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      <titleStmt>
        <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">wæras</hi></title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
    Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
            <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
            <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
      </sourceDesc>
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        <rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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      <entry xml:id="entry_wæras" xml:lang="os-x-digor" abv:completeness="english-questions">
        <form xml:id="form_d2093e66" type="lemma"><orth>wæras</orth></form>
        <usg><lang/></usg>
        <sense xml:id="sense_d2093e69">
          <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
            <q>брага</q>
          </abv:tr>
          <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
            <q><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20231112T013901+0300" comment="неясно, как переводить брагу"?>fermented
              drink<?oxy_comment_end ?></q>
          </abv:tr>
        </sense>
        <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kʼ0ymæl"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_maxsymæ"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_byræǧ_1"/></note>
        <note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kʼ0ymæl"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_maxsymæ"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_byræǧ_1"/></note>
        <abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d2093e75">
          <abv:example xml:id="example_d2093e77">
            <quote>Bicentæmæ t’æpænægi ʒag <oRef>wæras</oRef> adtæj </quote>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>у Биценовых была полная кадка браги</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>the Bicentæ had a full tub of homebrew</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_DZ"/>
              <biblScope>55</biblScope></bibl>
          </abv:example>
          <example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ærtæ boni ku racæwa rajguruni fæste, …wædta
                <oRef>wæras</oRef> iskænuncæ; …ka nizzaja, e bælasi bunmæ racæwuj <oRef>wæras</oRef>
              æ kʼoxi otemæj ma <oRef>wæras</oRef> ka ’j oj bakaluj bælasæbæl </quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">когда проходит три дня после рождения
                  (мальчика)<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(мальчика)</note>, то приготовляют
                брагу; роженица выходит под дерево с брагой в руке и льет брагу на дерево</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">when three days pass from the birth (of a boy),
                <oRef/> is brewed; the one who gave birth comes out under a tree with <oRef/> in
                hand and pours <oRef/> onto the tree</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
              <biblScope>58</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">bacudæj <oRef>wærasi</oRef> gæbætmæ æma ʒi
              kʼosi ʒag rawaǧta </quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">он подошел к бурдюку с брагой и налил оттуда
                полную чашу</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he came to the waterskin with <oRef/> and pour
                a whole cup from it</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
              <biblScope> I 98</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
        </abv:exampleGrp>
        <etym xml:lang="ru">Неясного происхождения. Имеются соответствия в некоторых языках Кавказа:
            <mentioned xml:lang="ab"><lang/>
            <w>a-waraš</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sva"><lang/>
            <w>waräš</w>, <w>woräš</w>
            <note type="comment">название хмельного напитка</note></mentioned>
          <bibl>(<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Марр._Сван."/>
            <biblScope>17</biblScope>)</bibl>. <name>Штакельберг</name> сопоставляет с <mentioned xml:lang="kv"><lang/>
            <w>yröš</w>
            <gloss><q>квас</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="tt"><lang/>
            <w>piraš</w></mentioned>
          <gloss><q>пиво</q></gloss> [последнее слово отсутствует в <bibl><title>Русско-татарском
              словаре</title> (<pubPlace>Казань</pubPlace>, <date>1971</date>)</bibl> и у <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Радлов"><name>Радлова</name></ref></bibl>, но дается в
          словаре <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Будагов"><name>Будагова</name></ref>
              (<biblScope>I 324</biblScope>)</bibl>]. Татарское слово лучше оставить в стороне по
          фонетическим соображениям. Что касается <mentioned xml:lang="kv"><lang/>
            <w>yröš</w></mentioned> , то какая-то связь с ос. <w>wæras</w>, видимо, существует,
          вопреки сомнениям <bibl><author>Joki</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Joki._UuI">UuI</ref>
            <biblScope>213—214</biblScope>)</bibl>. Не исключено заимствование из пермских в
          аланский. В пользу этого говорит изолированность осетинского слова на иранской почве и
          угорские параллели у пермского слова: <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="kca"><lang>ханты</lang>
              <w>ǒrəs</w>
              <gloss><q>древесный сок, березовый сок (весной)</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="mns"><lang>манси</lang>
              <w>äreś wüt</w>
              <gloss><q>квас</q></gloss></mentioned>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><title>Acta linguistica Hung.</title>
                <biblScope>3—4, стр. 238</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. В этом случае
          абхазское и сванское слова придется признать усвоенными из аланского. </etym>
        <etym xml:lang="en">Of unclear origin. There are correspondences in some languages of the
          Caucasus: <mentioned xml:lang="ab"><lang/>
            <w>a-waraš</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sva"><lang/>
            <w>waräš</w>, <w>woräš</w>
            <note type="comment">name of an alcoholic drink</note></mentioned>
          <bibl>(<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Марр._Сван."/>
            <biblScope>17</biblScope>)</bibl>. <name>Stackelberg</name> compared it to <mentioned xml:lang="kv"><lang/>
            <w>yröš</w>
            <gloss><q>kvass</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="tt"><lang/>
            <w>piraš</w></mentioned>
          <gloss><q>beer</q></gloss> [the latter word is absent from the <bibl><title>Russian-Tatar
              dictionary</title> (<pubPlace>Kazan</pubPlace>, <date>1971</date>)</bibl> and in
              <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Радлов"><name>Radlov</name></ref></bibl>, but is
          attested in <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Будагов"><name>Budagov</name></ref>’s
            dictionary (<biblScope>I 324</biblScope>)</bibl>]. The Tatar word is best left aside for
          phonetic considerations. As for <mentioned xml:lang="kv"><lang/>
            <w>yröš</w></mentioned> , it is apparently somehow connected to Ossetic <w>wæras</w>,
          contrary to the doubts of <bibl><author>Joki</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Joki._UuI">UuI</ref>
            <biblScope>213—214</biblScope>)</bibl>. Borrowing from Permic into Alanic is not
          excluded. In its favour is the isolation of the Ossetic word in Iranian and Ugric
          parallels for the Permic word: <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="kca"><lang/>
              <w>ǒrəs</w>
              <gloss><q>tree juice, birch juice (in spring)</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="mns"><lang/>
              <w>äreś wüt</w>
              <gloss><q>kvass</q></gloss></mentioned>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><title>Acta linguistica Hung.</title>
                <biblScope>3—4, p. 238</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. In this case the
          Abkhaz and Svan words will have to be recognized as borrowed from Alanic. </etym>
      </entry>
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