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      <titleStmt>
        <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">sæn</hi></title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
    Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
            <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
            <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
      </sourceDesc>
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        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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      <entry xml:id="entry_sæn" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
        <form xml:id="form_d495e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>sæn</orth></form>
        <form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>sænæ</orth></form>
        <sense xml:id="sense_d495e69">
          <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
            <q>вино</q>
          </abv:tr>
          <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
            <q>wine</q>
          </abv:tr>
        </sense>
        <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sænæfsīr"><w>sænæfsīr</w>
            <gloss><q>виноград</q></gloss></ref>; <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sændon"><w>sændon</w>
            <gloss><q>виноградник</q></gloss></ref>; <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sændūcæn"><w>sændūcæn</w>
            <gloss><q>давильня</q></gloss></ref>; <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sændūcæg"><w>sændūcæg</w>
            <gloss><q>винодел</q></gloss></ref></note>
        <note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sænæfsīr"><w>sænæfsīr</w>
            <gloss><q>grape</q></gloss></ref>; <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sændon"><w>sændon</w>
            <gloss><q>vineyard</q></gloss></ref>; <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sændūcæn"><w>sændūcæn</w>
            <gloss><q>winepress</q></gloss></ref>; <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sændūcæg"><w>sændūcæg</w>
            <gloss><q>winemaker</q></gloss></ref></note>
        <exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">kalync fyrik fæjnærdæm saw bægæny ’mæ syrx
                <oRef>sæn</oRef></quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">изливают пену во все стороны черное пиво и
                красное вино</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">black beer and red wine are splashing foam in
                all directions</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><author>Kʼubalty A.</author>
              <title>Alǧ˳yzy k˳yvd</title></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">syrx kʼaxettag <oRef>sænīmæ</oRef> jæ tūg jæ
              zærdæjy yssyǧd</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">вместе с красным кахетинским вином кровь
                вскипела (<q>загорелась</q>) в его сердце</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the blood boiled (<q>burned</q>) in his heart
                together with red Kakhetian wine</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Bar."/>
              <biblScope>31</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dony bæsty <oRef>sæn</oRef> banaz... mojy
              bæsty mæn bawarz</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">вместо воды выпей вина ... вместо мужа полюби
                меня</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">drink wine instead of water ... love me instead
                of the husband</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОТ"/>
              <biblScope>41</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">næ sæm fædæn <oRef>sæny</oRef> qæstæ</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">я у них не испробовал вина</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I haven't tried their wine</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
              <biblScope>40</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">nom yskænyny oxyl yskodtoj syǧdæg cæxǵyn
              fæxsyntæj æmæ <oRef>sænæj</oRef> xærnæg</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">чтобы сделать себе имя, они справили тризну из
                одних только соленых бараньих туш и вина</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">in order to make a name for themselves, they
                provided a funeral fest with only salted ovine carcasses and wine</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
              <biblScope>151</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">næ kænync nog <oRef>sæn</oRef> zærond
              lalymty</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">не вливают вина молодого в мехи ветхие</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">neither do men pour new wine into old
                wineskins</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Матфей"/>
              <biblScope><hi rendition="#rend_italic">9</hi> 17</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">wydīs ḱynʒæxsæv Galilejag Kanæjy... æmæ syn
                <oRef>sæn</oRef> k˳y ne ’sfag ī, wæd Jesojy mad zæǧy ūmæn: <oRef>sæn</oRef> sæm
              næj</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">был брак в Кане Галилейской... и как
                недоставало вина, то Матерь Иисуса говорит ему: вина нет у них</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">there was a wedding at Cana in Galilee...when
                the wine ran out, the mother of Jesus said to him: they have no wine</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Иоанн"/>
              <biblScope><hi rendition="#rend_italic">2</hi> 1, 3</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
        </exampleGrp>
        <etym xml:lang="ru">Некоторые античные свидетельства позволяют с уверенностью возводить
          слово <oRef/> по меньшей мере к скифскому времени. Лексикограф <name>Гесихий</name>
          приводит <mentioned xml:lang="xsc"><lang/>
            <w>σαναπτις</w></mentioned> как эквивалент <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
            <w>oίνοπότης</w>
            <gloss><q>пьяница</q></gloss>, буквально <gloss><q>винопийца</q></gloss></mentioned>. Во
          второй части обоих слов (<mentioned xml:lang="xsc"><m>-πτις</m></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><m>ποτης</m></mentioned>) имеем производные от индоевропейского корня
            <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><m type="rec">pōi-</m>, <w>pī-</w>
            <gloss><q>пить</q></gloss></mentioned>. Стало быть, <mentioned xml:lang="xsc"><lang/>
            <w>sana</w></mentioned> соответствует <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
            <w>oīνος</w>
            <gloss><q>вино</q></gloss></mentioned>. <name>Андрон Теосский</name> сообщает: <quote><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Одна амазонка бежала на берег Понта и вышла замуж за
              царя; так как она пила много вина, ее прозвали <mentioned xml:lang="txh"><w>Σαναπη</w>
                <gloss><q>пьяницей</q></gloss></mentioned>, так как пьяные женщины называются у
              фракийцев <mentioned xml:lang="txh"><w>σαναπας</w></mentioned></q></quote> [см.
              <bibl><title>схолии к <name>Аполлонию Родосскому</name></title> (<biblScope>II
              948</biblScope>)</bibl>: <quote><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">oἰ μέθυσοι σανὰπαι
              λέγανται παρὰ Θραξί</q></quote>]. То, что в одном случае слово приписывается скифам, в
          другом — фракийцам, можно объяснять двояко: либо <mentioned xml:lang="xsc"><w>sana</w></mentioned> было общим скифо-фракийским названием вина, либо греческие
          авторы не всегда четко различали скифов и фракийцев, бывших близкими соседями. Известно,
          что амазонки связывались в античной традиции со скифо-сарматским, а не фракийским миром.
          Кроме того, есть основания предполагать, что во фракийском было другое название вина,
          примыкающее к арм. <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><w>gini</w></mentioned> и европейским
          названиям этого напитка (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Schrader"/>
            <biblScope>II 642</biblScope></bibl>). Все это дает право прикрепить термин <mentioned xml:lang="xsc"><w>sana</w></mentioned> к скифской почве. Реалии также не препятствуют
          этому. Вино, наряду с медовым напитком (см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_rong"/>) и пивом
          (см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ælūton"/>), было хорошо известно далеким предкам
          осетин. <quote><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Вино... по-видимому, прочно вошло в быт
              скифов. Они пили вино цельное, в отличие от греков, которые разбавляли его водой.
                  <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Пить вино по-скифски</q></gloss> означало
              у греков пить вино неразбавленное. Когда грек хотел выпить цельное вино, он говорил:
                  <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">подскифь мне</q></gloss>. Довольно частые
              находки амфор, служивших тарой для вина, в курганах, а иногда и в рядовых погребениях,
              говорят о широком его ввозе</q></quote> (<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Анфимов</author>.
              <title>Древние поселения Прикубанья</title>. <pubPlace>Краснодар</pubPlace>,
              <date>1953</date>, <biblScope>стр. 64</biblScope></bibl>). Название
          вина распознается в скифском имени из Ольвии <mentioned xml:lang="xsc"><w>Σαναγοσ</w></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Латышев"/>
            <biblScope>I 75</biblScope></bibl>), образованном от <mentioned xml:lang="xsc"><w>san(a)</w>
            <gloss><q>вино</q></gloss></mentioned>, как <mentioned xml:lang="xsc">
            <w>’Aλουθαγοσ</w> от <w>aλυθ</w>
            <gloss><q>пиво</q></gloss><note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
                <biblScope>153</biblScope></bibl>)</note> или <w>Hōmak</w> от <w>hōm</w>
              (<w>hauma-</w>) название хмельного напитка <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Justi"/>
                <biblScope>130</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>.<note xml:lang="ru" type="footnote">Для <name>Weber</name>’а наше толкование имени <mentioned xml:lang="xsc"><w>Σαναγοσ</w></mentioned> почему-то осталось <quote><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">unverstandlich</q></quote>. Он считает это имя
            сокращенной формой имени <mentioned xml:lang="xsc"><w>Σανδαρξιος</w></mentioned>,
            засвидетельствованного на другом конце скифского мира, в Танаиде, и усматривает в нем
            слово <mentioned xml:lang="xsc"><w type="rec">sāna-</w>
              <gloss><q>враг</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><title>Die Sprache</title>
              <biblScope>1966 XII 92—93</biblScope></bibl>).</note> Такие имена могли даваться в
          связи с культовой ролью данных напитков. Этимологически <name>Uhlenbeck</name>,
            <name>Schrader</name> и <name>Petersson</name> связывают <mentioned xml:lang="xsc"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">sana</w></mentioned>, ос. <oRef/> | <oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">sænæ</oRef> с <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <w>ṡaṇa</w>
            <gloss><q>конопля</q></gloss></mentioned>, имея в виду, что вино было у скифов
          преемником другого хмельного напитка, изготовлявшегося из конопли. В этом случае <oRef/>
          <gloss><q>вино</q></gloss> и <ref type="xr" target="#entry_gæn"/>
          <gloss><q>конопля</q></gloss> оказываются этимологически идентичными, но только первое
          оформлено по норме satəm, а второе по норме kentum. — Скифское название вина
          распространилось по всему северо-западному Кавказу и отчасти Дагестану: <mentioned xml:lang="uby"><lang/>
            <w>s˳anə</w>
            <gloss><q>мед</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Vogt"/>
            <biblScope>178</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="ady-x-shpsg"><lang/>
            <w>sänä</w>
            <gloss><q>виноград</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl xml:lang="ru"><biblScope>сообщение
                <name>Г. Ф. Турчанинова</name></biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="ady"><lang/>
            <w>sanä</w>
            <gloss><q>вино</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kbd"><lang/>
            <w>sanä</w> название какого-то хмельного напитка в фольклоре<note xml:lang="ru" type="footnote">По <name>Лопатинскому</name>
              <gloss><q>вино</q></gloss>, а также <gloss><q>смородина</q></gloss> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СМК"/>
                <biblScope>XII 17 155</biblScope></bibl>).</note></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Шагиров"/>
            <biblScope xml:lang="ru">197 прим.</biblScope></bibl>); в Дагестане — <mentioned xml:lang="aqc"><lang/>
            <w><w>čon</w></w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ani"><lang/> žono</mentioned>,
            <mentioned xml:lang="tin"><lang/>
            <w>ǯana</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kva"><lang/>
            <w>žana</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="gdo"><lang/>
            <w>žana</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="bph"><lang/>
            <w>žana</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kap"><lang/>
            <w>ža</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="khv"><lang/>
            <w>ša</w></mentioned>.<note xml:lang="ru" type="footnote">Приводимое Вс.
              <name>Миллером</name> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/>
              <biblScope>10</biblScope></bibl>) абх. <mentioned xml:lang="ab"><w>zana</w>,
                <w>sana</w></mentioned> нам не известно.</note> — Ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_rong"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ælūton"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bægæny"/>. <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Tomaschek</author>,
              <title>Zeitschrift österreich</title>. <pubPlace>Gymn</pubPlace>. <biblScope>1875 XXVI
              526</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Вс. Миллер</author>,
              <title>ЖМНП</title>
            <date>1886, окт.</date>, <biblScope>стр. 256</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Uhlenbeck"/>
            <biblScope>301—302</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Vasmer._Ir._i._S."/>
            <biblScope>50</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Schrader"/>
            <biblScope>I 441</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Loewenthal</author>,
              <title>WuS</title>
            <biblScope>IX 181</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
            <biblScope>88, 106, 180, 198</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Гаглоев</author>,
              <title>Изв. Юго-Осет. научно-исслед. инст.</title>
            <date>1965</date>
            <biblScope>XIV 90—92</biblScope></bibl>. <bibl><author>Dumézil</author>. <title><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Vin</q> et <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">bière</q> dans deux noms propres scythiques</title>. <publisher>Festschrift J.
              Pokorny</publisher>, <pubPlace>Innsbruck</pubPlace>, <date>1968</date>, <biblScope xml:lang="ru">стр. 29—30</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Petersson</author>. <title>Studien über die
              indogermanische Heteroklisie</title>. <pubPlace>Lund</pubPlace>, <date>1921</date>,
              <biblScope xml:lang="ru">стр. 152</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
        <etym xml:lang="en">Some antique evidence allow one to trace the word <oRef/> at least to
          Scythian times. The lexicographer <name>Hesychius</name> notes <mentioned xml:lang="xsc"><lang/>
            <w>σαναπτις</w></mentioned> as an equivalent of <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
            <w>oίνοπότης</w>
            <gloss><q>drunk</q></gloss>, literally <gloss><q>wine drinker</q></gloss></mentioned>.
          The second parts of the both words (<mentioned xml:lang="xsc"><m>-πτις</m></mentioned>,
            <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><m>ποτης</m></mentioned>) are the derivatives from the
          Indo-European root <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><m type="rec">pōi-</m>, <w>pī-</w>
            <gloss><q>drink</q></gloss></mentioned>. Therefore, <mentioned xml:lang="xsc"><lang/>
            <w>sana</w></mentioned> corresponds to <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
            <w>oīνος</w>
            <gloss><q>wine</q></gloss></mentioned>. <name>Andron of Teos</name> reports: <quote><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">One amazon fled to the bank of the Pontus and married
              the king; she drank so much wine that she was called <mentioned xml:lang="txh"><w>Σαναπη</w>
                <gloss><q>drunk</q></gloss></mentioned> because drunk women are called <mentioned xml:lang="txh"><w>σαναπας</w></mentioned> among the Thracians</q></quote> [see
              <bibl><title>sxolii k <name>Apolloniju Rodosskomu</name></title> [The Scholia to Apollonius of
              Rhodes] (<biblScope>II 948</biblScope>)</bibl>: <quote><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">oἰ μέθυσοι σανὰπαι λέγανται παρὰ Θραξί</q></quote>].
          The fact that in one case this word is attributed to Scythians and in the other case to
          the Thracians may be explained in two ways: either <mentioned xml:lang="xsc"><w>sana</w></mentioned> was a general Scythian-Sarmatian name of wine, or Greek authors
          didn't always clearly distinguish between Scythians and Thracians who were close
          neighbors. It is known that amazons were connected in the antique tradition with the
          Scythian-Sarmatian and not with the Thracian world. In addition, there is evidence to
          suppose that there was the other name for wine in Thracian, which was close to Armenian
            <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><w>gini</w></mentioned> and to the European names of this
          drink (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Schrader"/>
            <biblScope>II 642</biblScope></bibl>). That all gives the right to attribute the term
            <mentioned xml:lang="xsc"><w>sana</w></mentioned> to the Scythian ground. The realities
          also don't prevent this. Wine, along with drink made from honey (see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_rong"/>) and beer (see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ælūton"/>), was
          well-known to the Ossetians' distant ancestors.<quote><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Wine... apparently, firmly entered the life of Scythians. They drank undiluted wine,
              unlike Greeks, who mixed wine with water. <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Drink wine in a Scythian way</q></gloss> meaned among Greeks to drink undiluted
              wine. When a Greek wanted to drink undiluted wine, he said: <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">pour me wine like a Scythian</q></gloss>. Quite
              frequent findings of amphorae, which served as containers for wine, in mounds and
              sometimes also in ordinary burials tell about its wide importation</q></quote> (<bibl xml:lang="en"><author>Anfimov</author>. <title>Drevnie poselenija Prikubanja</title> [The
              ancient settlements of Kuban region]. <pubPlace>Krasnodar</pubPlace>,
              <date>1953</date>, <biblScope>p. 64</biblScope></bibl>). The name of wine is
          recognized in the Scythian name from Pontic Olbia <mentioned xml:lang="xsc"><w>Σαναγοσ</w></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Латышев"/>
            <biblScope>I 75</biblScope></bibl>), derived from <mentioned xml:lang="xsc"><w>san(a)</w>
            <gloss><q>wine</q></gloss></mentioned>, as<mentioned xml:lang="xsc">
            <w>’Aλουθαγοσ</w> from <w>aλυθ</w>
            <gloss><q>beer</q></gloss><note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
                <biblScope>153</biblScope></bibl>)</note> or <w>Hōmak</w> from <w>hōm</w>
              (<w>hauma-</w>) the name of the heady drink <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Justi"/>
                <biblScope>130</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>.<note type="footnote">For
              <name>Weber</name> our interpretation of the name <mentioned xml:lang="xsc"><w>Σαναγοσ</w></mentioned> somehow remained <quote><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">unverstandlich</q></quote>. He considers this name to
            be a shortened form of the name <mentioned xml:lang="xsc"><w>Σανδαρξιος</w></mentioned>,
            attested on the other end of the Scythian world, in Thailand, and sees the word
              <mentioned xml:lang="xsc"><w type="rec">sāna-</w>
              <gloss><q>enemy</q></gloss></mentioned> in it (<bibl><title>Die Sprache</title>
              <biblScope>1966 XII 92—93</biblScope></bibl>).</note> Such names could be given
          according to the cult role of these drinks. <name>Uhlenbeck</name>, <name>Schrader</name>
          and <name>Petersson</name> associate <mentioned xml:lang="xsc"><lang/><w type="rec">sana</w></mentioned>, Ossetic <oRef/> | <oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">sænæ</oRef>
          etymologically with <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <w>ṡaṇa</w>
            <gloss><q>cannabis</q></gloss></mentioned>, meaning that wine was among Scythians a
          successor of another heady drink made from cannabis. In this case <oRef/>
          <gloss><q>wine</q></gloss> and <ref type="xr" target="#entry_gæn"/>
          <gloss><q>cannabis</q></gloss> turn out to be etymologically identical, but the first one
          is in accordance with the satem norm, whereas the second one with the centum norm. —
          Scythian name of wine spread to all the North-Western Caucasus and partly to Daghestan:
            <mentioned xml:lang="uby"><lang/>
            <w>s˳anə</w>
            <gloss><q>honey</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Vogt"/>
            <biblScope>178</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="ady-x-shpsg"><lang/>
            <w>sänä</w>
            <gloss><q>grapes</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl xml:lang="en"><biblScope>message of
                <name>G. F. Turchaninov</name></biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="ady"><lang/>
            <w>sanä</w>
            <gloss><q>wine</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kbd"><lang/>
            <w>sanä</w> name of an unknown heady drink in the folklore<note xml:lang="en" type="footnote">According to <name>Lopatinskij</name>, it is
              <gloss><q>wine</q></gloss>, and also <gloss><q>currant </q></gloss> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СМК"/>
                <biblScope>XII <hi rendition="#rend_italic">17</hi>
            155</biblScope></bibl>).</note></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Шагиров"/>
            <biblScope xml:lang="en">197 note</biblScope></bibl>); in Daghestan — <mentioned xml:lang="aqc"><lang/>
            <w><w>čon</w></w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ani"><lang/> žono</mentioned>,
            <mentioned xml:lang="tin"><lang/>
            <w>ǯana</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kva"><lang/>
            <w>žana</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="gdo"><lang/>
            <w>žana</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="bph"><lang/>
            <w>žana</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kap"><lang/>
            <w>ža</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="khv"><lang/>
            <w>ša</w></mentioned>.<note type="footnote">The Abkhaz word <mentioned xml:lang="ab"><w>zana</w>, <w>sana</w></mentioned> noted by Ws. <name>Miller</name> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/>
              <biblScope>10</biblScope></bibl>) is unknown to us.</note> — Cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_rong"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ælūton"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bægæny"/>. <bibl xml:lang="en"><author>Tomaschek</author>,
              <title>Zeitschrift österreich</title>. <pubPlace>Gymn</pubPlace>. <biblScope>1875 XXVI
              526</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl xml:lang="en"><author>Ws. Miller</author>,
              <title>ŽMNP</title>
            <date>1886, October</date>, <biblScope>p. 256</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Uhlenbeck"/>
            <biblScope>301—302</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Vasmer._Ir._i._S."/>
            <biblScope>50</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Schrader"/>
            <biblScope>I 441</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Loewenthal</author>,
              <title>WuS</title>
            <biblScope>IX 181</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
            <biblScope>88, 106, 180, 198</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Gagloev</author>,
              <title>Izv. Jugo-Oset. naučno-issled. inst.</title>
            <date>1965</date>
            <biblScope>XIV 90—92</biblScope></bibl>. <bibl><author>Dumézil</author>. <title><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Vin</q> et <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">bière</q> dans deux noms propres scythiques</title>. <publisher>Festschrift J.
              Pokorny</publisher>, <pubPlace>Innsbruck</pubPlace>, <date>1968</date>, <biblScope xml:lang="en">p. 29—30</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Petersson</author>.
              <title>Studien über die indogermanische Heteroklisie</title>.
              <pubPlace>Lund</pubPlace>, <date>1921</date>, <biblScope xml:lang="en">p.
              152</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
      </entry>
    </body>
  </text>
</TEI>