<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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      <titleStmt>
        <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">tʼyssyn</hi></title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
        Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
          <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
          <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
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        <rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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    <body>
      <entry xml:id="entry_tʼyssyn" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
        <form xml:id="form_d5579e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>tʼyssyn</orth><form type="participle"><orth>tʼyst</orth></form></form>
        <form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>tʼunsun</orth><form type="participle"><orth>tʼunst</orth></form></form>
        <sense>
          <sense xml:id="sense_d5579e69">
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>совать</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>shove</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
          <sense>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>втыкать</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>stick</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
          <sense>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>вдевать</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>thread</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
          <sense>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>впихивать</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>cram</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
          <sense>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>запихивать</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
        </sense>
        <re>
          <form type="lemma"><orth>tʼyssæntæ kænyn</orth></form>
          <sense>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">рассовывать, прятать по разным местам вещи,
                продукты</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">shove, hide things, products in different
                places</q>
            </tr>
            <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (обычно о скаредной женщине)</note>
            <note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (usually about a stingy woman)</note>
          </sense>
        </re>
        <re xml:lang="os-x-digor">
          <form type="lemma"><lang/><orth>tʼunsgæ-nængæ</orth></form>
          <sense>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">битком набитый</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><?oxy_comment_start author="irina" timestamp="20230313T205233+0300" comment="так  ок?"?>crowded<?oxy_comment_end ?></q>
            </tr>
          </sense>
        </re>
        <exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">xūdtæ sæ rætty <oRef>tʼyst</oRef></quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">шапки у них засунуты за пояса</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">their hats are tucked into their belts</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
              <biblScope>77</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dæ fæḱḱītæ dæ rony <oRef>tʼyst</oRef>
              sty</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">твои полы засунуты за пояс</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">your
                <?oxy_comment_start author="irina" timestamp="20230313T205315+0300" comment="?? дурацкие полы"?>flaps<?oxy_comment_end ?>
                are tucked into your belt</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
              <biblScope>1967 VIII 43</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">faǵysy <oRef>nytʼtʼystoj</oRef> læʒæg</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">в навоз они воткнули палку</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">they stuck a stick in the manure</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭп."/>
              <biblScope>19</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">x˳y je ʽssyrtæ zæxxy
              <oRef>nytʼtʼysta</oRef></quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">кабан воткнул свои клыки в землю</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the boar stuck its fangs into the ground</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАА"/>
              <biblScope>II 197</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æfsæn mæcʼīs syrx zyng yskænūt æmæ jyn æj jæ
              zævæty <oRef>ystʼyssūt</oRef></quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">железный лом накалите докрасна и воткните ему в
                пятку</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">heat a crowbar red hot and stick it in his
                heel</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
              <biblScope>I 106</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">jæ ʒyxy jyn kʼærmæg
              <oRef>nytʼtʼystoj</oRef></quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">в рот ему засунули кляп</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a gag was put in his mouth</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><?oxy_comment_start author="irina" timestamp="20220919T160807+0300" comment="это нужный? в абаеве кириллицей" id="jt4_m3z_rwb"?><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20230305T020927+0300" parentID="jt4_m3z_rwb" comment="Видимо, та же книга, потому что он не добавлял во 2 и 3 тт. В идеале, конечно, надо сверить страницы" mid="3"?><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Arsen"/><?oxy_comment_end ?><?oxy_comment_end mid="3"?>
              <biblScope>18</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">jæ kʼæxtæ fælmæn ʒabyrty
              <oRef>atʼysta</oRef></quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">он сунул ноги в мягкие туфли</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he put his feet in soft shoes</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
              <biblScope>1975 II 25</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dæ kʼax æǧdæncojy cal xatty
                <oRef>atʼystaj</oRef>?</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">сколько раз ты вдел ногу в стремя?</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">how many times did you put your foot in the
                stirrup?</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/>
              <biblScope>16</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">cytæ <oRef>tʼyssys</oRef> ūcy
              xorʒenty?</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">что ты запихиваешь в эти хурджины?</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">what are you stuffing into these
                saddlebags?</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/>
              <biblScope>109</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">galy mardæj myn mæ ʒyxy
              <oRef>atʼyss</oRef></quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(кусок) из туши быка сунь мне в рот</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">put (a piece) of bull carcass in my mouth</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Munk."/>
              <biblScope><?oxy_comment_start author="irina" timestamp="20220919T161129+0300" comment="134? плохо видно" id="qgk_n3z_rwb"?><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20230305T020942+0300" parentID="qgk_n3z_rwb" comment="непонятно" mid="5"?>134<?oxy_comment_end mid="5"?><?oxy_comment_end ?></biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æxca jæ ʒyppy atʼysta</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">он сунул деньги в карман</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he put the money in his pocket</q>
            </tr>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">qædavæ, zældagæ æma ænæoj qumacæj stur kiri
                <oRef>tʼunsgæ-nængæj</oRef> bajʒag kodta</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">бархатом, шелком и другими тканями она битком
                набила большой сундук</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">she stuffed a large chest with velvet, silk and
                other fabrics</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
              <biblScope>1949 II 47</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
        </exampleGrp>
        <etym xml:lang="ru">Возводится к <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">tund-s-</w></mentioned>. Ср. <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <w>tud-</w>, <w>tudati</w>, <w>tundate</w>
            <gloss><q>ударять</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>пронзать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>ni-tud-</w>
            <gloss><q>вталкивать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>вонзать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
            <w>tundo</w>
            <gloss><q>ударять</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>толочь</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="la"><w>tunsus</w>
            <gloss><q>толченый</q></gloss></mentioned>. Смычно-гортанный <c>tʼ</c> вызван к жизни
          представлением о физическом усилии, как в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_rætʼūzyn"><w>rætʼūzyn</w>
            <gloss><q>пронзать</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kʼært6t9"><phr>kʼært
              kænyn</phr>
            <gloss><q>вспарывать</q></gloss></ref> и др. (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
            <biblScope>522</biblScope></bibl>). По <bibl><author>Bailey</author></bibl>,
            <oRef>tʼyssyn</oRef> вместе с <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tynʒyn_1"><w>tynʒyn</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tuzmun"/>
          <gloss><q>спешить</q></gloss> заключает индоевропейскую базу <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">(s)teu-</w>
            <gloss><q>толкать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>тыкать</q></gloss></mentioned>. В этом случае с
          наращением <c>-k-</c> (<mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">teuk-</w></mentioned>) ср.
            <mentioned xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
            <w>tykati</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
            <w>тыкать</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="bg"><lang/>
            <w>тикам</w>
            <gloss><q>пихаю</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>втыкаю</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="hsb"><lang/>
            <w>tykać</w>
            <gloss><q>совать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>тыкать</q></gloss></mentioned>. С начальным
            <c>s-</c>
          <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="got"><lang/>
              <w>stautan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
              <w>stossen</w></mentioned>
            <gloss><q>ударять</q></gloss></mentioned>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller_IF_21"/>, <biblScope>стр. 331</biblScope></bibl>. —
              <bibl><author>Bailey</author>, <title>Adyar Library Bulletin</title>
            <biblScope>XXV 5</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
        <etym xml:lang="en">Goes back to <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">tund-s-</w></mentioned>. Cf. <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <w>tud-</w>, <w>tudati</w>, <w>tundate</w>
            <gloss><q>hit</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>pierce</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>ni-tud-</w>
            <gloss><q>push in</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>stab</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
            <w>tundo</w>
            <gloss><q>hit</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>crush</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="la"><w>tunsus</w>
            <gloss><q>pounded</q></gloss></mentioned>. <?oxy_comment_start author="irina" timestamp="20230313T210443+0300" comment="наверно не так?.."?>Stop-laryngeal<?oxy_comment_end ?>
          <c>tʼ</c> brought to life by the idea of physical effort, as in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_rætʼūzyn"><w>rætʼūzyn</w>
            <gloss><q>pierce</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kʼært6t9"><phr>kʼært
              kænyn</phr>
            <gloss><q>rip open</q></gloss></ref> etc. (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
            <biblScope>522</biblScope></bibl>). According to <bibl><author>Bailey</author></bibl>,
            <oRef>tʼyssyn</oRef> together with <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tynʒyn_1"><w>tynʒyn</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tuzmun"/>
          <gloss><q>hurry</q></gloss> has the Indo-European base <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">(s)teu-</w>
            <gloss><q>push</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>poke</q></gloss></mentioned>. In this case with
            <c>-k-</c>-augmentation (<mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">teuk-</w></mentioned>)
          cf. <mentioned xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
            <w>tykati</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
            <w>tykat'</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="bg"><lang/>
            <w><?oxy_comment_start author="irina" timestamp="20230320T001347+0300" comment="это тоже транслит? тикам"?>tikam<?oxy_comment_end ?></w>
            <gloss><q>I shove</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>I stick</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="hsb"><lang/>
            <w>tykać</w>
            <gloss><q>poke</q></gloss></mentioned>. With the initial <c>s-</c> see
              <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="got"><lang/>
              <w>stautan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
              <w>stossen</w></mentioned>
            <gloss><q>hit</q></gloss></mentioned>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller_IF_21"/>, <biblScope>p. 331</biblScope></bibl>. —
              <bibl><author>Bailey</author>, <title>Adyar Library Bulletin</title>
            <biblScope>XXV 5</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
      </entry>
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