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      <titleStmt>
        <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">x˳ynkʼ</hi></title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
        Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
          <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
          <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
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      <tagsDecl>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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  <text>
    <body>
      <entry xml:id="entry_x0ynkʼ" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
        <form xml:id="form_d1637e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>x˳ynkʼ</orth></form>
        <form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>xunkʼæ</orth></form>
        <sense>
          <sense xml:id="sense_d1637e69">
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>дыра</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>hole</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
          <sense>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>отверстие</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>aperture</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
          <sense>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>нора</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>covert</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
          <sense>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>берлога</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>lair</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
          <sense>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>норка</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>burrow</q>
            </abv:tr>
          </sense>
          <sense>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>σχίσμα</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>σχίσμα</q>
            </abv:tr>
            <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (в переводе Евангелия)</note>
            <note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (in the translation of the Gospel)</note>
          </sense>
        </sense>
        <re>
          <form type="lemma"><orth>fynʒy x˳ynkʼ</orth></form>
          <sense>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ноздря</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">nostril</q>
            </tr>
          </sense>
        </re>
        <re>
          <form type="lemma"><orth>mysty x˳ynkʼ</orth></form>
          <sense>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">мышиная норка</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mousehole</q>
            </tr>
          </sense>
        </re>
        <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cʼass" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
            <w>cʼassæ</w> id.</ref>, реже <oRef>xunkʼæ</oRef></note>
        <note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cʼass" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
            <w>cʼassæ</w> id.</ref>, less frequently <oRef>xunkʼæ</oRef></note>
        <exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Azaw Dysamæ dwary <oRef>x˳ynkʼæj</oRef>
              bakast</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Азау посмотрела на Дысу через дверное
                отверстие</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Azaw looked at Dysa through the door hole</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
              <biblScope>50</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">zymæg k˳y ‘rcæwy, ars jæ x˳ynḱʼy wæd
              bacæwy</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">когда наступает зима, тогда медведь влезает в
                свою берлогу</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">when winter comes, then the bear climbs into
                its lair</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОТ"/>
              <biblScope>715</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dywwæ arsy īw <oRef>x˳ynḱʼy</oRef> næ
              bafīdawʒysty</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">два медведя не уживутся в одной берлоге</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">two bears cannot get along in the same den</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОТ"/>
              <biblScope>14</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">de ‘vzag dojnag dūr dær ax˳ynkʼ
              kænʒæn</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">твой язык просверлит даже булыжник</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">your tongue will drill through even a
                cobblestone</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
              <biblScope>1957 III 58</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mysty x˳ynkʼ tumanæj agūry</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">он ищет мышиную нору за <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tuman">туман</ref> (10 рублей)</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he is looking for a mouse hole for a <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tuman">toman</ref> (10 rubles)</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><biblScope>about a man frantically looking for
                somewhere to hide</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æ fur tæssæj ænæzmælgæ sird nincʼuldæj xunkʼi
              arf</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">от страха недвижимо зверь свернулся глубоко в
                норе</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">for fear the beast curled up deep in a hole
                motionless</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
              <biblScope>58</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">finʒi xunkʼitæ sigit æma zmesæj bajʒag
              æncæ</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ноздри были забиты землей и песком</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">nostrils were clogged with earth and sand</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
              <biblScope>130</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
        </exampleGrp>
        <etym xml:lang="ru">Ср. <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
            <w>xung</w>
            <gloss><q>угол</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Ягелло"/>
                <biblScope>597</biblScope></bibl>)</note>, <w>kunǰ</w>
            <gloss><q>угол</q>, <q>уголок</q>, <q>закоулок</q>, <q>убежище</q>, <q>нора</q>,
                <q>пещера</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Ягелло"/>
                <biblScope>1276</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="tg-x-dial"><lang>тадж. (диал. Варзоб)</lang>
            <w>ᶍung</w>
            <gloss><q>шалаш в поле, где отдыхают жнецы</q></gloss>
            <note type="comment">(<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">убежище</q></gloss>)</note>
            <note type="comment">(сообщение <name>Неменовой</name>)</note></mentioned>,
                <mentioned><mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
                <w>kūn</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
                <w>kun</w>, <w>kunik</w></mentioned>
              <gloss><q>угол</q>, <q>дыра</q></gloss></mentioned>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bedir_Xan"/></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
            <w>xuca</w>
            <gloss><q>дыра</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
            <w>xank</w>
            <gloss><q>сито для крупного отсева</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
            <w>khūṇā-</w>, <w>khuṇaka</w>
            <gloss><q>дыра</q>, <q>нора</q></gloss></mentioned>. Исходную модель можно было бы
          восстановить в виде <w type="rec">(s)kunoko-</w>, имея в виду индоевропейскую базу
            <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">(s)keu-</w>, <w type="rec">(s)ku-</w>
            <gloss><q>скрывать</q>, <q>скрытое место</q>, <q>углубление</q> и пр.</gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
                <biblScope>951</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Но созвучные слова с такими
          же значениями имеются в неродственных языках, и это наводит на мысль об идеофонической
          (звукопзобразительной) природе; ср. <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
              <w>qunqul</w>, <w>qongul</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="mn"><lang/>
              <w>konkor</w>, <w>qongil</w>, <w>xongil</w></mentioned>
            <gloss><q>впадина</q>, <q>углубление</q></gloss></mentioned>,
                <mentioned><?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230507T204730+0300" comment="NB"?><mentioned><lang>юрак-самоед.</lang>
              <w>xink</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?>, <mentioned xml:lang="kca"><lang/>
              <w>könkəl</w></mentioned>
            <gloss><q>углубление</q>, <q>яма</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fi"><lang/>
            <w>konkelo</w>
            <gloss><q>дупло</q></gloss> и др. <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Joki"/>
                <biblScope>211</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._Asica"/>
            <biblScope>34—35</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._Saka_Dictionary">Saka Dictionary</ref>
            <biblScope>75</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
        <etym xml:lang="en">Cf. <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
            <w>xung</w>
            <gloss><q>corner</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Ягелло"/>
                <biblScope>597</biblScope></bibl>)</note>, <w>kunǰ</w>
            <gloss><q>corner</q>, <q>nook</q>, <q>lane</q>, <q>asylum</q>, <q>hole</q>,
              <q>cave</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Ягелло"/>
                <biblScope>1276</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="tg-x-dial"><lang>Tajik (Varzob dialect)</lang>
            <w>ᶍung</w>
            <gloss><q>a hut in the field where the reapers rest</q></gloss>
            <note type="comment">(<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">asylum</q></gloss>)</note>
            <note type="comment">(<name>Nemenovaya</name>’s message)</note></mentioned>,
                <mentioned><mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
                <w>kūn</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
                <w>kun</w>, <w>kunik</w></mentioned>
              <gloss><q>corner</q>, <q>covert</q></gloss></mentioned>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bedir_Xan"/></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
            <w>xuca</w>
            <gloss><q>hole</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
            <w>xank</w>
            <gloss><q>coarse sieve</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
            <w>khūṇā-</w>, <w>khuṇaka</w>
            <gloss><q>hole</q>, <q>covert</q></gloss></mentioned>. The original model could be
          restored in the form <w type="rec">(s)kunoko-</w>, meaning the Indo-European stem
            <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">(s)keu-</w>, <w type="rec">(s)ku-</w>
            <gloss><q>cover</q>, <q>a hidden place</q>, <q>hollow</q> etc.</gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
                <biblScope>951</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. But consonant words with the
          same meanings are found in unrelated languages, and this suggests an ideophonic nature;
          cf. <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
              <w>qunqul</w>, <w>qongul</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="mn"><lang/>
              <w>konkor</w>, <w>qongil</w>, <w>xongil</w></mentioned>
            <gloss><q>cavity</q>, <q>hollow</q></gloss></mentioned>,
                <mentioned><?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230507T204730+0300" comment="NB"?><mentioned><lang>юрак-самоед.</lang>
              <w>xink</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?>, <mentioned xml:lang="kca"><lang/>
              <w>könkəl</w></mentioned>
            <gloss><q>hollow</q>, <q>hole</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fi"><lang/>
            <w>konkelo</w>
            <gloss><q>knothole</q></gloss> etc. <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Joki"/>
                <biblScope>211</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._Asica"/>
            <biblScope>34—35</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._Saka_Dictionary">Saka Dictionary</ref>
            <biblScope>75</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
      </entry>
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