125 lines
13 KiB
XML
125 lines
13 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ʒækʼūl</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_ʒækʼūl" xml:lang="os">
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<form xml:id="form_d1885e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>ʒækʼūl</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d1885e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>ʒækʼol</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d1885e72"><sense xml:id="sense_d1885e73"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>мешочек</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>baggie</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d1885e82"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>котомка</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>bundle</q>
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</abv:tr></sense></sense>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d1885e92">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1885e94">
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<quote>lægætæn jæ īw k˳ymy ʒækʼūly mīdæg wydi nartxory cæk˳yjy ssad</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>в одном углу пещеры в мешочке была мука из жареных зерен кукурузы</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>there was a bag of fried corn flour in one corner of the cave</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/><biblScope>II
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142</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Названия ‘мешка’ и т. п. относятся к тем связанным с торговлей
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техническим терминам, которые в порядке культурного усвоения распространяются из
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одного источника среди многих народов (ср.<ref type="xr" target="#entry_gollag"/>). Ос. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ʒækʼul</hi> представляет вариант общеевропейского слова *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">sak</hi>-
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‘мешок’ (начальный <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ʒ</hi> здесь, как и в предыдущем слове <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ʒækʼæn"/>, восходит к <hi rendition="#rend_italic">s</hi>): <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1885e244" xml:id="mentioned_d1885e120" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
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<w>σάχχος</w></mentioned> → <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1885e249" xml:id="mentioned_d1885e125" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
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<w>saccus</w></mentioned> (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1885e254" xml:id="mentioned_d1885e130" xml:lang="fr"><lang/>
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<w>sac</w></mentioned>) → <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1885e260" xml:id="mentioned_d1885e136" xml:lang="got"><lang/>
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<w>sakkus</w></mentioned> (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1885e265" xml:id="mentioned_d1885e141" xml:lang="de"><lang/>
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<w>Sack</w></mentioned>), отсюда и <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1885e270" xml:id="mentioned_d1885e146" xml:lang="bg"><lang/>
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<w>sak</w>
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<gloss><q>сеть</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1885e278" xml:id="mentioned_d1885e154" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>сак</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1885e283" xml:id="mentioned_d1885e159" xml:lang="ru"><w>саква</w>
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<gloss><q>сеть</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1885e289" xml:id="mentioned_d1885e165" xml:lang="ru"><w/>
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<gloss><q>мешок</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1885e296" xml:id="mentioned_d1885e172" xml:lang="sr"><lang/>
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<w>sak</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1885e301" xml:id="mentioned_d1885e177" xml:lang="cs"><lang/>
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<w>sak</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1885e306" xml:id="mentioned_d1885e182" xml:lang="pl"><lang/>
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<w>sak</w>
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<gloss><q>мешочек</q></gloss></mentioned> и пр. Первоисточником считается
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1885e314" xml:id="mentioned_d1885e190" xml:lang="sem"><lang/>
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<w>saq</w>
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<gloss><q>волосяная ткань</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1885e322" xml:id="mentioned_d1885e198" xml:lang="sem"><w/>
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<gloss><q>мешок</q></gloss><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Schrader"/></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Формант
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-<hi rendition="#rend_italic">ūl</hi> как уменьшительный прослеживается в осетинском (см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bædūl"/> ‘птенец’, mystūlæg ‘ласка’ и др.).<note type="footnote" n="1"> PUT NOTE HERE </note> Но слово могло попасть в
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осетинский уже с этим оформлением; ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1885e339" xml:id="mentioned_d1885e215" xml:lang="el"><lang/>
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<w>σαχχούλτ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1885e344" xml:id="mentioned_d1885e220" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
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<w>sacculus</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1885e349" xml:id="mentioned_d1885e225" xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
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<w n="0">сакулъ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1885e354" xml:id="mentioned_d1885e231" xml:lang="uk"><lang/>
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<w>сакуля</w></mentioned>. Последние формы и могли быть непосредственным
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источником для осетинского.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">The names ‘sack’ etc. refer to those trade-related technical
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terms that are culturally spead from a single source among many peoples (cf.
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_gollag"/>). Ossetic <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ʒækʼul</hi> represents a
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variant of a common European word *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">sak</hi>- ‘sack’ (an initial <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ʒ</hi> here traces
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back to <hi rendition="#rend_italic">s</hi>, like in the previous word <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ʒækʼæn"/>): <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1885e120" xml:id="mentioned_d1885e244" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
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<w>σάχχος</w></mentioned> → <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1885e125" xml:id="mentioned_d1885e249" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
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<w>saccus</w></mentioned> (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1885e130" xml:id="mentioned_d1885e254" xml:lang="fr"><lang/>
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<w>sac</w></mentioned>) → <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1885e136" xml:id="mentioned_d1885e260" xml:lang="got"><lang/>
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<w>sakkus</w></mentioned> (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1885e141" xml:id="mentioned_d1885e265" xml:lang="de"><lang/>
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<w>Sack</w></mentioned>), from here also <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1885e146" xml:id="mentioned_d1885e270" xml:lang="bg"><lang/>
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<w>sak</w>
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<gloss><q>net</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1885e154" xml:id="mentioned_d1885e278" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>sak</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1885e159" xml:id="mentioned_d1885e283" xml:lang="ru"><w>sakva</w>
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<gloss><q>net</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1885e165" xml:id="mentioned_d1885e289" xml:lang="ru"><w/>
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<gloss><q>sack</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1885e172" xml:id="mentioned_d1885e296" xml:lang="sr"><lang/>
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<w>sak</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1885e177" xml:id="mentioned_d1885e301" xml:lang="cs"><lang/>
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<w>sak</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1885e182" xml:id="mentioned_d1885e306" xml:lang="pl"><lang/>
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<w>sak</w>
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<gloss><q>baggie</q></gloss></mentioned> etc. The origin word is considered
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1885e190" xml:id="mentioned_d1885e314" xml:lang="sem"><lang/>
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<w>saq</w>
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<gloss><q>haircloth</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1885e198" xml:id="mentioned_d1885e322" xml:lang="sem"><w/>
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<gloss><q>sack</q></gloss><note type="comment" xml:lang="en"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Schrader"/></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. The formant
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-<hi rendition="#rend_italic">ūl</hi> as a diminutive is traced in Ossetic (see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bædūl"/> ‘nestlingʼ, mystūlæg ‘<hi rendition="#rend_bold">caress%b/%bvair</hi>’
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etc.).<note type="footnote" n="1"> PUT NOTE HERE </note> But the word could
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come into Ossetic in this same form; cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1885e215" xml:id="mentioned_d1885e339" xml:lang="el"><lang/>
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<w>σαχχούλτ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1885e220" xml:id="mentioned_d1885e344" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
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<w>sacculus</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1885e225" xml:id="mentioned_d1885e349" xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
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<w>sakulъ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1885e231" xml:id="mentioned_d1885e354" xml:lang="uk"><lang/>
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<w>sakulja</w></mentioned>. The latter forms could be a direct source for
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the Ossetic.</etym>
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<note type="footnote" xml:lang="ru" n="1">Этот же формант в <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d1885e362" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>maškūt</w>
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<gloss><q>маленький кожаный мешочек</q></gloss></mentioned> (от <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d1885e370" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>mašk</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d1885e375" xml:lang="peo"><lang/>
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<w>maška-</w></mentioned>).</note>
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<note type="footnote" xml:lang="en" n="1">The same formant is found in <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d1885e383" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>maškūt</w>
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<gloss><q>little leather sack</q></gloss></mentioned> (from <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d1885e391" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>mašk</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d1885e396" xml:lang="peo"><lang/>
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<w>maška-</w></mentioned>).</note>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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