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            <titleStmt>
                <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">k0y</hi></title>
            </titleStmt>
            <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
    Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
            <sourceDesc>
                <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
                        <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
                        <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
                        <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
            </sourceDesc>
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    <tagsDecl>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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        <body>
            <entry xml:id="entry_k0y" xml:lang="os">
                <form xml:id="form_d5155e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>k˳y</orth></form>
                <form xml:id="form_d5155e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>ku</orth></form>
                <sense xml:id="sense_d5155e72"><sense xml:id="sense_d5155e73"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>когда</q>
                        </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>when</q>
                        </abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d5155e82"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>если</q>
                        </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>if</q>
                        </abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d5155e91"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>если бы</q>
                        </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>if only</q>
                        </abv:tr></sense></sense>
                <abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d5155e101">
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d5155e103">
                        <quote>mīt īw k˳y waryd, wæd īw nyzzaryd kʼæʒæx lægæty</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>когда шел снег, он распевал в пещере под скалой</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>when it was snowing he was singing in a cave under a rock</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>48</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d5155e122">
                        <quote>k˳y bambæxsaj baræj, wæd ūsy kærdæny myggagmæ fæxæt</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>если ты спрячешься умышленно, то ходи весь век в женском платке</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>if you hide deliberately, then walk in a woman’s scarf the whole
                                century</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>42</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d5155e141">
                        <note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">при оптативе: </note>
                        <note type="comment" xml:lang="en">with optative: </note>
                        <quote>k˳y ravdīsis dæxī!</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>о, если бы ты показалась!</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>Oh, if only you showed up!</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>110</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d5155e167">
                        <note type="comment" xml:lang="ru"><hi rendition="#rend_italic">k˳y</hi> … <hi rendition="#rend_italic">k˳y</hi> ‘то … то’: </note>
                        <note type="comment" xml:lang="en"><hi rendition="#rend_italic">k˳y</hi> … <hi rendition="#rend_italic">k˳y</hi> ‘sometimes …
                            sometimes’: </note>
                        <quote>jæ wyndæj k˳y radī mæ zærdæ, k˳y ta … jæ sæft ʒy wydta</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>от ее вида мое сердце то ликовало, то видело в нем свою гибель</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>from her sight, my heart sometimes rejoiced, sometimes saw its death
                                in it</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>58</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                </abv:exampleGrp>
                <etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к иран. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*ku-</hi>, вопросительной частице, обычно со
                    значением ‘где’; ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5155e302" xml:id="mentioned_d5155e196" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
                        <w>kū</w></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_GIPh."/><biblScope>II 164</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5155e311" xml:id="mentioned_d5155e205" xml:lang="prc"><lang/>
                        <w>ku</w>
                        <gloss><q>где</q></gloss></mentioned>
                            (<bibl><author>Morgenstierne</author><biblScope>HFL I
                        263</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5155e323" xml:id="mentioned_d5155e217" xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
                        <w>kū</w>
                        <gloss><q>где</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5155e332" xml:id="mentioned_d5155e226" xml:lang="yai"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>куда</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5155e338" xml:id="mentioned_d5155e232" xml:lang="yai"><w>čikū</w>
                        <gloss><q>откуда</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5155e344" xml:id="mentioned_d5155e238" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
                        <w>*kū(kw)</w>
                        <gloss><q>где</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5155e352" xml:id="mentioned_d5155e246" xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
                        <w>ku</w>
                        <gloss><q>где</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5155e360" xml:id="mentioned_d5155e254" xml:lang="kho"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>когда</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5155e366" xml:id="mentioned_d5155e260" xml:lang="kho"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>если</q></gloss></mentioned> (как связка придаточного
                    предложения), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5155e373" xml:id="mentioned_d5155e267" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
                        <w>ḱū</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5155e378" xml:id="mentioned_d5155e272" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
                        <w>kū</w></mentioned> id. — По употреблению осетинский особенно близок к
                    сакскому. Пространственное значение отчетливо выступает в дигорском <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kumæ</hi>
                    ‘куда’, представляющем направительный падеж от <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ku</hi>; ср. также <ref type="xr" target="#entry_īsk0y"/> ‘где-либо’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_nīk0y"/>
                    ‘нигде’. С течением времени в значении ‘где’ утвердилось <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kæm"/> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kæmi</hi> (др.иран. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kahmi</hi>), а <hi rendition="#rend_italic">k˳y</hi> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ku</hi>
                    получило преобладающее употребление при временных и условных придаточных
                    предложениях. — Ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_k0yd"/> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kud</hi>
                            ‘как’.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>II 57</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/><biblScope>18, 86, 87</biblScope></bibl>.
                    — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/><biblScope>45</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
                <etym xml:lang="en">It traces back to Iranian <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*ku-</hi>, a question particle, usually
                    with the meaning ‘where’; cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5155e196" xml:id="mentioned_d5155e302" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
                        <w>kū</w></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_GIPh."/><biblScope>II 164</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5155e205" xml:id="mentioned_d5155e311" xml:lang="prc"><lang/>
                        <w>ku</w>
                        <gloss><q>где</q></gloss></mentioned>
                            (<bibl><author>Morgenstierne</author><biblScope>HFL I
                        263</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5155e217" xml:id="mentioned_d5155e323" xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
                        <w>kū</w>
                        <gloss><q>where</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5155e226" xml:id="mentioned_d5155e332" xml:lang="yai"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>where to</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5155e232" xml:id="mentioned_d5155e338" xml:lang="yai"><w>čikū</w>
                        <gloss><q>from where</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5155e238" xml:id="mentioned_d5155e344" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
                        <w>*kū(kw)</w>
                        <gloss><q>where</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5155e246" xml:id="mentioned_d5155e352" xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
                        <w>ku</w>
                        <gloss><q>where</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5155e254" xml:id="mentioned_d5155e360" xml:lang="kho"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>when</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5155e260" xml:id="mentioned_d5155e366" xml:lang="kho"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>if</q></gloss></mentioned> (as a link for the a subordinate
                    clause), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5155e267" xml:id="mentioned_d5155e373" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
                        <w>ḱū</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5155e272" xml:id="mentioned_d5155e378" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
                        <w>kū</w></mentioned> id. — The usage of the Ossetic word is the closest to
                    сакскому. The spatial meaning is distinctly seen in Digor <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kumæ</hi> ‘where to’,
                    which is an illative case from <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ku</hi>; cf. also <ref type="xr" target="#entry_īsk0y"/> ‘somewhere’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_nīk0y"/>
                    ‘nowhere’. Eventually the meaning ‘where’ was taken by <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kæm"/> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kæmi</hi> (Old Iranian <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kahmi</hi>), and <hi rendition="#rend_italic">k˳y</hi> |
                    <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ku</hi> is used mostly with temporal and conditional clauses. — Cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_k0yd"/> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kud</hi> ‘how’.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>II 57</biblScope></bibl>;
                            <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/><biblScope>18, 86,
                            87</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/><biblScope>45</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
            </entry>
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