<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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            <titleStmt>
                <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ævzīdun</hi></title>
            </titleStmt>
            <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
    Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
            <sourceDesc>
                <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
                        <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
                        <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
                        <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
            </sourceDesc>
        </fileDesc>
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    <tagsDecl>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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    <text>
        <body>
            <entry xml:id="entry_ævzīdun" xml:lang="os">
                <form xml:id="form_d158e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>ævzīdun</orth><form xml:id="form_d158e68" type="participle"><orth>ævzyst</orth><note type="footnote" n="1"> PUT NOTE HERE
                        </note></form></form>
                <form xml:id="form_d158e73" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>ævzedun</orth><form xml:id="form_d158e75" type="participle"><orth>ævzist</orth></form></form>
                <sense xml:id="sense_d158e78"><sense xml:id="sense_d158e79"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>замахиваться</q>
                        </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>to chop</q>
                        </abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d158e88"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>потрясать рукой или оружием</q>
                        </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>to shake hand or weapon</q>
                        </abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d158e97"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>грозить</q>
                        </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>to threaten</q>
                        </abv:tr></sense></sense>
                <abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d158e107">
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d158e109">
                        <quote>bæxmæ jæxsæj fevzysta</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>он замахнулся на коня плеткой</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>he threatened his horse with a whip</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d158e124">
                        <quote>ævzīdæg æm næj</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>у него нет стимула</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>he has no incentive</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d158e139">
                        <quote>īw jæxsy fevzīdt</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>один взмах плетки</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>one stroke of the whip</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>70</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d158e158">
                        <quote>fevzysta bæxmæ — cærgæsaw æj obawmæ sdavta jæ sawlæxag</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>он замахнулся на коня, (и) шаулох (кабардинский конь), как орел,
                                вознес его на курган</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>he threatened the horse (and) a shauloh (Kabarda horse) lifted him to
                                a burial mound, like an eagle</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>134</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d158e177" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote>de ʽvzist niwwaʒæ, wo ældar</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>оставь угрозы, о, алдар</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>leave the threat, oh Aldar</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/><biblScope>66</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d158e200" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote>kʼoxæj ævzedgæ niǧǧærtæ kænuj</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>потрясая рукой, (хан) кричит</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>(a khan) screams while shaking his hand</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/><biblScope>38</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d158e222" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote>(cærgæs) kærkbalmæ ravzedidæ</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>(орел) угрожал куриной стае</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>(an eagle) threatened a chicken flock</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Sam."/><biblScope>104</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d158e244" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                        <usg><lang/></usg>
                        <quote>ævzeduj æ tumbul kʼoxæj</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>грозит кулаком</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>[s/he] threatens with fist</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Æduli"/><biblScope>84</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                </abv:exampleGrp>
                <etym xml:lang="ru">Сращение преверба <hi rendition="#rend_italic">æv</hi>- (из <hi rendition="#rend_italic">abī</hi> или <hi rendition="#rend_italic">apa</hi>) с основой
                    <hi rendition="#rend_italic">zīd</hi>- | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">zed</hi>-, cр. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d158e388" xml:id="mentioned_d158e269" xml:lang="srh"><lang/>
                        <w>ba-zéid-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d158e393" xml:id="mentioned_d158e274" xml:lang="srh"><w>bi-zéid-</w>
                        <gloss><q>ударять</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d158e399" xml:id="mentioned_d158e280" xml:lang="srh"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>толкать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d158e405" xml:id="mentioned_d158e286" xml:lang="srh"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>попадать в цель</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Tomaschek"/><biblScope>887</biblScope></bibl>); вероятно, к
                        <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d158e416" xml:id="mentioned_d158e297" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
                        <w>zi-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d158e421" xml:id="mentioned_d158e302" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
                        <w>hi-</w>
                        <gloss><q>погонять</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d158e429" xml:id="mentioned_d158e310" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>толкать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d158e435" xml:id="mentioned_d158e316" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>метать</q></gloss></mentioned> и пр., причем в осетинском основа
                    прош. причастия (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d158e441" xml:id="mentioned_d158e322" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
                        <w>zita-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d158e446" xml:id="mentioned_d158e327" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
                        <w>hita-</w></mentioned>) была взята за основу наст, времени; ср. в этом
                    отношении <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūdyn"/>. От корня <hi rendition="#rend_italic">zi</hi>-, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">hi</hi>-
                    образован в иранском и древнеиндийском ряд слов, по семантике тесно примыкающих
                    к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d158e454" xml:id="mentioned_d158e335" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
                        <w>ævzīdyn</w></mentioned>: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d158e459" xml:id="mentioned_d158e340" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
                        <w>zaena-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d158e464" xml:id="mentioned_d158e345" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
                        <w>zēn</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d158e469" xml:id="mentioned_d158e350" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
                        <w>zīn</w>
                        <gloss><q>оружие</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d158e477" xml:id="mentioned_d158e358" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
                        <w>heti-</w>
                        <gloss><q>метательное оружие</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d158e486" xml:id="mentioned_d158e367" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>hetú</w>
                        <gloss><q>побуждение</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>стимул</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d158e497" xml:id="mentioned_d158e376" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>hetṛ-</w>
                        <gloss><q>погонщик лошадей</q></gloss></mentioned> и др. Связь с <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sīdyn"/> ‘призывать’ невероятна как по необычности
                    перехода <hi rendition="#rend_italic">s</hi> → <hi rendition="#rend_italic">z</hi> и различию форм прош. основы (sīdt, ævzyst), так и по
                    семантической отдаленности.</etym>
                <etym xml:lang="en">The fusion of the preverb <hi rendition="#rend_italic">æv</hi>- (from <hi rendition="#rend_italic">abī</hi> or <hi rendition="#rend_italic">apa</hi>) with
                    the stem <hi rendition="#rend_italic">zīd</hi>- | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">zed</hi>-, cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d158e269" xml:id="mentioned_d158e388" xml:lang="srh"><lang/>
                        <w>ba-zéid-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d158e274" xml:id="mentioned_d158e393" xml:lang="srh"><w>bi-zéid-</w>
                        <gloss><q>to hit</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d158e280" xml:id="mentioned_d158e399" xml:lang="srh"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>to push</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d158e286" xml:id="mentioned_d158e405" xml:lang="srh"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>to hit the target</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Tomaschek"/><biblScope>887</biblScope></bibl>); probably,
                    it traces back to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d158e297" xml:id="mentioned_d158e416" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
                        <w>zi-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d158e302" xml:id="mentioned_d158e421" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
                        <w>hi-</w>
                        <gloss><q>to chase</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d158e310" xml:id="mentioned_d158e429" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>to push</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d158e316" xml:id="mentioned_d158e435" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w/>
                        <gloss><q>to throw</q></gloss></mentioned> etc., moreover, in Ossetic the
                    stem of a past participle form (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d158e322" xml:id="mentioned_d158e441" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
                        <w>zita-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d158e327" xml:id="mentioned_d158e446" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
                        <w>hita-</w></mentioned>) was taken as a present tense stem; cf. in this
                    relation <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūdyn"/>. A range of Iranian and %bOld
                    Indian%b words is derived from the root <hi rendition="#rend_italic">zi</hi>-, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">hi</hi>-; these words are
                    semantically very close to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d158e335" xml:id="mentioned_d158e454" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
                        <w>ævzīdyn</w></mentioned>: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d158e340" xml:id="mentioned_d158e459" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
                        <w>zaena-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d158e345" xml:id="mentioned_d158e464" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
                        <w>zēn</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d158e350" xml:id="mentioned_d158e469" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
                        <w>zīn</w>
                        <gloss><q>weapon</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d158e358" xml:id="mentioned_d158e477" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
                        <w>heti-</w>
                        <gloss><q>throwing weapon</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d158e367" xml:id="mentioned_d158e486" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
                        <w>hetú</w>
                        <gloss><q>motive</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>incitement</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d158e376" xml:id="mentioned_d158e497" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>hetṛ-</w>
                        <gloss><q>horse driver</q></gloss></mentioned> etc. The connection with <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sīdyn"/> ‘to urge’ is unreal because of both an
                    unusual transposition <hi rendition="#rend_italic">s</hi> → <hi rendition="#rend_italic">z</hi> and the difference between forms of past
                    tense (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">sīdt</hi>, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ævzyst</hi>), and because of semantic distance.</etym>
                <note type="footnote" xml:lang="ru" n="1">У поэта <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Коста</hi> встречается также форма
                    <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ævzidt</hi>.</note>
                <note type="footnote" xml:lang="en" n="1">In the work of the poet <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Kosta</hi> one also
                    encounters the form <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ævzidt</hi>.</note>
            </entry>
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