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2025-03-21 13:42:40 +03:00
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<titleStmt>
<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ævz-</hi></title>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
</sourceDesc>
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<tagsDecl>
<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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<text>
<body>
<entry xml:id="entry_ævz-" xml:lang="os">
<form xml:id="form_d3351e66" type="lemma"><orth>ævz-</orth><form xml:id="form_d3351e68" type="variant"><orth>æfs-</orth></form></form>
<re xml:id="re_d3351e71">
<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">в словах: </note>
<note type="comment" xml:lang="en">in the following words: </note>
<re xml:id="re_d3351e79" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<lang/>
<form xml:id="form_d3351e83" type="lemma"><orth>ævzæn</orth></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d3351e86"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>пчелиный рой, из которого выделяется второй рой</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>a swarm of bees from which the second swarm stands out</q>
</abv:tr></sense>
</re>
<re xml:id="re_d3351e97">
<form xml:id="form_d3351e99" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>ævzænʒū</orth></form>
<form xml:id="form_d3351e102" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>ævzænʒo</orth></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d3351e105"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>второе роение</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>second swarming</q>
</abv:tr></sense>
</re>
<re xml:id="re_d3351e116">
<form xml:id="form_d3351e118" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>æfsyz</orth></form>
<form xml:id="form_d3351e121" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>æfsiz</orth></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d3351e124"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>выделившийся второй рой</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>separated second swarm</q>
</abv:tr></sense>
</re>
<re xml:id="re_d3351e136" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<lang/>
<form xml:id="form_d3351e140" type="lemma"><orth>ævzakʼæ</orth></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d3351e143"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>пчелы, прибавляемые в малочисленный улей для его усиления</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>bees added to a small hive to enhance it</q>
</abv:tr></sense>
</re>
<re xml:id="re_d3351e154" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<lang/>
<form xml:id="form_d3351e158" type="lemma"><orth>ævzæǧod</orth></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d3351e161"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>внутренняя покрышка улья</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>inner cover of a hive</q>
</abv:tr></sense>
</re>
<re xml:id="re_d3351e172" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<lang/>
<form xml:id="form_d3351e176" type="lemma"><orth>ævzænqure</orth></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d3351e179"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>название медоносного растения</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>the name of a honey plant</q>
</abv:tr></sense>
</re>
<re xml:id="re_d3351e190">
<form xml:id="form_d3351e192" type="lemma"><orth>ævzækʼec</orth></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d3351e195"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>id.</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>id.</q>
</abv:tr></sense>
</re>
</re>
<etym xml:lang="ru">По-видимому, старое, забытое название пчелы, совпадающее с
общеиндоевропейским названием осы: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3351e421" xml:id="mentioned_d3351e209" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
<w>*wabza-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3351e426" xml:id="mentioned_d3351e214" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><w>*wapsa-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3351e429" xml:id="mentioned_d3351e217" xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
<w>gvabz</w>
<gloss><q>пчела</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3351e437" xml:id="mentioned_d3351e225" xml:lang="x-balochi"><w/>
<gloss><q>оса</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3351e443" xml:id="mentioned_d3351e231" xml:lang="x-balochi"><w/>
<gloss><q>шершень</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3351e450" xml:id="mentioned_d3351e238" xml:lang="ydg"><lang/>
<w>wofšīo</w></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._IIFL"/><biblScope>II 58</biblScope></bibl>),
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3351e459" xml:id="mentioned_d3351e247" xml:lang="mnj"><lang/>
<w>wāfšiya</w>
<gloss><q>оса</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3351e467" xml:id="mentioned_d3351e255" xml:lang="mnj"><w/>
<gloss><q>овод</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3351e473" xml:id="mentioned_d3351e261" xml:lang="mnj"><w/>
<gloss><q>слепень</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Зарубин._Мундж."/><biblScope>174</biblScope></bibl>),
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3351e484" xml:id="mentioned_d3351e272" xml:lang="oru"><lang/>
<w>buzwa</w>
<gloss><q>паук</q></gloss></mentioned> (←<hi rendition="#rend_italic">*wabza</hi>-:
<bibl><biblScope><hi rendition="#rend_bold">IIFL I 390</hi></biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3351e495" xml:id="mentioned_d3351e283" xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
<w>wowehzaleh</w>
<gloss><q>оса</q></gloss></mentioned>
(<bibl><author>Houtum-Schindler</author><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ZDMG"/><biblScope>XXXVIII 94</biblScope></bibl>),
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3351e508" xml:id="mentioned_d3351e296" xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
<w>ɣužvik(←*vuvžik?)</w>
<gloss><q>оса</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Андреев._Ягн."/></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3351e520" xml:id="mentioned_d3351e308" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
<w>*āwžāk(’'wz’k)</w></mentioned>
(<bibl><author>Benveniste</author><biblScope>%bJournal of the К. R. Cama
Oriental Institute%b V 20</biblScope></bibl>. —
<bibl><author>Charpantier</author><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AO"/><biblScope>VII 186 сл.</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3351e534" xml:id="mentioned_d3351e322" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
<w>vaβž</w>
<gloss><q>оса</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3351e542" xml:id="mentioned_d3351e330" xml:lang="pal"><w/>
<gloss><q>пчела</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><author>Bailey</author><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_JRAS"/><biblScope>1931, стр.
426</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3351e554" xml:id="mentioned_d3351e342" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
<w>vawžaka-</w></mentioned>название какого-то дэвовского животного,
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3351e559" xml:id="mentioned_d3351e347" xml:lang="goh"><lang/>
<w>wefsa</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3351e564" xml:id="mentioned_d3351e352" xml:lang="ang"><lang/>
<w>wæfs</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3351e569" xml:id="mentioned_d3351e357" xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
<w>vapsà</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3351e574" xml:id="mentioned_d3351e362" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
<w>osa</w><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru"> (из *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">опса</hi>)</note></mentioned>,
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3351e581" xml:id="mentioned_d3351e369" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
<w>vespa</w>
<gloss><q>wasp</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3351e590" xml:id="mentioned_d3351e378" xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
<w>u̯abh-so-</w></mentioned> (<bibl><author>PauI</author><biblScope xml:lang="ru">Wōrter und Sachen XX 32 сл., 62 сл.</biblScope></bibl>).
Для отпадения начального <hi rendition="#rend_italic">w</hi> в осетинском (*<hi rendition="#rend_italic">wævz</hi> → <hi rendition="#rend_italic">æwz</hi>) ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_aryn"/>, д. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ædta"/>.
Культура пчеловодства в Осетии очень древняя (см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_myd"/> ‘мед’). В Дигории существовал даже культ особого
божества, покровителя пчеловодов, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Anigol</hi>, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Anægol</hi>. В силу этих именно
культовых представлений, которыми было окружено пчеловодство, старое название
пчелы <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ævz</hi>- было вытеснено из обихода под действием табу (см.:
<bibl><author>R. Gauthiоt</author><biblScope xml:lang="ru">%bLes noms de
l’abeille et de la ruche%b. MSL XVI 265 сл.</biblScope></bibl>); такая же судьба постигла старое название волка
(см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Wærxæg"/> и <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bīræǧ"/>). Современное название пчелы <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mydybynʒ"/> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">mudbinʒæ</hi> значит „медовая муха“. —
<mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d3351e406" xml:lang="kbd"><lang/>
<w>bzä</w>
<gloss><q>пчела</q></gloss></mentioned> идет, возможно, из
осетинского.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>I
61</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
<etym xml:lang="en">It seems that it is an ancient name of a bee which is coincident
with a common Indo-European notion of wasp: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3351e209" xml:id="mentioned_d3351e421" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
<w>*wabza-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3351e214" xml:id="mentioned_d3351e426" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><w>*wapsa-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3351e217" xml:id="mentioned_d3351e429" xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
<w>gvabz</w>
<gloss><q>bee</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3351e225" xml:id="mentioned_d3351e437" xml:lang="x-balochi"><w/>
<gloss><q>wasp</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3351e231" xml:id="mentioned_d3351e443" xml:lang="x-balochi"><w/>
<gloss><q>hornet</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3351e238" xml:id="mentioned_d3351e450" xml:lang="ydg"><lang/>
<w>wofšīo</w></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._IIFL"/><biblScope>II 58</biblScope></bibl>),
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3351e247" xml:id="mentioned_d3351e459" xml:lang="mnj"><lang/>
<w>wāfšiya</w>
<gloss><q>wasp</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3351e255" xml:id="mentioned_d3351e467" xml:lang="mnj"><w/>
<gloss><q>botfly</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3351e261" xml:id="mentioned_d3351e473" xml:lang="mnj"><w/>
<gloss><q>gadfly</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Зарубин._Мундж."/><biblScope>174</biblScope></bibl>),
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3351e272" xml:id="mentioned_d3351e484" xml:lang="oru"><lang/>
<w>buzwa</w>
<gloss><q>spider</q></gloss></mentioned> (←<hi rendition="#rend_italic">*wabza</hi>-:
<bibl><biblScope><hi rendition="#rend_bold">IIFL I 390</hi></biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3351e283" xml:id="mentioned_d3351e495" xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
<w>wowehzaleh</w>
<gloss><q>wasp</q></gloss></mentioned>
(<bibl><author>Houtum-Schindler</author><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ZDMG"/><biblScope>XXXVIII 94</biblScope></bibl>),
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3351e296" xml:id="mentioned_d3351e508" xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
<w>ɣužvik(←*vuvžik?)</w>
<gloss><q>wasp</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Андреев._Ягн."/></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3351e308" xml:id="mentioned_d3351e520" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
<w>*āwžāk(’'wz’k)</w></mentioned>
(<bibl><author>Benveniste</author><biblScope>Journal of the K. R. Cama
Oriental Institute V 20</biblScope></bibl>. —
<bibl><author>Charpantier</author><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AO"/><biblScope>VII 186ff.</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3351e322" xml:id="mentioned_d3351e534" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
<w>vaβž</w>
<gloss><q>wasp</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3351e330" xml:id="mentioned_d3351e542" xml:lang="pal"><w/>
<gloss><q>bee</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><author>Bailey</author><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_JRAS"/><biblScope>1931, p.
426</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3351e342" xml:id="mentioned_d3351e554" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
<w>vawžaka-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3351e347" xml:id="mentioned_d3351e559" xml:lang="goh"><lang/>
<w>wefsa</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3351e352" xml:id="mentioned_d3351e564" xml:lang="ang"><lang/>
<w>wæfs</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3351e357" xml:id="mentioned_d3351e569" xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
<w>vapsà</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3351e362" xml:id="mentioned_d3351e574" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
<w>osa</w><note type="comment" xml:lang="en"> (from *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">opsa</hi>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3351e369" xml:id="mentioned_d3351e581" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
<w>vespa</w>
<gloss><q>wasp</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3351e378" xml:id="mentioned_d3351e590" xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
<w>u̯abh-so-</w></mentioned> (<bibl><author>PauI</author><biblScope>Wōrter
und Sachen XX 32ff., 62ff.</biblScope></bibl>). As for the loss of the
initial <hi rendition="#rend_italic">w</hi> in Ossetic (*<hi rendition="#rend_italic">wævz</hi> → <hi rendition="#rend_italic">æwz</hi>) cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_aryn"/>, Digor <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ædta"/>. The
culture of beekeeping in Ossetia is very ancient (see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_myd"/> ‘honey’). There was even a worship of a special deity,
the patron of beekeepers, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Anigol</hi>, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Anægol</hi>. Due to these culture
representations which surrounded beekeeping, the ancient name for a bee <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ævz</hi>-
was expelled out of use by taboo (see: <bibl><author>R.
Gauthiot</author><biblScope>Les noms de l’abeille et de la ruche. MSL
XVI 265ff.</biblScope></bibl>); the same fate overtook the ancient
notion for wolf (see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Wærxæg"/> and <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bīræǧ"/>). The modern name for bee <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mydybynʒ"/> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">mudbinʒæ</hi> means "honey fly". — <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d3351e616" xml:lang="kbd"><lang/>
<w>bzā</w>
<gloss><q>bee</q></gloss></mentioned> probably comes from
Ossetic.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>I
61</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
</entry>
</body>
</text>
</TEI>
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