193 lines
17 KiB
XML
193 lines
17 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">aftæ</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_aftæ" xml:lang="os-x-iron" abv:completeness="questions">
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20231220T224017+0300" comment="checked"?>
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<form xml:id="form_d3903e66" type="lemma"><orth>aftæ</orth></form><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d3903e72">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>так</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>this way</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">. По значению = <ref type="xr" target="#entry_otæ" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
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<w>otæ</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_atæ_2"/>; как и последние,
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может употребляться во мн. ч.: <formGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<form xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="plural" xml:lang="os"><orth>aftætæ</orth></form>
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</formGrp> (д. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_otæ"><w>otitæ</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_atæ_2"><w>atitæ</w></ref>) </note>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="en">. In meaning = <ref type="xr" target="#entry_otæ" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
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<w>otæ</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_atæ_2"/>; like the latter,
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can be used in the plural: <formGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<form xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="plural" xml:lang="os"><orth>aftætæ</orth></form>
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</formGrp> (Digor <ref type="xr" target="#entry_otæ"><w>otitæ</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_atæ_2"><w>atitæ</w></ref>) </note>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d3903e82">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3903e84">
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<quote><oRef>aftæ</oRef> fæzæǧy jæxīcæn</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>так он говорит себе</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>so he says to himself</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>16</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3903e103">
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<quote>tærqūs-læppynyl <oRef>aftæ</oRef> ma fæxūd</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>не смейся так над зайчонком</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>do not laugh at the bunny like that</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>107</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3903e122">
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<quote><oRef>aftæ</oRef> ræsuǧd wyd xalaǧūd…</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>так красив был шатер…</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>the tent was so beautiful…</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭп."/>
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<biblScope>16</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3903e141">
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<quote>ūj bakodta <oRef>aftæ</oRef></quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>он так и сделал</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>he did so</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
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<biblScope>I 20</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3903e160">
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<quote>Wyryzmæg fīdīwægæn nyqqærkænyn kodta <oRef>aftæ</oRef>…</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>Урузмаг велел герольду прокричать так…</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>Uruzmæg made the herald shout thus…</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОТ"/>
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<biblScope>72</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3903e180">
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<quote><oRef>aftætæ</oRef> kodtoj ūcy ræstæǵy xīcæwttæ æmæ barǵyntæ</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>так поступали в то время господа и власть имущие</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>thus did at that time the gentlemen and those in power</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>63</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Образовалось из <ref type="xr" target="#entry_a"/> + <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūtæ"><w>ūtæ</w></ref> (для звукового перехода ср.
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3903e331" xml:id="mentioned_d3903e202" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>завтра</w></mentioned>). В текстах, изданных <bibl>А.
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<author>Шифнером</author> (<date>1868</date>)</bibl>, мы встречаем еще
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форму <w>autæ</w> рядом с <oRef/>: стр. 8, пословица № 41 (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3903e339" xml:id="mentioned_d3903e210" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><s>bælas aūtæ zæǧyj…</s></mentioned>), стр. 9,
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пословица № 54 (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3903e344" xml:id="mentioned_d3903e215" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><s>… autæ
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ænqælyj</s></mentioned>) и др. <bibl>A. <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Шегрен"/> (<date>1844</date>)</bibl> дает
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<oRef>aute</oRef>, <oRef>avte</oRef> и <oRef>afte</oRef>. Предположение
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<bibl><author>Hübschmann</author>’а (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss.">Oss.</ref>
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<biblScope>62</biblScope></bibl>) и <bibl><author>Gauthiot</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_MSL"/>
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<biblScope>XX 10</biblScope>)</bibl> что и. <oRef>aftæ</oRef> и д. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_otæ"><w>otæ</w></ref> восходят оба к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3903e371" xml:id="mentioned_d3903e242" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w>avaθa</w></mentioned> и (<name>Gauthiot</name>) отражают два
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акцентуальных варианта древнеиранского слова (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3903e376" xml:id="mentioned_d3903e251" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w>àvᵃθa</w></mentioned> и <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3903e382" xml:id="mentioned_d3903e256" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w>ᵃvàθa</w></mentioned>) не имеет под собой никакой почвы; д. <c>о</c> в
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_otæ"><w>otæ</w></ref> представляет
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закономерное стяжение группы <c>ava</c>, тогда как и. <c>af</c> в
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<oRef>aftæ</oRef> ни при каких акцентуальных условиях не может восходить к
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<c>ava</c>, , не говоря уже о том, что допущение двух ударений для
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древнеиранского совершенно произвольно. Из <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3903e397" xml:id="mentioned_d3903e271" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">àvaθa</w></mentioned> так же мало могло получиться
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<c>aft-</c>, как из <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3903e402" xml:id="mentioned_d3903e276" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">nàvaka</w></mentioned> — <w type="rec">navg</w> (см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_nog"/>). Сближение <name>Benveniste</name>
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<oRef>aftæ</oRef> с <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3903e415" xml:id="mentioned_d3903e291" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>āpat</w>
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<gloss><q>хорошо</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Gramm._sogd.">Gramm. sogd.</ref>
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<biblScope>II 179</biblScope></bibl>) также сомнительно. В отношении
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наращения одного указательного местоимения (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_a"/>)
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на другое (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_ū"/>) ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3903e431" xml:id="mentioned_d3903e308" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>a-sau-</w></mentioned> или <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3903e437" xml:id="mentioned_d3903e313" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
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<w>awæxæn</w>
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<gloss><q>такой</q></gloss></mentioned> из <w>a</w> + <w>wæ</w> +
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<w>xæn</w>, где <w>wæ</w> равно <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ū"/> в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_a"><w>a</w></ref> + <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ū"><w>ū</w></ref> + <mentioned xml:lang="os"><m>tæ</m></mentioned> → <oRef>aftæ</oRef>. См. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_a"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_8ūtæ"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_atæ_2"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūftæ"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_aftæmæj"/>. Сюда же, по-видимому, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_aftid"><w>aftid</w>
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<gloss><q>пустой</q></gloss></ref>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Derived from <ref type="xr" target="#entry_a"><w>а</w></ref> +
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūtæ"><w>ūtæ</w></ref> (for the sound
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transition cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3903e202" xml:id="mentioned_d3903e331" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>zavtra</w>
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<gloss><q>tomorrow</q></gloss></mentioned>). In the texts published by
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<bibl><author>Schiffner</author> (<date>1868</date>)</bibl> we also find
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another form <oRef>autæ</oRef> alongside <oRef/>: p. 8, proverb no. 41
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(<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3903e210" xml:id="mentioned_d3903e339" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><w>bælas autæ zæǧyj…</w></mentioned>), p. 9, saying №
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54 (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3903e215" xml:id="mentioned_d3903e344" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><lang/>
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<w>…autæ ænqælyj</w></mentioned>), etc. <bibl>A. <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Шегрен"/> (<date>1844</date>)</bibl> gives
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<oRef>aute</oRef>, <oRef>avte</oRef> and <oRef>afte</oRef>. The conjecture
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of <bibl><author>Hübschmann</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss.">Oss.</ref>
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<biblScope>62</biblScope>)</bibl> and <bibl><author>Gauthiot</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_MSL"/>
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<biblScope>XX 10</biblScope>)</bibl> that <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3903e232" xml:id="mentioned_d3903e361" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><lang/>
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<w>aftæ</w></mentioned> and <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3903e237" xml:id="mentioned_d3903e366" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
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<w>otæ</w></mentioned> both go back to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3903e242" xml:id="mentioned_d3903e371" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w>avaθa</w></mentioned> and (according to <name>Gauthiot</name>) represent
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two accentual variants of an Old Iranian word (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3903e251" xml:id="mentioned_d3903e376" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w>àvᵃθa</w></mentioned> and <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3903e256" xml:id="mentioned_d3903e382" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w>ᵃvàθa</w></mentioned>) is not supported by any evidence; Digor <c>о</c>
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in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_otæ"><w>otæ</w></ref> is a regular contraction
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of the group <c>ava</c>, while Iron <c>af</c> in <oRef>aftæ</oRef> can under no
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accentual conditions trace back to <c>ava</c>, not to mention that the
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assumption of a word with two accents in Old Iranian is completely arbitrary.
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3903e271" xml:id="mentioned_d3903e397" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">àvaθa</w></mentioned> is as unlikely to be the source for
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<w>aft-</w> as <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3903e276" xml:id="mentioned_d3903e402" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><w type="rec">nàvaka</w></mentioned> to be the source for <w type="rec">navg</w> (see
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_nog"/>). <name>Benveniste</name>’s connection
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between <oRef>aftæ</oRef> and <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3903e291" xml:id="mentioned_d3903e415" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>āpat</w>
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<gloss><q>good</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Gramm._sogd.">Gramm. sogd.</ref>
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<biblScope>II 179</biblScope></bibl>) is also doubtful. As for the
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augmentation of one demonstrative pronoun (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_a"/>)
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with another (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_ū"/>), cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3903e308" xml:id="mentioned_d3903e431" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>a-sau-</w></mentioned> or <ref type="xr" target="#entry_awæxæn" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
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<w>awæxæn</w>
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<gloss><q>such</q></gloss></ref> from <w>a</w> + <w>wæ</w> + <m>xæn</m>,
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where <w>wæ</w> is equivalent to <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ū"/> in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_a"><w>a</w></ref> + <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ū"><w>ū</w></ref> + <mentioned xml:lang="os"><m>tæ</m></mentioned> → <oRef>aftæ</oRef>. See <ref type="xr" target="#entry_a"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_8ūtæ"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_atæ_2"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ūftæ"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_aftæmæj"/>. Apparently <ref type="xr" target="#entry_aftid"><w>aftid</w>
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<gloss><q>empty</q></gloss></ref> is also related.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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