104909+0300" comment="нет в словаре"?><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2154e373" xml:id="mentioned_d2154e635" xml:lang="os"><w>irǧævyn</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_arǧævnæ"/>. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2154e379" xml:id="mentioned_d2154e641" xml:lang="xco"><lang/>
            <w>ʼlx</w>
            <gloss><q>end of spindle</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Henning._Khwar."/>
                <biblScope>16</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Benveniste._Etudes"/>
                <biblScope>126</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned> should also be taken into
          account, if it is not related to <ref type="xr" target="#entry_alǧ" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
            <w>alǧ</w>
            <gloss><q>tip, point</q></gloss></ref>. In the article <bibl><title><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Arya III</q></title> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOAS"/>
            <biblScope>1961 XXIV 472, fn. 9</biblScope>) <author>Bailey</author></bibl> reconstructs
          the stem <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2154e420" xml:id="mentioned_d2154e682" xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">alek-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2154e424" xml:id="mentioned_d2154e686" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">alakh</w></mentioned>, citing also <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2154e430" xml:id="mentioned_d2154e692" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
            <w>ἠλακάτη</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2154e435" xml:id="mentioned_d2154e697" xml:lang="grc-x-doric"><lang/>
            <w>ἀλακάτα</w>
            <gloss><q>distaff</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>spindle</q></gloss></mentioned>. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2154e446" xml:id="mentioned_d2154e708" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
            <w>ἠλακάτη</w></mentioned> was connected by <bibl><author>Lidén</author>
              (<title>Armenische Studien</title>. <pubPlace>Göteborg</pubPlace>, <date>1906</date>,
              <biblScope>pp. 130—131</biblScope>)</bibl> with <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2154e464" xml:id="mentioned_d2154e726" xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
            <w>il</w>, <w>ilikʼ</w>
            <gloss><q>spindle</q></gloss></mentioned>. Hence we have the following sequence: Ossetic
            <oRef>ælxun-</oRef> (<c>j</c> secondarily develops before the sonorant) from
              <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d2154e740"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2154e479" xml:id="mentioned_d2154e741" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">alaxuna-</w></mentioned>,
              <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2154e483" xml:id="mentioned_d2154e745" xml:lang="xco"><lang/>
              <w type="rec">alax</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2154e430" xml:id="mentioned_d2154e751" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
              <w>ἠλακάτη</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2154e464" xml:id="mentioned_d2154e756" xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
              <w>il</w>, <w>ilikʼ</w></mentioned>
            <gloss><q>spindle</q></gloss></mentioned>. — In any case it is doubtless that Ossetic
            <oRef>ᵆlx˳yj</oRef> | <w xml:lang="os-x-digor">ælxojnæ</w>, just as other wool
          processing terms, is part of the oldest layer of the lexicon. See under <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ælvīsyn"><w>ælvīsyn</w>
            <gloss><q>spin</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wædært"><w>wædært</w>
            <gloss><q>whorl</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wafyn"><w>wafyn</w>
            <gloss><q>weave</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_nyvændyn"><w>nyvændyn</w>
            <gloss><q>wind yarn</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fæsm"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fīst"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_q0yn"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">q˳yn</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">ǧun</w>
            <gloss><q>wool</q></gloss></ref>.</etym>
      </entry>
    </body>
  </text>
</TEI>