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            <titleStmt>
                <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ar</hi></title>
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            <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
    Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
            <sourceDesc>
                <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
                        <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
                        <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
                        <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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            <entry xml:id="entry_ar" xml:lang="os-x-digor" abv:completeness="english-questions">
                <?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20231227T144849+0300" comment="checked"?>
                <form xml:id="form_d3485e66" type="lemma"><orth>ar</orth>
                    <form xml:id="form_d3485e68" type="variant"><orth>aræ</orth></form></form><?oxy_comment_end ?>
                <usg><lang/></usg>
                <sense xml:id="sense_d3485e74">
                    <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                        <q>оглобля</q>
                    </abv:tr>
                    <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                        <q>thill, shaft</q>
                    </abv:tr>
                </sense>
                <note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">; ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_rætænaǧd" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><lang/>
                        <w>rætænaǧd</w></ref></note>
                <note type="comment" xml:lang="en">; cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_rætænaǧd" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><lang/>
                        <w>rætænaǧd</w></ref></note>
                <abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d3485e84">
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d3485e86">
                        <quote>sæ kinʒʒon wærdun
                            <?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20231227T143346+0300" comment="NB: никакого показателя комитатива"?>ævzestæ
                                <oRef>aræ</oRef><?oxy_comment_end ?></quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>у них колесница невесты c серебряными оглоблями</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>their bridal chariot with silver shafts</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭп."/>
                            <biblScope>62<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">346</hi></biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d3485e105">
                        <quote>Toturi kond je ’fsoj, Toturi kond æ <oRef>ar</oRef></quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>в день (божества) Тотур сделано ее (сохи) ярмо, в день Тотур сделано
                                дышло</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>on the day of (the deity) Totur, its (plough’s) yoke is made, on the
                                day of Totur, its
                                <?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20231227T144512+0300" comment="дышло"?>shaft<?oxy_comment_end ?>
                                was made</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
                            <biblScope>II 143</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                </abv:exampleGrp>
                <etym xml:lang="ru">Из <ref type="xr" target="#entry_arm"><w>arm</w>
                        <gloss><q>рука</q></gloss></ref>. Для отпадения конечного <m>m</m> в
                    дигорском ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qarm" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><w>ǧar</w>
                        <note type="comment">(из <w>ǧarm</w>)</note>
                        <gloss><q>теплый</q></gloss></ref> ,
                        <?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20231227T143621+0300" comment="в самом слове carm нет ничего о варианте car; само слово car означает &quot;потолок&quot; и имеет иное происхождение"?><ref type="xr" target="#entry_carm"><w>car</w>
                        <note type="comment">(из <w>carm</w>)</note>
                        <gloss><q>шкура</q></gloss></ref><?oxy_comment_end ?> и др. (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
                        <biblScope>379</biblScope></bibl>). Значение <gloss><q>оглобля</q></gloss>
                    для <ref type="xr" target="#entry_arm"><w>ar(m)</w></ref>, наряду с основным
                    значением <gloss><q>рука</q></gloss>, подтверждается также терминами <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ardwan"><w>ardwan</w>
                        <note type="comment">(из <w>ar-dawæn</w>)</note>
                        <gloss><q>рашпиль</q></gloss></ref>, буквально <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">то, чем шлифуют оглоблю</q></gloss>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærmbos"><w>ærmbos</w>
                        <gloss><q>гужовка</q></gloss></ref>, буквально <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">перевязь оглобли</q></gloss>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_artʼæng"><w>artʼæng</w>
                        <gloss><q>ременная веревка у саней</q></gloss></ref>. Перенос анатомических
                    названий на орудия производства, средства передвижения и пр. обычен: ср.
                        <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3485e209" xml:id="mentioned_d3485e144" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
                        <w>ручка</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3485e223" xml:id="mentioned_d3485e149" xml:lang="ru"><w>ножка</w></mentioned>,
                        <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3485e236" xml:id="mentioned_d3485e152" xml:lang="ru"><w>крыло</w></mentioned> и т. п. В частности, для семантики
                            <gloss><q>рука</q></gloss> → <gloss><q>оглобля</q></gloss> ср.
                        <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3485e242" xml:id="mentioned_d3485e155" xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
                        <w>armaī</w>
                        <gloss><q>оглобля</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3485e250" xml:id="mentioned_d3485e164" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
                        <w>xelna</w>
                        <gloss><q>оглобля</q></gloss></mentioned> от <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3485e258" xml:id="mentioned_d3485e172" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
                        <w>xeli</w>
                        <gloss><q>рука</q></gloss></mentioned>. Основные названия средств
                    передвижения и упряжи относятся в осетинском к иранскому фонду, см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wærdon"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_calx"/>,
                        <ref type="xr" target="#entry_rætænaǧd"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_widon"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7fsonʒ"/>. См. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_arm"/>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
                        <biblScope>54, 119, 362</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
                <etym xml:lang="en">From <ref type="xr" target="#entry_arm"><w>arm</w>
                        <gloss><q>hand</q></gloss></ref>. For the drop of the final <c>m</c> in
                    Digor, cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qarm" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><w>ǧar</w>
                        <note type="comment">(from <w>ǧarm</w>)</note>
                        <gloss><q>warm</q></gloss></ref>,
                        <?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20231227T143621+0300" comment="the entry for carm says nothing of the variant car; the word car also exists but means &quot;ceiling&quot; and has a different origin"?><ref type="xr" target="#entry_carm"><w>car</w>
                        <note type="comment">(from <w>carm</w>)</note>
                        <gloss><q>skin</q></gloss></ref><?oxy_comment_end ?> etc. (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
                        <biblScope>379</biblScope></bibl>). The existence of the meaning
                            <gloss><q>shaft</q></gloss> for <ref type="xr" target="#entry_arm"><w>ar(m)</w></ref> in addition to the main meaning
                        <gloss><q>hand</q></gloss> is confirmed by such terms as <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ardwan"><w>ardwan</w>
                        <note type="comment">(from <w>ar-dawæn</w>)</note>
                        <gloss><q>rasp</q></gloss></ref>, literally <gloss><q>that which is used to
                            file the shaft</q></gloss>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærmbos"><w>ærmbos</w>
                        <gloss><q>tug</q></gloss></ref>, literally <gloss><q>shaft belt</q></gloss>,
                        <ref type="xr" target="#entry_artʼæng"><w>artʼæng</w>
                        <gloss><q>belt rope of a sled</q></gloss></ref>. The transfer of anatomical
                    terms to tools, vehicles, etc. is common: cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3485e144" xml:id="mentioned_d3485e209" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
                        <w>ručka</w>
                        <gloss><q>handle</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3485e149" xml:id="mentioned_d3485e223" xml:lang="ru"><w>nožka</w>
                        <gloss><q>(furniture) leg</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3485e152" xml:id="mentioned_d3485e236" xml:lang="ru"><w>krylo</w>
                        <gloss><q>wing</q></gloss></mentioned> etc. For the semantic shift
                            <gloss><q>hand</q></gloss> → <gloss><q>thill</q></gloss> in particular,
                    cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3485e155" xml:id="mentioned_d3485e242" xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
                        <w>armaī</w>
                        <gloss><q>thill, shaft</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3485e164" xml:id="mentioned_d3485e250" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
                        <w>xelna</w>
                        <gloss><q>thill</q></gloss></mentioned> from <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3485e172" xml:id="mentioned_d3485e258" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
                        <w>xeli</w>
                        <gloss><q>hand</q></gloss></mentioned>. The main names of vehicles and
                    harnesses in Ossetic belong to the Iranian lexical layer, see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wærdon"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_calx"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_rætænaǧd"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_widon"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7fsonʒ"><w>fsonʒ</w></ref>. See <ref type="xr" target="#entry_arm"/>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
                        <biblScope>54, 119, 362</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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