357 lines
27 KiB
XML
357 lines
27 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">sīmyn</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_sīmyn" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
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<form xml:id="form_d241e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>sīmyn</orth><form type="participle"><orth>simd</orth></form></form>
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<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>semun</orth><form type="participle"><orth>sind</orth></form></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d241e69">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>исполнять старинный хороводный танец</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>perform an old circle dance</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_simd"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">simd</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">sind</w></ref>)</note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_simd"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">simd</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">sind</w></ref>)</note>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Nartæ ...īw ranmæ ærtymbyl sty, simd saræztoj
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æmæ <oRef>sīmync</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Нарты собрались в одно место, устроили <ref type="xr" target="#entry_simd">симд</ref> и танцуют</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Narts gathered in one place, arranged <ref type="xr" target="#entry_simd"/> and danced</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Нарт._сказ."/>
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<biblScope>307</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">racæwūt æmæ <oRef>sīmæm</oRef>, næ qarū
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bavzaræm</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">выходите и будем танцевать, испытаем нашу
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мощь</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">come out and let's dance, let's test our
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power</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Нарт._сказ."/>
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<biblScope>214</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">memæ <oRef>rasīm</oRef>, — ʒūry jæm
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Wyryzmæg</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">станцуй со мной, — обращается к ней Урузмаг</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dance with me, — Uruzmæg sais to her</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Нарт._сказ."/>
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<biblScope>234</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">īwnæg Xetæg ʒy næ <oRef>simdta</oRef>, næ
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kafydī</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">один только Хетаг не принимал там участия в
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_simd">симдe</ref> и плясках</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Khetæg alone did not take part in the <ref type="xr" target="#entry_simd">simd</ref> and other dances</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>137</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">fæsīvæd næwwyl īwmæ
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<oRef>sīmync</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">молодежь на траве вместе ведет хоровод</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">young people on the grass together lead a
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circle dance</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Bar."/>
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<biblScope>117</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">fæsīvæd næ waʒync sæ kafyn, sæ
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<oRef>sīmyn</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">молодежь не прекращает плясок и <ref type="xr" target="#entry_simd">симдa</ref>»</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">young people do not stop dancing dances and
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_simd"/></q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>226</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Wyrysbi īw ḱyzgyl nyxxæcydī æmæ
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<oRef>sīmyn</oRef> rajdydta ... simd cydī æddædær, sīmǵytæ īctoj kæræʒī</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Урусби взял (под руку) одну девушку и стал
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танцевать ... <ref type="xr" target="#entry_simd">симд</ref> продолжался дальше,
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танцоры сменяли друг друга</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Urusbi took one girl by the arm and began to
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dance ... <ref type="xr" target="#entry_simd">simd</ref> continued, dancers replaced
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each other</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Arsen"/>
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<biblScope>77</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dælkʼūx-wælkʼūx nyxxæcydysty... æmæ qæwæn jæ
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īw kæronæj je ʽnnæ kæronmæ <oRef>sīmync</oRef> wyngty</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">они взялись под руку и танцуют <ref type="xr" target="#entry_simd">симд</ref> на улицах от одного края аула до другого</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">they join hands and danced <ref type="xr" target="#entry_simd"/> in the streets from one side of the village to the
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other</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
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<biblScope>97</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">læppūtæ arxajdtoj Farizetīmæ
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rasīmynyl</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">парни старались потанцевать <ref type="xr" target="#entry_simd">симд</ref> (в паре) с Фаризет</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">guys tried to dance <ref type="xr" target="#entry_simd"/> with Farizet</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
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<biblScope>129</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ærsīmūt ma tymbyl
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<oRef>simdæj</oRef>!</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">станцуйте-ка круговой <ref type="xr" target="#entry_simd">симд</ref>!</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">do dance a circle <ref type="xr" target="#entry_simd"/>!</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><biblScope>from the chorus during the simd
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performance</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">semuncæ, kafuncæ Narti guppurgintæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">танцуют, пляшут нартовские богатыри</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Nart heroes are dancing</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
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<biblScope>II 25</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>issemetæ</oRef>, <oRef>issemetæ</oRef>,
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æd læqwæn, æd zærond</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">спляшите, спляшите, и млад, и стар</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dance, young men and old men</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАС"/>
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<biblScope>II 379</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>rasemetæ</oRef>, <oRef>rasemetæ</oRef>!
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xucawi xwarzænxæ isseretæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">станцуйте, станцуйте! вы найдете божью
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милость</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dance, dance! you will find God's mercy</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_DZ"/>
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<biblScope>82</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æršitæ læplæpgængæj kafun ma
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<oRef>semun</oRef> bajdajuncæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">медведи, грузно подпрыгивая, начинают плясать и
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танцевать хороводом</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the bears, bouncing heavily, begin to dance in
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a circle dance</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭп."/>
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<biblScope>56<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">64—67</hi></biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Вс. <name>Миллер</name> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ">ОЭ</ref>
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<biblScope>III 143</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr.">Gr.</ref>
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<biblScope> 20</biblScope></bibl>) не без колебания сближал с <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>śam-</w>, <w>śamyati</w>
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<gloss><q>стараться, трудиться до изнеможения</q>, <q>уставать</q>, <q>выбиваться из
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сил</q></gloss></mentioned>. Внушает сомнения прежде всего семантическая сторона.
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Верно, что при исполнении симда некоторые ретивые танцоры доходят до изнеможения. Но вряд
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ли танец мог получить название по этому признаку. Представляется более вероятным, что
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<mentioned xml:lang="os"><lang/>
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<m xml:lang="os-x-iron">sīm-</m><m xml:lang="os-x-digor">sem-</m></mentioned> примыкает
|
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к <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
|
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|
|
<w>sama</w>, <w>samaja</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ar" extralang="fa"><lang/>
|
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|
|
<w>samāʼ</w></mentioned>. <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
|
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|
|
<w>samaja</w>, <w>sama</w> название танца, <gloss><q>rokʼva</q>, <q>šušpʼari</q></gloss>
|
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|
|
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Саба"/>
|
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|
|
<biblScope>292</biblScope></bibl>)</note>, <gloss><q>хоровод</q></gloss>
|
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|
|
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Чубинов"/>
|
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|
|
<biblScope>1085</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>; считается одной из
|
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|
|
разновидностей хороводного танца <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><w>perxuli</w></mentioned>.
|
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|
|
Исполняется отдельно мужчинами и женщинами или теми и другими вместе.<note xml:lang="ru" type="footnote"><bibl><author>Асланишвили</author>. <title>Очерки по грузинской народной
|
|||
|
|
песне [на груз. яз.], ч. II</title>. <pubPlace>Тбилиси</pubPlace>,
|
|||
|
|
<date>1956</date>, <biblScope>стр. 136—143</biblScope></bibl>. —
|
|||
|
|
<bibl><author>Джанелидзе</author>. <title>Народные истоки грузинского театра [на
|
|||
|
|
груз. яз.]</title>. <pubPlace>Тбилиси</pubPlace>, <date>1948</date>, <biblScope>стр.
|
|||
|
|
174—178, 181—185</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><title>Грузинская музыкальная
|
|||
|
|
культура</title>. <pubPlace>М.</pubPlace>, <date>1957</date>, <biblScope>стр.
|
|||
|
|
76</biblScope></bibl>.</note><?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230126T230428+0300" comment="задублировался ноут"?><?oxy_comment_end ?>У
|
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|
|
горцев-грузин пшавов, близких соседей осетин, записана песня, которая начинается словами:
|
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|
|
<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Я спляшу
|
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|
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20220926T192339+0300" comment="можно ли сделать меншнд?"?><hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">самайа</hi><?oxy_comment_end ?> в бурке мохнатой</q>».<note xml:lang="ru" type="footnote"><bibl><title>Грузинская народная песня</title>. <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">Редактор-составитель</note> Гр.
|
|||
|
|
<author>Чхиквадзе</author>. Т. I. <pubPlace>Тбилиси</pubPlace>, <date>1960</date>,
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>стр. 49—50</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Груз._сл."/>
|
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|
|
<biblScope>VI 684</biblScope></bibl> (неточно определено «самайа» как «<hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">женский</hi> перхули»: «самайа» пляшут и мужчины и
|
|||
|
|
женщины).</note> В сванском отмечено <mentioned xml:lang="sva"><w>swim-ra</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss>название ритуальной процессии</gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><title>Сов. этнография</title>
|
|||
|
|
<date>1936</date>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>IV—V 48</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Имеет ли оно сюда
|
|||
|
|
отношение, не беремся судить. Источником и <mentioned xml:lang="os"><lang/>
|
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|
|
<m xml:lang="os-x-digor">sem-</m></mentioned> и <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>samaja</w></mentioned> следует считать <mentioned xml:lang="ar" extralang="fa"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>samāʼ</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>ритуальный танец дервишей</q>, <q>saltatio</q>, <q>chorea</q></gloss>’,
|
|||
|
|
<gloss>pec. Dervishorum circulantium <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Vullers"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>II 320</biblScope></bibl>)</note></gloss>, <gloss><q>Musik mit Tanz als
|
|||
|
|
gesellschaftliches Vergnügen nach der Schmauserei</q>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Ritter</author>, <title>Oriens</title>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>III 145, IV 182</biblScope></bibl>)</note></gloss></mentioned>. В
|
|||
|
|
практике суфийских мистиков <mentioned xml:lang="ar" extralang="fa"><w>samāʼ</w></mentioned> как сочетание музыки (вокальной, позднее инструментальной) с
|
|||
|
|
самозабвенной коллективной пляской получило ритуальное значение и служило средством для
|
|||
|
|
приведения участников в состояние мистического экстаза (<bibl><author>Macdonald</author>,
|
|||
|
|
<title>Энциклопедия Ислама</title>, <biblScope>под словом <mentioned xml:lang="ar" extralang="fa"><w>Samāʼ</w></mentioned></biblScope></bibl>. —
|
|||
|
|
<bibl><author>Бертельс</author>. <title>Основные моменты в развитии суфийской поэзии.
|
|||
|
|
Сборник в честь Ольденбурга</title>. <pubPlace>Л.</pubPlace>, <date>1927</date>,
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>стр. 95 сл</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Rypka</author>.
|
|||
|
|
<title>Iranische Literaturgeschichte</title>. <pubPlace>Leipzig</pubPlace>,
|
|||
|
|
<date>1959</date>, <biblScope>стр. 213</biblScope></bibl>). Судя по той роли, какую
|
|||
|
|
симд играет в нартовском эпосе, слово вошло в осетинский язык достаточно давно. С
|
|||
|
|
фонетической стороны сближение <oRef>semun</oRef> с <mentioned xml:lang="ar" extralang="fa"><w>samāʼ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
|
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|
|
<w>samaja</w></mentioned> не встречает серьезных препятствий. Различие огласовки могло
|
|||
|
|
быть результатом <c>j</c>-эпентезы: <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><w>samaja</w></mentioned> →
|
|||
|
|
<w type="rec">sajma-</w> → <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>sem-</w></mentioned>. См. также
|
|||
|
|
<ref type="xr" target="#entry_simd"/>. В генезисе, возможно, не арабское, а
|
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|
|
древнеиндийское: <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>sam-aya-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>совместный ход</q></gloss></mentioned>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>300</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
|
|||
|
|
<etym xml:lang="en">Ws. <name>Miller</name> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ">OE</ref>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>III 143</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr.">Gr.</ref>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope> 20</biblScope></bibl>) doubtfully referred to <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>śam-</w>, <w>śamyati</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>try, work hard</q>, <q>get tired</q>, <q>exhaust</q></gloss></mentioned>.
|
|||
|
|
First of all, the semantic side is doubtful. It is true that while performing simd some
|
|||
|
|
active dancers get exhausted. But it is unlikely that the dance could get a name on this
|
|||
|
|
feature. It is more likely that <mentioned xml:lang="os"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<m xml:lang="os-x-iron">sīm-</m><m xml:lang="os-x-digor">sem-</m></mentioned> is related
|
|||
|
|
to <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>sama</w>, <w>samaja</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ar" extralang="fa"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>samāʼ</w></mentioned>. <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>samaja</w>, <w>sama</w> a dance name, <gloss><q>rokʼva</q>, <q>šušpʼari</q></gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Саба"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>292</biblScope></bibl>)</note>, <gloss><q>circle dance</q></gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Чубинов"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>1085</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>; it is considered one of the
|
|||
|
|
varieties of a circle dance <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><w>perxuli</w></mentioned>. It is
|
|||
|
|
performed separately by men and women or by both together.<note type="footnote"><bibl><bibl xml:lang="en"><author>Aslanishvili</author>. <title>Notes on Georgian
|
|||
|
|
folk songs</title> [in Georgian], part II. <pubPlace>Tbilisi</pubPlace>,
|
|||
|
|
<date>1956</date>, <biblScope>pp. 136—143</biblScope></bibl></bibl>. — <bibl><bibl xml:lang="en"><author>Dzhanelidze</author>. <title>Folk origins of the Georgian
|
|||
|
|
theatre</title> [in Georgian]. <pubPlace>Tbilisi</pubPlace>, <date>1948</date>,
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>pp. 174—178, 181—185</biblScope></bibl></bibl>. — <bibl><bibl xml:lang="en"><title>Georgian music culture</title>. <pubPlace>Moscow</pubPlace>,
|
|||
|
|
<date>1957</date>, <biblScope>p. 76</biblScope></bibl></bibl>.</note> The Georgian
|
|||
|
|
highlanders, the Pshavs, close neighbors of the Ossetians, have a song that begins with
|
|||
|
|
the words: <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">I will dance
|
|||
|
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20220926T192339+0300" comment="можно ли сделать меншнд?"?><hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">samaja</hi><?oxy_comment_end ?> in a furry burka</q>.<note type="footnote"><bibl><bibl xml:lang="en"><title>Georgian folk song</title>. <note xml:lang="en" type="comment">Editor-compiler</note> Gr.
|
|||
|
|
<author>Chkhikvadze</author>. Vol. I. <pubPlace>Tbilisi</pubPlace>,
|
|||
|
|
<date>1960</date>, <biblScope>pp. 49—50</biblScope></bibl></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Груз._сл."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>VI 684</biblScope></bibl> (<q>samaja</q> was inaccurately defined as a
|
|||
|
|
<q><hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">women</hi> perkhuli</q>: <q>samaja</q> is danced
|
|||
|
|
by men and women).</note> There is <mentioned xml:lang="sva"><w>swim-ra</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss>name of the ritual procession</gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><bibl xml:lang="en"><title>Soviet ethnography</title>
|
|||
|
|
<date>1936</date>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>IV—V 48</biblScope></bibl></bibl>)</note></mentioned> in Svan. We do
|
|||
|
|
not judge whether it has anything to do with it. The source of <mentioned xml:lang="os"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<m xml:lang="os-x-digor">sem-</m></mentioned> and <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>samaja</w></mentioned> is to be considered <mentioned xml:lang="ar" extralang="fa"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>samāʼ</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>ritual dance of dervishes</q>, <q>saltatio</q>, <q>chorea</q></gloss>,
|
|||
|
|
<gloss>pec. Dervishorum circulantium <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Vullers"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>II 320</biblScope></bibl>)</note></gloss>, <gloss><q>Musik mit Tanz als
|
|||
|
|
gesellschaftliches Vergnügen nach der Schmauserei</q>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Ritter</author>, <title>Oriens</title>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>III 145, IV 182</biblScope></bibl>)</note></gloss></mentioned>. In the
|
|||
|
|
practice of Sufi mystics <mentioned xml:lang="ar" extralang="fa"><w>samāʼ</w></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
as a combination of music (vocal, later instrumental) and overwhelming collective dance
|
|||
|
|
received ritual significance and served as a means to bring the participants into a state
|
|||
|
|
of mystical ecstasy (<bibl><bibl xml:lang="en"><author>Macdonald</author>,
|
|||
|
|
<title>Encyclopaedia of Islam </title>, <biblScope>see the word <mentioned xml:lang="ar" extralang="fa"><w>Samāʼ</w></mentioned></biblScope></bibl></bibl>. —
|
|||
|
|
<bibl><bibl xml:lang="en"><author>Bertels</author>. <title>The main points in the
|
|||
|
|
development of Sufi poetry. Collection in honour of Oldenburg</title>.
|
|||
|
|
<pubPlace>Leningrad</pubPlace>, <date>1927</date>, <biblScope>p. 95
|
|||
|
|
ff</biblScope></bibl></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Rypka</author>. <title>Iranische
|
|||
|
|
Literaturgeschichte</title>. <pubPlace>Leipzig</pubPlace>, <date>1959</date>,
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>p. 213</biblScope></bibl>). Judging by the role that simd plays in the Nart
|
|||
|
|
epic, the word entered into the Ossetic language quite a long time ago. Phonetically,
|
|||
|
|
referring <oRef>semun</oRef> to <mentioned xml:lang="ar" extralang="fa"><w>samāʼ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>samaja</w></mentioned> does not meet serious obstacles. The difference of
|
|||
|
|
vocalization could be the result of <c>j</c>-epenthesis: <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><w>samaja</w></mentioned> → <w type="rec">sajma-</w> → <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>sem-</w></mentioned>. See also <ref type="xr" target="#entry_simd"/>. In the
|
|||
|
|
origin, perhaps, not Arabic, but Old Indic: <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>sam-aya-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>joint walk</q></gloss></mentioned>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>300</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
|
|||
|
|
</entry>
|
|||
|
|
</body>
|
|||
|
|
</text>
|
|||
|
|
</TEI>
|