<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">somy</hi></title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
        Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
          <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
          <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
    <encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
      <tagsDecl>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
      </tagsDecl>
    </encodingDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <entry xml:id="entry_somy" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
        <form xml:id="form_d898e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>somy</orth></form>
        <form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>somi</orth></form>
        <sense xml:id="sense_d898e69">
          <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
            <q>клятва</q>
          </abv:tr>
          <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
            <q>vow (n.)</q>
          </abv:tr>
        </sense>
        <re>
          <form type="lemma"><orth>somy kænyn</orth></form>
          <sense>
            <sense>
              <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
                <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">клясться</q>
              </tr>
              <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
                <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">vow (v.)</q>
              </tr>
            </sense>
            <sense>
              <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                <q>божиться</q>
              </abv:tr>
              <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                <q>swear</q>
              </abv:tr>
            </sense>
            <sense>
              <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                <q>зарекаться</q>
              </abv:tr>
              <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                <q>forswear</q>
              </abv:tr>
            </sense>
          </sense>
        </re>
        <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ard"><w>ard</w>
            <q>клятва</q></ref>, <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr><w>ard</w>
              <w>xæryn</w></phr>
            <gloss><q>клясться</q></gloss></mentioned> (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_ard"/>,
            <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr><w>ard</w>
              <w>xæryn</w></phr></mentioned> звучат более торжественно, чем <oRef>somy</oRef>,
            <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr><oRef>somy</oRef>
              <w>kænyn</w></phr></mentioned>); ср. также <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wasxæ" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
            <w>wasxæ</w>
            <gloss><q>клятва</q></gloss></ref>. — </note>
        <note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ard"><w>ard</w>
            <q>oath</q></ref>, <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr><w>ard</w>
              <w>xæryn</w></phr>
            <gloss><q>make an oath</q></gloss></mentioned> (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_ard"/>,
            <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr><w>ard</w>
              <w>xæryn</w></phr></mentioned> sound more solemnly than <oRef>somy</oRef>, <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr><oRef>somy</oRef>
              <w>kænyn</w></phr></mentioned>); cf. also <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wasxæ" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
            <w>wasxæ</w>
            <gloss><q>vow</q></gloss></ref>. — </note>
        <re>
          <form type="lemma"><orth>somygond</orth></form>
          <sense>
            <sense>
              <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
                <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">поклявшийся</q>
              </tr>
              <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
                <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">vowed</q>
              </tr>
            </sense>
            <sense>
              <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                <q>зарекшийся</q>
              </abv:tr>
              <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                <q>sworn off</q>
              </abv:tr>
            </sense>
          </sense>
        </re>
        <re>
          <form type="lemma"><orth>somyqom</orth></form>
          <sense>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(уверенный в чем-либо и потому) способный,
                могущий поклясться</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(confident in something and therefore) capable,
                able to swear</q>
            </tr>
          </sense>
        </re>
        <exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>somy</oRef> jyl bakodton
              (x˳ysnægyl)</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">я зарекся (красть)</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I have pledged (not to steal)</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
              <biblScope>98</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ardygæj fæstæmæ... <oRef>basomy</oRef> kænʒæn
              myggagmæ tælætyl</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">отныне он навсегда заречется совершать
                набеги</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">from now on, he will forever renounce
                raiding</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
              <biblScope>135</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">k˳yd ūdon ūs æmæ læg wyʒysty, ūwyl
                <oRef>somy</oRef> bakodtoj, ard baxordtoj</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">они побожились, (торжественно) поклялись, что
                будут женой и мужем</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">they swore, (solemnly) vowed that they would be
                wife and husband</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
              <biblScope>27</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>somy</oRef> dyn kænyn warzonʒīnadæj,
              ard dyn xæryn æcægʒinadæj</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">заверяю тебя любовью, клянусь тебе правдой</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I assure you with love, I swear to you the
                truth</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
              <biblScope>39</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ma <oRef>somy</oRef> kæn æppyndær: madær
              arvæj..., madær zæxxæj</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">не клянись вовсе: ни небом... ни землею</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Swear not at all; neither by heaven... nor by
                the earth</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Матфей"/>
              <biblScope><hi rendition="#rend_italic">5</hi> 34—35</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">bawwændun æj kodta æ somitæj</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">он убедил его своими клятвами</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he convinced him with his vows</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
              <biblScope>35</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">somi mærdtæj ma kænæ</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">не клянись мертвыми</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">do not swear by the dead</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Æduli"/>
              <biblScope>80</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">kænun æz somi, kud dæddun sin mæ
              kizgi</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">клянусь, что отдам им свою дочь</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I swear that I will give them my daughter</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Æduli"/>
              <biblScope>99</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">aci tawæræq ænæmængæ ke ʽj, obæl zærond
              muddartæ somi kænuncæ</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">что эта история не вымышленная, в этом клянутся
                старые пасечники</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the old beekeepers swear that this story is not
                fictional</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
              <biblScope>I 96</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">...cæmæj æ somijæn æcæg adtaidæ</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">...чтобы быть верным своей клятве</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">...to be true to your vow</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
              <biblScope>II 6</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
        </exampleGrp>
        <etym xml:lang="ru">Неотделимо от <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
            <w>sāma</w>
            <gloss><q>клятва</q>, <q>присяга</q>, <q>договор</q>,
            <q>контракт</q></gloss></mentioned>. Оба слова следует, быть может, сближать с
            <lang>др.инд. (вед.)</lang>
          <w>Sam-</w>
          <gloss><q>Ritualruf</q></gloss>
          <note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Wüst</author>, <title>Festschrift für L. Lotz</title>,
                <date>1960</date>, <biblScope>стр. 598</biblScope></bibl>)</note>. С семантической
          стороны соблазнительно также возведение к
            <?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20221023T171807+0300" comment="иран?"?><mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">sahman-</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?>, имея в виду
            <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
            <w>s<?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20221023T172030+0300" comment="не уверена, что это именно то"?>ᶏ<?oxy_comment_end ?>h-</w>
            <gloss><q>возвещать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <w>śaṁs-</w>
            <gloss><q>торжественно возглашать</q>, <q>давать обет</q></gloss>, <w>śaṁsa-</w>
            <gloss><q>торжественное слово</q>, <q>благословение</q>,
            <q>проклятие</q></gloss></mentioned>;
            <?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20221023T171807+0300" comment="иран?"?><mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">sahman-</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?> →
            <oRef>som(i)</oRef>, как <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">kahman-</w></mentioned>
          → <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kom_1"/> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИЭС_I"/>
            <biblScope>599</biblScope></bibl>). — <name>Bailey</name> усматривает в
            <oRef>somy</oRef>
          <q>клятва</q> и <ref type="xr" target="#entry_somun"><w>somun</w>
            <q>веять зерно</q></ref> одну и ту же базу
            <?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20221023T172717+0300" comment="иран?"?><m>sam-</m><?oxy_comment_end ?>
          со значением <q>соответствовать</q>, <q>подходить</q> и пр. (<bibl><title>Rocznik
              Orientalistyczny</title>
            <date>1957</date>
            <biblScope>XXI 60</biblScope></bibl>).<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_MSt."/>
            <biblScope>84</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
        <etym xml:lang="en">It is unseparable from <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
            <w>sāma</w>
            <gloss><q>vow</q>, <q>oath</q>, <q>agreement</q>, <q>contract</q></gloss></mentioned>.
          Both words should, perhaps, be brought closer to <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old" extralang="sa-vaidika"><lang/>
            <w>Sam-</w>
            <gloss><q>Ritualruf</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Wüst</author>, <title>Festschrift für L. Lotz</title>,
                  <date>1960</date>, <biblScope>p. 598</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. As
          for the semantics, it is also tempting to trace it back to
            <?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20221023T171807+0300" comment="иран?"?><mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">sahman-</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?>, bearing in mind
            <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
            <w>s<?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20221023T172030+0300" comment="не уверена, что это именно то"?>ᶏ<?oxy_comment_end ?>h-</w>
            <gloss><q>anounce</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <w>śaṁs-</w>
            <gloss><q>solemnly proclaim</q>, <q>make a vow</q></gloss>, <w>śaṁsa-</w>
            <gloss><q>a solemn word</q>, <q>blessing</q>, <q>curse</q></gloss></mentioned>;
            <?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20221023T171807+0300" comment="иран?"?><mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">sahman-</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?> →
            <oRef>som(i)</oRef>, like <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">kahman-</w></mentioned> → <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kom_1"/> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИЭС_I"/>
            <biblScope>599</biblScope></bibl>). — <name>Bailey</name> sees in <oRef>somy</oRef>
          <q>vow</q> and <ref type="xr" target="#entry_somun"><w>somun</w>
            <q>winnow grain</q></ref> the same stem
            <?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20221023T172717+0300" comment="иран?"?><m>sam-</m><?oxy_comment_end ?>
          with the meaning <q>match</q>, <q>suite</q> etc. (<bibl><title>Rocznik
              Orientalistyczny</title>
            <date>1957</date>
            <biblScope>XXI 60</biblScope></bibl>).<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_MSt."/>
            <biblScope>84</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
      </entry>
    </body>
  </text>
</TEI>