232 lines
17 KiB
XML
232 lines
17 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <w>æfsnajyn</w></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "<gloss><q>" "</q></gloss>";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_æfsnajyn" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240130T113307+0300" comment="checked"?>
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<form xml:id="form_d2861e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>æfsnajyn</orth>
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<form xml:id="form_d2861e68" type="participle"><orth>æfsnajd</orth></form></form><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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<form xml:id="form_d2861e71" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>æfsnajun</orth>
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<form xml:id="form_d2861e73" type="participle"><orth>æfsnajd</orth></form></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2861e76">
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2861e77">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>убирать</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>to put away</q>
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<q>to remove</q>
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<q>to arrange</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2861e86">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>прибирать</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>to tidy up</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d2861e96">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2861e98">
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<quote>wat ʒæbæx <oRef>æfsnajd</oRef>; k’ūltyl gawyztæ</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>комната хорошо убрана; на стенах ковры</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>the room is well cleaned; (there are) carpets on the walls</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/>
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<biblScope>7</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2861e117" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>Borxati xæʒaræ mægur <oRef>æfsnajd</oRef></quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>дом Борхаевых бедно обставлен</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>the house of the Borkhatæ is poorly furnished</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Æduli"/>
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<biblScope>89</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2861e139">
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<quote>xor æmæ xosæj xast, saponæj nad… dardta jyn j’ astærd jæ kævdæs
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<oRef>æfsnajd</oRef></quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>выкормленный зерном и сеном, обмытый мылом (конь)… пол и кормушку его
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(хозяин) держал убранными</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>(the horse was) fed with grain and hay, washed with soap … (the
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owner) kept its floor and its feeder
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240130T111217+0300" comment="or "in order", "arranged"?"?>well-cleaned<?oxy_comment_end ?></q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Xar._Zærdæ"/>
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<biblScope>58</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2861e158" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>otemæj, mæ xor, næ fiddæltæ ewnæg bon ærtindæs mardi
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<oRef>bafsnajdtoncæ</oRef></quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>таким образом, мое солнышко, наши предки в один день убрали (=
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похоронили) тринадцать покойников</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>thus, my dear, our ancestors removed (= buried) thirteen dead in one
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day</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
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<biblScope>I 100</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2861e180" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>otemæj æ ærtæ æznagej <oRef>bafsnajdta</oRef></quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>таким образом, он убрал (= умертвил) трех своих врагов</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>thus he removed (= killed) his three enemies</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
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<biblScope>19</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2861e203">
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<quote>ʒwary læg balcy wydī æmæ jyn kūvændony dæǧæltæ jæ xæʒary
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<oRef>æfsnajd</oRef> wydysty</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>жрец был в отлучке, а ключи святилища были у него спрятаны дома</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>the priest was away, and the keys of the sanctuary were hidden in his
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house</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
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<biblScope>177</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2861e222">
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<quote>xæmpūs kʼūxty assæsta æxca æmæ sæ jæ ʒyppy
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<oRef>afsnajdta</oRef></quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>в пухлых руках она скомкала деньги и спрятала их в карман</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>she crumpled up the money in her plump hands and hid it in her
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pocket</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Arsen"/>
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<biblScope>40</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2861e241">
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<quote>Slantæm nyllyǧd, jæ sær ūdonmæ <oRef>bafsnajdta</oRef></quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>он бежал к Слановым, у них укрыл свою голову</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>he ran to the Slantæ, he hid his head at their place</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
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<biblScope>66</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2861e260">
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<quote>cæmænnæ wæ særtæ <oRef>æfsnajūt</oRef>?</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>почему вы не убираете ваши головы? (т. е. почему не прячетесь от
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опасности)</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>why don’t you put your heads away? (i.e. why aren’t you hiding from
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danger)</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Munk."/>
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<biblScope>108</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2861e279">
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<quote>arv æma zænxæ kæræʒej xwastoncæ; sirdtæ, mærǧtæ sæxe arf
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<oRef>bafsnajdtoncæ</oRef></quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>небо и земля колотились друг о друга (во время грозы); звери и птицы
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глубоко попрятались</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>heaven and earth pounded against each other (during a thunderstorm);
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animals and birds hid deep</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
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<biblScope>1940 III 58</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Сращение преверба <mentioned xml:lang="os"><m>æf-</m>
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<note type="comment">(<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><m>ара-</m></mentioned> или
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<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><m>abi-</m></mentioned>)</note></mentioned> с основой <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>snā</w> (<w>xšnā-</w>) <gloss><q>мыть</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>чистить</q></gloss></mentioned> и пр. Эту основу мы
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находим еще в глаголах <ref type="xr" target="#entry_najyn"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">najyn</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">najun</w>
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<gloss><q>купать</q></gloss>, <gloss xml:lang="os-x-digor">в <lang/>
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<q>переходить в брод</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_naj"><w>naj</w>
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<gloss><q>молотьба</q></gloss> (<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">уборка</q></gloss>)</ref> и <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7xsyn"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">æxsyn</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">æxsnun</w>
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<gloss><q>мыть</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>стирать</q></gloss></ref>. Такому
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разъяснению может препятствовать не столько отход значения
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(<gloss><q>мыть</q></gloss> ↔ <gloss><q>убирать</q></gloss>, ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_naj"><w>naj</w>
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<gloss><q>молотьба</q></gloss></ref>), сколько различие форм прошедшей
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основы: с одной стороны <ref type="xr" target="#entry_najyn"><w>najyn</w> :
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<w>nad</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7xsyn" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><w>æxsnun</w> : <w>æxsnad</w></ref>, с другой
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<oRef>æfsnajyn</oRef> : <oRef>æfsnajd</oRef>. Однако это расхождение может
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быть вторичным, по аналогии с <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sajyn"><w>sajyn</w>
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: <w>sajd</w></ref> и т. п. Сюда <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2861e347" xml:id="mentioned_d2861e312" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>fsnʼy-</w>
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<gloss><q>мыть</q></gloss></mentioned>? (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Henning._Sogd."/>
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<biblScope>31<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">18</hi>,
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34</biblScope></bibl>). См. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_najyn"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7xsyn"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">æxsyn</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">æxsnun</w></ref>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
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<biblScope>24</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Fusion of the preverb <mentioned xml:lang="os"><m>æf-</m>
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<note type="comment">(<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><m>ара-</m></mentioned> or
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<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><m>abi-</m></mentioned>)</note></mentioned> with the stem <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>snā</w> (<w>xšnā-</w>)
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240130T112637+0300" comment="NB: if this is indeed the original stem, it is interesting that the semantic shift is from "wash, clean" to "put away" (cf. Russian убирать where it is the opposite)"?><gloss><q>to
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wash</q></gloss><?oxy_comment_end ?>, <gloss><q>to
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clean</q></gloss></mentioned> etc. We also find this stem in the verbs <ref type="xr" target="#entry_najyn"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">najyn</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">najun</w>
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<gloss><q>to bathe</q></gloss>, <gloss>in <lang xml:lang="os-x-digor"/>
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<q>to cross by a ford, wade</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_naj"><w>naj</w>
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<gloss><q>threshing</q></gloss> (<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">cleaning</q></gloss></ref>) and <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7xsyn"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">æxsyn</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">æxsnun</w>
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<gloss><q>to wash</q></gloss></ref>. This explanation may be impeded not so
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much by the semantic divergence (<gloss><q>wash</q></gloss> ↔ <gloss><q>clean
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up</q></gloss>, cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_naj"><w>naj</w>
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<gloss><q>threshing</q></gloss></ref>) as by differences in the past stems:
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on the one hand, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_najyn"><w>najyn</w> :
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<w>nad</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7xsyn" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><w>æxsnun</w> : <w>æxsnad</w></ref>, on the other,
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<oRef>æfsnajyn</oRef> : <oRef>æfsnajd</oRef>. However, this discrepancy can
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be secondary, by analogy with <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sajyn"><w>sajyn</w>
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: <w>sajd</w></ref> etc. Related to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2861e312" xml:id="mentioned_d2861e347" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>fsnʼy-</w>
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<gloss><q>wash</q></gloss></mentioned>? (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Henning._Sogd."/>
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<biblScope>31<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">18</hi>,
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34</biblScope></bibl>). See <ref type="xr" target="#entry_najyn"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7xsyn"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">æxsyn</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">æxsnun</w></ref>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
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<biblScope>24</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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