140 lines
10 KiB
XML
140 lines
10 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">wīdyg</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_wīdyg" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
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<form xml:id="form_d1944e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>wīdyg</orth></form>
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<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>wedug</orth><form type="variant"><orth>jedug</orth></form></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d1944e69">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>ложка</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>spoon</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(xæʒaræj) xastoj wærdættæm... ḱyryntæ,
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stʼoltæ, bandættæ, agtæ, tæbæǧtæ, <oRef>wīdg˳ytæ</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(из дома) выносили на арбы сундуки, столы,
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стулья, кастрюли, тарелки, ложки</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(from the house) [they] put the chests, tables,
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chairs, pots, plates, spoons on the bullock-carts</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Arsen"/>
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<biblScope>166—167</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">madæ... <oRef>jedūgi</oRef> cækutæ
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sista</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">мать достала в ложке поджаренные зерна</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mother took out roasted grains in a spoon</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
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<biblScope>13</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к <w type="rec">waituka-</w>. От базы <m type="rec">wai-</m>,
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и. е. <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">wei-</w>
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<gloss><q>вить</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>гнуть</q></gloss></mentioned> и пр. были
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производные как с формантом <m>-ti-</m> (<w type="rec">waiti-</w>
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<gloss><q>ива</q></gloss>), так и с формантом <m>-tu-</m>; ср. <mentioned xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
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<w>větvь</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>ветвь</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="prg"><lang/>
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<w>witwan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lv"><lang/>
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<?oxy_comment_start author="админ" timestamp="20230518T120614+0300" comment="не знаю как сделать циркумлекс над точкой"?><w>vîtuõls</w><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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<gloss><q>ива</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
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<w>výtulas</w>
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<gloss><q>пучок (соломы и т. п.)</q></gloss>, <w>vyt̃ùvai</w>
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<gloss><q>палка, на которую наматывается пряжа</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>мотовило</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
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<w>ἴτυς</w>
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<gloss><q>дуга</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>изгиб</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>обод
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колеса</q></gloss></mentioned>. Для ос. <oRef/> следует, вероятно, исходить из
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значения <gloss><q>ива</q></gloss>: предмет был назван по материалу — <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">изделие из ивы</q>. Ср. для семантики <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>darvi-</w>
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<gloss><q>ложка</q></gloss> от <w>dāru</w>
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<gloss><q>дерево</q></gloss></mentioned>; <mentioned xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
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<w>lъžica</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="orv"><lang/>
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<w>лъжъка</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>ложка</w></mentioned>, возможно, связано с <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><w>лоза</w></mentioned>.<hi rendition="#rend_superscript">1</hi><note type="footnote">Крайне сомнительные этимологии слова <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><w>ложка</w></mentioned>
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см.: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Vasmer._REW"/>
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<biblScope>II 53</biblScope></bibl> (с несуществующим ос. <w>alịgdịn</w>
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<gloss><q>делать надрез</q></gloss>).</note> — <bibl><author>Tomashek</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Tomaschek"/>
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<biblScope>799, 855</biblScope></bibl>) возводит <oRef/> к базе <w type="rec">wad-</w>
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<gloss><q>вести</q></gloss> и сопоставляет <mentioned xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
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<w>wadh</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="srh"><lang/>
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<w>wiédh</w>
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<gloss><q>рукоять</q></gloss></mentioned>, а также <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>vadha-</w>
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<gloss><q>Streitkolben</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>Wurfkeule</q></gloss></mentioned>. Не
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говоря о спорной семантике, огласовка осетинского слова препятствует такой этимологии. —
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См. еще <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wīdag"/> и <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wīs_1"/>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">It goes back to <w type="rec">waituka-</w>. From the base <m type="rec">wai-</m>, Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">wei-</w>
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<gloss><q>twist</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>bend</q></gloss></mentioned> etc. there were
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derivatives both with the affix <m>-ti-</m> (<w type="rec">waiti-</w>
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<gloss><q>willow</q></gloss>), and with the affix <m>-tu-</m>; cf. <mentioned xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
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<w>větvь</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>vetv'</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="prg"><lang/>
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<w>witwan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lv"><lang/>
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<?oxy_comment_start author="админ" timestamp="20230518T120614+0300" comment="не знаю как сделать циркумлекс над точкой"?><w>vîtuõls</w><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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<gloss><q>ива</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
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<w>výtulas</w>
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<gloss><q>a bundle (of straw, etc.)</q></gloss>, <w>vyt̃ùvai</w>
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<gloss><q>stick on which yarn is twisted</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>reel</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
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<w>ἴτυς</w>
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<gloss><q>arc</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>bend</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>wheel
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rim</q></gloss></mentioned>. For Ossetic <oRef/> one should, perhaps, proceed from the
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meaning <gloss><q>willow</q></gloss>: the object was named according to its material — <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">willow product</q>. Cf. for semantics <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>darvi-</w>
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<gloss><q>spoon</q></gloss> from <w>dāru</w>
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<gloss><q>wood</q></gloss></mentioned>; <mentioned xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
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<w>lъžica</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="orv"><lang/>
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<w>lъžъka</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>ložka</w></mentioned>, probably, it is connected with <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><w>loza</w></mentioned>.<note type="footnote">Extremely dubious etymologies of the
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word <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><w>ložka</w></mentioned> see: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Vasmer._REW"/>
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<biblScope>II 53</biblScope></bibl> (with nonexistent Ossetic <w>alịgdịn</w>
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<gloss><q>make an incision</q></gloss>).</note> — <bibl><author>Tomashek</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Tomaschek"/>
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<biblScope>799, 855</biblScope></bibl>) traces <oRef/> to the base <w type="rec">wad-</w>
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<gloss><q>lead</q></gloss> and compares it with <mentioned xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
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<w>wadh</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="srh"><lang/>
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<w>wiédh</w>
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<gloss><q>handle</q></gloss></mentioned>, also <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>vadha-</w>
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<gloss><q>Streitkolben</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>Wurfkeule</q></gloss></mentioned>. Not to
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mention the dubious semantics, the vocalization of the Ossetic word prevents this
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etymology. — See also <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wīdag"/> and <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wīs_1"/>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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