196 lines
14 KiB
XML
196 lines
14 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ævzæryn</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_ævzæryn" xml:lang="os">
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<form xml:id="form_d3737e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>ævzæryn</orth><form xml:id="form_d3737e68" type="participle"><orth>ævzærst</orth><form xml:id="form_d3737e70" type="variant"><orth>ævzærd</orth></form></form></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d3737e73" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>ævzurun</orth><form xml:id="form_d3737e75" type="participle"><orth>ævzurst</orth></form></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d3737e78"><sense xml:id="sense_d3737e79"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>отделяться</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>to detach</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d3737e88"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>всходить (о растениях)</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>to sprout</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d3737e97"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>прорастать</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>to germinate</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d3737e106"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>происходить</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>to originate</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d3737e115"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>вести начало</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>to spring</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d3737e124"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>возникать</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>to arise</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d3737e133"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>являться</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>to appear</q>
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</abv:tr></sense></sense>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d3737e143">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3737e145">
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<quote>sægtæ fosæj avzærdysty</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>козы отделились от стада</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>goats abandoned the herd</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3737e160">
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<quote>næ mænæwtæ sævzærdysty</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>наша пшеница дала всходы</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>our wheat sprouted</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3737e175">
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<quote>wæ myggag kæcæj ravzærdī?</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>откуда произошел ваш род?</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>where did your generation originate from</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3737e190">
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<quote>dywwæ xæjrægy næm ravzærd</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>у нас народились два беса</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>we have two demons born</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/><biblScope>38</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3737e209" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>oci ǧudītæ æ særi ravzurstæncæ</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>эти думы возникли в его голове</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>these thoughts appeared in his head</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_SD"/><biblScope>195%l2</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3737e232" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>klasstæ fevzurstæncæ særmagond mulki fædbæl</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>классы появились благодаря частной собственности</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>classes appeared due to private property</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_SD"/><biblScope>292%l3</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3737e254">
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<quote>dyson cywany acydtæn æmæ iw qūg-sag mæ razy fevzærdīs</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>вчера я пошел на охоту и одна самка оленя появилась передо мной</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>yesterday I went hunting and one female deer appeared in front of
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me</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭп."/><biblScope>47</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3737e273" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>ændær bæsti cuma ravzurstæn.</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>(казалось) будто я очутился в другой стране</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>(it seemed as if) I found myself in another country</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_AK"/><biblScope>I 61</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3737e295" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>ew mæri ravzurstæn</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>я очутился на одной поляне</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>I found myself on one glade</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_AK"/><biblScope>II 54</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3737e317" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>ævast sæ razmæ fevzurstæj</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>внезапно он предстал перед ними</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>suddenly he appeared in front of them</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Qazb."/><biblScope>15</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Вопреки Вс. Миллеру ( <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>III 154</biblScope></bibl>),
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этот глагол нельзя отделять от <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ævzaryn"/>
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‘выбирать’ и пр., для которого он представляет медиальное соответствие с
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закономерным ослаблением гласногo: <hi rendition="#rend_italic">а</hi> → <hi rendition="#rend_italic">æ</hi> (ср.<ref type="xr" target="#entry_kalyn"/> — <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kælyn"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_maryn"/> —<ref type="xr" target="#entry_mælyn"/> и
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т. п.). Переход от активного к медиальному значению ясен: ‘отделять’ —
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‘отделяться’, ‘всходить’, ‘происходить’ и пр. Огласовка и в дигорском—вторичная,
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ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mælʒyg"/> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">mulʒug</hi>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ræmpæg"/> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">rumpæg</hi> и др. (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>368</biblScope></bibl>). — Для
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этимологии см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ævzaryn"/>. Попытка <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Bailey</hi>
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(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_TPhS"/><biblScope>1953, стр. 33,
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36; 1956, стр. 58</biblScope></bibl> TPhS 19) связать <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ævzæryn</hi> c
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гипотетическим иранским <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3737e411" xml:id="mentioned_d3737e372" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w>*zar-</w>
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<gloss><q>двигаться</q></gloss></mentioned> не убеждает, так как при этом
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игнорируется связь <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ævzæryn</hi> с <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ævzaryn"/> и
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семантика последнего (‘выбирать’ трудно связать с ‘двигаться’).</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">In opposition to Ws. Miller ( <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>III 154</biblScope></bibl>), it
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is impossible to detach this verb from the verb <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ævzaryn"/> ‘to choose’ etc., for which it represents a medial
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correspondence with a regular vowel weakening <hi rendition="#rend_italic">a</hi> → <hi rendition="#rend_italic">æ</hi> (cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kalyn"/> — <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kælyn"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_maryn"/> —<ref type="xr" target="#entry_mælyn"/>
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etc.). The transition from active to medial meaning is clear: ‘to detach’ — ‘to
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detach oneself’, ‘to sprout’, ‘to originate’ etc. Vocalization <hi rendition="#rend_italic">u</hi> in Digor is
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secondary, cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mælʒyg"/> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">mulʒug</hi>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ræmpæg"/> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">rumpæg</hi> etc. (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>368</biblScope></bibl>). — As for the
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etymology, see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ævzaryn"/>. <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Bailey</hi>'s attempt to
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connect <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ævzæryn</hi> with a hypothetic Iranian <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3737e372" xml:id="mentioned_d3737e411" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w>*zar-</w>
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<gloss><q>move</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_TPhS"/><biblScope>1953, pp. 33, 36; 1956, pp.
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58</biblScope></bibl>) is not convincing since two facts are ignored:
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the connection of <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ævzæryn</hi> with <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ævzaryn"/> and
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the semantics of the latter (it is hard to connect ‘to choose’ with ‘to
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move’).</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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