213 lines
16 KiB
XML
213 lines
16 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">wīlyn</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_wīlyn" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
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<form xml:id="form_d73e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>wilyn</orth><form type="participle"><orth>wyld</orth></form></form>
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<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>welun</orth><form type="participle"><orth>wild</orth></form><form type="variant"><orth>jelun</orth><form type="participle"><orth>jild</orth></form></form></form>
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<sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d73e69">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>взбрасывать (при игре в альчики, орлянку)</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>throw (during the bone game, the game of pitch-and-toss)</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>würfeln</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>würfeln</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>qūl awīlyn</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">бросить альчик (при игре)</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">throw a knucklebone (during the game)</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">. Изредка встречается и в других сочетаниях. По данным
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фольклора, игра в альчики (бабки) имеет у осетин давнюю традицию. В <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Нартовском</q> эпосе осетин есть эпизод, посвященный
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состязанию в этой игре между Нартом Сосланом и его врагом Елтаганом. Игра носит характер
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волшебства. От броска Сослана возникает куча проса. От броска его противника — куры с
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цыплятами, которые быстро поклевали все просо. Далее появляется с одной стороны кабан, с
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другой — три борзых, которые раздирают кабана. Далее у одного — три голубя, у другого —
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три ястреба, которые ловят голубей..</note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">. Seldom occurs also in the other expressions. According
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to folklore, the bone game have a long tradition among the Ossetians. In <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Nart</q> sagas of the Ossetians there is an episode
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dedicated to the competition in this game between Nart Soslan and his enemy Eltagan. The
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play is in the nature magical. From the Soslan's throw a heap of millet occured. From the
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throw of his enemy emerged chickens with chicks, which fastly pecked all the millet. Later
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appears, on one side, a boar, on the other — three greyhounds, which tear apart the boar.
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Later one creates three pigeons, another — three hawks, which catch the pigeons..</note>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>awyldta</oRef> Eltaǧan, æmæ ærtæ æxsīn
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æǵy jæ qūlæj ataxt</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">бросил Елтаган, и три голубя вылетели из его
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альчика</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Eltagan threw [knucklebones], and three pigeons
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flew away from his knucklebone</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Нарт._сказ."/>
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<biblScope>82</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">qūltæ ærtæ xatty <oRef>’swīlʒystæm</oRef>,
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æmæ ḱī rambūla, ūj wyʒæn padcax</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">трижды кинем альчики, и кто выиграет, тот
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станет царем</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">three times we'll throw knucklebones, and the
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one who'll win, that one will become a king</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАА"/>
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<biblScope>II 97</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">sawǵyn... wyǵy badt kodta, bonnymajæn
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færdg˳ytæ <oRef>rawīl-bawīl</oRef> kodta</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">поп сидел, как сыч, перебрасывая туда-сюда бусы
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четок</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a priest sat, as an owl, tossing back and forth
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prayer beads</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>88</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">kud sæ fænduj, otæ <oRef>jelæntæ</oRef> sæ
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ǧolæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">пусть бросают свой альчик, как хотят</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">let [they] throw their knucklebone as they
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will</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_LQ"/>
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<biblScope>39</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru"><bibl><author>Вс. Миллер</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
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<biblScope>III 158</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/>
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<biblScope>24</biblScope></bibl>) сопоставлял с <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>vellati</w>
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<gloss><q>шатать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>колебать</q></gloss></mentioned>. Но это слово
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относится к поздней лексике санскрита и не может быть репрезентантом общеарийского
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состояния (<bibl><author>Tedesko</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_JAOS"/>
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<date>1949</date>
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<biblScope>LXIX 104 сл.</biblScope></bibl> — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Mayrhofer"/>
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<biblScope>III 262</biblScope></bibl>). К тому же фонема <c>l</c> имеет в осетинском и
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санскрите совсем разную историю и прямое их отождествление в этимологическом плане было бы
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ошибкой. Ос. <oRef/> восходит, скорее всего, к <w type="rec">warya-</w> (как <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sīmyn"/> к <w type="rec">samya-</w> и т. п.), имея в виду иран.
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<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">var-</w></mentioned>, и.е. <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">wel-</w>
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<gloss><q>вертеть</q></gloss></mentioned>, <gloss><q>катать</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>валять</q></gloss> и пр. (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
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<biblScope>1140—1144</biblScope></bibl>). В этом случае ср. <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
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<w>bīr-</w> из (<w type="rec">warya-</w>, а не <w type="rec">barya-</w>)
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<gloss><q>кидать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>var-</w>
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<gloss><q>вертеть</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AiW"/>
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<biblScope>1362 сл.</biblScope></bibl>) и многочисленные европейские параллели, в том
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числе <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>валять</w></mentioned> и другие славянские факты (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Vasmer._REW"/>
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<biblScope>I 165— 166</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
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<w>volióti</w>
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<gloss><q>катать туда-сюда</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Fraenkel"/>
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<biblScope>II 1273</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
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<w>volvo</w>, <w>volvere</w>
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<gloss><q>катать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>вращать</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Ernout-Meillet"/>
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<biblScope>1132—1133</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
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<w>gelum</w>
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<gloss><q>крутить</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>вращать</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Arm._Gr."/>
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<biblScope>433</biblScope></bibl>). — На иранской почве
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<bibl><author>Morgensterne</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._IIFL"/>
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<biblScope>I 42</biblScope>)</bibl> сопоставлял еще <mentioned xml:lang="prc"><lang/>
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<w>γēl-</w>
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<gloss><q>to roll</q></gloss></mentioned>. В сращении с превербом <m>ham-</m> (<w type="rec">ham-warya-</w>) имеем ос. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æwwīlyn"><w>æwwīlyn</w>
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<gloss><q>жевать</q></gloss></ref> из <w>æm-wīlyn</w> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИЭС_I"/>
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<biblScope>216</biblScope></bibl>).</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en"><bibl><author>Ws. Miller</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
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<biblScope>III 158</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/>
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<biblScope>24</biblScope></bibl>) compared it with <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>vellati</w>
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<gloss><q>sway</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>shake</q></gloss></mentioned>. But this word
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belongs to the late vocabulary of Sanskrit and cannot be a representant of common Aryan
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condition (<bibl><author>Tedesko</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_JAOS"/>
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<date>1949</date>
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<biblScope>LXIX 104 ff.</biblScope></bibl> — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Mayrhofer"/>
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<biblScope>III 262</biblScope></bibl>). In addition, the phoneme <c>l</c> has in Ossetic
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and in Sanskrit a very different history and direct identification of these words in terms
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of etymology would be a mistake. Ossetic <oRef/> goes back, most likely, to <w type="rec">warya-</w> (as <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sīmyn"/> to <w type="rec">samya-</w> and
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so on), concerning Iranian <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">var-</w></mentioned>,
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Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">wel-</w>
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<gloss><q>twirl</q></gloss></mentioned>, <gloss><q>roll</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>drag</q></gloss> etc. (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
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<biblScope>1140—1144</biblScope></bibl>). In this case cf. <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
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<w>bīr-</w> from (<w type="rec">warya-</w>, but not from <w type="rec">barya-</w>)
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<gloss><q>throw</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>var-</w>
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<gloss><q>twirl</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AiW"/>
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<biblScope>1362 ff.</biblScope></bibl>) and numerous European parallels, including
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<mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>valjat'</w></mentioned> and the other Slavic facts (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Vasmer._REW"/>
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<biblScope>I 165— 166</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
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<w>volióti</w>
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<gloss><q>roll back and forth</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Fraenkel"/>
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<biblScope>II 1273</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
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<w>volvo</w>, <w>volvere</w>
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<gloss><q>roll</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>rotate</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Ernout-Meillet"/>
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<biblScope>1132—1133</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
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<w>gelum</w>
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<gloss><q>twirl</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>rotate</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Arm._Gr."/>
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<biblScope>433</biblScope></bibl>). — On the Iranian base
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<bibl><author>Morgensterne</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._IIFL"/>
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<biblScope>I 42</biblScope>)</bibl> compared the word also with <mentioned xml:lang="prc"><lang/>
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<w>γēl-</w>
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<gloss><q>to roll</q></gloss></mentioned>. Because of fusion with the preverb
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<m>ham-</m> (<w type="rec">ham-warya-</w>) we have Ossetic <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æwwīlyn"><w>æwwīlyn</w>
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<gloss><q>chew</q></gloss></ref>, from <w>æm-wīlyn</w> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИЭС_I"/>
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<biblScope>216</biblScope></bibl>).</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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|
</text>
|
|||
|
|
</TEI>
|