256 lines
16 KiB
XML
256 lines
16 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">syst</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_syst" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
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<form xml:id="form_d4421e66" type="lemma"><orth>syst</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d4421e69">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>вошь</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>louse</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>Pediculus</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>Pediculus</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>syst-</orth><form type="variant"><orth>systʒag</orth></form></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">вшивый</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">lousy</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>systsær</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">со вшивой головой</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">having a lousy head</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>systzærdæ adæjmag</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">дрянной человек</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">worthless man</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">со вшивым
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сердцем</q></gloss>).</note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">with lousy
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heart</q></gloss>)</note>
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</re>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>syst</oRef> æmæ ʽxsænkʼy argaw</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">сказка о вши и блохе</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">tale of lice and fleas</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">распространенная детская сказка</note><note xml:lang="en" type="comment">popular
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childrenʼs story</note>; see: <ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОТ"/>
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<biblScope>60—64</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æxsænkʼ agæpp kogta æmæ fallag fars fæcī,
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<oRef>syst</oRef> ta dony nyxxawdta</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">блоха прыгнула и очутилась на той стороне, вошь
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же упала в воду</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the flea jumped and ended up on the other side,
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the louse fell into the water</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОТ"/>
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<biblScope>61</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">raǵy-ma-raǵy ars wydī æmæ jyn ærtæ qybyly
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wydī; <oRef>yssyst</oRef> yn sty, aftæmæj sæ xūrmæ raxasta æmæ syn sæ
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<oRef>systytæ</oRef> mardta</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">давным-давно была медведица и у ней было три
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медвежонка; они у нее завшивели, и вот она их вынесла на солнце и била их вшей</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a long time ago there was a bear and she had
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three cubs; they got lice, and so she took them out into the sun and beat their
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lice</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОТ"/>
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<biblScope>64</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">kæd aftæ xorz læppū dæ, wæd dyn dæ fydy
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<oRef>syst</oRef> cæmæn baxordta?</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">если ты такой молодец, то почему твоего отца
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вошь заела?</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">if you are such a good fellow, then why did the
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lice eat your father?</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
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<biblScope>I 78</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">...stur kærcitæ wælæftawæ,
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...ni-ssæbæl-<oRef>sistæ</oRef>-ʽncæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(на них) накинуты большие шубы, они на них
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завшивели</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">large fur coats are thrown over (them), those
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were covered with lice</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
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<biblScope>I 112</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æ bajragʒar kʼæredæ nissistæ ʽj, nilliskʼæ
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ʽj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">шуба из жеребячьей шкуры покрылась на нем
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вшами, гнидами</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">his fur coat made of foal skin was covered with
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lice, nits</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
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<biblScope>II 28</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Начальный <c>s-</c> здесь, как в некоторых других случаях, восходит к
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<c>sp-</c>, ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_syʒ"><w>syʒ-</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_soj"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Sidæmon"/>. Слово возводится к
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<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">spiš-</w>
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<gloss><q>вошь</q></gloss></mentioned> с наращением форманта <c>-t</c> | <c>-tæ</c>, как
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в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_myst"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">myst</w>
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<w xml:lang="os-x-digor">mistæ</w>
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<gloss><q>мышь</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cæst"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">cæst</w>
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<w>cæstæ</w>
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<gloss><q>глаз</q></gloss></ref>, д. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_nostæ"><w>nostæ</w>
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<gloss><q>невестка</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sæftæg"><w>sæftæg</w>
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<gloss><q>копыто</q></gloss></ref> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
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<biblScope>572</biblScope></bibl>). Ср. <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>šipiš</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="tg"><lang/>
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<w>šabušk</w>, <w>šubušk</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="tg-x-dial"><note type="comment">(в диалектах Ирана)</note>
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<w>šupuš</w>, <w>išpiš</w>, <w>üšpüš</w>, <w>espes</w>, <w>espaz</w>,
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<w>isfiǰ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>spiš</w>, <w>spuš</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
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<w>spi</w>, <w>sipi</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
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<w>spəẓ̌a</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="wne"><lang/>
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<w>špəž</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="mnj"><lang/>
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<w>səpəya</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ydg"><lang/>
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<w>spūo</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
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<w>sipaɣ̌</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yah"><lang/>
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<w>sẹpaw</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="isk"><lang/>
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<w>səpul</w>, <w>s(ə)pəl</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sgy"><lang/>
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<w>spəl</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
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<w>šiš</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
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<w>šipuš</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang>согд.</lang>
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<w type="rec">špiš</w> (<w>špšh</w>) <gloss><q>вошь</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>spiš-</w>
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<gloss>название какого-то вредного насекомого</gloss></mentioned>. О фонетических
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вариантах этого слова см.: <bibl><author>Yarshater</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOAS"/>
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<biblScope>1959 XXII 57</biblScope></bibl> (со ссылкой на
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<bibl><author>Morgenstierne</author></bibl>). — <bibl><author>Gershevitch</author>,
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<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_TPhS"/>
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<biblScope xml:lang="ru">1964, стр. 16</biblScope></bibl>. <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
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<biblScope>III 157</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/>
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<biblScope>31</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
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<biblScope>57</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
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<biblScope>572</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">The initial <c>s-</c>, like in some other cases, goes back to
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<c>sp-</c>, cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_syʒ"><w>syʒ-</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_soj"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Sidæmon"/>. The word is traced back
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to <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">spiš-</w>
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<gloss><q>louse</q></gloss></mentioned> with the augment <c>-t</c> | <c>-tæ</c>, like in
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_myst"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">myst</w>
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<w xml:lang="os-x-digor">mistæ</w>
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<gloss><q>mouse</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cæst"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">cæst</w>
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<w>cæstæ</w>
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<gloss><q>eye</q></gloss></ref>, Digor <ref type="xr" target="#entry_nostæ"><w>nostæ</w>
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<gloss><q>daughter-in-law</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sæftæg"><w>sæftæg</w>
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<gloss><q>hoof</q></gloss></ref> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
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<biblScope>572</biblScope></bibl>). Cf. <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>šipiš</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="tg"><lang/>
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<w>šabušk</w>, <w>šubušk</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="tg-x-dial"><note type="comment">(in dialects spoken in Iran)</note>
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<w>šupuš</w>, <w>išpiš</w>, <w>üšpüš</w>, <w>espes</w>, <w>espaz</w>,
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<w>isfiǰ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>spiš</w>, <w>spuš</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
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<w>spi</w>, <w>sipi</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
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<w>spəẓ̌a</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="wne"><lang/>
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<w>špəž</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="mnj"><lang/>
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<w>səpəya</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ydg"><lang/>
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<w>spūo</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
|
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<w>sipaɣ̌</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yah"><lang/>
|
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<w>sẹpaw</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="isk"><lang/>
|
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<w>səpul</w>, <w>s(ə)pəl</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sgy"><lang/>
|
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<w>spəl</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
|
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<w>šiš</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
|
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<w>šipuš</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
|
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<w type="rec">špiš</w> (<w>špšh</w>) <gloss><q>louse</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
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<w>spiš-</w>
|
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|
<gloss>name of a harmful insect</gloss></mentioned>. For phonetic variants of the word,
|
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|
|
see: <bibl><author>Yarshater</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOAS"/>
|
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|
|
<biblScope>1959 XXII 57</biblScope></bibl> (with reference to
|
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|
|
<bibl><author>Morgenstierne</author></bibl>). — <bibl><author>Gershevitch</author>,
|
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|
|
<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_TPhS"/>
|
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|
|
<biblScope xml:lang="en">1964, p. 16</biblScope></bibl>. <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
|
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|
|
<biblScope>III 157</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/>
|
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|
|
<biblScope>31</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
|
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|
|
<biblScope>57</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
|
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|
|
<biblScope>572</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
|
|||
|
|
</entry>
|
|||
|
|
</body>
|
|||
|
|
</text>
|
|||
|
|
</TEI>
|