<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">wæs_1</hi></title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
        Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
          <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
          <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
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      <tagsDecl>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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    <body>
      <entry xml:id="entry_wæs_1" n="1" xml:lang="os-x-digor" abv:completeness="incomplete">
        <form xml:id="form_d5951e66" type="lemma"><orth>wæs</orth></form>
        <usg><lang/></usg>
        <sense xml:id="sense_d5951e69">
          <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
            <q>теленок</q>
          </abv:tr>
          <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
            <q>calf</q>
          </abv:tr>
        </sense>
        <formGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
          <form xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="plural" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><gram/><orth>wæsitæ<?oxy_comment_start author="админ" timestamp="20230331T125641+0300" comment="не знаю, праивильно ли оформлено, должны разделяться ;"?></orth></form>
        </formGrp>
        <formGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
          <form xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="variant" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><bibl><author>Guldenstädt</author> (<date>1791</date>)</bibl>:
            <orth>was</orth></form>
        </formGrp>
        <formGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
          <form xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="variant"><bibl><author>Klaproth</author> (<date>1814</date>)</bibl>:
            <orth>wass</orth></form>
        </formGrp>
        <formGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
          <form xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="variant" xml:lang="os"><bibl><author>Ws.
                Miller</author> (<date>1882</date>)</bibl>: <orth>wæss</orth></form>
        </formGrp>
        <formGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
          <note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="ru" type="comment">в современной
            литературе господствует форма </note>
          <note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" type="comment">in the modern
            literature prevails the form </note>
          <form xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="variant" xml:lang="os"><orth>wæs</orth></form>
        </formGrp>
        <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">;<?oxy_comment_end ?> и. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ræwæd"/> id</note>
        <note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; Iron <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ræwæd"/> id</note>
        <exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">bæǧænvadæj næ <oRef>wæsitæ</oRef> cʼæx
              zældæbæl xizton</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">босиком наших телят я пас на зеленой траве</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">barefoot I grazed our calves on the green
                grass</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Тайм._Ӕмдз."/>
              <biblScope>29</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">sabitæ raskʼardtoncæ xezunmæ wælitæ æma
                <oRef>wæsitæ</oRef></quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ребята погнали на пастьбу ягнят и телят</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">children drove lambs and calves to graze</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
              <date>1949</date>
              <biblScope>II 31</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ǧogi kʼax wæs næ maruj</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">нога коровы не убьет теленка</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a cow's leg won't kill a calf</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">поговорка;
                </note><note xml:lang="en" type="comment">a proverb; </note><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
              <biblScope>II 128</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">es ixæs ivard cæmæj 1931 anzi kæronmæ
              sovxoztæn lævard ærcæwa 1.7 miliwan stori, 2.5 miliwan særi
              <oRef>wæsitæ</oRef>...</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">поставлена задача, чтобы к концу 1931 года
                совхозам было предоставлено 1.7 миллиона коров и быков, 2.5 миллиона голов
                телят...</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the task was set to provide state farms with
                1.7 million of cows and bulls, 2.5 million head of calves by the end of 1931...</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_FS"/>
              <biblScope>V 54</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ǧæwama sǧombæl kænoj 5.5 miliwan
                <oRef>wæsi</oRef>...</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">должны вырастить 5.5 миллиона телят</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">[they] must raise 5.5 million of calves</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_FS"/>
              <biblScope>V 54</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
        </exampleGrp>
        <etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к иран. <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">wasa-</w>, <w type="rec">wassa-</w></mentioned>, ар. <mentioned xml:lang="iir"><w type="rec">watsa-</w></mentioned> от индоевропейской базы <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">wet</w>
            <gloss><q>год</q></gloss></mentioned> (ср. <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <w>vatsara-</w>
            <gloss><q>год</q></gloss></mentioned>) (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
            <biblScope>1175</biblScope></bibl>), собственно — <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">одногодок</q></gloss><hi rendition="#rend_superscript">1</hi>.<note type="footnote">Сюда — по соответствию <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
              <w>matsya-</w></mentioned> — <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
              <w>masya-</w>
              <gloss><q>рыба</q></gloss></mentioned>, группа <c>ts</c> давала в Авесте <c>s</c>. Но
            засвидетельствованная <name>Клапротом</name> и <name>Миллером</name> осетинская форма
              <oRef>wæss</oRef> говорит о параллельном существовании <mentioned xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
              <w type="rec">wassa-</w></mentioned>.</note> Отсутствует в Авесте, но хорошо
          представлено в новоиранских языках: <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/> (диалект Лар)
              <w>gowac</w> буквально <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">дитя (<w>wac</w>)
                коровы (<w>go</w>)</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
            <w>wahīk</w> (←<w type="rec">waθīk</w> ←<w type="rec">wasīk</w>)
              <gloss><q>козленок</q></gloss></mentioned> (сюда же относят <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
            <w>bačča</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
            <w>waččak</w>
            <gloss><q>детеныш</q></gloss></mentioned>: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_GIPh."/>
            <biblScope>I <hi rendition="#rend_italic">2</hi> 71</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
            <w>gwask</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
            <w>vasa</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sgy"><lang/>
            <w>wasök</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="isk"><lang/>
            <w>wůsuk</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yah"><lang/>
            <w>wůs</w>, мн. ч. <w>wasaθ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
            <w>wəsk</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="srh"><lang/>
            <w>wišk</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="prc"><lang/>
            <w>γasö</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="oru"><lang/>
            <w>γwac</w></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._EVP"/>
            <biblScope>24</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="lrl"><lang/> (дер. Бастак)
              <w>gowac</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xco"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">wasik</w> (<w>wsyk</w>)</mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
            <w>basaka-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <w>vatsa-</w>
            <gloss><q>теленок</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="x-dardic"><lang/>
            <w>wasāk</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="si"><lang/><w>vassā</w> id.</mentioned>
              (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Turner"/>
            <biblScope>I 655</biblScope></bibl>). — В разное время и из разной среды (из
          общеарийского, общеиранского, скифского, аланского) усвоено в угро-финские языки:
            <mentioned xml:lang="fi"><lang/>
            <w>vasa</w>, <w>vasikka</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="krl"><lang/>
            <w>vasa</w>, <w>vaza</w>, <w>vaša</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="et"><lang/>
            <w>vasik</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="x-mordvin"><lang/>
            <w>vaz</w>, <w>vaza</w>
            <gloss><q>теленок</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="mns"><lang/>
            <w>vësi</w>
            <gloss><q>теленок оленя</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="hu"><lang/>
            <w>üszö</w>
            <gloss><q>телка</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><author>Munkácsi</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_KSz."/>
            <biblScope>V 321</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Sköld._Oss."/>
            <biblScope>37</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Collinder"/>
            <biblScope>139</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Korenchy"/>
            <biblScope>83—84</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Joki._UuI"/>
            <biblScope>338—339</biblScope></bibl>). Ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ræwæd"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qūg"/>. О возможной этимологической связи между <oRef/> и <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ræwæd"/> (<mentioned xml:lang="oos"><w type="rec">wat-sa</w></mentioned> и <mentioned xml:lang="oos"><w type="rec">jra-wata</w></mentioned>) см.: <bibl><author>Трубачев</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ВЯ"/>
            <date>1975</date>
            <biblScope>I 134</biblScope></bibl>. — Неясно, имеют ли отношение к осетинскому слову
            <mentioned xml:lang="ab"><lang/>
            <w>a-wasa</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="abq"><lang/>
            <w>wasa</w>
            <gloss><q>овца</q></gloss>, <w>ẋwəs</w>
            <gloss><q>теленок</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ce"><lang/>
            <w>esi</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inh"><lang/>
            <w>hasa</w>, <w>hásilg</w> id.</mentioned> (<bibl><author>Шерипов</author>.
              <title>Русско-чеч. сл.</title>
            <pubPlace>Грозный</pubPlace>, <date>1929</date>, <biblScope>стр.
          257</biblScope></bibl>). <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
            <biblScope>II 82, III 153</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/>
            <biblScope>24, 75</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
            <biblScope>31</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
        <etym xml:lang="en">Goes back to the Iranian <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">wasa-</w>, <w type="rec">wassa-</w></mentioned>, Aryan <mentioned xml:lang="iir"><w type="rec">watsa-</w></mentioned> from the Indo-European base <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">wet</w>
            <gloss><q>year</q></gloss></mentioned> (cf. <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <w>vatsara-</w>
            <gloss><q>year</q></gloss></mentioned>) (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
            <biblScope>1175</biblScope></bibl>), literally it means <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">animal born in the same year</q></gloss><hi rendition="#rend_superscript">1</hi>.<note type="footnote">Cognates are <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
              <w>matsya-</w></mentioned> and <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
              <w>masya-</w>
              <gloss><q>fish</q></gloss></mentioned>, the cluster <c>ts</c> resulted in <c>s</c> in
            Avesta. But attested by <name>Klaproth</name> and <name>Miller</name> Ossetic form
              <oRef>wæss</oRef> speaks for a parallel existence of <mentioned xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
              <w type="rec">wassa-</w></mentioned>.</note> It is absent in Avesta, but it's well
          represented in Iranian languages: <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/> (Lar dialect)
              <w>gowac</w>, which is literally <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">child
                  (<w>wac</w>) of a cow (<w>go</w>)</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
            <w>wahīk</w> (←<w type="rec">waθīk</w> ←<w type="rec">wasīk</w>) <gloss><q>baby
              goat</q></gloss></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
            <w>bačča</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
            <w>waččak</w>
            <gloss><q>cub</q></gloss></mentioned>: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_GIPh."/>
            <biblScope>I <hi rendition="#rend_italic">2</hi> 71</biblScope></bibl> are considered to
          be cognates of this word), <mentioned xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
            <w>gwask</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
            <w>vasa</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sgy"><lang/>
            <w>wasök</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="isk"><lang/>
            <w>wůsuk</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yah"><lang/>
            <w>wůs</w>, pl. <w>wasaθ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
            <w>wəsk</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="srh"><lang/>
            <w>wišk</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="prc"><lang/>
            <w>γasö</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="oru"><lang/>
            <w>γwac</w></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._EVP"/>
            <biblScope>24</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="lrl"><lang/> (the Bastak
            village) <w>gowac</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xco"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">wasik</w> (<w>wsyk</w>)</mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
            <w>basaka-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
            <w>vatsa-</w>
            <gloss><q>culf</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="x-dardic"><lang/>
            <w>wasāk</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="si"><lang/><w>vassā</w> id.</mentioned>
              (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Turner"/>
            <biblScope>I 655</biblScope></bibl>). — At different times and from different languages
          (from pan-Aryan, pan-Iranian, Scythian, Alanian) this word was borrowed into Finno-Ugric
          languages: <mentioned xml:lang="fi"><lang/>
            <w>vasa</w>, <w>vasikka</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="krl"><lang/>
            <w>vasa</w>, <w>vaza</w>, <w>vaša</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="et"><lang/>
            <w>vasik</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="x-mordvin"><lang/>
            <w>vaz</w>, <w>vaza</w>
            <gloss><q>calf</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="mns"><lang/>
            <w>vësi</w>
            <gloss><q>deer calf</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="hu"><lang/>
            <w>üszö</w>
            <gloss><q>heifer</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><author>Munkácsi</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_KSz."/>
            <biblScope>V 321</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Sköld._Oss."/>
            <biblScope>37</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Collinder"/>
            <biblScope>139</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Korenchy"/>
            <biblScope>83—84</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Joki._UuI"/>
            <biblScope>338—339</biblScope></bibl>). Cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ræwæd"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qūg"/>. About a probable etymological connection between
          <oRef/> and <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ræwæd"/> (<mentioned xml:lang="oos"><w type="rec">wat-sa</w></mentioned> and <mentioned xml:lang="oos"><w type="rec">jra-wata</w></mentioned>) see: <bibl><author>Trubačev</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ВЯ"/>
            <date>1975</date>
            <biblScope>I 134</biblScope></bibl>. — It is unclear whether <mentioned xml:lang="ab"><lang/>
            <w>a-wasa</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="abq"><lang/>
            <w>wasa</w>
            <gloss><q>sheep</q></gloss>, <w>ẋwəs</w>
            <gloss><q>calf</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ce"><lang/>
            <w>esi</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inh"><lang/>
            <w>hasa</w>, <w>hásilg</w> id.</mentioned> relate to the Ossetic word
              (<bibl><author>Šeripov</author>. <title>Russko-čeč. sl.</title>
              [<title>Russian-Chechen dictionary</title>]. <pubPlace>Groznyj</pubPlace>,
              <date>1929</date>, <biblScope>p. 257</biblScope></bibl>). <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
            <biblScope>II 82, III 153</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/>
            <biblScope>24, 75</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
            <biblScope>31</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
      </entry>
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