<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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      <titleStmt>
        <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ᵆxsnīwyn</hi></title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
        Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
          <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
          <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
      </sourceDesc>
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        <rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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    <body>
      <entry xml:id="entry_7xsnīwyn" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
        <form xml:id="form_d372e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>ᵆxsnīwyn</orth><form type="participle"><orth>ᵆxsnīwd</orth></form></form>
        <form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>æxsnewun</orth><form type="participle"><orth>æxsniwd</orth></form></form>
        <sense xml:id="sense_d372e69">
          <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
            <q>тесать топориком</q>
          </abv:tr>
          <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
            <q>hatchet</q>
          </abv:tr>
        </sense>
        <re>
          <form type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>xsnīwæn</orth></form>
          <form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>æxsnewæn</orth></form>
          <sense>
            <sense>
              <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
                <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">топорик для тесания</q>
              </tr>
              <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
                <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">hatchet</q>
              </tr>
            </sense>
            <sense>
              <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                <q>тесло</q>
              </abv:tr>
              <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                <q>adze</q>
              </abv:tr>
            </sense>
          </sense>
        </re>
        <etym xml:lang="ru">Следует возводить к <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">xš(n)aip-</w></mentioned>; <c>w</c> на этот раз восходит к <c>p</c>, как в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xawyn"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cæw"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cʼīw"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wæl-"/>; ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7xsnyf"><w>xsnyf</w>
            <gloss><q>щепка</q></gloss></ref> (c <c>f</c>). Начальная группа <c>xs-</c> — из
            <c>sk-</c>, ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7xsītt"><w>xsītt</w></ref> | <ref type="xr" target="#entry_skʼot"/>
          <gloss><q>свист</q></gloss> или <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <w>likṣa-</w></mentioned> при <ref type="xr" target="#entry_lyskʼ" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
            <w>lyskʼ</w>
            <gloss><q>гнида</q></gloss></ref>. Разъясняется в рамках скифо-европейских изоглосс.
          Исходная индоевропейская база (без назального инфикса) — <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">skeip-</w>
            <note type="comment">(вариант <w type="rec">skeib-</w>)</note>, <w type="rec">skep-</w>
            <note type="comment">(варианты <w type="rec">skeb(h)-</w>, <w type="rec">skob(h)-</w>,
                <w type="rec">skab(h)</w>)</note>
            <gloss><q>отрез<?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230329T171359+0300" comment="латинская а с акутом"?>á<?oxy_comment_end ?>ть,
                откалывать острым орудием</q>, <q>щепить</q></gloss> и т. п. <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
                <biblScope>922, 930—933</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Ср.
              <?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230329T171807+0300" comment="праслав"?><mentioned><lang>праслав.</lang>
            <w type="rec">ščep-</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
            <w>щепать</w>, <w>щепки</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="orv"><lang/>
            <w>*скѢпати</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
            <w>скепать</w>
            <gloss><q>расщеплять</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230329T171606+0300" comment="какой это из двух забитых Фасмеров?"?><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Vasmer._Ir._i._S.">Vasmer </ref><?oxy_comment_end ?>
                <biblScope>s. w.</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lv"><lang/>
            <w>šḳibīt</w>
            <gloss><q>тесать</q>, <q>рубить</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Fraenkel"/>
                <biblScope>II 805</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="non"><lang/>
              <w>skifa</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="no"><lang/>
              <w>skiva</w></mentioned>
            <gloss><q>раскалывать</q></gloss></mentioned> и пр. Вставка -<c>n</c>- могла быть
          результатом контаминации с другими, семантически близкими базами: <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">ksneu-</w></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <w>kṣna-uti</w>
            <gloss><q>точит</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
            <w>hu-xšnuta-</w>
            <gloss><q>хорошо отточенный</q></gloss></mentioned>) и <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">sneit-</w></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="ang"><lang/>
            <w>snīđan</w>
            <gloss><q>тесать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
            <w>schneiden</w>
            <gloss><q>резать</q></gloss></mentioned> и пр.). Ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7xsnyf"><w>xsnyf</w></ref>.</etym>
        <etym xml:lang="en">It should go back to <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">xš(n)aip-</w></mentioned>; this time <c>w</c> goes back to <c>p</c>, as in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xawyn"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cæw"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cʼīw"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wæl-"/>; ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7xsnyf"><w>xsnyf</w>
            <gloss><q>sliver</q></gloss></ref> (with <c>f</c>). The initial group <c>xs-</c> comes
          from <c>sk-</c>, cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7xsītt"><w>xsītt</w></ref> | <ref type="xr" target="#entry_skʼot"/>
          <gloss><q>whistle</q></gloss> and <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <w>likṣa-</w></mentioned> while having <ref type="xr" target="#entry_lyskʼ" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
            <w>lyskʼ</w>
            <gloss><q>nit</q></gloss></ref>. It can be explained within the framework of the
          Scythian-European isoglosses. The original Indo-European stem (no nasal infix) is
            <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">skeip-</w>
            <note type="comment">(variant <w type="rec">skeib-</w>)</note>, <w type="rec">skep-</w>
            <note type="comment">(variants <w type="rec">skeb(h)-</w>, <w type="rec">skob(h)-</w>,
                <w type="rec">skab(h)</w>)</note>
            <gloss><q>to cut off with a sharp tool</q>, <q>splinter</q></gloss> etc. <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
                <biblScope>922, 930—933</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Cf.
              <?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230329T171807+0300" comment="праслав"?><mentioned><lang>Proto-Slavic</lang>
            <w type="rec">ščep-</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
            <w>ščepatʼ</w>, <w>ščepki</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="orv"><lang/>
            <w>*skěpati</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
            <w>skepatʼ</w>
            <gloss><q>split</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230329T171606+0300" comment="какой это из двух забитых Фасмеров?"?><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Vasmer._Ir._i._S.">Vasmer </ref><?oxy_comment_end ?>
                <biblScope>s. w.</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lv"><lang/>
            <w>šḳibīt</w>
            <gloss><q>hew</q>, <q>chop</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Fraenkel"/>
                <biblScope>II 805</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="non"><lang/>
              <w>skifa</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="no"><lang/>
              <w>skiva</w></mentioned>
            <gloss><q>split</q></gloss></mentioned> etc. The insertions of -<c>n</c>- could be the
          result of contamination with other, semantically similar stems: <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">ksneu-</w></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <w>kṣna-uti</w>
            <gloss><q>sharpens</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
            <w>hu-xšnuta-</w>
            <gloss><q>well honed</q></gloss></mentioned>) and <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">sneit-</w></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="ang"><lang/>
            <w>snīđan</w>
            <gloss><q>hew</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
            <w>schneiden</w>
            <gloss><q>cut</q></gloss></mentioned> etc.). Cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7xsnyf"><w>xsnyf</w></ref>.</etym>
      </entry>
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