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            <titleStmt>
                <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <w>æǧdaw</w></title>
            </titleStmt>
            <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
    Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
            <sourceDesc>
                <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
                        <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
                        <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
                        <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "<gloss><q>" "</q></gloss>";</rendition>
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            <entry xml:id="entry_æǧdaw" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
                <?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240201T192058+0300" comment="checked"?>
                <form xml:id="form_d2331e66" type="lemma"><orth>æǧdaw</orth></form><?oxy_comment_end ?>
                <sense xml:id="sense_d2331e69">
                    <sense xml:id="sense_d2331e70">
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>обычай</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>custom</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                    </sense>
                    <sense xml:id="sense_d2331e79">
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>адат</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240201T185606+0300" comment="адат really has no good English translation, this is an Islamic term for a local custom but used all over the Caucasus for local traditional law"?>traditional
                                law<?oxy_comment_end ?></q>
                        </abv:tr>
                    </sense>
                    <sense xml:id="sense_d2331e88">
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>норма поведения</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>rule of conduct</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                    </sense>
                </sense>
                <abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d2331e98">
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d2331e100">
                        <quote>ragon <oRef>æǧdaw</oRef></quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>древний обычай</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>ancient custom</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Æduli"/>
                            <biblScope>85</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d2331e156">
                        <quote>alkæmæn je <oRef>’ǧdaw</oRef> jæ gakk ū</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>для каждого его обычай служит его (отличительной) приметой</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>for each his custom serves as his (distinctive) sign</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
                            <biblScope>102</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d2331e175">
                        <quote><oRef>æǧdawyl</oRef> mard wydysty fydæltæ… padcax, xīcaw, zakon næ
                            zydtoj… xīcaw — myggaǵy xīstærtæ, zakon — næ xoxbæsty æǧdæwttæ… ḱī
                            axyztaid aǧdawy særty!</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>ради обычая (наши) предки шли на смерть… царя, начальства, законов не
                                знали… начальство — родовые старейшины, закон — обычаи наших гор…
                                кто осмелился бы переступить через обычай!</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>due to customs (our) ancestors went to death… did not know the tsar,
                                the authorities, the laws… the authorities are clan elders, the law
                                is the customs of our mountains… who would dare to step over the
                                custom!</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
                            <biblScope>102</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d2331e195">
                        <quote>kæræʒī fæcæǧdūt
                                <?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240201T185815+0300" comment="NB: what is this derivation?"?><oRef>æǧdawxal</oRef><?oxy_comment_end ?>
                            ænakkægtæ!</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>чтобы вам перебить друг друга, недостойные нарушители обычая!</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>Kill each other, unworthy violators of the custom!</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
                            <biblScope>166</biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                    <abv:example xml:id="example_d2331e214">
                        <quote>sawǵynty <oRef>æǧdawmæ</oRef> gæsgæ</quote>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                            <q>как обыкновенно было у священников</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>according to the custom of the priesthood</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                        <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Лука"/>
                            <biblScope>1 <w>9</w></biblScope></bibl>
                    </abv:example>
                </abv:exampleGrp>
                <re>
                    <form type="lemma"><orth>mardæǧdaw</orth></form>
                    <sense>
                        <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
                            <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">обряд оплакивания покойника</q>
                        </tr>
                        <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                            <q>mourning rite</q>
                        </abv:tr>
                    </sense>
                    <exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
                        <abv:example xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:id="example_d2331e134" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
                            <usg><lang/></usg>
                            <quote><oRef>mærdæǧdaw</oRef> gængæ ku ʽrbacæwoncæ…</quote>
                            <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                                <q>когда они придут, совершая обряд оплакивания…</q>
                            </abv:tr>
                            <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                                <q>when they come mourning…</q>
                            </abv:tr>
                            <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
                                <biblScope>52<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">7–8</hi></biblScope></bibl>
                        </abv:example>
                    </exampleGrp>
                </re>
                <etym xml:lang="ru">Может быть, восходит к <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">haxta-</w></mentioned>, ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2331e325" xml:id="mentioned_d2331e236" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
                        <w>haxta-</w>
                        <gloss><q>правильный</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>надлежащий</q></gloss>,
                                <gloss><q>законосообразный</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><w>anahaxta-</w>
                        <note type="comment">(= <mentioned xml:lang="os"><lang/>
                                <w>ænæǧdaw</w></mentioned>)</note>
                        <gloss><q>незаконный</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>лишенный
                        авторитета</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2331e347" xml:id="mentioned_d2331e258" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
                        <w>aɣdaw</w> (<w>ʼɣtʼw</w>) <gloss><q>судья</q></gloss></mentioned>.
                    Конечное <m>-w</m> в осетинском и согдийском появляется иногда вместо более
                    обычного именного суффикса <mentioned xml:lang="os"><lang/>
                        <m>-g</m></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
                        <m>-k</m></mentioned>; ср. колебание <m>-āk</m> ‖ <m>-āw</m> в <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2331e356" xml:id="mentioned_d2331e267" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
                        <w>’nɣtʼk</w> ‖ <w>’nɣtʼw</w>
                        <gloss><q>весь</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>целый</q></gloss>
                        <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Gramm._sogd."/>
                                <biblScope>II 75</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned> или
                            <mentioned><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2331e374" xml:id="mentioned_d2331e285" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
                            <w>ywrtʼk</w></mentioned> ‖ <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2331e379" xml:id="mentioned_d2331e290" xml:lang="pal-x-turfan"><lang/>
                            <w>ywʼrdʼw</w></mentioned>
                        <gloss><q>ячмень</q></gloss></mentioned> и др. Формант <mentioned xml:lang="os"><m>-aw</m>, <m>-w</m></mentioned> наличен в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fæjjaw" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
                        <w>fæjjaw</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_arkʼaw"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ʒawma"/> и др. Форма <mentioned xml:lang="xsc"><w type="rec">agdak</w></mentioned> сохранилась в <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2331e394" xml:id="mentioned_d2331e305" xml:lang="xsc"><lang>скифском</lang>
                        <gloss>имени</gloss>
                        <w>ʽΑρδαγδακος</w></mentioned>. Значение обычая, <oRef>æǧdaw</oRef>, в
                    старом осетинском быту колоссально. Другой термин для обычая, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fædg"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">fædg</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">fædgæ</w></ref> (см.), имеет более ограниченную
                    сферу применения, но по происхождению, вероятно, так же древен.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
                        <biblScope>152</biblScope></bibl> — <bibl><author>Benveniste</author>
                        <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSL"/>
                        <biblScope xml:lang="ru">LII 50 сл</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
                <etym xml:lang="en">Maybe goes back to <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">haxta-</w></mentioned>, cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2331e236" xml:id="mentioned_d2331e325" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
                        <w>haxta-</w>
                        <gloss><q>right</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>proper</q></gloss>,
                                <gloss><q>lawful</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><w>anahaxta-</w>
                        <note type="comment">(= <mentioned xml:lang="os"><lang/>
                                <w>ænæǧdaw</w></mentioned>)</note>
                        <gloss><q>illegal</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>devoid of
                        authority</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2331e347" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
                        <w>aɣdaw</w> (<w>ʼɣtʼw</w>) <gloss><q>judge</q></gloss></mentioned>. The
                    final <m>-w</m> sometimes occurs in Ossetic and Sogdian instead of the more
                    common nominal suffix, <mentioned xml:lang="os"><lang/>
                        <m>-g</m></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
                        <m>-k</m></mentioned>; cf. the variation <m>-āk</m> ‖ <m>-āw</m> in
                        <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2331e356" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
                        <w>’nɣtʼk</w> ‖ <w>’nɣtʼw</w>
                        <gloss><q>all</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>whole</q></gloss>
                        <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Gramm._sogd."/>
                                <biblScope>II 75</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned> or
                            <mentioned><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2331e374" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
                            <w>ywrtʼk</w></mentioned> ‖ <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2331e379" xml:lang="pal-x-turfan"><lang/>
                            <w>ywʼrdʼw</w></mentioned>
                        <gloss><q>barley</q></gloss></mentioned> etc. The suffix <mentioned xml:lang="os"><m>-aw</m>, <m>-w</m></mentioned> is found in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fæjjaw" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
                        <w>fæjjaw</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_arkʼaw"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ʒawma"/> etc. The form <w type="rec">agdak</w> survived in
                    the <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2331e305" xml:id="mentioned_d2331e394" xml:lang="xsc"><lang>Scythian</lang>
                        <gloss>name</gloss>
                        <w>ʽΑρδαγδακος</w></mentioned>. The importance of the custom,
                        <oRef>æǧdaw</oRef>, in traditional Ossetian life is colossal. Another term
                    for custom, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fædg"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">fædg</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">fædgæ</w></ref> (see), has a more
                    limited scope, but is probably just as ancient in origin.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
                        <biblScope>152</biblScope></bibl> — <bibl><author>Benveniste</author>
                        <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSL"/>
                        <biblScope xml:lang="en">LII 50 ff</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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