168 lines
15 KiB
XML
168 lines
15 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kaw</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_kaw" xml:lang="os">
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<form xml:id="form_d4011e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>kaw</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d4011e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>kawæ</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d4011e72"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>плетень</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>wicker fence</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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<re xml:id="re_d4011e82">
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<form xml:id="form_d4011e84" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>kawbyd</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d4011e87" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>kawbid</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d4011e90"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>плетеный</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>wattled</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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</re>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d4011e101">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d4011e103">
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<quote>ænæ mīxæj kawtæ byjyn<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru"> (о
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бестолковой работе)</note><note type="comment" xml:lang="en"> (about
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absurd work)</note></quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>без кольев плести плетень</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>to wattle a wicker fence without stakes</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d4011e123">
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<quote>kaw kæm nyllægdær væjjy, fændaggontæ ūwylty xīzync</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>где плетень пониже, там и перелезают путники</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>travelers climb over the place, where the wicker fence is lower</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/><biblScope>III
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210</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d4011e142" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>sæ kawræbun… Ʒasarbeg</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>у своего плетня (сидит) Дзасарбег</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>Dzasarbeg is (sitting) near his wicker fence</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Sam."/><biblScope>97</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d4011e164">
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<quote>jæ bæx kawyl babasta</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>привязал лошадь к плетню</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>(s/he) tied a horse to a wicker fence</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/><biblScope>64</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d4011e183">
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<quote>dywwæ styr kawy sbydtoj</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>сплели два больших плетня</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>(they) wattled two big wicker fences</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/><biblScope>20</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Одно из интересных культурных слов, связывающих угро-финские
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языки с кавказскими (ср. в этом отношении <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kært"/>
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‘двор’). На угро-финской почве ср.: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4011e354" xml:id="mentioned_d4011e208" xml:lang="hu"><lang/>
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<w>káva</w>
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<gloss><q>Umfassung</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Gombocz"/><biblScope>220</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4011e366" xml:id="mentioned_d4011e220" xml:lang="x-mordvin"><lang/>
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<w>kav</w>
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<gloss><q>клеть</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4011e374" xml:id="mentioned_d4011e228" xml:lang="fi"><lang/>
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<w>kapu</w></mentioned>, родительный падеж <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kavun</hi>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4011e380" xml:id="mentioned_d4011e234" xml:lang="vep"><lang/>
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<w>kavi</w>
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<gloss><q>колышек</q></gloss></mentioned>; отсюда <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4011e388" xml:id="mentioned_d4011e242" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>кава</w>
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<gloss><q>один или несколько кольев, вбитых в землю</q></gloss></mentioned>,
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4011e396" xml:id="mentioned_d4011e250" xml:lang="ru"><w>каваньки</w>
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<gloss><q>колья для изгороди</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4011e402" xml:id="mentioned_d4011e256" xml:lang="ru"><w>каванка</w>
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<gloss><q>колышек</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4011e408" xml:id="mentioned_d4011e262" xml:lang="ru"><w/>
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<gloss><q>тычок</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Акад._словарь"/><biblScope>IV 36, 42,
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49</biblScope></bibl>). — На кавказской почве: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4011e419" xml:id="mentioned_d4011e273" xml:lang="av"><lang/>
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<w>kavu</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4011e424" xml:id="mentioned_d4011e278" xml:lang="ce"><lang/>
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<w>kav</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4011e429" xml:id="mentioned_d4011e283" xml:lang="inh"><lang/>
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<w>kov</w>
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<gloss><q>ворота</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Услар"/><biblScope>II 184</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4011e441" xml:id="mentioned_d4011e295" xml:lang="kbd-x-crc"><lang/>
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<w>kjau</w></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Услар"/><biblScope>I%l2%l 73</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4011e451" xml:id="mentioned_d4011e305" xml:lang="kbd"><lang/>
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<w>ḱev</w>
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<gloss><q>плетень</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4011e459" xml:id="mentioned_d4011e313" xml:lang="ka" dialect="ka-x-khevs"><lang/>
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<w>kavi</w>
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<gloss><q>ограда; крепость</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4011e473" xml:id="mentioned_d4011e321" xml:lang="ka" dialect="ka-x-khevs"><w>kav-cixe</w>
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<gloss><q>крепость с оградой</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Чкония"/><biblScope>55</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4011e483" xml:id="mentioned_d4011e331" xml:lang="sva"><lang/>
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<w>kʼaw</w></mentioned> в <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kʼawiš qor</hi> ‘ворота (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">qor</hi>) ограды
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(<hi rendition="#rend_italic">k’awiš</hi>)'. Установить первоисточник этого слова затрудняемся. Семантические
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варианты распределены следующим образом: ‘кол’, ‘колья’ (фин., русск.),
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‘плетень’ (ос., адыг.), ‘ворота’ (авар., чеч.).%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/><biblScope>10</biblScope></bibl>. —
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_MSt."/><biblScope>82</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>90, 105</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">One of the interesting cultural words, which connect Ugro-Finnic
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and Caucasian languages (cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kært"/> ‘yard’ in
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this relation). Cf. Ugro-Finnic context: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4011e208" xml:id="mentioned_d4011e354" xml:lang="hu"><lang/>
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<w>káva</w>
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<gloss><q>Umfassung</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Gombocz"/><biblScope>220</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4011e220" xml:id="mentioned_d4011e366" xml:lang="x-mordvin"><lang/>
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<w>kav</w>
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<gloss><q>cage</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4011e228" xml:id="mentioned_d4011e374" xml:lang="fi"><lang/>
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<w>kapu</w></mentioned>, genitive <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kavun</hi>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4011e234" xml:id="mentioned_d4011e380" xml:lang="vep"><lang/>
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<w>kavi</w>
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<gloss><q>stake</q></gloss></mentioned>; <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4011e242" xml:id="mentioned_d4011e388" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>kava</w>
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<gloss><q>one or several stakes, driven in the
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ground</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4011e250" xml:id="mentioned_d4011e396" xml:lang="ru"><w>kavanʼki</w>
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<gloss><q>stakes for the fence</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4011e256" xml:id="mentioned_d4011e402" xml:lang="ru"><w>kavanka</w>
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<gloss><q>small peg</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4011e262" xml:id="mentioned_d4011e408" xml:lang="ru"><w/>
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<gloss><q>a poke</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Акад._словарь"/><biblScope>IV 36, 42,
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49</biblScope></bibl>) is from it as well. — Cf. Caucasian context: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4011e273" xml:id="mentioned_d4011e419" xml:lang="av"><lang/>
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<w>kavu</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4011e278" xml:id="mentioned_d4011e424" xml:lang="ce"><lang/>
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<w>kav</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4011e283" xml:id="mentioned_d4011e429" xml:lang="inh"><lang/>
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<w>kov</w>
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<gloss><q>gates</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Услар"/><biblScope>II 184</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4011e295" xml:id="mentioned_d4011e441" xml:lang="kbd-x-crc"><lang/>
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<w>kjau</w></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Услар"/><biblScope>I%l2%l 73</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4011e305" xml:id="mentioned_d4011e451" xml:lang="kbd"><lang/>
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<w>ḱev</w>
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<gloss><q>wicker fence</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4011e313" xml:id="mentioned_d4011e459" xml:lang="ka" dialect="ka-x-khevs"><lang/>
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<w>kavi</w>
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<gloss><q>fence</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d4011e467" xml:lang="ka" dialect="ka-x-khevs"><w/>
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<gloss><q>fortress</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4011e321" xml:id="mentioned_d4011e473" xml:lang="ka" dialect="ka-x-khevs"><w>kav-cixe</w>
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<gloss><q>fortress with a fence</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Чкония"/><biblScope>55</biblScope></bibl>),
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4011e331" xml:id="mentioned_d4011e483" xml:lang="sva"><lang/>
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<w>kʼaw</w></mentioned> in <hi rendition="#rend_italic">kʼawiš qor</hi> ‘gates (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">qor</hi>) of a fence
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(<hi rendition="#rend_italic">k’awiš</hi>)'. It is difficult to trace the origin of this word. The semantic
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variants are distrubutes as following: ‘stake’, ‘poling’ (Finnish, Russian),
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‘wicker fence’ (Ossetic, Adyghean), ‘gates’ (Avar, Chechen).%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/><biblScope>10</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_MSt."/><biblScope>82</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>90,
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105</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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