244 lines
16 KiB
XML
244 lines
16 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">sælyn</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_sælyn" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
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<form xml:id="form_d5930e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>sælyn</orth><form type="participle"><orth>sald</orth></form></form>
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<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>sælun</orth><form type="participle"><orth>sald</orth></form></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5930e69">
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>замерзать</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>freeze</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>мерзнуть</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>be cold</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Berd... rast tʼænǵy mæjy fændagyl Ʒimyry
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’fcægyl <oRef>nyssald</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Берд как раз в январе замерз в пути на
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Дзимирском перевале</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Berd… froze on his way on the Dzimirsky pass in
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January</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>13</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(rūvæstæn) sæ kʼuditæ dony
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<oRef>nyssaldysty</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(у лисиц) хвосты примерзли в воде</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(fox) tails froze in water</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОТ"/>
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<biblScope>67</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ærǧævst lægæn iæ kʼuxtæ <oRef>asælync</oRef>
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dalysy kʼæxtyl</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">у закоченевшего человека руки примерзают к
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ногам овцы</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the hands of the frozen man freeze to sheep
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legs</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЭп."/>
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<biblScope>42</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">axæm qyzt yskodta, æmæ xsæv næ xæʒary don
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<oRef>nyssald</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">стала такая стужа, что у нас в доме ночью
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замерзла вода</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">it was such a cold that water froze in our
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house at night</q>
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</tr>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">særdæ din simær ma kænæntæ, zamæg ba <oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">sælgæ</oRef> ma kænæntæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">пусть они (пища и напитки) летом у тебя не
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тухнут, а зимой не замерзают</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">let they (meals and drinks) not become rotten
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in summer and not freeze in winter</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">из
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посвящения покойнику; </note><note xml:lang="en" type="comment">from the dedication
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to a deceased; </note><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
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<biblScope>II 169</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">И.е. <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">ḱel-</w>
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<gloss><q>холодный</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>мерзнуть</q></gloss></mentioned> дает в
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иранском закономерно <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>sar-</w></mentioned>. Осетинский
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удерживает и.е. <c>-l-</c> и в этом отношении примыкает к европейским формам. Ср.
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<mentioned xml:lang="fa" extralang="tg"><lang/>
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<w>sard</w>
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<gloss><q>холодный</q>, <w>sarmā</w></gloss> (<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"><mentioned xml:lang="tg"><lang/>
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<w>sarmo</w></mentioned></note>) <gloss><q>холод</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>стужа</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="tg-x-vanj"><lang/>
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<w>siridan</w>
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<gloss><q>коченеть, неметь (от холодной воды)</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Розенфельд._Вандж."/>
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<biblScope>112</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="hac"><lang><?oxy_comment_start author="админ" timestamp="20221119T233211+0300" comment="нет языка в списке"?>авромани<?oxy_comment_end ?></lang>
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<w>särēni</w>
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<gloss><q>он замерз</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_KPF"/>
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<biblScope xml:lang="ru">Abt. III, BD. II, стр. 382</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>sart</w>
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<gloss><q>холодный</q></gloss>, <w>af-sart</w>
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<gloss><q>мерзлый</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
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<w>sart</w>, <w>sard</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
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<w>sar</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
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<w>sōṛ</w>, жен. р. <w>saṛa</w> id.</mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="srh"><lang/>
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<w>part-sor-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
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<w>wa-ser</w> : <w>wa-sert</w>
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<gloss><q>мерзнуть</q></gloss>, <w>sür</w>
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<gloss><q>холодный</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
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<w>ā-sit</w> : <w>ā-sirta</w>
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<gloss><q>мерзнуть</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">sart</w> (<w>srt</w>) <gloss><q>холодный</q></gloss></mentioned>,
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<mentioned xml:lang="xpr"><lang/>
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<w>wi-sār-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>aβ-sār-</w>
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<gloss><q>студить</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>af-surda</w>
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<gloss><q>мерзлый</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
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<w>sāḍa-</w> (из <w>sarta-</w>)</mentioned>. <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>sarəta-</w>
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<gloss><q>холодный</q></gloss>, <w>sārasti-</w>
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<gloss><q>озноб</q></gloss>, <w>sarədā-</w>
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<gloss><q>морозящий</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>ṡiṡira-</w>
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<gloss><q>стужа</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
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<w>slana</w>
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<gloss><q>иней</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
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<w>šálti</w>
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<gloss><q>мерзнуть</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>стыть</q></gloss>, <w>šáltas</w>
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<gloss><q>холодный</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>мерзлый</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/> (с и.е. <c>r</c>) <w>saŕn</w>
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<gloss><q>холод</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>лед</q></gloss>, <w>saṙnum</w>
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<gloss><q>мерзну</q></gloss></mentioned>. По поляризации значений (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">холод</q> — <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">жар</q>)
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сюда же <mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
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<w>caleo</w>
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<gloss><q>быть горячим</q></gloss>, <w>calidus</w>
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<gloss><q>горячий</q></gloss></mentioned>, ос. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_særd"/>
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<gloss><q>лето</q></gloss> (<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">жаркая
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пора</q></gloss>). Ср. для семантики <mentioned xml:lang="ru-x-dial"><lang/>
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<w>знойный</w> в смысле <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">холодный</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><title>Этимология 1974</title>,
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<pubPlace>М.</pubPlace>, <biblScope xml:lang="ru">1976, стр. 117</biblScope></bibl>).
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Ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sald"/>. <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/>
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<biblScope>36, 57</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
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<biblScope>51</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Arm._Gr."/>
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<biblScope>488</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Benveniste._Etudes"/>
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<biblScope>71</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._KhT"/>
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<biblScope>IV 96</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СЕИ"/>
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<biblScope>16, 37, 38, 134</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">ḱel-</w>
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<gloss><q>cold</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>be cold</q></gloss></mentioned> has a regular
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Iranian correspondence <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>sar-</w></mentioned>. In Ossetic the
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Indo-European consonant <c>-l-</c> is preserved, and in this respect it adjoins to
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European forms. Cf. <mentioned xml:lang="fa" extralang="tg"><lang/>
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<w>sard</w>
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<gloss><q>cold</q>, <w>sarmā</w></gloss> (<note xml:lang="en" type="comment"><mentioned xml:lang="tg"><lang/>
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<w>sarmo</w></mentioned></note>) <gloss><q>cold</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>frost</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="tg-x-vanj"><lang/>
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<w>siridan</w>
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<gloss><q>stiffen (from cold water)</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Розенфельд._Вандж."/>
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<biblScope>112</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="hac"><lang/>
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<w>särēni</w>
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<gloss><q>he froze</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_KPF"/>
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<biblScope xml:lang="en">Abt. III, BD. II, p. 382</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>sart</w>
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<gloss><q>cold</q></gloss>, <w>af-sart</w>
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<gloss><q>frozen</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
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<w>sart</w>, <w>sard</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
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<w>sar</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
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<w>sōṛ</w>, f. <w>saṛa</w> id.</mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="srh"><lang/>
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<w>part-sor-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
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<w>wa-ser</w> : <w>wa-sert</w>
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<gloss><q>freeze</q></gloss>, <w>sür</w>
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<gloss><q>cold</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
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<w>ā-sit</w> : <w>ā-sirta</w>
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<gloss><q>be cold</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">sart</w> (<w>srt</w>) <gloss><q>cold</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xpr"><lang/>
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<w>wi-sār-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>aβ-sār-</w>
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<gloss><q>cool</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>af-surda</w>
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<gloss><q>frozen</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
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<w>sāḍa-</w> (from <w>sarta-</w>)</mentioned>. <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>sarəta-</w>
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<gloss><q>cold</q></gloss>, <w>sārasti-</w>
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<gloss><q>shivering</q></gloss>, <w>sarədā-</w>
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<gloss><q>freezing</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>ṡiṡira-</w>
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<gloss><q>frost</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
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<w>slana</w>
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<gloss><q>hoarfrost</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
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<w>šálti</w>
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<gloss><q>be cold</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>get cold</q></gloss>, <w>šáltas</w>
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<gloss><q>cold</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>frozen</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/> (with Indo-European <c>r</c>) <w>saŕn</w>
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<gloss><q>cold</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>ice</q></gloss>, <w>saṙnum</w>
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<gloss><q>I am cold</q></gloss></mentioned>. In some cognates the polarization of
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meanings (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">cold</q> — <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">heat</q>) occurred: <mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
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<w>caleo</w>
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<gloss><q>be hot</q></gloss>, <w>calidus</w>
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<gloss><q>hot</q></gloss></mentioned>, Ossetic <ref type="xr" target="#entry_særd"/>
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<gloss><q>summer</q></gloss> (<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">hot
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time</q></gloss>). Cf. the semantics of <mentioned xml:lang="ru-x-dial"><lang/>
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<w>znojnyj</w> in the sense <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">cold</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><title>Ètimologija</title> 1974, <pubPlace>Moscow</pubPlace>, <biblScope xml:lang="en">1976, p.
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117</biblScope></bibl>). Cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sald"/>. <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/>
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<biblScope>36, 57</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
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<biblScope>51</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Arm._Gr."/>
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<biblScope>488</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Benveniste._Etudes"/>
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<biblScope>71</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._KhT"/>
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<biblScope>IV 96</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СЕИ"/>
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<biblScope>16, 37, 38, 134</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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