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      <titleStmt>
        <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">raǧ</hi></title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
    Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
            <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
            <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
      </sourceDesc>
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        <rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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    <body>
      <entry xml:id="entry_raǧ" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
        <form xml:id="form_d3688e66" type="lemma"><orth>raǧ</orth></form>
        <sense xml:id="sense_d3688e69" n="1"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
            <q>спина</q>
          </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
            <q>back</q>
          </abv:tr></sense>
        <sense xml:id="sense_d3688e79" n="2"><sense xml:id="sense_d3688e80"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>гребень горы</q>
            </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>mountain crest</q>
            </abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d3688e89"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q>горный хребет</q>
            </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
              <q>mountain range</q>
            </abv:tr></sense></sense>
        <re xml:id="re_d3688e99">
          <form xml:id="form_d3688e101" type="lemma"><orth>zænǵy raǧ</orth></form>
          <sense xml:id="sense_d3688e104"><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">передняя сторона ноги</q>
            </tr><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">front side of the leg</q>
            </tr></sense>
          <note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Munk."/>
              <biblScope>35</biblScope></bibl>)</note>
        </re>
        <re xml:id="re_d3688e125">
          <form xml:id="form_d3688e127" type="lemma"><orth>fynǵy raǧyl</orth></form>
          <sense xml:id="sense_d3688e130"><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">за столом</q>
            </tr><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">at the table</q>
            </tr></sense>
          <note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
              <biblScope>1940 II 89</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
              <biblScope>108</biblScope></bibl>)</note>
        </re>
        <re xml:id="re_d3688e157">
          <form xml:id="form_d3688e159" type="lemma"><orth>raǧxæld</orth></form>
          <sense xml:id="sense_d3688e162"><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">с поврежденной, растертой спиной</q>
            </tr><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">with a damagged, rubbed back</q>
            </tr><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (о лошади, осле)</note><note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (about a horse or a donkey)</note></sense>
          <note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Arsen"/>
              <biblScope>50</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
              <biblScope>1957 I 9</biblScope></bibl>)</note>
        </re>
        <re xml:id="re_d3688e192">
          <form xml:id="form_d3688e194" type="lemma"><orth>raǧbæddæn</orth><form xml:id="form_d3688e196" type="variant"><orth><?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220217T155921+0300" comment="сделать другой вариант формы"?>raǧgærz<?oxy_comment_end ?></orth></form></form>
          <sense xml:id="sense_d3688e202"><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">чересседельник</q>
            </tr><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ridge band</q>
            </tr></sense>
        </re>
        <re xml:id="re_d3688e215">
          <form xml:id="form_d3688e217" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>raǧqæd</orth></form>
          <form xml:id="form_d3688e220" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>raǧiǧædæ</orth></form>
          <sense xml:id="sense_d3688e223"><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">верхняя балка</q>
            </tr><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">upper beam</q>
            </tr></sense>
        </re>
        <exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d3688e236" n="1">
          <example xml:id="example_d3688e238">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">je <oRef>raǧy</oRef> nwærttyl ratūl-batūl
              kæny</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">он катается на спине (<q>на жилах
                спины</q>)</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he rides on the
                <?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220523T191615+0300" comment="?"?>back<?oxy_comment_end ?>
                  (<q>on the veins of the back</q>)</q>
            </tr>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d3688e266">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">cy jæm wyd fosæj? īw xæræg, ūmæn dær je
                <oRef>raǧ</oRef> xæld</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">что у него было из домашнего скота? один осел,
                и у того спина растертая</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">what kind of livestock did he have? one donkey,
                and even that one has a rubbed back</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/>
              <biblScope>138</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d3688e291">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">kæd mæ næ bafynæj kænaj, wæd dyn de
                <oRef>raǧæj</oRef> ærtæ gærzy rawaʒʒynæn</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">если ты меня не усыпишь, то я спущу с твоей
                спины три ремня</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">If you do not put me to sleep, I will take three
                straps off your back</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
              <biblScope>116</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d3688e316">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">me raǧæj sīs raton</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">вырви перо из моей спины</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">rip the feather out of my back</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Munk."/>
              <biblScope>66, 92</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d3688e339" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>raǧæn</oRef> ræwæg</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">легкая для спины (ноша)</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">an easy (burden) for the back</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
              <biblScope>13</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d3688e367" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">korun di, æma min dæxe bæxi
                <oRef>raǧbæl</oRef> fæjjinun kænæ</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">прошу тебя, покажись мне на спине коня
                (верхом)</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">please show yourself to me riding on the back
                of a horse</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
              <biblScope>3</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d3688e395" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">kʼæsibadæg osæ… kʼustelæ donæjʒagæj isista æ
                <oRef>raǧmæ</oRef></quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">колдунья подняла на спину полную водой
                кадку</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the witch lifted a tub full of water on her
                back</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
              <biblScope>12</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d3688e422" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Jeretu… (nælæn) je <oRef>raǧmæ</oRef> bagæpp
              kodta</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(собака) Ерету вскочила (кабану) на спину</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Jeretu (the dog) jumped on the (boar’s)
                back</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_DZ"/>
              <biblScope>36</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d3688e450" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">topp je <oRef>raǧi</oRef>…</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">с ружьем за спиной…</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">with a gun on his back…</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
              <biblScope>56</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d3688e478" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Ajsana… lækʼæf je <oRef>raǧi</oRef>
              rakodta</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Айсана взвалил ношу на спину</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Aisana put the burden on his back</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
              <biblScope>II 58</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
        </exampleGrp>
        <exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d3688e507" n="2">
          <example xml:id="example_d3688e509">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>raǧæn</oRef> jæ tækkæ byn abadt
              zyǧaræg</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">барсук очутился у самого подножья хребта</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the badger found himself at the very foot of
                the ridge</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
              <biblScope>100</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d3688e533">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dalæ sæ tyrysa <oRef>raǧæj</oRef>
              ærbazynd</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">вон их знамя показалось из-за хребта</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">there their banner appeared from behind the
                ridge</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
              <biblScope>133</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d3688e558">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Ormonty <oRef>raǧæj</oRef> næm Duset
              razyndī</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">с Ормонского хребта нам стал виден (город)
                Душет</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">from the Ormon Ridge we could see (the city of)
                Dushet</q>
            </tr>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d3688e578">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">wazal ū fæzzæg næ xæxty, mīǧ nyl aly bon
              kæwy; qæwty, qædty, kæmtty, <oRef>ræǧty</oRef> — zærdæ nīcæwyl læwwy</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">холодно осенью в наших горах, туча каждый день
                плачет над нами; в аулах, лесах, ущельях, гребнях гор — ничто не радует сердце</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">it is cold in autumn in our mountains, the
                cloud cries over us every day; in villages, forests, gorges, mountain ridges —
                nothing pleases the heart</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Niger"/>
              <biblScope>23</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d3688e603" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(æfsorqi cæfxad) kæd xonxi
                <oRef>raǧbæl</oRef> žingitæ cæǧduj</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(подкова небесного коня <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æfsūrǧ_1"><w>æfsorq</w></ref>) высекает искры из хребта горы</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(the horseshoe of the heavenly horse <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æfsūrǧ_1"><w>æfsorq</w></ref>) strikes sparks from the ridge of the
                mountain</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭп."/>
              <biblScope>57<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">131</hi></biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d3688e641">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Xorany qal fyrt faǵysy <oRef>raǧyl</oRef>
              jæxī fækodta dywwadæs cæfy</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">спесивый Хоранов сын на гребне навозной кучи
                нанес себе двенадцать ран</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the arrogant son of Khoran inflicted twelve
                wounds on himself on the crest of a dunghill</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Munk."/>
              <biblScope>174</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
        </exampleGrp>
        <re xml:id="re_d3688e667">
          <form xml:id="form_d3688e669" type="lemma"><orth>Raǧy ʒwar</orth></form>
          <sense xml:id="sense_d3688e672"><def xml:lang="ru">название божества и святилища</def><def xml:lang="en">name of
              deity and shrine</def></sense>
          <note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
              <biblScope>II 254</biblScope></bibl>)</note>
        </re>
        <etym xml:lang="ru">Штакельберг сопоставлял с <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3688e1130" xml:id="mentioned_d3688e690" xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
            <w>arqa</w>
            <gloss><q>спина</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/>
                <biblScope>80</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Эта этимология,
          неблагополучная с фонетической стороны, и вовсе теряет кредит в свете многочисленных
          иранских фактов. На иранской почве хорошо известно слово <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3688e1146" xml:id="mentioned_d3688e706" xml:lang="ira"><w>rāɣ</w> со значением <gloss><q>предгорье</q></gloss>,
              <gloss><q>косогор</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>горный склон</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>подножье
                горы</q></gloss>, а также <gloss><q>равнина</q></gloss>,
            <gloss><q>луг</q></gloss></mentioned>: <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d3688e728"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3688e1169" xml:id="mentioned_d3688e729" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
              <w>rāɣ</w>
              <gloss><q>declivitas</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>pars inferior
              montis</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3688e1180" xml:id="mentioned_d3688e740" xml:lang="tg"><lang/>
              <w>roɣ</w>
              <gloss><q>предгорье</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>луг</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3688e1191" xml:id="mentioned_d3688e751" xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
              <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(из перс.?)</note>
              <w>rāɣ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3688e1199" xml:id="mentioned_d3688e759" xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
              <w>rāɣə</w>
              <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(как нарицательно, так и в топонимии
                Афганистана)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3688e1207" xml:id="mentioned_d3688e767" xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
              <w>rraa</w>, <w>rrai</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3688e1214" xml:id="mentioned_d3688e774" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
              <w type="rec">rāɣ</w> (<w>rʼɣ</w>)</mentioned>
            <gloss><q>равнина</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Bailey</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOS"/>
                <biblScope>1940 VIII 135</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOAS"/>
                <biblScope>1966 XXIX 518</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Henning</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOS"/>
                <biblScope>1942 X 95</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Benveniste</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_JA"/>
                <biblScope>1951, стр. 114</biblScope></bibl>. —
                <bibl><author>Morgenstierne</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_NTS"/>
                <biblScope>1932 V 49</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Сюда же, вероятно,
              <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d3688e823"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3688e1265" xml:id="mentioned_d3688e824" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
              <m>Raɣa-</m></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3688e1270" xml:id="mentioned_d3688e829" xml:lang="peo"><lang/>
              <m>Ragā-</m></mentioned>
            <gloss>название местности в Мидии (на высоком плато)</gloss></mentioned>.<note xml:lang="ru" type="footnote">Новоперсидская и таджикская форма с конечным <c>γ</c>
            должна рассматриваться как вклад из согдийского. Неясно, имеет ли сюда отношение
              <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3688e1284" xml:id="mentioned_d3688e840" xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
              <w>raž</w>
              <gloss><q>возвышение</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>возвышенное место</q></gloss>
              <note type="bibl">(<gloss><q>a platform or raised ground</q></gloss>: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Shaw"/>
                  <biblScope>239</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>.</note> По сообщению
              <bibl><author>А. З. Розенфельд</author></bibl>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3688e1180" xml:id="mentioned_d3688e867" xml:lang="tg"><lang/>
            <w>roɣ</w></mentioned> часто встречается в топонимике некоторых районов Таджикистана.
          Сюда и <hi rendition="#rend_bold">парфянский</hi> топоним <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3688e1320" xml:id="mentioned_d3688e875" xml:lang="xpr"><w>Rāɣan</w>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Ниса"/>
                <biblScope>29</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, ср. <hi rendition="#rend_bold">таджикский</hi> топоним <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3688e1336" xml:id="mentioned_d3688e889" xml:lang="tg"><w>Roɣun</w>
            <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(на берегу Вахша)</note></mentioned>. За пределами
          иранского ср., может быть, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3688e1347" xml:id="mentioned_d3688e896" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
            <w>ῥάχις</w>
            <gloss><q>спина</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>горный хребет</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>гребень
                горы</q></gloss></mentioned>. — Топографические термины дают нередко по языкам
          значительное колебание значений; ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3688e1361" xml:id="mentioned_d3688e910" xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
            <w>brěgъ</w>
            <gloss><q>берег</q></gloss></mentioned> при <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3688e1370" xml:id="mentioned_d3688e918" xml:lang="de"><lang/>
            <w>Berg</w>
            <gloss><q>гора</q></gloss></mentioned> или ос. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bydyr"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">bydyr</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">budur</w>
            <gloss><q>равнина</q></gloss></ref> при <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3688e1387" xml:id="mentioned_d3688e935" xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
            <w>budur</w>
            <gloss><q>холмистая местность</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИЭС_I"/>
                <biblScope>276</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Не должны поэтому удивлять и
          семантические варианты слова <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3688e1403" xml:id="mentioned_d3688e951" xml:lang="ira"><w>rāɣ</w>
            <gloss><q>равнина</q></gloss> || <gloss><q>предгорье</q></gloss> ||
              <gloss><q>хребет</q></gloss></mentioned>. — В приведенных выше осетинских цитатах
          обращает на себя внимание одна особенность: притяжательные местоимения <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mæ_2"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_dæ"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_jæ"/> выступают в форме <w>me</w>, <w>de</w>, <w>je</w> (<w>me raǧ</w>,
            <w>de raǧ</w>, <w>je raǧ</w>), как если бы в прошлом слово имело начальный <c>i</c>:
            <w>iraǧ</w> ср., например, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wazæg"><phr>de wazæg</phr>
            <gloss><q>твой гость</q></gloss></ref> из <phr>dæ iwazæg</phr> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
            <biblScope>371–372</biblScope></bibl>). Форма <w>iraǧ</w> и в самом деле
          засвидетельствована ἄπαξ: <example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="example_d3688e1003">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">zolkʼitæ ke iraǧæj fættaxtæncæ…</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">с чьей спины слетели черви…</q>
            </tr>
            
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
              <biblScope>I 96<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">9</hi></biblScope></bibl>
          </example>; <w>iraǧ</w> может восходить к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3688e1477" xml:id="mentioned_d3688e1025" xml:lang="ira"><m type="rec">irāga-</m>, <m type="rec">wi-rāga-</m> или <m type="rec">wrāga-</m></mentioned> (ср.
            <ref type="xr" target="#entry_iræd"><w>iræd</w>
            <gloss><q>калым</q></gloss></ref> из <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3688e1493" xml:id="mentioned_d3688e1042" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">wrata-</w></mentioned> или <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ræz_2"><w>ræz</w>
            <gloss><q>эйлаг</q></gloss></ref> из <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3688e1507" xml:id="mentioned_d3688e1052" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">wraza-</w></mentioned>). Поскольку другие иранские формы не сохраняют следов ни
          начального <c>i-</c>, ни начального <c>w-</c>, приходится исходить из иранской базы
            <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3688e1515" xml:id="mentioned_d3688e1061" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">rāga-</w></mentioned>, которая в осетинском (и
          только в нем) получила приставку <c>wi-</c>. — К ос. <oRef>raǧ</oRef> примыкают <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3688e1524" xml:id="mentioned_d3688e1069" xml:lang="ce"><lang/>
            <w>ragh</w>
            <gloss>название невысокого горного хребта, который тянется от запада к востоку между
              Сунжей и Тереком</gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Услар"/>
                <biblScope>II</biblScope></bibl>)</note>, вообще <gloss>всякий невысокий длинный
              горный хребет</gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Генко</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ЗКВ"/>
                <biblScope>V 717</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Мациев"/>
                <biblScope>355</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3688e1556" xml:id="mentioned_d3688e1101" xml:lang="inh"><lang/>
            <w>ærghæ</w>
            <gloss><q>холм</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>цепь холмов</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>гряда невысоких
                гор</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><title>Инг.-чеч.-русск. сл.</title>
                <pubPlace>Грозный</pubPlace>, <date>1962</date>, <biblScope>стр.
                18</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>.</etym>
        <etym xml:lang="en">Stackelberg compared it to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3688e690" xml:id="mentioned_d3688e1130" xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
            <w>arqa</w>
            <gloss><q>back</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/>
                <biblScope>80</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. This etymology, unfavourable
          from the phonetic side, loses credit altogether in the light of numerous Iranian facts. In
          Iranian languages the word <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3688e706" xml:id="mentioned_d3688e1146" xml:lang="ira"><w>rāɣ</w> is widely known, which
            means <gloss><q>foothills</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>hillside</q></gloss>,
                <gloss><q>mountain slope</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>foot of the mountain</q></gloss>,
            and also <gloss><q>plain</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>meadow</q></gloss></mentioned>:
              <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d3688e1168"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3688e729" xml:id="mentioned_d3688e1169" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
              <w>rāɣ</w>
              <gloss><q>declivitas</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>pars inferior
              montis</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3688e740" xml:id="mentioned_d3688e1180" xml:lang="tg"><lang/>
              <w>roɣ</w>
              <gloss><q>foothills</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>meadow</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3688e751" xml:id="mentioned_d3688e1191" xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
              <note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(from Persian?)</note>
              <w>rāɣ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3688e759" xml:id="mentioned_d3688e1199" xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
              <w>rāɣə</w>
              <note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(both as a common noun and in
                the toponymy of Afghanistan)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3688e767" xml:id="mentioned_d3688e1207" xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
              <w>rraa</w>, <w>rrai</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3688e774" xml:id="mentioned_d3688e1214" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
              <w type="rec">rāɣ</w> (<w>rʼɣ</w>)</mentioned>
            <gloss><q>meadow</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Bailey</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOS"/>
                <biblScope>1940 VIII 135</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOAS"/>
                <biblScope>1966 XXIX 518</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Henning</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOS"/>
                <biblScope>1942 X 95</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Benveniste</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_JA"/>
                <biblScope xml:lang="en">1951, p. 114</biblScope></bibl>. —
                  <bibl><author>Morgenstierne</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_NTS"/>
                <biblScope>1932 V 49</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Probably, the following
          words are related to it as well: <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d3688e1264"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3688e824" xml:id="mentioned_d3688e1265" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
              <m>Raɣa-</m></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3688e829" xml:id="mentioned_d3688e1270" xml:lang="peo"><lang/>
              <m>Ragā-</m></mentioned>
            <gloss>name of a locality in Media (on a high plateau)</gloss></mentioned>.<note type="footnote"><?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220523T193156+0300" comment="??"?>Modern<?oxy_comment_end ?>
            Persian and Tajik form with the final <c>γ</c> should be considered as a contribution
            from Sogdian. It is not clear if <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3688e840" xml:id="mentioned_d3688e1284" xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
              <w>raž</w>
              <gloss><q>elevation</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>elevated place</q></gloss>
              <note type="bibl">(<gloss><q>a platform or raised ground</q></gloss>: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Shaw"/>
                  <biblScope>239</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned> is related
            <?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220523T193406+0300" comment="так ок?"?>to
            it.<?oxy_comment_end ?></note> According to <bibl>A. Z.
          <author>Rosenfeld</author></bibl>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3688e740" xml:id="mentioned_d3688e1315" xml:lang="tg"><lang/>
            <w>roɣ</w></mentioned> is often found in the toponymy of some regions of Tajikistan. See
          also a <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3688e875" xml:id="mentioned_d3688e1320" xml:lang="xpr"><lang/>
            <note type="comment">toponym</note>
            <w>Rāɣan</w>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Ниса"/>
                <biblScope>29</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, cf. a <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3688e889" xml:id="mentioned_d3688e1336" xml:lang="tg"><lang/>
            <note type="comment">toponym</note>
            <w>Roɣun</w>
            <note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(on the banks of the Vakhsh)</note></mentioned>.
          Outside Iranian cf., possibly, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3688e896" xml:id="mentioned_d3688e1347" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
            <w>ῥάχις</w>
            <gloss><q>back</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>mountain range</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>mountain
                crest</q></gloss></mentioned>. — Topographic terms often give a significant
          fluctuation of meanings across languages; cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3688e910" xml:id="mentioned_d3688e1361" xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
            <w>brěgъ</w>
            <gloss><q>shore</q></gloss></mentioned> and <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3688e918" xml:id="mentioned_d3688e1370" xml:lang="de"><lang/>
            <w>Berg</w>
            <gloss><q>mountain</q></gloss></mentioned> or Ossetic <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bydyr"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">bydyr</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">budur</w>
            <gloss><q>plain</q></gloss></ref> and <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3688e935" xml:id="mentioned_d3688e1387" xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
            <w>budur</w>
            <gloss><q>hilly area</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИЭС_I"/>
                <biblScope>276</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Therefore, the semantic
          variants of the word <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3688e951" xml:id="mentioned_d3688e1403" xml:lang="ira"><w>rāɣ</w>
            <gloss><q>plain</q></gloss> || <gloss><q>foothills</q></gloss> ||
              <gloss><q>ridge</q></gloss></mentioned> should not be surprising. — In the above
          Ossetic quotes, one feature attracts attention: possessive pronouns <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mæ_2"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_dæ"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_jæ"/> are used in the forms <w>me</w>, <w>de</w>, <w>je</w> (<w>me
            raǧ</w>, <w>de raǧ</w>, <w>je raǧ</w>), as if in the past the word had an initial
            <c>i</c>: <w>iraǧ</w> cf., for example, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wazæg"><phr>de
              wazæg</phr>
            <gloss><q>your guest</q></gloss></ref> from <phr>dæ iwazæg</phr> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
            <biblScope>371–372</biblScope></bibl>). The form <w>iraǧ</w> is indeed attested ἄπαξ:
            <example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="example_d3688e1455">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">zolkʼitæ ke iraǧæj fættaxtæncæ…</quote>
            
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">from whose back the worms flew…</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
              <biblScope>I 96<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">9</hi></biblScope></bibl>
          </example>; <w>iraǧ</w> may be traced back to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3688e1025" xml:id="mentioned_d3688e1477" xml:lang="ira"><m type="rec">irāga-</m>, <m type="rec">wi-rāga-</m> or <m type="rec">wrāga-</m></mentioned> (cf.
            <ref type="xr" target="#entry_iræd"><w>iræd</w>
            <gloss><q>dowry</q></gloss></ref> from <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3688e1042" xml:id="mentioned_d3688e1493" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">wrata-</w></mentioned> or <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ræz_2"><w>ræz</w>
            <gloss><q><?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220523T194139+0300" comment="да?"?>shepherds’
                summer camp<?oxy_comment_end ?></q></gloss></ref> from <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3688e1052" xml:id="mentioned_d3688e1507" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">wraza-</w></mentioned>). Since other Iranian forms do not retain traces
          neither of the initial <c>i-</c>, nor of the initial <c>w-</c>, one should proceed from
          the Iranian stem <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3688e1061" xml:id="mentioned_d3688e1515" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">rāga-</w></mentioned>, which in
          Ossetic (and only in it) got the prefix <c>wi-</c>. — The following words are related to
          Ossetic <oRef>raǧ</oRef>: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3688e1069" xml:id="mentioned_d3688e1524" xml:lang="ce"><lang/>
            <w>ragh</w>
            <gloss>the name of a low mountain range that stretches from west to east between Sunzha
              and Terek</gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Услар"/>
                <biblScope>II</biblScope></bibl>)</note>, in general <gloss>any low long mountain
              range</gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Genko</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ЗКВ"/>
                <biblScope>V 717</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Мациев"/>
                <biblScope>355</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3688e1101" xml:id="mentioned_d3688e1556" xml:lang="inh"><lang/>
            <w>ærghæ</w>
            <gloss><q>hill</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>chain of hills</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>range of low
                mountains</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><title>Ingušsko-čečensko-russkij slovarʼ</title>
                [Ingush-Chechen-Russian dictionary] <pubPlace>Grozny</pubPlace>, <date>1962</date>,
                  <biblScope>p. 18</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>.</etym>
      </entry>
    </body>
  </text>
</TEI>