<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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      <titleStmt>
        <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">mæsyg</hi></title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
    Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
            <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
            <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
      </sourceDesc>
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        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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    <body>
      <entry xml:id="entry_mæsyg" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
        <form xml:id="form_d1857e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>mæsyg</orth></form>
        <form xml:id="form_d1857e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>mæsug</orth></form>
        <sense xml:id="sense_d1857e72"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
            <q>боевая башня</q>
          </abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
            <q>war tower</q>
          </abv:tr></sense>
        <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">. Такие башни составляли неотъемлемую принадлежность
          пейзажа горной Осетии, так же как соседних Сванетии, Балкарии, горных районов восточной
          Грузии, Ингушетии, Чечни. Строились либо в аулах (фамильные башни, например <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d1857e84" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><phr>Makkoty mæsyg</phr></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d1857e87" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><phr>Bocity mæsyg</phr></mentioned>), либо в стратегически важных
          местах, на подступах в ущелье и т. п. (<bibl><title>Народы Кавказа,</title>
            <biblScope>I</biblScope>. <pubPlace>М.</pubPlace>, <date>1960</date>, <biblScope>стр.
              318</biblScope></bibl>). Иметь свою башню считалось делом чести для всей фамилии.
              <quote><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">У <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d1857e104" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><phr>tyxǵyn
                  myggag</phr>
                <gloss>(сильной фамилии)</gloss></mentioned> имелась фамильная башня в 5—7 ярусов, в
              которой могло при обороне от неприятеля укрыться все население аула</q>
            <bibl>(<author>Коста</author>, <title>Сочинения</title>, <biblScope>т. IV</biblScope>,
                <pubPlace>М.</pubPlace>, <date>1960</date>, <biblScope>стр.
            326</biblScope>)</bibl></quote></note>
        <note xml:lang="en" type="comment">. Such towers used to be an integral feature of the
          landscape of highland Ossetia, as well as the neighbouring Svanetia, Balkaria, highland
          regions of eastern Georgia, Ingushetia, Chechnya. They were constructed either in towns
          (clan towers, e.g. <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d1857e128" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><phr>Makkoty mæsyg</phr></mentioned>,
            <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d1857e131" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><phr>Bocity mæsyg</phr></mentioned>), or in
          strategically important locations, in the approaches to the gorge etc.
              (<bibl><title>Narody Kavkaza,</title>
            <biblScope>I</biblScope>. <pubPlace>Moscow</pubPlace>, <date>1960</date>, <biblScope>p.
              318</biblScope></bibl>). Having one’s own tower was considered to be a matter of
          honour for the whole clan. <quote xml:lang="en"><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">A
                <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d1857e148" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><phr>tyxǵyn myggag</phr>
                <gloss>(strong clan)</gloss></mentioned> had a clan tower of 5–7 levels, where all
              the population of the town could hide when defending from an enemy</q><!--<note
              type="footnote">У <quote xml:lang="ru"><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes"><mentioned
                    xml:lang="os-x-iron"><phr>tyxǵyn myggag</phr>
                    <gloss>(сильной фамилии)</gloss></mentioned> имелась фамильная башня в 5—7
                  ярусов, в которой могло при обороне от неприятеля укрыться все население
                аула.</q></quote></note>-->
            <bibl>(<author>Kosta</author>, <title>Sočinenija</title> [Works], <biblScope>vol.
                IV</biblScope>, <pubPlace>Moscow</pubPlace>, <date>1960</date>, <biblScope>p.
                326</biblScope>)</bibl></quote></note>
        <exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d1857e172">
          <example xml:id="example_d1857e174">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>mæsygamajǵytæ</oRef> īw ærx˳ydtoj
              Ʒaraxæj: ūmy irættæ dæsny wydysty</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">строителей башни приглашали из Джераховского
                ущелья: тамошние осетины были мастера</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">they used to invite tower builders from the
                Dzheyrakh gorge: Ossetians from that region were experts</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><biblScope xml:lang="ru">из материалов Е.
                Бараковой</biblScope><biblScope xml:lang="en">from materials of E.
                Barakova</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d1857e199">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ḱʼyræj særst <oRef>mæsg˳ytæ</oRef> sty greḱʼy
              mæsg˳ytæ</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">покрытые известкой башни принадлежат грекам</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">towers covered by lime belong to the Greeks</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАА"/>
              <biblScope>III 94</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d1857e224">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Qoroty dywwæ avdbynaton <oRef>mæsyǵy</oRef>
              arvmæ fæcydysty, cæmæj nawæd kæmæj fætarstajkkoj</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">две семиярусные башни Короевых достигали неба,
                — чего или кого им было бояться</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the two seven-level towers of the Qorotæ
                reached to the sky: what or whom would they fear</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
              <biblScope>52</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d1857e249">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Karsanatæn wydī dywwæ <oRef>mæsyǵy</oRef>
              xæcynæn</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">у (фамилии) Карсановых было две боевые
                башни</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the Karsantæ (clan) had two war towers</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАА"/>
              <biblScope>III 117</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d1857e274">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Poratæ Ʒantiaty nyxmæ <oRef>mæsyg</oRef>
              amajyn bajdydtoj</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Пораевы стали строить башню (для борьбы) против
                Дзантиевых</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">The Poratæ started building a tower (for
                fighting) against the Dzantiatæ</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАА"/>
              <biblScope>III 171</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d1857e300">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">zæxxyl dyn nal bazzad kæninag, — dæ
                <oRef>mæsyg</oRef> amajyn fædæ</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">на земле у тебя не осталось ничего
                незавершенного, — ты достроил свою башню</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">on earth you have nothing left unfinished — you
                have finished building your tower</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
              <biblScope>30</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d1857e325">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Xæmyc… ærx˳y <oRef>mæsyǵy</oRef> særmæ
              scydī</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Хамиц поднялся на верхушку медной башни</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Khæmits climbed to the top of the copper
                tower</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
              <biblScope>I 16</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d1857e350">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ærx˳y <oRef>mæsyǵy</oRef> alyfars ærx˳y
              galwan festad</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">вокруг медной башни появилась медная ограда</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a copper fence appeared around the copper
                tower</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
              <biblScope>IV 50</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d1857e375">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Arag˳yjy dony bylyl — nyr dær ma jæ sīstæ
              ænæxæld sty — læwwydī <oRef>mæsyg</oRef></quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">на берегу реки Арагвы — и сейчас еще ее стены
                не разрушились — стояла башня</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">on the bank of the river Aragvi — its walls are
                still intact — stood a tower</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
              <biblScope>8</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d1857e399">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">cʼæx ajnæǵy gæmæx tīǧyl, marǧ tyxxæjty kædæm
              tæxy, ūm Cogojty bærzond <oRef>mæsyg</oRef> zyny dardmæ cyrtʒævænaw</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">на голом выступе серого утеса, куда с трудом
                долетает птица, там высокая башня Цогоевых видна далеко, как памятник</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">at the bare edge of a grey cliff, where a bird
                reaches with difficulty, there the high tower of the Tsogoytæ is soon from afar, as
                a monument</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Хар._Кадӕг"/>
              <biblScope>67</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d1857e424">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Tajmūrazæn mītæj mæsg˳ytæ fæcamadtoj</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">понастроили Таймуразу снежных башен
                (несбыточных планов, надежд)</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">they built Taymuraz towers (made) of snow
                (unrealizable plans, hopes)</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
              <biblScope>47</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d1857e448">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>mæsyg</oRef> xī dūræj xæly</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">башня разрушается от собственного камня</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the tower is destroyed by its own stone</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><biblScope xml:lang="ru">пословица</biblScope><biblScope xml:lang="en">proverb</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d1857e473">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">wæ, mæ læwgæ xox, wæ, mæ cæwgæ
                <oRef>masyg</oRef>!</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">о (ты, который был) моей недвижимой горой, моей
                движущейся башней!</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">o (you who were) my unmoving mountain, my
                moving tower!</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><biblScope xml:lang="ru">из причитания по
                покойнику</biblScope><biblScope xml:lang="en">from a lament for the
                deceased</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d1857e499" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">duwwæ osi… smedæg æncæ avd wæjugi
              mæsugmæ</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">две женщины шмыгнули в башню семи великанов</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">two women slipped into the tower of the seven
                giants</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/>
              <biblScope>27<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">13</hi></biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d1857e528" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Ese
              <?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20220624T200931+0300" comment="NB: &quot;took and&quot;"?>bazdaxtæj
              æma<?oxy_comment_end ?> osæ wæd, kizgæ wæd, biccew wæd, toxunmæ ka næ aræxstæj, oni
              ewguræj dær bafsnajdta Xætægti ustur mæsugi</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Есе взял и всех, кто не способен был сражаться,
                будь то женщина, девочка или мальчик, укрыл в большой башне Хатаговых</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Yese turned and sheltered all who were unable
                to fight, were it a woman, a girl or a boy, in the great tower of the Xætægtæ</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
              <biblScope>2</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d1857e558" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æ bæcǧatær læg <oRef>mæsugmæ</oRef> ærtæ boni
              næ zinnuj</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ее храбрый муж три дня не показывается в
                башню</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">her brave husband does not show up to the tower
                for three days</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
              <biblScope>21</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d1857e586" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">arvmæ <oRef>mæsug</oRef> amajetæ, xormæ
              skænetæ fændag</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">стройте башню до неба, к солнцу держите
                путь</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">build a tower to the sky, make (your) way to
                the sun</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
              <biblScope>9</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d1857e615" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">bajdædta kosun æxsævæj, bonæj cæræn mæsugbæl
              e kærdgæ doræj</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">стал он работать день и ночь над (сооружением)
                жилой башни из тесаного камня</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he started working day and night on (building)
                a habitable tower from hewn stone</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Bes."/>
              <biblScope>108</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:id="example_d1857e641">
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Ærgæsi <oRef>mæsugæn</oRef>… adtæj fat
              waʒæntæ allirdæmæ</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">у башни Аргаса были бойницы во все стороны</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the tower of Ærgas had loopholes to all
                sides</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Bes."/>
              <biblScope>108</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
        </exampleGrp>
        <re xml:id="re_d1857e667">
          <form xml:id="form_d1857e669" type="lemma"><orth>mæsyggæs</orth></form>
          <sense xml:id="sense_d1857e672"><sense xml:id="sense_d1857e673"><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
                <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" rendition="#rend_doublequotes">сторож
                  башни</q>
              </tr><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
                <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" rendition="#rend_doublequotes">tower
                  guard</q>
              </tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d1857e684"><def xml:lang="ru">воин, постоянно находившийся в башне для
                наблюдения; в случае опасности он зажигал на верхушке башни огонь, что было сигналом
                тревоги (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Хар._Кадӕг"/>
                  <biblScope>67</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАА"/>
                  <biblScope>III 167 сл.</biblScope></bibl>)</def><def xml:lang="en">a warrior who
                was always present in the tower for observation; in case of danger he lit a fire on
                the top of the tower, which was an alarm signal (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Хар._Кадӕг"/>
                  <biblScope>67</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАА"/>
                  <biblScope>III 167
                    <?oxy_comment_start author="irina" timestamp="20220719T133418+0300" comment="NB rus"?>ff<?oxy_comment_end ?>.</biblScope></bibl>)</def></sense></sense>
        </re>
        <etym xml:lang="ru">Сближается с <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1857e995" xml:id="mentioned_d1857e718" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
            <w>μόσ(σ)υν</w>
            <gloss><q>(деревянная) башня</q></gloss> (<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"><bibl><author>Hesych.</author></bibl>: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1857e1007" xml:id="mentioned_d1857e730" xml:lang="grc"><phr>μόσ(σ)υν·
                  πύργος</phr></mentioned></note>; <note type="bibl">cp.: <bibl><author>Aeneas
                  Tacticus</author>. <title>De obsidione toleranda</title>, <biblScope>33,
                  3</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><author>Xen.</author>
                <title>Anab.</title>
                <biblScope>5, 4, 26</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><author>Dion. Halic.</author>
                <biblScope>1, 26</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><author>Strabo</author>
                <biblScope>XII, 3, 18</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><author>Eust.</author>
                <biblScope>765</biblScope></bibl>, и др.</note>)</mentioned>, откуда <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1857e1043" xml:id="mentioned_d1857e766" xml:lang="grc"><w>Μοσ(σ)ύνοικοι</w>
            <gloss>буквально <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">живущие в башнях</q></gloss>:
              <gloss>1. название народности, населявшей юго-восточное побережье Понта <note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Her.</author>
                  <biblScope>III 94, VII 78</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><author>Xen</author>.
                    <title>Anab.</title>
                  <biblScope>5, 4, 1—3, 8, 11—17, 22—34</biblScope></bibl>;
                    <bibl><author>Scyl.</author>
                  <biblScope>86, 87</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><author>Scymn.</author>
                  <biblScope>900</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><author>Diod. Sic.</author>
                  <biblScope>14, 30</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><author>Strabo</author>
                  <biblScope>XII 3, 18</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><author>Val. Flacc.</author>
                  <biblScope>5, 152</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><author>Amm. Marc.</author>
                  <biblScope>22, 8</biblScope></bibl>, и др.)</note></gloss>; <gloss>2. название
              народа в Великой Фригии с главным городом <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1857e1101" xml:id="mentioned_d1857e824" xml:lang="xpg"><w>Mossyna</w>
                <note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Plin.</author>
                    <biblScope>5, 3, 33; 6,
            126</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned></gloss></mentioned>. Об исконном родстве
          осетинского и греческого слова не может быть речи: осетинскому <c>s</c> между гласными не
          может отвечать гр. <c>σ</c>. К тому же <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1857e1116" xml:id="mentioned_d1857e839" xml:lang="grc"><w>μόσυν</w></mentioned>
          самими греками ощущалось как <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">варварское</q> слово и
          современными специалистами считается чуждым греческому языку.<note xml:lang="ru" type="footnote"><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Boisacq">Boisacq</ref></bibl> даже
            не включил это слово в свой втимологический словарь.</note> Может быть, в греческий
          слово заимствовано из иранского? Но и для такого предположения нет достаточных оснований:
          кроме ос. <oRef/>, на иранской почве ничего подходящего не видно. Остается, стало быть,
          думать, что и в греческий и в осетинский слово вошло из какой-то третьей этнической среды,
          которая имела контакты и с греками и со скифами. Такой средой были фракийские племена, а
          также фригийские до их передвижения из Македонии в Малую Азию. На фрако-фригийской почве и
          следует искать, всего вероятнее, родину слова <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1857e1131" xml:id="mentioned_d1857e854" xml:lang="grc"><w>μόσυν</w></mentioned>. В пользу этого говорит название фригийского города <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1857e1101" xml:id="mentioned_d1857e857" xml:lang="xpg"><w>Mossyna</w></mentioned> (см. выше), а также название местности во
          Фракии <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1857e1137" xml:id="mentioned_d1857e860" xml:lang="txh"><w>Μόσσυνος</w>
            <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(<quote><bibl><author>Athen.</author>
                  <biblScope>7. 345 e</biblScope></bibl>: <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">…περί
                  Μόσσυνον τῆς Θρᾴκης βοῦς…</q></quote>)</note></mentioned> и название города в той
          же Фракии <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1857e1153" xml:id="mentioned_d1857e876" xml:lang="txh"><w>Μοσυνόπολις</w>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Ephr.</author> mon. <biblScope>5694,
                7816</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Было ли во фракийском или фригийском
          это слово индоевропейским наследием (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1857e1164" xml:id="mentioned_d1857e887" xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">moḱu-</w></mentioned>?) или оно идет из какого-то доиндоевропейского
          балканского субстрата (таково мнение <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Кречмера</hi>) —
          решить трудно. — <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Штакельберг</hi> считал ос. <oRef/>
          заимствованным из <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1857e1178" xml:id="mentioned_d1857e901" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
            <w>muškū</w>
            <gloss>1. <q>templum idolicum</q></gloss>, <gloss>2. <q>gynaeceum regium</q></gloss>,
              <gloss>3. <q>domus suprema</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_MSt."/>
            <biblScope>89</biblScope></bibl>). Однако и значения и форма плохо согласуются. Не
          убеждает также сопоставление ос. <oRef/> с <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d1857e926"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1857e1204" xml:id="mentioned_d1857e927" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
              <w>Μεσχίθα</w>, <w>Μεστχῆθα</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1857e1211" xml:id="mentioned_d1857e934" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
              <w>Mcxeta</w></mentioned>
            <gloss>название древней столицы Грузии</gloss></mentioned>
              (<bibl><author>Altheim</author> und <author>Stiehl</author>. <title>Die aramäische
              Sprache unter den Achaimeniden</title>. <date>1963</date>, <biblScope>стр.
              256</biblScope></bibl>).<lb/><bibl><author>Lidén</author>. <title>Folknamnet
              Mosynoiker</title>. <title type="j">Strena phil. Persson</title>, <date>1922</date>,
              <biblScope>стр. 393—396</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Jokl</author>, <title type="j">Eberts Reallexikon der Vorgeschichte</title>, <biblScope>Bd. 13, стр.
              291</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Kretschmer</author>, <title type="j">Glotta</title>, <biblScope>Bd. 22, 1933, стр. 112</biblScope></bibl>. —
              <bibl><author>Detschew</author>. <title>Die thrakischen Sprachreste</title>.
              <pubPlace>Wien</pubPlace>, <date>1957</date>, <biblScope>стр. 311
            сл.</biblScope></bibl></etym>
        <etym xml:lang="en">Resembles <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1857e718" xml:id="mentioned_d1857e995" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
            <w>μόσ(σ)υν</w>
            <gloss><q>(wooden) tower</q></gloss> (<note xml:lang="en" type="comment"><bibl><author>Hesych.</author></bibl>: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1857e730" xml:id="mentioned_d1857e1007" xml:lang="grc"><phr>μόσ(σ)υν·
                  πύργος</phr></mentioned></note>; <note type="bibl">cf.: <bibl><author>Aeneas
                  Tacticus</author>. <title>De obsidione toleranda</title>, <biblScope>33,
                  3</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><author>Xen.</author>
                <title>Anab.</title>
                <biblScope>5, 4, 26</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><author>Dion. Halic.</author>
                <biblScope>1, 26</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><author>Strabo</author>
                <biblScope>XII, 3, 18</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><author>Eust.</author>
                <biblScope>765</biblScope></bibl>, etc.</note>)</mentioned>, whence <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1857e766" xml:id="mentioned_d1857e1043" xml:lang="grc"><w>Μοσ(σ)ύνοικοι</w>
            <gloss>lit. <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">tower-dwellers</q></gloss>: <gloss>1. name
              of a tribe that inhabited the south-eastern coast of the Pontus <note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Her.</author>
                  <biblScope>III 94, VII 78</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><author>Xen</author>.
                    <title>Anab.</title>
                  <biblScope>5, 4, 1—3, 8, 11—17, 22—34</biblScope></bibl>;
                    <bibl><author>Scyl.</author>
                  <biblScope>86, 87</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><author>Scymn.</author>
                  <biblScope>900</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><author>Diod. Sic.</author>
                  <biblScope>14, 30</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><author>Strabo</author>
                  <biblScope>XII 3, 18</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><author>Val. Flacc.</author>
                  <biblScope>5, 152</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><author>Amm. Marc.</author>
                  <biblScope>22, 8</biblScope></bibl>, etc.)</note></gloss>; <gloss>2. name of a
              tribe in Greater Phrygia with the capital city <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1857e824" xml:id="mentioned_d1857e1101" xml:lang="xpg"><w>Mossyna</w>
                <note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Plin.</author>
                    <biblScope>5, 3, 33; 6,
            126</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned></gloss></mentioned>. Cognacy between the
          Ossetic and the Greek words is out of the question: Ossetic intervocal <c>s</c> cannot
          correspond to Greek <c>σ</c>. Moreover, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1857e839" xml:id="mentioned_d1857e1116" xml:lang="grc"><w>μόσυν</w></mentioned>
          was viewed as a <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Barbarian</q> word by the Greeks
          themselves and is considered to be alien to the Greek language by modern scholars.<note type="footnote"><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Boisacq">Boisacq</ref></bibl> did
            not even include this word in his etymological dictionary.</note> May this word be a
          loanword from Iranian into Greek? But there is no sufficient evidence for this conjecture
          either: except Ossetic <oRef/>, no correspondences in Iranian are attested. One, then, has
          to assume that the word entered into both Greek and Ossetic from some third ethnic
          environment which had contact with both Greeks and Scythians. Thracian tribes were such an
          environment, as well as the Phrygians before their migration from Macedonia to Asia Minor.
          It is probably in the Thraco-Phrygian milieu that the origin of the word <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1857e854" xml:id="mentioned_d1857e1131" xml:lang="grc"><w>μόσυν</w></mentioned> should be looked for. Some arguments in favour
          of this are the name of a Phrygian city <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1857e824" xml:id="mentioned_d1857e1134" xml:lang="xpg"><w>Mossyna</w></mentioned> (see above), the name of an area in Thrace <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1857e860" xml:id="mentioned_d1857e1137" xml:lang="txh"><w>Μόσσυνος</w>
            <note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(<quote><bibl><author>Athen.</author>
                  <biblScope>7. 345 e</biblScope></bibl>: <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">…περί
                  Μόσσυνον τῆς Θρᾴκης βοῦς…</q></quote>)</note></mentioned>, and the name of a city
          also in Thrace <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1857e876" xml:id="mentioned_d1857e1153" xml:lang="txh"><w>Μοσυνόπολις</w>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Ephr.</author> mon. <biblScope>5694,
                7816</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Deciding whether this word was an
          Indo-European inheritance (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1857e887" xml:id="mentioned_d1857e1164" xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">moḱu-</w></mentioned>?) in Phrygian and Thracian, or it comes from some
          pre-Indo-European Balkan substratum (the opinion of <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Kretschmer</hi>) is difficult. — <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Stackelberg</hi>
          considered Ossetic <oRef/> to be a loan from <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1857e901" xml:id="mentioned_d1857e1178" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
            <w>muškū</w>
            <gloss>1. <q>templum idolicum</q></gloss>, <gloss>2. <q>gynaeceum regium</q></gloss>,
              <gloss>3. <q>domus suprema</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_MSt."/>
            <biblScope>89</biblScope></bibl>). But both meaning and form correspond poorly. The
          comparison of Ossetic <oRef/> with <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d1857e1203"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1857e927" xml:id="mentioned_d1857e1204" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
              <w>Μεσχίθα</w>, <w>Μεστχῆθα</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1857e934" xml:id="mentioned_d1857e1211" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
              <w>Mcxeta</w></mentioned>
            <gloss>name of the ancient Georgian capital</gloss></mentioned>
              (<bibl><author>Altheim</author> und <author>Stiehl</author>. <title>Die aramäische
              Sprache unter den Achaimeniden</title>. <date>1963</date>, <biblScope>p.
              256</biblScope></bibl>) is also unconvincing.<lb/><bibl><author>Lidén</author>.
              <title>Folknamnet Mosynoiker</title>. <title type="j">Strena phil. Persson</title>,
              <date>1922</date>, <biblScope>pp. 393—396</biblScope></bibl>. —
              <bibl><author>Jokl</author>, <title type="j">Eberts Reallexikon der
              Vorgeschichte</title>, <biblScope>Bd. 13, p. 291</biblScope></bibl>. —
              <bibl><author>Kretschmer</author>, <title type="j">Glotta</title>, <biblScope>Bd. 22,
              1933, p. 112</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Detschew</author>. <title>Die
              thrakischen Sprachreste</title>. <pubPlace>Wien</pubPlace>, <date>1957</date>,
              <biblScope>p. 311 ff.</biblScope></bibl></etym>
      </entry>
    </body>
  </text>
</TEI>