172 lines
17 KiB
XML
172 lines
17 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">allon</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_allon" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="complete">
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20231224T201638+0300" comment="checked"?>
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<form xml:id="form_d1233e66" type="lemma"><orth>allon</orth></form><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d1233e69">
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<def xml:lang="ru">этнический термин, встречается только в сказках, в выражении,
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вкладываемом обычно в уста великана-людоеда: </def>
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<def xml:lang="en">an ethnic term found only in fairy tales, in an expression
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usually put into the mouth of a cannibal giant (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_wæjyg"><foreign>wæyug</foreign></ref>): </def>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>am allon-billōny smag cæwy</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">здесь пахнет
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аллон-биллоном</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">it smells of an
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<foreign>allon-billon</foreign> here</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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</sense>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">. Так как по смыслу сказки речь идет о народности
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самого героя (в осетинских сказках — осетина, в русских людоед говорит о <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">русском духе</q> и т. д.), то позволительно
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думать, что в <oRef/> мы имеем одно из самоназваний осетин в прошлом. Что
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касается <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>billon</w></mentioned>, то он представляет,
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всего вернее, искусственный ассонирующий вариант к <oRef>allon</oRef>
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(Reimwort), ср. <mentioned xml:lang="xmf"><lang/>
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<w>alani-malani</w>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Кипшидзе"/>
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<biblScope>193</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned></note>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="en">. Since the logic of the fairy tale suggests that
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this refers to the ethnic identity of the hero himself (in Ossetian fairy tales
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it is na Ossetian, in Russian ones the ogre speaks of a <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Russian smell</q>, etc.), one may suppose
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that in <oRef/> we are dealing with one of the autonyms of the Ossetians in the
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past. As for <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>billon</w></mentioned>, it most likely
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represents a secondary alliterative variant of <oRef>allon</oRef>
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(<foreign>Reimwort</foreign>), cf. <mentioned xml:lang="xmf"><lang/>
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<w>alani-malani</w>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Кипшидзе"/>
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<biblScope>193</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned></note>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d1233e84">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1233e86">
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<quote>sæ īw ū <oRef>allon</oRef>, se ’nnæ ū billon</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>один из них — аллон, другой — биллон</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>one of them is an <foreign>allon</foreign>, the other is a
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<foreign>billon</foreign></q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/>
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<biblScope>86</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1233e105">
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">иногда <oRef>allon</oRef> встречается и
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самостоятельно, без <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>billon</w></mentioned>: </note>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="en">sometimes <oRef>allon</oRef> appears
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alone, without <w>billon</w>: </note>
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<quote>…fælæ wæm <oRef>allony</oRef> smag cæwy</quote>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
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<biblScope>III 82</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Термин <oRef>allon</oRef> представляет безупречное с
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фонетической стороны осетинское оформление <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1233e215" xml:id="mentioned_d1233e123" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w>ā̆ryana</w>
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<gloss><q>арийский</q></gloss></mentioned>, ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1233e223" xml:id="mentioned_d1233e131" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>airyana</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1233e228" xml:id="mentioned_d1233e136" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>ārya-</w></mentioned>; переход <c>r</c> в <c>l</c> перед <c>y</c>
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закономерен для осетинского (<bibl><author>Аndrеаs</author>.
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<title>Verhandlungen d. XIII Orient. Kongresses</title>, <biblScope xml:lang="ru">стр. 103</biblScope></bibl>; см. также: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Gramm._sogd."/>
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<biblScope xml:lang="ru">I, стр. III</biblScope></bibl>), ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_dæl-"><w>dælæ</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wæl-"><w>wælæ</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mælyn"/> и др.;
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двойное <c>ll</c> — результат ассимиляции (<c>ry</c> → <c>ll</c>), ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Wacilla"/> (из <w>Wac-Ilia</w>), <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bællyn"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_dællag"/> и др.;
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<oRef>allon</oRef> предполагает с необходимостью более старую форму <w type="rec">allan</w> (переход <c>a</c> в <c>o</c> перед носовыми произошел
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относительно поздно, см.: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
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<biblScope>256</biblScope></bibl>), т. е. мы приходим к известному
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этническому термину <w>алан</w> (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1233e254" xml:id="mentioned_d1233e162" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
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<w>Ἀλανοὶ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1233e259" xml:id="mentioned_d1233e167" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
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<w>Alani</w></mentioned>), названию средневекового народа на Северном
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Кавказе, исторические связи которого с современными осетинами можно считать
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прочно установленными (см.: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
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<biblScope>III 39—66</biblScope></bibl>.— <bibl>Ю.
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<author>Кулаковский</author>
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<title>Аланы…</title></bibl>). В <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1233e273" xml:id="mentioned_d1233e181" xml:lang="xmf"><lang/> термин
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<w>alani</w></mentioned> удержался до наших дней; он перенесен преемственно
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на новых насельников аланской территории, карачаевцев, и значит, кроме того,
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<gloss><q>удалец</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>герой</q></gloss>. Этот же
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этнический термин, воспринятый как социальный, отложился, возможно, в <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1233e278" xml:id="mentioned_d1233e186" xml:lang="inh"><lang/>
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<w>alæ</w>
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<gloss><q>князь</q></gloss></mentioned>. Без суффикса <mentioned xml:lang="os"><m>-on</m></mentioned> (← <m>-an</m>) элемент <w>al</w> (←
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<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>arya</w></mentioned>) наличен, по-видимому, в
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названиях божеств <ref type="xr" target="#entry_K0yrdalægon"><w>Kurd-Al-Wærgon</w> → <w>Kurdalægon</w>
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<gloss><q>бог-кузнец</q></gloss></ref> и <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Būrxoraly"><w>Borxwar-Ali</w>
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<gloss><q>божество проса</q></gloss></ref>, а также в <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1233e286" xml:id="mentioned_d1233e194" xml:lang="xsc"><lang/>
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<w>Ἀλ<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20231224T195426+0300" comment="is there an accent? unclear in the scan"?>η<?oxy_comment_end ?>ξαρθος</w></mentioned>.
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Что касается <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ir" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
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<w>ir</w>
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<gloss><q>осетины’</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_iron"><w>iron</w>
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<gloss><q>осетин</q></gloss></ref>, то они связываются с <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>arya</w></mentioned> и Ираном по недоразумению. См. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ir"/>, а также <ref type="xr" target="#entry_dygūr"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_twal"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Asy"/>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
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<biblScope>245—247, 28, 48, 156, 214</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">The term <hi rendition="#rend_italic">allon</hi> represents a
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phonetically impeccable Ossetic rendition of <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1233e123" xml:id="mentioned_d1233e215" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w>ā̆ryana</w>
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<gloss><q>Aryan</q></gloss></mentioned>, cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1233e131" xml:id="mentioned_d1233e223" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>airyana</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1233e136" xml:id="mentioned_d1233e228" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>ārya-</w></mentioned>; transition <c>r</c> to <c>l</c> before <c>y</c> is
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regular for Ossetic (<bibl><author>Аndrеаs</author>. <title>Verhandlungen d.
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XIII Orient. Kongresses</title>, <biblScope xml:lang="en">p.
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103</biblScope></bibl>; see also: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Gramm._sogd."/>
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<biblScope xml:lang="en">I, p. III</biblScope></bibl>), cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_dæl-"><w>dælæ</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wæl-"><w>wælæ</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mælyn"/> etc.; the
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double <c>ll</c> is the result of assimilation (<c>ry</c> → <c>ll</c>), cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Wacilla"/> (from <w>Wac-Ilia</w>), <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bællyn"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_dællag"/> etc.;
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<oRef>allon</oRef> necessarily entails the older form <w type="rec">allan</w> (the transition of <c>a</c> into <c>o</c> before nasals occurred
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relatively late, see: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
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<biblScope>256</biblScope></bibl>), in other words, we come to the
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well-known ethnic name for the <w>Alans</w> (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1233e162" xml:id="mentioned_d1233e254" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
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<w>Ἀλανοὶ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1233e167" xml:id="mentioned_d1233e259" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
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<w>Alani</w></mentioned>), the name of a medieval people in the North
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Caucasus, whose historical connections with modern Ossetians can be considered
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firmly established (see: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
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<biblScope>III 39—66</biblScope></bibl>.— <bibl>Ju.
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<author>Kulakovskij</author>. <title>Alany…</title></bibl>). In
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1233e181" xml:id="mentioned_d1233e273" xml:lang="xmf"><lang/> the term <w>alani</w></mentioned> has been retained
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to this day; it was transferred successively to the new inhabitants of the Alan
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territory, the Karachay, and means, in addition, <gloss><q>brave
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lad</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>hero</q></gloss>. The same ethnic term, perceived as
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a social one, is possibly retained in <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1233e186" xml:id="mentioned_d1233e278" xml:lang="inh"><lang/>
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<w>alæ</w>
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<gloss><q>prince</q></gloss></mentioned>. Without the suffix <mentioned xml:lang="os"><m>-on</m></mentioned> (← <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><m>-an</m></mentioned>) the element <w>al</w> (← <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>arya</w></mentioned>) is apparently found in the names of deities:
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_K0yrdalægon"><w>Kurd-Al-Wærgon</w> →
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<w>Kurdalægon</w>
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<gloss><q>a blacksmith deity</q></gloss></ref> and <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Būrxoraly"><w>Borxwar-Ali</w>
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<gloss><q>a deity of millet</q></gloss></ref>, and also in <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1233e194" xml:id="mentioned_d1233e286" xml:lang="xsc"><lang/>
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<w>Ἀλ<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20231224T195426+0300" comment="is there an accent? unclear in the scan"?>η<?oxy_comment_end ?>ξαρθος</w></mentioned>.
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As for <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ir" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
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<w>ir</w>
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<gloss><q>the Ossetians</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_iron"><w>iron</w>
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<gloss><q>Ossetian</q></gloss></ref>, the connected of these terms with
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<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>arya</w></mentioned> and Iran is the result of
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misunderstanding. See <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ir"/>, and also <ref type="xr" target="#entry_dygūr"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_twal"/>,
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_Asy"/>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
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<biblScope>245—247, 28, 48, 156, 214</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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