<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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      <titleStmt>
        <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">sūʒīn</hi></title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
    Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
            <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
            <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
      </sourceDesc>
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        <rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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    <body>
      <entry xml:id="entry_sūʒīn" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
        <form xml:id="form_d644e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>sūʒīn</orth></form>
        <form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>soʒinæ</orth><form type="variant"><orth>suʒīnæ</orth></form></form>
        <sense xml:id="sense_d644e69">
          <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
            <q>игла</q>
          </abv:tr>
          <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
            <q>needle</q>
          </abv:tr>
        </sense>
        <re>
          <form type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>sūʒīndon</orth></form>
          <form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>soʒīndonæ</orth></form>
          <sense>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">игольник</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">needle-case</q>
            </tr>
          </sense>
        </re>
        <exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>sūʒīn</oRef> æmæ ændax</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">игла и нитка</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">needle and thread</q>
            </tr>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>sūʒīn</oRef> æmæ teman</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">иголка и большая игла</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">needle and large needle</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАА"/>
              <biblScope>II 373</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>sūʒīny</oRef> byn</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" rendition="#rend_singlequotes">ушко иголки</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" rendition="#rend_singlequotes">eye of a
                needle</q>
            </tr>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>sūʒīny</oRef> fynʒ</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" rendition="#rend_singlequotes">острие
                иголки</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" rendition="#rend_singlequotes">point of a
                needle</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
              <biblScope>1971 VI 78</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Sajnæg-ældary ḱyzg kærdgæ-x˳yjgæ kæny, jæ
                <oRef>sūʒīny</oRef> æmæ je ʽng˳yrstwan tævd kænync, īxǵyn don jæ cūry dary æmæ sæ
              ūcy ran tūly</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">дочь Сайнаг-алдара кроит-шьет, ее игла и
                наперсток накаляются (от усиленной работы), она держит возле себя воду со льдом и
                погружает их туда</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the daughter of Sajnæg-aldar cuts and sews, her
                needle and thimble are heated (from hard work), she keeps ice water near her and
                immerses them there</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
              <biblScope>II 98</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mæ bolat kærdæn ceteni, mæ bolat ærcij
              geteni,... oni xæccæ mæ <oRef>suʒīnæ</oRef></quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">мои булатные ножницы — в корзине, моя булатная
                трехгранная игла — в холсте, вместе с ними — моя иголка</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">my damask scissors are in the basket, my damask
                triangular needle is in the canvas, my needle is along with them</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
              <biblScope>22—23</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ew osæmæ baqærtʒænæ, konǧædæ — æ
                <oRef>soʒīnæ</oRef>, fæstæ — je ʽngurstewæn, otemæj zænxi æskʼudtæ xujuj</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ты доедешь до одной женщины, бревно ей (служит)
                иглой, ступа — наперстком, и таким образом она зашивает трещины земли</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">you will reach one woman, a log serves her as a
                needle, a mortar as a thimble, and thus she sews up the cracks of the earth</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
              <biblScope>I108</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
        </exampleGrp>
        <etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">saučina-</w></mentioned> или <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">saučaina-</w></mentioned>; общеарийское слово, производное (с разными вариациями) от
            <mentioned xml:lang="iir"><w type="rec">sauk-</w>, <w type="rec">sūk-</w>
            <gloss><q>обжигать</q></gloss> → <gloss><q>колоть</q></gloss></mentioned>: <q>игла</q> =
            <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">колющая</q>, <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">жгучая</q> (<bibl><author>Hertel</author>. <title>Beiträge zur Erklärung des Awestas
              und des Vedas</title>. <pubPlace>Leipzig</pubPlace>, <date>1929</date>,
              <biblScope>стр. 113</biblScope></bibl>).<note xml:lang="ru" type="footnote">Значение
              <q>колоть</q>, <q>пронзать</q> распознается в <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
              <w>afsōč-</w> (<w>ʼβsʼwč-</w>) <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Gershevitch"/>
                  <biblScope>§ 245</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Нет надобности выделять
            особый корень <w>sūk-</w>
            <gloss><q>колоть</q></gloss>, отличный от <w>sūk-</w>
            <gloss><q>жечь</q></gloss>, или возводить первый к гипотетическому <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
              <w>ḱu-</w>
              <gloss><q>острый</q></gloss>
              <note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Lidén</author>. <title>Armenische Studien</title>.
                    <date>1906</date>, <biblScope>стр. 79</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>.
            Тесная связь в сознании говорящих между <oRef/>
            <q>игла</q> и <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sūʒyn"><w>sūʒyn</w>
              <q>жечь</q></ref> ясно выступает в выражении, записанном из уст осетинки:
              <?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20221118T205301+0300" comment="не делается курсив..."?><example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
              <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="oos">sūʒgæ sūʒīn dær ʒy næ
                zonyn</quote>
              <tr xml:lang="ru">
                <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">я не знаю от нее даже жгучей иглы</q>
              </tr>
              <tr xml:lang="en">
                <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">я не знаю от нее даже жгучей иглы</q>
              </tr>
            </example><?oxy_comment_end ?>, т. е. <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">я ничем ей не
              обязана</q>.</note> Ср. <mentioned xml:lang="fa" extralang="tg"><lang/>
            <w>sūzan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fa-x-dial" extralang="tg-x-dial"><lang>(диал.)</lang>
            <w>süzün</w>
            <gloss><q>игла</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
            <w>sūzandān</w>
            <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">( = <mentioned xml:lang="os"><lang/>
                <w>sūʒīndon</w></mentioned>)</note>
            <gloss><q>игольник</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
            <w>sōčan</w>, <w>sōzan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
            <w>sužīn</w>, <w>šužīn</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
            <w>sučin</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="prc"><lang/>
            <w>sičin</w>, <w>sučīn</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="wne"><lang/>
            <w>sunzən</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="mnj"><lang/>
            <w>šīžna</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ydg"><lang/>
            <w>šinǰo</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
            <w>siʒ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
            <w>sic</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
            <w>sənčin</w>, <w>sinčin</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
            <w>sujʼina-</w>
            <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(в <w>sujʼina-kirta-</w>
              <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">иглоделье</q> = <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
                <w>sūzangird</w></mentioned>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
            <w>suṃjsiñam</w>, <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(более поздняя форма)</note>
            <w>saujsaña-</w>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Lüders</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_APAW">APAW</ref>
                <date>1936</date>, <biblScope>стр. 31</biblScope></bibl>. —
                  <bibl><author>Вailey</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOS">BSOS</ref>
                <date>1941</date>
                <biblScope>IX 538</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_HO"/>
                <biblScope>135</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AO"/>
                <date>1966</date>
                <biblScope>XXX 34—35</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
            <w>sūka-</w>
            <gloss><q>игла</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <w>śūkā-</w>
            <gloss><q>жало одного насекомого</q></gloss></mentioned>.
              <bibl><author>Szemerényi</author> (<title>Orbis</title>
            <date>1970</date>
            <biblScope>XIX 502—503</biblScope>)</bibl> привлекает также <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
            <w>sukurəna-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
            <w>sukurr</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
            <w>sugurr</w>, <w>sugurna</w>
            <gloss><q>дикобраз</q></gloss></mentioned> из <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20221118T212842+0300" comment="какой язык?" flag="done"?><w type="rec">sūk-urna-</w><?oxy_comment_end ?>
            <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">(имеющий) иглы
                  (<?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20221118T212849+0300" comment="NB" flag="done"?><mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>sūka-</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?>) (в качестве) шерсти
                  (<?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20221118T212853+0300" comment="NB
" flag="done"?><mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>urna-</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?>)</q></gloss></mentioned>. <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <w>sūčī-</w>
            <gloss><q>игла</q></gloss></mentioned> (вместо ожидаемого <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w type="rec">śūčī</w></mentioned>) ставит трудности. <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Grassmann"/>
            <biblScope>(1563)</biblScope></bibl> производит его от
            <?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20221118T213102+0300" comment="NB
" flag="done"?><mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>siv-</w>, <w>syū-</w>
            <gloss><q>шить</q></gloss></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?>.
              <bibl><author>Hübschmann</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._PSt.">PSt.</ref>
            <biblScope>77</biblScope>)</bibl> и <bibl><author>Lidén</author>. (<title>Armenische
              Studien</title>. <date>1906</date>, <biblScope>стр. 79, прим. 2</biblScope>)</bibl>
          также склонны отделять <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>sūčī-</w></mentioned> от
          иранских названий иглы. <bibl><author>Wackernagel</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_KZ">KZ</ref>
            <biblScope>LXVII 174 сл.</biblScope>)</bibl> допускает вторичную замену <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>śūčī-</w></mentioned> → <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>sūčī-</w></mentioned> под влиянием <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>syū-</w>
            <gloss><q>шить</q></gloss></mentioned>. Не исключено, однако, что форма <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>sūčī-</w></mentioned> представляет <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">иранизм</q>, вошедший в древнеиндийский как древняя
          перекрестная изоглосса (см. об этом: <bibl><title>Этимология 1966</title>,
              <pubPlace>М.</pubPlace>, <date>1968</date>, <biblScope>стр.
          247—263</biblScope></bibl>). Другие случаи <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <c>s</c> вместо <c>ś</c></mentioned> см.: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Wackernagel-Debrunner"/>
            <biblScope>I 226 β</biblScope></bibl>). — Считать <lang>ос.</lang>
          <oRef/> заимствованием (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Horn._Gr."/>
            <biblScope>167</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
            <biblScope>131</biblScope></bibl>) нет ни малейших оснований. Вся терминология,
          связанная с изготовлением одежды, восходит у осетин к глубокой древности; см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærcynʒ"><w>ærcynʒ</w>
            <q>трехгранная игла</q></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æng0yrstwan"><w>æng˳yrstwan</w>
            <q>наперсток</q></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_x0yjyn"><w>x˳yjyn</w>
            <q>шить</q></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æmpʼūzyn"><w>æmpʼūzyn</w>
            <q>штопать</q></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ændax"><w>ændax</w>
            <q>нитка</q></ref> и, далее, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ælvīsyn"><w>lvisyn</w>
            <q>прясть</q></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wafyn"><w>wafyn</w>
            <q>ткать</q></ref> и др. Находки игл в скифских и сарматских женских погребениях вполне
          согласуются с языковыми данными. <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Представление о
            савроматских иглах дает находка бронзовой иглы с ушком в погребении V века до н. э.
            кургана 8 Калиновского могильника. Иглы, вероятно, хранили в игольниках, сделанных из
            трубчатой кости крупных птиц</q> (<bibl><author>Смирнов</author>.
              <title>Савроматы</title>. <pubPlace>М.</pubPlace>, <date>1964</date>, <biblScope>стр.
              107</biblScope></bibl>). — К <oRef/> примыкает по корню <ref type="xr" target="#entry_syg_3"><w>syg</w>
            <q>ость</q></ref> (у колосовых растений), q. v.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ">Вс. Миллер. ОЭ</ref>
            <biblScope>II 79</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
            <biblScope>54</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
        <etym xml:lang="en">Goes back to <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">saučina-</w></mentioned> or <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">saučaina-</w></mentioned>; a common Aryan word derived (with various variations) from
            <mentioned xml:lang="iir"><w type="rec">sauk-</w>, <w type="rec">sūk-</w>
            <gloss><q>burn</q></gloss> → <gloss><q>stab</q></gloss></mentioned>: <q>needle</q> = <q rendition="#rend_singlequotes">stabbing</q>, <q rendition="#rend_singlequotes">burning</q> (<bibl><author>Hertel</author>. <title>Beiträge zur Erklärung des Awestas
              und des Vedas</title>. <pubPlace>Leipzig</pubPlace>, <date>1929</date>, <biblScope>p.
              113</biblScope></bibl>).<note type="footnote">The meaning <q>stab</q>, <q>pierce</q>
            is attested in <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
              <w>afsōč-</w> (<w>ʼβsʼwč-</w>) <note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Gershevitch"/>
                  <biblScope>§ 245</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. There is no need to
            define a special stem <w>sūk-</w>
            <gloss><q>stab</q></gloss>, different from <w>sūk-</w>
            <gloss><q>burn</q></gloss>, or trace the first back to a hypothetic <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
              <w>ḱu-</w>
              <gloss><q>sharp</q></gloss>
              <note type="bibl">(<bibl><bibl xml:lang="en"><author>Lidén</author>. <title>Armenische
                      Studien</title>. <date>1906</date>, <biblScope>p.
                79</biblScope></bibl></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. The close connection between <oRef/>
            <q>needle</q> and <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sūʒyn"><w>sūʒyn</w>
              <q>burn</q></ref> in the minds of the speakers clearly appears in the expression
            recorded from one Ossetian woman: <example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
              <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="oos">sūʒgæ sūʒīn dær ʒy næ
                zonyn</quote>
              <tr xml:lang="en">
                <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I do not know even a burning needle from
                  her</q>
              </tr>
            </example>, i.e. <q rendition="#rend_singlequotes">I do not owe her anything</q>.</note>
          Cf. <mentioned xml:lang="fa" extralang="tg"><lang/>
            <w>sūzan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fa-x-dial" extralang="tg-x-dial"><lang>(dialectal)</lang>
            <w>süzün</w>
            <gloss><q>needle</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
            <w>sūzandān</w>
            <note xml:lang="en" type="comment">( = <mentioned xml:lang="os"><lang/>
                <w>sūʒīndon</w></mentioned>)</note>
            <gloss><q>needle-case</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
            <w>sōčan</w>, <w>sōzan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
            <w>sužīn</w>, <w>šužīn</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
            <w>sučin</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="prc"><lang/>
            <w>sičin</w>, <w>sučīn</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="wne"><lang/>
            <w>sunzən</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="mnj"><lang/>
            <w>šīžna</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ydg"><lang/>
            <w>šinǰo</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
            <w>siʒ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
            <w>sic</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
            <w>sənčin</w>, <w>sinčin</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
            <w>sujʼina-</w>
            <note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(in
                <w>sujʼina-kirta-</w>
              <q rendition="#rend_singlequotes">needle making</q> = <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
                <w>sūzangird</w></mentioned>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
            <w>suṃjsiñam</w>, <note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(a later form)</note>
            <w>saujsaña-</w>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Lüders</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_APAW">APAW</ref>
                <date>1936</date>, <biblScope>p. 31</biblScope></bibl>. —
                  <bibl><author>Bailey</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOS">BSOS</ref>
                <date>1941</date>
                <biblScope>IX 538</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_HO"/>
                <biblScope>135</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AO"/>
                <date>1966</date>
                <biblScope>XXX 34—35</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
            <w>sūka-</w>
            <gloss><q>needle</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <w>śūkā-</w>
            <gloss><q>the sting of an insect</q></gloss></mentioned>.
              <bibl><author>Szemerényi</author> (<title>Orbis</title>
            <date>1970</date>
            <biblScope>XIX 502—503</biblScope>)</bibl> also mentions <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
            <w>sukurəna-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
            <w>sukurr</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
            <w>sugurr</w>, <w>sugurna</w>
            <gloss><q>porcupine</q></gloss></mentioned> from <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20221118T212842+0300" comment="какой язык?" flag="done"?><w type="rec">sūk-urna-</w><?oxy_comment_end ?>
            <gloss><q rendition="#rend_singlequotes">(having) needles
                  (<?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20221118T212849+0300" comment="NB" flag="done"?><mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>sūka-</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?>) (as) a coat
                  (<?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20221118T212853+0300" comment="NB
" flag="done"?><mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>urna-</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?>)</q></gloss></mentioned>. <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <w>sūčī-</w>
            <gloss><q>needle</q></gloss></mentioned> (instead of expected <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w type="rec">śūčī</w></mentioned>) causes troubles. <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Grassmann"/>
            <biblScope>(1563)</biblScope></bibl> derives it from
            <?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20221118T213102+0300" comment="NB
" flag="done"?><mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>siv-</w>, <w>syū-</w>
            <gloss><q>sew</q></gloss></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?>.
              <bibl><author>Hübschmann</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._PSt.">PSt.</ref>
            <biblScope>77</biblScope>)</bibl> and <bibl><author>Lidén</author>. (<title>Armenische
              Studien</title>. <date>1906</date>, <biblScope>p. 79, fn. 2</biblScope>)</bibl> also
          tend to separate <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>sūčī-</w></mentioned> from the Iranian
          names for a needle. <bibl><author>Wackernagel</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_KZ">KZ</ref>
            <biblScope>LXVII 174 ff.</biblScope>)</bibl> assumes the secondary change <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>śūčī-</w></mentioned> → <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>sūčī-</w></mentioned> under the influence of <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>syū-</w>
            <gloss><q>sew</q></gloss></mentioned>. It is possible, however, that the form <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>sūčī-</w></mentioned> is an <q rendition="#rend_singlequotes">Iranism</q> that has entered in the Old Indic as an ancient cross isogloss (see:
              <bibl><bibl xml:lang="en"><title>Etymology 1966</title>, <pubPlace>Moscow</pubPlace>,
                <date>1968</date>, <biblScope>pp. 247—263</biblScope></bibl></bibl>). For other
          cases of <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <c>s</c> instead of <c>ś</c></mentioned> see: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Wackernagel-Debrunner"/>
            <biblScope>I 226 β</biblScope></bibl>). — There is not the slightest reason to consider
            <lang>Ossetic</lang>
          <oRef/> a borrowing (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Horn._Gr."/>
            <biblScope>167</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
            <biblScope>131</biblScope></bibl>). All the terminology related to the manufacture of
          clothing dates back to ancient times among the Ossetians; see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærcynʒ"><w>ærcynʒ</w>
            <q>triangular needle</q></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æng0yrstwan"><w>æng˳yrstwan</w>
            <q>thimble</q></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_x0yjyn"><w>x˳yjyn</w>
            <q>sew</q></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æmpʼūzyn"><w>æmpʼūzyn</w>
            <q>mend</q></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ændax"><w>ændax</w>
            <q>thread</q></ref> and further <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ælvīsyn"><w>lvisyn</w>
            <q>span</q></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wafyn"><w>wafyn</w>
            <q>weave</q></ref> etc. The findings of needles in Scythian and Sarmatian female burials
          are quite consistent with the linguistic data. <q rendition="#rend_singlequotes">The
            discovery of a bronze needle with an ear in the burial of the 5th century BC of kurgan 8
            of the Kalinovsky burial ground gives an idea of the Sauromate needles. The needles were
            probably stored in needle-cases made from the tubular bones of large birds</q>
              (<bibl><bibl xml:lang="en"><author>Smirnov</author>. <title>Sauromates</title>.
                <pubPlace>Moscow</pubPlace>, <date>1964</date>, <biblScope>p.
            107</biblScope></bibl></bibl>). — <ref type="xr" target="#entry_syg_3"><w>Syg</w>
            <q>awn</q></ref> relates to <oRef/>.<lb/><bibl>Ws. <name>Miller</name>. <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ">OE</ref>
            <biblScope>II 79</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
            <biblScope>54</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
      </entry>
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