<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">rædaw</hi></title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
        Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
          <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
          <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
    <encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
      <tagsDecl>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
      </tagsDecl>
    </encodingDesc>
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  <text>
    <body>
      <entry xml:id="entry_rædaw" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
        <form xml:id="form_d2820e66" type="lemma"><orth>rædaw</orth></form>
        <sense xml:id="sense_d2820e69"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
            <q>щедрый</q>
          </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
            <q>generous</q>
          </abv:tr></sense>
        <exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d2820e79">
          <example xml:id="example_d2820e81">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">razyn nyr <oRef>rædaw</oRef>, askʼær syl næ
              sion, xorz sæ fen</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">окажись теперь щедрым, погони на них
                (охотников) наших рогатых (= оленей), хорошо их угости</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">be generous now,
                <?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220523T160322+0300" comment="???"?>drive<?oxy_comment_end ?>
                our horned (deer) to them (hunters), treat them well</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
              <biblScope>66</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d2820e110">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">cas mæg˳yrdær kodtoj ujas sæ kærʒynyl kodtoj
                <oRef>rædawdær</oRef></quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">чем больше они беднели, тем щедрее они
                становились на хлеб</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the poorer they got, the more generous they
                became
                <?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220523T160357+0300" comment="???"?>on
                bread<?oxy_comment_end ?></q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
              <biblScope>74</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d2820e137">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Berd æmæ jæ ūsy adæm bīræ warztoj sæ
                <oRef>rædaw</oRef>, kærʒyndæddony tyxxæj</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Берда и его жену народ очень любил за щедрость
                (и) хлебосольство</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">The people loved Berd and his wife very much
                for their generosity and hospitality</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
              <biblScope>11</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d2820e162">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">kæddæriddær adon bælccon cæwǵytæn qælʒæg æmæ
                <oRef>rædaw</oRef> fysym wydysty</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">всегда они были для проезжающих путников
                радушными и щедрыми хозяевами</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">they have always been hospitable and generous
                hosts for passing travelers</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
              <biblScope>21</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
        </exampleGrp>
        <etym xml:lang="ru">Всего вероятнее, восходит к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e479" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e190" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
            <m type="rec">rātā-vant-</m></mentioned> с ослаблением корневого гласного <c>а</c> →
            <c>æ</c>, как в <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e489" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e200" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
            <w>pʼcrṭy</w></mentioned> (см. ниже). Ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e494" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e205" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
            <w>rād</w>
            <gloss><q>щедрый</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e503" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e214" xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
            <w>rad</w>
            <gloss><q>щедрость</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e511" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e222" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
            <w>rāt</w>
            <gloss><q>великодушный</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>щедрый</q></gloss></mentioned>,
              <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d2820e233"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e523" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e234" xml:lang="pal-x-pazend"><lang/>
              <w>rādi</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e528" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e239" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
              <w>rātīh</w></mentioned>
            <gloss><q>великодушие</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e536" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e247" xml:lang="sog-x-man"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">rāt</w> (<w>rʼt</w>) <gloss><q>дар</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e547" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e258" xml:lang="sog-x-man"><w type="rec">pācrāt</w> (<w>pʼcrʼt</w>)
                <gloss><q>вознаграждение</q></gloss>
            <note type="comment">из <m type="rec">pati-rāta-</m></note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e561" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e272" xml:lang="sog-x-chr"><lang/>
            <w>pācratē</w>
            <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(<w>pʼcrty</w> — косвенный падеж)</note></mentioned>
              (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Henning._BBB"/>
            <biblScope>130, 133</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Gershevitch"/>
            <biblScope>§§ 121, 674</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e582" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e293" xml:lang="sog-x-man"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">rātōx</w> (<w>rʼtwx</w>) <gloss><q>дарующий</q></gloss></mentioned>,
            <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e596" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e304" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
            <m>rātā-</m>, <m>rāiti-</m>
            <gloss><q>дар</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e606" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e314" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <m>rāti-</m>
            <gloss><q>благосклонный</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>щедрый</q></gloss>,
              <gloss><q>дар</q></gloss></mentioned> от глагола <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e620" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e328" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><m>rā-</m>, <w>rāti</w>
            <gloss><q>давать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>дарить</q></gloss></mentioned>. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e632" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e340" xml:lang="xcl"><lang>Арм.</lang>
            <w>aṙatʼ</w>
            <gloss><q>обильный</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>щедрый</q></gloss></mentioned> одни относят
          сюда же и рассматривают как заимствование из иранского (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Arm._Gr."/>
            <biblScope>107</biblScope></bibl>), другие считают <w>aṙatʼ</w> исконно армянским словом
          и возводят к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e650" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e358" xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
            <w>pro-dos</w>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Mann</author>
                <biblScope>29</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Формально и по значению нет
          препятствий к тому, чтобы и <oRef>rædaw</oRef> возводить к <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d2820e373"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e666" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e374" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
              <m type="rec">fra-dā-</m></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e672" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e380" xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
              <m>pro-dō-</m></mentioned>
            <gloss><q>давать</q></gloss></mentioned>. Но в этом случае пришлось бы оторвать
          осетинское слово от вышеприведенных иранских, что вряд ли допустимо. — <bibl><author>Вс.
              Миллер</author></bibl> сопоставлял <oRef>rædaw</oRef> с <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e686" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e394" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
            <m>rādah-</m>
            <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(по <bibl><author>Миллер</author>у</bibl> —
                  <gloss><q>приношение</q></gloss>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e700" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e409" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <m>rādhas-</m>
            <gloss><q>милость</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>дар</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
                <biblScope>II 88</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, а позднее — с <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e719" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e428" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <m>vratavant-</m>
            <gloss><q>выполняющий (религиозный) обет</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller_IF_21"/>, <biblScope>стр.
                  330</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. — <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e735" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e444" xml:lang="sog"><lang>Согд.</lang>
            <w>rδy</w>, <w>rδδy</w>
            <gloss><q>favourable</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>fécondant</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Benveniste._TSP"/>
                <biblScope>269</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned> следует связать с приведенными
            <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e757" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e466" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
            <m>rādah-</m></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e762" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e471" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <m>rādhas-</m></mentioned>.</etym>
        <etym xml:lang="en">Most likely, it goes back to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e190" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e479" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
            <m type="rec">rātā-vant-</m></mentioned> with the weakening of the stem vowel <c>a</c> →
            <c>æ</c>, as in <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e200" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e489" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
            <w>pʼcrṭy</w></mentioned> (see below). Cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e205" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e494" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
            <w>rād</w>
            <gloss><q>generous</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e214" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e503" xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
            <w>rad</w>
            <gloss><q>generosity</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e222" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e511" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
            <w>rāt</w>
            <gloss><q>big-hearted</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>generous</q></gloss></mentioned>,
              <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d2820e522"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e234" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e523" xml:lang="pal-x-pazend"><lang/>
              <w>rādi</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e239" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e528" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
              <w>rātīh</w></mentioned>
            <gloss><q>magnanimity</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e247" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e536" xml:lang="sog-x-man"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">rāt</w> (<w>rʼt</w>) <gloss><q>gift</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e258" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e547" xml:lang="sog-x-man"><w type="rec">pācrāt</w> (<w>pʼcrʼt</w>)
              <gloss><q>reward</q></gloss>
            <note type="comment">from <m type="rec">pati-rāta-</m></note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e272" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e561" xml:lang="sog-x-chr"><lang/>
            <w>pācratē</w>
            <note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(<w>pʼcrty</w> is the oblique case)</note></mentioned>
              (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Henning._BBB"/>
            <biblScope>130, 133</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Gershevitch"/>
            <biblScope>§§ 121, 674</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e293" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e582" xml:lang="sog-x-man"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">rātōx</w> (<w>rʼtwx</w>)
                <gloss><q><?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220523T160749+0300" comment="или giving?"?>bestower<?oxy_comment_end ?></q></gloss></mentioned>,
            <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e304" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e596" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
            <m>rātā-</m>, <m>rāiti-</m>
            <gloss><q>gift</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e314" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e606" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <m>rāti-</m>
            <gloss><q>benevolent</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>generous</q></gloss>,
              <gloss><q>gift</q></gloss></mentioned> from the verb <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e328" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e620" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><m>rā-</m>, <w>rāti</w>
            <gloss><q>give</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>make a present</q></gloss></mentioned>. Some
          researchers also mention <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e340" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e632" xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
            <w>aṙatʼ</w>
            <gloss><q>abundant</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>generous</q></gloss></mentioned> and
          considered it as a borrowing from Iranian (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Arm._Gr."/>
            <biblScope>107</biblScope></bibl>), other think that <w>aṙatʼ</w> is the original
          Armenian word and trace it back to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e358" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e650" xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
            <w>pro-dos</w>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Mann</author>
                <biblScope>29</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Formally and in meaning, there
          are no obstacles to trace <oRef>rædaw</oRef> as well to <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d2820e665"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e374" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e666" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
              <m type="rec">fra-dā-</m></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e380" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e672" xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
              <m>pro-dō-</m></mentioned>
            <gloss><q>give</q></gloss></mentioned>. But in this case, the Ossetic word would have to
          be torn off from the above Iranian ones, which is hardly acceptable. — <bibl><author>Ws.
              Miller</author></bibl> compared <oRef>rædaw</oRef> with <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e394" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e686" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
            <m>rādah-</m>
            <note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(according to <bibl><author>Miller</author></bibl> it means
                <gloss><q>offering</q></gloss>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e409" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e700" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <m>rādhas-</m>
            <gloss><q>mercy</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>gift</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
                <biblScope>II 88</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, and later with <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e428" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e719" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <m>vratavant-</m>
            <gloss><q>fulfilling a (religious) vow</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller_IF_21"/>, <biblScope> p.
                  330</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. — <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e444" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e735" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
            <w>rδy</w>, <w>rδδy</w>
            <gloss><q>favourable</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>fécondant</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Benveniste._TSP"/>
                <biblScope>269</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned> should be related to the
          aforementioned <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e466" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e757" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
            <m>rādah-</m></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e471" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e762" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <m>rādhas-</m></mentioned>.</etym>
      </entry>
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