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      <titleStmt>
        <title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">warzyn</hi></title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
    Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
            <title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
            <publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
      </sourceDesc>
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        <rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
        <rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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      <entry xml:id="entry_warzyn" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
        <form xml:id="form_d1755e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>warzyn</orth><form type="participle"><orth>warzt</orth></form></form>
        <form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>warzun</orth><form type="participle"><orth>warzt</orth></form></form>
        <sense xml:id="sense_d1755e69">
          <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
            <q>любить</q>
          </abv:tr>
          <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
            <q>to love</q>
          </abv:tr>
        </sense>
        <re>
          <form type="lemma"><orth>bawarzyn</orth></form>
          <sense>
            <sense>
              <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
                <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">полюбить</q>
              </tr>
              <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
                <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">grow fond of smb.</q>
              </tr>
            </sense>
            <sense>
              <abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
                <q>влюбиться</q>
              </abv:tr>
              <abv:tr xml:lang="en">
                <q>fall in love</q>
              </abv:tr>
            </sense>
          </sense>
        </re>
        <exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>warz</oRef> næ bæstæ</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">люби наш край</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">love our land</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
              <biblScope>28</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">udon cærgæ-cæryn <oRef>warztoj</oRef>
              kæræʒījy</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">эти (двое) при жизни любили друг друга</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">these (two) loved each other when they were
                alive</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
              <biblScope>72</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">jæ ūdy jas dæw ḱī <oRef>warzy</oRef>…</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">кто любит тебя, как свою душу</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">who loves you as his soul</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
              <biblScope>110</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ūrsdællagq˳yr dæ, sawærfyg, bīræ dæ ūmæn
                <oRef>bawarzton</oRef></quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">белошеяя ты, чернобровая, поэтому я полюбил
                тебя так сильно</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">you are white-necked, black-browed, this is why
                I have grown so fond of you</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Munk."/>
              <biblScope>196</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Misirbij adæmi næ <oRef>warzta</oRef> æma sin
              æxwædæg dær warzon næ adtæj</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Мисирби не любил людей и сам не был ими
                любим</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Misirbi did not like people and was not beloved
                by them himself</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
              <biblScope>126–127</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>warzton</oRef>
              <?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20231107T225331+0300" comment="NB: что за форма?"?>æza<?oxy_comment_end ?>
              dæ far­ smæ kosun</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">мне нравилось работать рядом с тобой</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I liked working beside you</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Тайм._Мӕ_зӕрд."/>
              <biblScope>42</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
            <usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">i ældari osæ Qansawbiji zærdibuntæj
                <oRef>niwwarzta</oRef></quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">жена князя всем сердцем влюбилась в
                Кансаубия</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the prince’s wife fell in love with Qansawbi
                with all her heart</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_DZ"/>
              <biblScope>74</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
          <example>
            <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æz wæ k˳yd bawarzton, aftæ smax dær
                <oRef>warzūt</oRef> kæræʒī</quote>
            <tr xml:lang="ru">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">как Я возлюбил вас, так и вы да любите друг
                друга</q>
            </tr>
            <tr xml:lang="en">
              <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">as I have loved you, that ye also love one
                another</q>
            </tr>
            <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Иоанн"/>
              <biblScope><hi rendition="#rend_italic">13</hi> 34</biblScope></bibl>
          </example>
        </exampleGrp>
        <re>
          <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">Из идиом, в которых участвует глагол <w>warzyn</w>,
            следует выделить сочетание </note>
          <note xml:lang="en" type="comment">From among the idioms involving the verb <w>warzyn</w>
            we must single out the expression </note>
          <re>
            <form type="lemma"><orth>cæst warzy</orth><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_cæst"><w>cæst</w>
                  <gloss><q>глаз</q></gloss></ref>)</note><note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_cæst"><w>cæst</w>
                  <gloss><q>eye</q></gloss></ref>)</note></form>
            <exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
              <example>
                <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mæ cæst dyn warzy</quote>
                <tr xml:lang="ru">
                  <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">мне для тебя не жаль</q>
                  <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">я тебе этого желаю</q>
                </tr>
                <tr xml:lang="en">
                  <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20231108T001207+0300" comment="?"?>I
                    do not grudge you<?oxy_comment_end ?></q>
                  <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I wish it for you</q>
                </tr>
              </example>
            </exampleGrp>
          </re>
          <re>
            <form type="lemma"><orth>cæst næ <oRef>warzy</oRef></orth></form>
            <sense>
              <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
                <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">жаль</q>
              </tr>
              <tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
                <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20231108T001202+0300" comment="?"?>begrudge(s)<?oxy_comment_end ?></q>
                <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">feel(s) sorry</q>
              </tr>
            </sense>
            <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (отсюда <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>cæstwarzon</w>
                <gloss><q>доброжелательный</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>næcæstwarzon</w>
                <gloss><q>недоброжелательный</q></gloss></mentioned>)</note>
            <note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (whence <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>cæstwarzon</w>
                <gloss><q>well-wishing</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>næcæstwarzon</w>
                <gloss><q>ill-disposed</q></gloss></mentioned>)</note>
            <exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
              <example>
                <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">X˳ycawæn jæ <oRef>cæst næ warzta</oRef>
                  ævippajdy fesafyn Narty</quote>
                <tr xml:lang="ru">
                  <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Богу было жаль сразу погубить Нартов</q>
                </tr>
                <tr xml:lang="en">
                  <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">God felt sorry to destroy the Narts
                    immediately</q>
                </tr>
                <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭп."/>
                  <biblScope>53</biblScope></bibl>
              </example>
              <example>
                <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">læppūjæn jæ <oRef>cæst næ bawarzta</oRef>
                  amaryn ḱyzǵy</quote>
                <tr xml:lang="ru">
                  <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">юноше жаль было убить девушку</q>
                </tr>
                <tr xml:lang="en">
                  <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the young man was sorry to kill the
                    girl</q>
                </tr>
                <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАА"/>
                  <biblScope>II 111</biblScope></bibl>
              </example>
              <example>
                <quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">rajqal kodta jæ læppūty, kæd sæ jæ
                    <oRef>cæst næ warzta</oRef> wæddær</quote>
                <tr xml:lang="ru">
                  <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">она разбудила своих мальчиков, хотя ей было
                    их жаль</q>
                </tr>
                <tr xml:lang="en">
                  <q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">she woke up her boys, although she felt
                    pity for them</q>
                </tr>
                <bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
                  <biblScope>1957 III 59</biblScope></bibl>
              </example>
            </exampleGrp>
          </re>
        </re>
        <etym xml:lang="ru"><bibl><author>Petersson</author> (<title>Arische und armenische
              Studien</title>. <pubPlace>Lund</pubPlace>, <date>1920</date>, <biblScope>стр.
              128</biblScope>)</bibl> сближал с <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
            <w>gełǰ</w>
            <gloss><q>желание</q></gloss></mentioned> и возводил к <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">welǵh-</w></mentioned>. Мы возводим к <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">warz-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">werg-</w>
            <gloss><q>действовать</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
                <biblScope>1168</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. В генезисе слово было
          связано, видимо, с древними магическими представлениями и означало в активном залоге
              <gloss><q>чародействовать (на пользу или во вред кому-либо)</q></gloss>, в
          медиопассивном — <gloss><q>быть зачарованным</q></gloss>. Магическая семантика без труда
          распознается в ряде языков: <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
            <w>warz</w>
            <gloss><q>чары</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>колдовство</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="oru"><lang/>
            <w>waž-</w>
            <gloss><q>заклинать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
              <w type="rec">warz</w> (<w>wrz</w>) <gloss><q>чудо</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><w>wrzkʼry</w>
              <gloss><q>transformation magique</q></gloss></mentioned>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_JA"/>
                <biblScope>1933, стр. 236<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">112</hi></biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
            <w>ворожить</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="cs"><lang/>
            <w>vražiti</w>
            <gloss><q>колдовать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>желать</q></gloss>,
              <gloss><q>проклинать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="bg"><lang/>
            <w>вража́</w>
            <gloss><q>колдун</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
            <w>ὄργια</w>
            <gloss><q>мистерия</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>священнодействие</q></gloss></mentioned>. С <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">демагизацией</q> семантики слово означает просто
              <gloss><q>действовать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>делать</q></gloss>,
              <gloss><q>работать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>возделывать землю</q></gloss> и т.п.:
            <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
            <w>warzīdan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
            <w>warzītan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
            <w>varəz-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
            <w>wirken</w>, <w>Werk</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
            <w>ἔργον</w></mentioned> и пр. Связь понятий <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">дело</q>—<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">чародейство</q> в примитивном мышлении
          иллюстрируется многими примерами. Ср. ос. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kælæn"><w>kælæn</w>
            <gloss><q>чары</q></gloss></ref> из <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">karyana-</w>
            <note type="comment">от <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>kar-</w>
                <gloss><q>делать</q></gloss></mentioned></note></mentioned>, от этой же базы в
            <lang>древнеиндийском</lang> имеем <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>kartra-</w>,
              <w>kṛtya-</w>
            <gloss><q>колдовство</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>чары</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>kṛtyakṛt-</w>
            <gloss><q>колдун</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
            <w>keréti</w>
            <gloss><q>наводить порчу чарами</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><w>keras</w>
            <gloss><q>чары</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
            <w>чары</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><w>чародей</w></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hoffmann._Aufsätze"/>
            <biblScope>II 24—25</biblScope></bibl>); далее <mentioned xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
            <w>po-tvorъ</w>
            <gloss><q>колдовство</q></gloss>
            <note type="comment">от <mentioned xml:lang="cu"><w>tvoriti</w>
                <gloss><q>делать</q></gloss></mentioned></note></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="la-x-late"><lang/>
              <w>factura</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="it"><lang/>
              <w>fattura</w></mentioned>
            <gloss><q>колдовство</q></gloss>
            <note type="comment">от <mentioned xml:lang="la"><w>facio</w>
                <gloss><q>делать</q></gloss></mentioned></note></mentioned> и др. (<quote><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Schrader"/>
              <biblScope>II 678, § 6, s. v. Zauber</biblScope></bibl>: <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">zaubern = machen, tun schlechthin</q></quote>). С
          другой стороны, <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">чары</q> и <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">любовь</q> также оказываются семантически связанными; ср.
              <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
              <w>pri-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
              <w>frī-</w></mentioned>
            <gloss><q>любить</q></gloss></mentioned>, при <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
            <w>ā-frī-</w>
            <gloss><q>наводить чары</q></gloss>,
            <gloss><q>благословлять—проклинать</q></gloss></mentioned> (см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_arfæ"/>: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИЭС_I"/>
            <biblScope>63—64</biblScope></bibl>). В сочетании <oRef>cæst warzyn</oRef>
          <gloss><q>желать кому-либо чего-либо</q></gloss> (см. выше) еще просвечивает значение
              <gloss><q>ворожить</q></gloss>. В самом деле, <mentioned xml:lang="os-x-iron"><phr>mæ
              cæst yn warzy</phr>
            <gloss><q>я ему желаю</q></gloss></mentioned> в буквальном переводе означало бы
              <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">мой глаз для него любит</q></gloss>, что
          звучит не очень осмысленно. А вот <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">мой глаз для
              него ворожит</q></gloss> как нельзя лучше согласуется с известными представлениями о
            <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">хорошем и дурном глазе</q>. Значение
              <gloss><q>любить</q></gloss> для <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">warz-</w></mentioned> было, видимо, не чуждо и другим иранским языкам. Оно отражено в
          личных именах: <mentioned xml:lang="peo"><lang/>
            <w>Arta-vardiya-</w>
            <note type="comment">(← <w type="rec">Arta-warzya</w>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
            <w>Ašawarzan</w>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Justi"/>
                <biblScope>43</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><w>Μιθροβαρζανης</w>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Justi"/>
                <biblScope>208—209</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
            <w>βγwʼrz</w> (<w type="rec">Baga-warza</w>) <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Муг"/>
                <biblScope>I 53, II 216</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Эти имена означают
              <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">любящий бога</q></gloss> или <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">любимый богом</q></gloss> и построены по той же модели,
          что <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
            <w>θεοφιλής</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
            <w>Gottlieb</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
            <w>Amadeus</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sla"><lang/>
            <w>Богумил</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ar"><lang/>
            <w>Ḥabībullah</w></mentioned> и т.п. На новоиранской почве ср. в особенности <mentioned xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
            <w>bilîn</w>
            <note type="comment">(из <w type="rec">wṛd-</w> ← <w type="rec">wṛz-</w>?)</note>
            <gloss><q>увлечься</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>усердно заняться чем-либо</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Курдоев"/>
                <biblScope>116</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. — <mentioned xml:lang="ru-x-dial"><lang>Русск.</lang>
            <note type="comment">(диал.)</note>
            <w>вразитъся</w>
            <gloss><q>влюбиться</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Филин._Словарь"/>
                <biblScope>V 183</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, если из <w type="rec">варз-</w> (с закономерным для русского <c>-ар-</c> → <c>-ра-</c>), представляет,
          возможно, заимствование из скифского или аланского.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
            <biblScope>I 579—586</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
        <etym xml:lang="en"><bibl><author>Petersson</author> (<title>Arische und armenische
              Studien</title>. <pubPlace>Lund</pubPlace>, <date>1920</date>, <biblScope>p.
              128</biblScope>)</bibl> connected this word to <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
            <w>gełǰ</w>
            <gloss><q>a wish</q></gloss></mentioned> and derived from <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">welǵh-</w></mentioned>. We derive it from <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">warz-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
            <w type="rec">werg-</w>
            <gloss><q>to act</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
                <biblScope>1168</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. In its origin the word was
          apparently connected to ancient magic notions and in the active voice meant <gloss><q>do
              magic (in favour or against smb.)</q></gloss>, in the mediopassive, <gloss><q>be
              charmed</q></gloss>. The magical semantics is easily recognized in a number of
          languages: <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
            <w>warz</w>
            <gloss><q>magic</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>sorcery</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="oru"><lang/>
            <w>waž-</w>
            <gloss><q>cast a spell</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
              <w type="rec">warz</w> (<w>wrz</w>) <gloss><q>a wonder</q></gloss></mentioned>,
              <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><w>wrzkʼry</w>
              <gloss><q><foreign>transformation magique</foreign></q></gloss></mentioned>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_JA"/>
                <biblScope>1933, p. 236<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">112</hi></biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
            <w>vorožitʼ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="cs"><lang/>
            <w>vražiti</w>
            <gloss><q>do magic</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>to wish</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>to
              curse</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="bg"><lang/>
            <w>vražá</w>
            <gloss><q>wizard</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
            <w>ὄργια</w>
            <gloss><q>mystery</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>religious rite</q></gloss></mentioned>. With
          the <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">de-magisation</q> of its semantics the word means
          simply <gloss><q>act</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>do</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>work</q></gloss>,
              <gloss><q>till the earth</q></gloss> etc.: <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
            <w>warzīdan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
            <w>warzītan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
            <w>varəz-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
            <w>wirken</w>, <w>Werk</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
            <w>ἔργον</w></mentioned> etc. The connection between the notions <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">work</q>—<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">magic</q> in
          the primitive way of thinking is illustrated by many examples. Cf. Ossetic <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kælæn"><w>kælæn</w>
            <gloss><q>witchcraft</q></gloss></ref> from <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">karyana-</w>
            <note type="comment">from <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>kar-</w>
                <gloss><q>do</q></gloss></mentioned></note></mentioned>, from the same stem in
            <lang>Old Indic</lang> we find <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>kartra-</w>,
              <w>kṛtya-</w>
            <gloss><q>sorcery</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>witchcraft</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>kṛtyakṛt-</w>
            <gloss><q>wizard</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
            <w>keréti</w>
            <gloss><q>to hex</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><w>keras</w>
            <gloss><q>witchcraft</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
            <w>čary</w>
            <gloss><q>witchcraft</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><w>čarodej</w>
            <gloss><q>wizard</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hoffmann._Aufsätze"/>
            <biblScope>II 24—25</biblScope></bibl>); further <mentioned xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
            <w>po-tvorъ</w>
            <gloss><q>sorcery</q></gloss>
            <note type="comment">from <mentioned xml:lang="cu"><w>tvoriti</w>
                <gloss><q>do</q></gloss></mentioned></note></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="la-x-late"><lang/>
              <w>factura</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="it"><lang/>
              <w>fattura</w></mentioned>
            <gloss><q>sorcery</q></gloss>
            <note type="comment">from <mentioned xml:lang="la"><w>facio</w>
                <gloss><q>do</q></gloss></mentioned></note></mentioned> etc. (<quote><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Schrader"/>
              <biblScope>II 678, § 6, s. v. Zauber</biblScope></bibl>: <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">zaubern = machen, tun schlechthin</q></quote>). On the
          other hand, <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">witchcraft</q> and <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">love</q> also appear semantically connected; cf.
              <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
              <w>pri-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
              <w>frī-</w></mentioned>
            <gloss><q>love</q></gloss></mentioned>, alongside <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
            <w>ā-frī-</w>
            <gloss><q>cast a spell</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>bless—curse</q></gloss></mentioned> (see
            <ref type="xr" target="#entry_arfæ"/>: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИЭС_I"/>
            <biblScope>63—64</biblScope></bibl>). In the expression <oRef>cæst warzyn</oRef>
          <gloss><q>wish something for someone</q></gloss> (see above) the meaning <gloss><q>to cast
              magic</q></gloss> is still discernible. Indeed, <mentioned xml:lang="os-x-iron"><phr>mæ cæst yn warzy</phr>
            <gloss><q>I wish him</q></gloss></mentioned> would mean, translated literally, <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">my eye loves for him</q></gloss>, which does not make
          much sense. But <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">my eye casts magic for
            him</q></gloss> perfectly correponds to the widespread notion of <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">good and evil eye</q>. The meaning <gloss><q>to
            love</q></gloss> of <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">warz-</w></mentioned> was
          apparently not unheard of in other Iranian languages either. It is reflected in proper
          names: <mentioned xml:lang="peo"><lang/>
            <w>Arta-vardiya-</w>
            <note type="comment">(← <w type="rec">Arta-warzya</w>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
            <w>Ašawarzan</w>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Justi"/>
                <biblScope>43</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><w>Μιθροβαρζανης</w>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Justi"/>
                <biblScope>208—209</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
            <w>βγwʼrz</w> (<w type="rec">Baga-warza</w>) <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Муг"/>
                <biblScope>I 53, II 216</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. These names mean
              <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">god-loving</q></gloss> or <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">beloved by god</q></gloss> and follow the same model as
            <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
            <w>θεοφιλής</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
            <w>Gottlieb</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
            <w>Amadeus</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sla"><lang/>
            <w>Bogumil</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ar"><lang/>
            <w>Ḥabībullah</w></mentioned> etc. In New Iranian see in particular <mentioned xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
            <w>bilîn</w>
            <note type="comment">(from <w type="rec">wṛd-</w> ← <w type="rec">wṛz-</w>?)</note>
            <gloss><q>take a fancy</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>diligently get occupied with
              something</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Курдоев"/>
                <biblScope>116</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. — <mentioned xml:lang="ru-x-dial"><lang>Russian</lang>
            <note type="comment">(dialectal)</note>
            <w>vrazitʼsja</w>
            <gloss><q>fall in love</q></gloss>
            <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Филин._Словарь"/>
                <biblScope>V 183</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, if it is from <w type="rec">varz-</w> (with the regular Russian change <c>-ar-</c> → <c>-ra-</c>) is possibly a
          loanword from Scythian or Alanic.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
            <biblScope>I 579—586</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
      </entry>
    </body>
  </text>
</TEI>