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      <titleStmt>
        <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">pajda</hi></title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml">
        <p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
          Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
            <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
            <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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        <rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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      <entry xml:id="entry_pajda" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
        <form xml:id="form_d1379e68" type="lemma"><orth>pajda</orth></form>
        <sense xml:id="sense_d1379e71"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
            <q>польза</q>
          </abv:tr><sense xml:id="sense_d1379e76"><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>benefit</q>
            </abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d1379e81"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>выгода</q>
            </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>profit</q>
            </abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d1379e90"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>барыш</q>
            </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>gain</q>
            </abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d1379e99"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>проценты</q>
            </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>percentage</q>
            </abv:tr></sense><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; близко по значению <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æftiag"/></note><note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; its meaning is
            close to <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æftiag"/></note></sense>
        <re xml:id="re_d1379e115">
          <form xml:id="form_d1379e117" type="lemma"><orth>pajda kænyn</orth></form>
          <sense xml:id="sense_d1379e120"><sense xml:id="sense_d1379e121"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                <q>извлекать выгоду, пользу</q>
              </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                <q>take advantage</q>
              </abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d1379e130"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                <q>давать барыш</q>
              </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                <q>give a profit</q>
              </abv:tr></sense></sense>
        </re>
        <re xml:id="re_d1379e141">
          <form xml:id="form_d1379e143" type="lemma"><orth>pajdagyn</orth></form>
          <sense xml:id="sense_d1379e146"><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">выгодный</q>
            </tr><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">beneficial</q>
            </tr></sense>
        </re>
        <exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d1379e159">
          <example xml:id="example_d1379e161">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">henyr wyn mænæj pajda nal īs</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">теперь вам от меня нет больше пользы</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I’m no longer of any use to you now</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭп."/>
              <biblScope>23</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d1379e184">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æz am amælʒynæn æmæ bambiʒynæn, ūmæj cy pajda
              īs mælikkæn?</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">какая выгода князю, если я умру и сгнию
                здесь?</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">What is the benefit to the prince if I die and
                rot here?</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭп."/>
              <biblScope>25</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d1379e207">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">cy pajda ū adæjmagæn, ægas dune jæxī k˳y
              bakæna, fælæ jæ adæn k˳y bazian kæna?</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">какая польза человеку, если он приобретет весь
                мир, а душе своей повредит?</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">For what is a man profited, if he shall gain
                the whole world, and lose his own soul?</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Матфей"/>
              <biblScope><hi rendition="#rend_italic">16</hi> 26</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d1379e233">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">pajda æmæ zian — ævsymærtæ</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">барыш и убыток — братья</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">profit and loss are brothers</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">поговорка</note><note type="comment" xml:lang="en">proverb</note></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d1379e257">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">… aly bon tuman pajda k˳yd kænoj…</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">…чтобы каждый день давали один туман
                процентов…</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">…to give a huge amount of percents every
                day…</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
              <biblScope>61</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d1379e281" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">…næ es tuxʒurdæj pajda</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">нет пользы препираться (спорить)</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">there’s no point in arguing</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Æduli"/>
              <biblScope>96</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
        </exampleGrp>
        <etym xml:lang="ru">Из <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1379e430" xml:id="mentioned_d1379e311" xml:lang="ar" extralang="fa"><lang/>
            <w>fāida</w>
            <gloss><q>польза</q>, <q>барыш</q></gloss></mentioned>. Заимствовано через посредство
          одного из севернотюркских языков, которым чужда фонема <c>f</c>: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1379e442" xml:id="mentioned_d1379e323" xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
            <w>paida</w>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Радлов"/>
                <biblScope>IV 1123</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Как и другие слова с
          начальным <c>p</c>, вошло в осетинский в тот относительно поздний период, когда в этом
          языке утратил силу закон перехода <c>p</c> в <c>f</c>; см. об этом под словом <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fændyr"/>. — Усвоено во многие языки: иранские — <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1379e464" xml:id="mentioned_d1379e345" xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
            <w>paida</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1379e469" xml:id="mentioned_d1379e350" xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
            <w>paydā</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1379e474" xml:id="mentioned_d1379e355" xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
            <w>fāida</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1379e479" xml:id="mentioned_d1379e360" xml:lang="xco"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">fāidak</w> (<w>fʽydk</w>)</mentioned>; кавказские — <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1379e489" xml:id="mentioned_d1379e370" xml:lang="av"><lang/>
            <m>pajda</m></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1379e494" xml:id="mentioned_d1379e375" xml:lang="lbe"><lang/>
            <w>pajda</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1379e499" xml:id="mentioned_d1379e380" xml:lang="ani"><lang/>
            <w>pajda</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1379e504" xml:id="mentioned_d1379e385" xml:lang="ce"><lang/>. <w>pajda</w></mentioned>,
            <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1379e509" xml:id="mentioned_d1379e390" xml:lang="kbd"><lang/>
            <w>fajdä</w></mentioned> и др.; славянские — <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1379e514" xml:id="mentioned_d1379e395" xml:lang="bg"><lang/>
            <w>фaйдa</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1379e520" xml:id="mentioned_d1379e401" xml:lang="sr" extralang="hr"><lang/>
            <w>fajda.</w></mentioned>
          <lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ">Вс. <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Миллер</hi>. ОЭ</ref>
            <biblScope>II 84</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr.">Gr.</ref>
            <biblScope>9</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
            <biblScope>129</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
        <etym xml:lang="en">From <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1379e311" xml:id="mentioned_d1379e430" xml:lang="ar" extralang="fa"><lang/>
            <w>fāida</w>
            <gloss><q>benefit</q>, <q>gain</q></gloss></mentioned>. It was borrowed from one of
          North-Turkic languages which did not have a phoneme <c>f</c>: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1379e323" xml:id="mentioned_d1379e442" xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
            <w>paida</w>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Радлов"/>
                <biblScope>IV 1123</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. As other words with an
          initial <c>p</c>, it entered Ossetic at a relatively late period when the law of
          transition <c>p</c> to <c>f</c> lost its force in this language; see more information
          under the word <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fændyr"/>. — It was learned by many
          languages: Iranian — <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1379e345" xml:id="mentioned_d1379e464" xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
            <w>paida</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1379e350" xml:id="mentioned_d1379e469" xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
            <w>paydā</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1379e355" xml:id="mentioned_d1379e474" xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
            <w>fāida</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1379e360" xml:id="mentioned_d1379e479" xml:lang="xco"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">fāidak</w> (<w>fʽydk</w>)</mentioned>; Caucasian — <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1379e370" xml:id="mentioned_d1379e489" xml:lang="av"><lang/>
            <m>pajda</m></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1379e375" xml:id="mentioned_d1379e494" xml:lang="lbe"><lang/>
            <w>pajda</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1379e380" xml:id="mentioned_d1379e499" xml:lang="ani"><lang/>
            <w>pajda</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1379e385" xml:id="mentioned_d1379e504" xml:lang="ce"><lang/>
            <w>pajda</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1379e390" xml:id="mentioned_d1379e509" xml:lang="kbd"><lang/>
            <w>fajdä</w></mentioned> etc.; Slavic — <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1379e395" xml:id="mentioned_d1379e514" xml:lang="bg"><lang/>
            <w>fajda</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1379e401" xml:id="mentioned_d1379e520" xml:lang="sr" extralang="hr"><lang/>
            <w>fajda.</w></mentioned>
          <lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
            <biblScope>II 84</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr.">Gr.</ref>
            <biblScope>9</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
            <biblScope>129</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
      </entry>
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