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    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">x˳ym</hi></title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
    Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
            <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
            <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
      </sourceDesc>
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        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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    <body>
      <entry xml:id="entry_x0ym" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
        <form xml:id="form_d4571e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>x˳ym</orth></form>
        <form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>xumæ</orth></form>
        <sense>
          <sense xml:id="sense_d4571e69">
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>возделанное поле</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>field in cultivation</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
          <sense>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>пашня</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>tillage</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
          <sense>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>нива</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>field</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
        </sense>
        <re>
          <form type="lemma"><orth>x˳ym kænyn</orth></form>
          <sense>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">пахать</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">plough</q>
            </tr>
          </sense>
        </re>
        <re>
          <form type="lemma"><orth>x˳ymgænæn</orth></form>
          <sense>
            <sense>
              <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
                <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">пахота</q>
              </tr>
              <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
                <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">tillage</q>
              </tr>
            </sense>
            <sense>
              <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                <q>время пахоты</q>
              </abv:tr>
              <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                <q>plowing time</q>
              </abv:tr>
            </sense>
          </sense>
        </re>
        <re>
          <form type="lemma"><orth>x˳ymgænd</orth></form>
          <sense>
            <sense>
              <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
                <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">вспаханная земля</q>
              </tr>
              <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
                <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">plowed land</q>
              </tr>
            </sense>
            <sense>
              <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                <q>пашня</q>
              </abv:tr>
              <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                <q>tillage</q>
              </abv:tr>
            </sense>
          </sense>
        </re>
        <re>
          <form type="lemma"><orth>x˳ym kærdyn’</orth></form>
          <sense>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">жать</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">harvest (v.)</q>
            </tr>
          </sense>
        </re>
        <re>
          <form type="lemma"><orth>x˳ymgærdæn</orth></form>
          <sense>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">жатва</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">harvest (n.)</q>
            </tr>
          </sense>
        </re>
        <re>
          <form type="lemma"><orth>x˳ymon</orth></form>
          <sense>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">пахарь</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">plougher</q>
            </tr>
          </sense>
        </re>
        <re>
          <form type="lemma"><orth>x˳ymzæxx</orth></form>
          <sense>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">пахотная земля</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">cropland</q>
            </tr>
          </sense>
        </re>
        <re xml:lang="os-x-digor">
          <form type="lemma"><usg><lang/></usg><orth>xumidajæn</orth></form>
          <sense>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">праздник начала весенних полевых работ</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">celebration of the beginning of spring field
                work</q>
            </tr>
          </sense>
        </re>
        <exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">acydtæn zad <oRef>x˳ymtyl</oRef></quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">я пошел по уродившимся нивам</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I went through the nasty fields</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
              <biblScope>96</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Qazara <oRef/> kærdynmæ wydīs</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Казара был на жатве</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Qazara was in the harvest</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
              <biblScope>35</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">fæzzæg ærcydī, <oRef>x˳ymtæ</oRef>
              ærkarstoj</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">настала осень, поля скосили</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">autumn has come, the fields have been mowed</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
              <biblScope>58</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">bakodtoj īw x˳ymtæ, ‘mæ syn īw bon cʼæx
              kodtoj, æxsæv — kærdīnag</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">засевали они, бывало, пашни, и днем они у них
                зеленели, (а) ночью (созревали) к жатве</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">they used to sow arable land, and during the
                day they turned green with them, (and) at night they ripened for harvest</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭп."/>
              <biblScope>53</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">īwmæ... <oRef>bax˳ym</oRef> kænæm</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">вместе вспашем</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">let’s plow together</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАА"/>
              <biblScope>II 178</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">xærægæj <oRef/> bakænʒysty</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">они осла впрягут в пахоту (они способны на
                всякое насилие, бесчинство)</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">they will harness the donkey to plowing (they
                are capable of any violence, outrage)</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Нафи"/>
              <biblScope>83</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">darǧawæʒ <oRef>x˳ymtæ</oRef> bakodtoj</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">вспахали поле длинными бороздами</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">plowed the field with long furrows</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Зар."/>
              <biblScope>12</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef/> kænyn, xos kærdyn, sūg lasyn æmæ
              balcy cæwyny jedtæmæ īnnæ k˳ystytæ xawdtoj sylgojmaǵy ækkojmæ</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">кроме пахоты, сенокошения, привоза дров и
                поездок, все (другие) работы ложились на плечи женщины</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">except for plowing, mowing, bringing firewood
                and traveling, all (other) work fell on the shoulders of a woman</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
              <biblScope>1962 VII 67</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">fæcæjcyd Jeso xortyd
              <oRef>x˳ymtyl</oRef></quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">проходил Иисус засеянными полями</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">At that time Jesus went (on the sabbath day)
                through the corn</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Матфей"/>
              <biblScope><hi rendition="#rend_italic">12</hi> 1</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>x˳ymtæ</oRef> yskærdīnag sty</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">нивы... поспели к жатве</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">fields... are white already to harvest.</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Иоанн"/>
              <biblScope><hi rendition="#rend_italic">4</hi> 35</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">xortawæg æmæ <oRef>x˳ymgærdæg</oRef> īwmæ cīn
              kænʒysty</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">сеющий и жнущий вместе радоваться будут</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">both he that soweth and he that reapeth may
                rejoice together.</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Иоанн"/>
              <biblScope><hi rendition="#rend_italic">4</hi> 36</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">cættæ kænuj <oRef>xumæmæ</oRef> alkedær æ
              ʒubur</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">налаживает каждый к пахоте (<q>пашне</q>) свою
                соху</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">each one sets up his own plow for plowing
                  (<q>arable land</q>)</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
              <biblScope>20</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">nur ba imæ ewnæg tikis, ewnæg xæræg æmæ
                <oRef>xumi</oRef> gæppælæj ændær necibal adtæj</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">теперь у него не было ничего, кроме одного
                кота, одного осла и клочка пашни</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">now he had nothing but one cat, one donkey and
                a piece of arable land</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
              <biblScope>127</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">fætæn <oRef>xumæ</oRef> kænʒinan</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">мы вспашем широкую пашню</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">we plow a wide arable land</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_DZ"/>
              <biblScope>81</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Qara Aslanbeg... bæxtæ rawaǧta igwærdænti ma
                <oRef>xunti</oRef> wæǧdæj</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Кара Асланбег пустил коней ва луга и нивы на
                волю</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Kara Aslanbeg set the horses free in the
                meadows and fields</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
              <biblScope>2</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>x˳ymgænæn</oRef> sæ wælqūs
              ærbalæwwyd</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">время пахоты подошло вплотную</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">plowing time has come close</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
              <biblScope>173</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">næ ʒyllæjy zærdæ — mæ x˳ymgændy xaj</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">сердце нашего народа — вот моя пашня</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the heart of our people is my arable land</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
              <biblScope>15</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
        </exampleGrp>
        <etym xml:lang="ru">Земледельческие термины осетин почти сплошь идут из европейских языков:
            <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7fsonʒ"><w>fsonʒ</w>
            <gloss><q>ярмо</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_stīvʒ"><w>stīvʒ</w>
            <gloss><q>часть ярма</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ʒyvyr"><w>ʒyvyr</w>
            <gloss><q>соха</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cæd"><w>cæd</w>
            <gloss><q>пара быков в упряжке при пахоте</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_adæg"><w>adæg</w>
            <gloss><q>борона</q></gloss></ref> (из <w type="rec">agæd</w>, ср. <mentioned xml:lang="cy-x-cymr"><lang/>
            <w>oged</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="goh"><lang/>
            <w>egida</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="prg"><lang/>
            <w>aketes</w></mentioned> и пр.), <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7fsīr"><w>fsīr</w>
            <gloss><q>колос</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7xsyrf"><w>xsyrf</w>
            <gloss><q>серп</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tillæg"><w>tillæg</w>
            <gloss><q>урожай</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fæxt"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">fæxt</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">fæstæ</w>
            <gloss><q>ступа</q></gloss></ref> (см.: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СЕИ"/>
            <biblScope>142—143</biblScope></bibl>, раздел <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">У кого
            скифы учились земледелию</q>). Осетинское название возделанной земли возникло,
          по-видимому, в этом же ареале и ведет к <mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
            <w>humus</w>
            <gloss><q>земля</q>, <q>почва</q></gloss></mentioned>. Ср. другие сепаратные
          скифо-италийские изоглоссы: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mustælæg"><w>mustælæg</w>
            <gloss><q>ласка</q></gloss> (зоол.)</ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Wærgon"><w>Wærgon</w>
            <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">бог-кузнец</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kʼæs"><w>kʼæs</w>
            <gloss><q>хижина</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_myg"><w>myg</w>
            <gloss><q>сперма</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_amonyn"><w>amonyn</w>
            <gloss><q>наставлять</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ræmpæg"><w>ræmpæg</w>
            <gloss><q>моль</q></gloss></ref> и др. (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СЕИ"/>
            <biblScope>passim.</biblScope></bibl>). Развитие значения <gloss><q>земля</q></gloss> →
              <gloss><q>пашня</q></gloss> естественно, ср. <mentioned xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
            <w>zavi</w>
            <gloss><q>пашня</q></gloss></mentioned> от <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
            <w>zam-</w>
            <gloss><q>земля</q></gloss></mentioned> или <mentioned xml:lang="pl"><lang/>
            <w>grunt</w> в значении <gloss><q>пашня</q></gloss></mentioned>. От сближения с
            <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">xurm</w>
            <note type="bibl">(<mentioned xml:lang="sog-x-budd"><lang>будд.</lang>
                <w>ɣwrmh</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sog-x-man"><lang>ман.</lang>
                <w>xwrm</w></mentioned>)</note>
            <gloss><q>земля</q>, <q>почва</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._Asica"/>
                <biblScope>34</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned> придется отказаться — нет ни
          одного случая, чтобы в группе <c>-rm</c> выпадало <c>-r-</c>: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_arm"><w>arm</w>
            <gloss><q>рука</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_carm"><w>carm</w>
            <gloss><q>шкура</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qarm"><w>qarm</w>
            <gloss><q>теплый</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æfsarm"><w>æfsarm</w>
            <gloss><q>стыд</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wærm"><w>wærm</w>
            <gloss><q>яма</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_k0yrm"><w>k˳yrm</w>
            <gloss><q>слепой</q></gloss></ref>. В дигорском в этой группе выпадает <c>-m</c>, но не
            <c>-r-</c>: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_arm"><w>ar</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_carm"><w>car</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qarm"><w>ǧar</w></ref>. — См. еще <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xumidajæn"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_x0ymon"/>.</etym>
        <etym xml:lang="en">Ossetic agricultural terms almost entirely come from European languages:
            <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7fsonʒ"><w>fsonʒ</w>
            <gloss><q>yoke</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_stīvʒ"><w>stīvʒ</w>
            <gloss><q>part of the yoke</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ʒyvyr"><w>ʒyvyr</w>
            <gloss><q>plow</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cæd"><w>cæd</w>
            <gloss><q>a pair of bulls in a harness when plowing</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_adæg"><w>adæg</w>
            <gloss><q>harrow</q></gloss></ref> (from <w type="rec">agæd</w>, cf. <mentioned xml:lang="cy-x-cymr"><lang/>
            <w>oged</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="goh"><lang/>
            <w>egida</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="prg"><lang/>
            <w>aketes</w></mentioned> etc.), <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7fsīr"><w>fsīr</w>
            <gloss><q>ear</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7xsyrf"><w>xsyrf</w>
            <gloss><q>sickle</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tillæg"><w>tillæg</w>
            <gloss><q>harvest</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fæxt"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">fæxt</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">fæstæ</w>
            <gloss><q>mortar</q></gloss></ref> (see: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СЕИ"/>
            <biblScope>142—143</biblScope></bibl>, chapter <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Who did
            the Scythians learned agriculture from</q>). The Ossetian name for cultivated land
          apparently arose in the same area and leads to <mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
            <w>humus</w>
            <gloss><q>land</q>, <q>soil</q></gloss></mentioned>. Cf. other separate Scythian-Italic
          isoglosses: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mustælæg"><w>mustælæg</w>
            <gloss><q>least weasel</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Wærgon"><w>Wærgon</w>
            <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">deity-blacksmith</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kʼæs"><w>kʼæs</w>
            <gloss><q>hut</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_myg"><w>myg</w>
            <gloss><q>sperm</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_amonyn"><w>amonyn</w>
            <gloss><q>instruct</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ræmpæg"><w>ræmpæg</w>
            <gloss><q>moth</q></gloss></ref> etc. (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СЕИ"/>
            <biblScope>passim.</biblScope></bibl>). The meaning development
            <gloss><q>land</q></gloss> → <gloss><q>arable land</q></gloss> is regular, cf.
            <mentioned xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
            <w>zavi</w>
            <gloss><q>arable land</q></gloss></mentioned> from <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
            <w>zam-</w>
            <gloss><q>land</q></gloss></mentioned> or <mentioned xml:lang="pl"><lang/>
            <w>grunt</w> in the meaning <gloss><q>arable land</q></gloss></mentioned>. One should
          refuse to bring the word closer to <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">xurm</w>
            <note type="bibl">(<mentioned xml:lang="sog-x-budd"><lang/>
                <w>ɣwrmh</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sog-x-man"><lang/>
                <w>xwrm</w></mentioned>)</note>
            <gloss><q>land</q>, <q>soil</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._Asica"/>
                <biblScope>34</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned> — there is no case, when in the
          group <c>-rm</c>
          <c>-r-</c> would be lost: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_arm"><w>arm</w>
            <gloss><q>hand</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_carm"><w>carm</w>
            <gloss><q>skin</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qarm"><w>qarm</w>
            <gloss><q>warm</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æfsarm"><w>æfsarm</w>
            <gloss><q>shame</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wærm"><w>wærm</w>
            <gloss><q>hole</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_k0yrm"><w>k˳yrm</w>
            <gloss><q>blind</q></gloss></ref>. In Digor <c>-m</c> is lost  in this group, but not
            <c>-r-</c>: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_arm"><w>ar</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_carm"><w>car</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qarm"><w>ǧar</w></ref>. — See also <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xumidajæn"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_x0ymon"/>.</etym>
      </entry>
    </body>
  </text>
</TEI>