<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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      <titleStmt>
        <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">zældæ</hi></title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
        Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
          <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
          <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
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      <tagsDecl>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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  <text>
    <body>
      <entry xml:id="entry_zældæ" xml:lang="os-x-digor" abv:completeness="complete">
        <form xml:id="form_d5769e66" type="lemma"><orth>zældæ</orth></form>
        <usg><lang/></usg>
        <sense>
          <sense xml:id="sense_d5769e69">
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>молодая трава</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>young grass</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
          <sense>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>мурава</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>grass sward</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
          <sense>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>дерн</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>turf</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
        </sense>
        <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; ср. и. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_næw_1"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_taw"/></note>
        <note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; cf. Iron <ref type="xr" target="#entry_næw_1"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_taw"/></note>
        <exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">bælasi awwon cʼæx <oRef>zældi</oRef> astæw
              æritawuncæ sæ ors nimættæ</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">под тенью дерева посреди зеленой муравы
                расстилают свои белые бурки</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">under the shade of a tree in the middle of the
                green grass they spread their white felt cloaks</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭп."/>
              <biblScope>59<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">224–225</hi></biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">baolæfunmæ æ nadæj læg ærfestæg æj cʼæx
                <oRef>zældi</oRef></quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">чтобы отдохнуть с дороги, человек спешился на
                зеленой траве</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">in order to rest from the road, the man
                dismounted on green grass</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Æmburdgond"/>
              <biblScope>70</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>zældæbæl</oRef> mæ razi xiztæj cid mæ
              bæx</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">на траве передо мной пасся, бывало, мой
                конь</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">on the grass in front of me my horse used to
                graze</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
              <biblScope>16</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
        </exampleGrp>
        <etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">zarita-</w></mentioned> от базы <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">zar-</w>
            <gloss><q>желтый</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>зеленый</q></gloss>,
              <gloss><q>зелень</q></gloss></mentioned>. Ударение на первом слоге (<w type="rec">zárita-</w>) привело к редукции и исчезновению гласного <c>i</c> во втором. Но, прежде
          чем исчезнуть, <c>i</c> произвел свое обычное действие: превратил <c>r</c> в <c>l</c>. Ср.
              <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
              <w>zard</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
              <w>zart</w></mentioned>
            <gloss><q>желтый</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><w>zartgōn</w>
            <gloss><q>желтого цвета</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
            <note type="comment">(из иран.)</note>
            <w>zartagoyn</w>
            <gloss><q>желтый цветок, используемый для окрашивания</q></gloss></mentioned>,
              <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="prc"><lang/>
              <w>zītö</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
              <w>zēṛ</w>, <w>ziyaṛ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
              <w>zart</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sgy"><lang/>
              <w>zāḷ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
              <w>zird</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="mnj" extralang="ydg"><lang/>
              <w>zīt</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yah"><lang/>
              <w>zart</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="isk"><lang/>
              <w>zord</w></mentioned>
            <gloss><q>желтый</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
              <w>ysīḍai</w>, <w>ysīḍaa-</w>
              <note type="comment">(<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">zaritaka-</w></mentioned>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
              <w>zérta</w>
              <note type="comment">в <phr>zérta rūγin</phr>
                <gloss><q>топленое (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">желтое</q>) масло</q></gloss>,
                а также в топонимии (<bibl><author>Хромов</author>. <title>Ягнобские архаизмы в
                    топонимических названиях</title>. В сб.: <bibl type="m"><title>Иранское
                      языкознание</title>, <pubPlace>М.</pubPlace>, <date>1976</date></bibl>,
                    <biblScope>стр. 165–166</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
              <w type="rec">zertak</w> (<w>zyrtk</w>)</mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
              <w>zairita-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
              <w>harita-</w></mentioned>
            <gloss><q>желтый</q></gloss></mentioned>. Иранскую базу <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">zar-</w>
            <gloss><q>желтый</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>зеленый</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">ǵhel-</w></mentioned> мы находим еще в ряде осетинских слов: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zæræston"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zærīdaw"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mæzæræw"/>. Эта же база — в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zærīn"><w>zærīn</w>
            <gloss><q>золото</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>золотой</q></gloss></ref>. По значению
            <oRef>zældæ</oRef> ближе к славо-балтийскому (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">зелье</q>, <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">зеленый</q>), чем к иранскому (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">желтый</q>). Этимологически и по значению, но c иным
          словообразованием, ср. <mentioned xml:lang="ru-x-dial"><lang>русск.</lang>
            <note type="comment">(диал.)</note>
            <w>зелок</w>
            <gloss><q>молодая трава</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Трубачев</author>. <title>Славянские этимологии</title>
                <biblScope>29–39</biblScope>. <bibl type="m"><title>Этимологические исследования по
                    русскому языку</title>, <pubPlace>М.</pubPlace>, <date>1962</date>,
                    <biblScope>стр. 36–37</biblScope></bibl></bibl>.)</note></mentioned>. —
            <mentioned xml:lang="hu"><lang>Венг.</lang>
            <w>zöld</w>
            <gloss><q>зеленый</q></gloss></mentioned> усвоено из аланского
              (<bibl><author>Munkácsi</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_KSz."/>
            <biblScope>II 43, IV 380, V 321</biblScope></bibl>). — См. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_8zær6æ9"><w type="rec">zær</w></ref>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
            <biblScope>II 47, 82</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
            <biblScope>39</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Sköld._Oss."/>
            <biblScope>40</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._EVP"/>
            <biblScope>104</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
            <biblScope>119, 245, 252, 572, 588, 597</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._Saka_Dictionary"/>
            <biblScope>350</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
        <etym xml:lang="en">Goes back to <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">zarita-</w></mentioned> from the base <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">zar-</w>
            <gloss><q>yellow</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>green</q></gloss>,
              <gloss><q>greenery</q></gloss></mentioned>. The stress on the first syllable (<w type="rec">zárita-</w>) led to the reduction and disappearance of the vowel <c>i</c> in
          the second one. But before disappearance, <c>i</c> performed its usual action: turned
            <c>r</c> into <c>l</c>. Cf. <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
              <w>zard</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
              <w>zart</w></mentioned>
            <gloss><q>yellow</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><w>zartgōn</w>
            <gloss><q>of yellow colour</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
            <note type="comment">(from Iranian)</note>
            <w>zartagoyn</w>
            <gloss><q>yellow flower used for colouring</q></gloss></mentioned>,
              <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="prc"><lang/>
              <w>zītö</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
              <w>zēṛ</w>, <w>ziyaṛ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
              <w>zart</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sgy"><lang/>
              <w>zāḷ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
              <w>zird</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="mnj" extralang="ydg"><lang/>
              <w>zīt</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yah"><lang/>
              <w>zart</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="isk"><lang/>
              <w>zord</w></mentioned>
            <gloss><q>yellow</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
              <w>ysīḍai</w>, <w>ysīḍaa-</w>
              <note type="comment">(<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">zaritaka-</w></mentioned>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
              <w>zérta</w>
              <note type="comment">in <phr>zérta rūγin</phr>
                <gloss><q>melted (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">yellow</q>) butter</q></gloss>,
                and also in toponymy (<bibl><author>Xromov</author>. <title>Jagnobskie arxaizmy v
                    toponimičeskix nazvanijax [Yaghnobi archaisms in toponymic names]</title>. In:
                    <bibl type="m"><title>Iranskoe jazykoznanie [Iranian linguistics]</title>,
                      <pubPlace>Moscow</pubPlace>, <date>1976</date></bibl>, <biblScope>p.
                    165–166</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
              <w type="rec">zertak</w> (<w>zyrtk</w>)</mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
              <w>zairita-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
              <w>harita-</w></mentioned>
            <gloss><q>yellow</q></gloss></mentioned>. The Iranian base <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">zar-</w>
            <gloss><q>yellow</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>green</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">ǵhel-</w></mentioned> we also find in a number of Ossetic words: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zæræston"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zærīdaw"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mæzæræw"/>. The same base is in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zærīn"><w>zærīn</w>
            <gloss><q>gold</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>golden</q></gloss></ref>. By its meaning
            <oRef>zældæ</oRef> is closer to Slavo-Baltic (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">potion</q>, <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">green</q>), than to Iranian (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">yellow</q>). Etymologically and in meaning, but with a
          different derivation, cf. <mentioned xml:lang="ru-x-dial"><lang>Russian</lang>
            <note type="comment">(dialectal)</note>
            <w>zelok</w>
            <gloss><q>young grass</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Trubačëv</author>. <title>Slavjanskie ètimologii
                  [Slavic etymologies]</title>
                <biblScope>29–39</biblScope>. <bibl type="m"><title>Ètimologičeskie issledovanija po
                    russkomu jazyku [Etymological studies in Russian]</title>,
                    <pubPlace>Moscow</pubPlace>, <date>1962</date>, <biblScope>p.
                  36–37</biblScope></bibl></bibl>.)</note></mentioned>. — <mentioned xml:lang="hu"><lang/>
            <w>zöld</w>
            <gloss><q>green</q></gloss></mentioned> is acquired from Alanian
              (<bibl><author>Munkácsi</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_KSz."/>
            <biblScope>II 43, IV 380, V 321</biblScope></bibl>). — See <ref type="xr" target="#entry_8zær6æ9"><w type="rec">zær</w></ref>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
            <biblScope>II 47, 82</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
            <biblScope>39</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Sköld._Oss."/>
            <biblScope>40</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._EVP"/>
            <biblScope>104</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
            <biblScope>119, 245, 252, 572, 588, 597</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._Saka_Dictionary"/>
            <biblScope>350</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
      </entry>
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