277 lines
29 KiB
XML
277 lines
29 KiB
XML
|
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
|
|||
|
|
<teiHeader>
|
|||
|
|
<fileDesc>
|
|||
|
|
<titleStmt>
|
|||
|
|
<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">7fsæn</hi></title>
|
|||
|
|
</titleStmt>
|
|||
|
|
<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
|
|||
|
|
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
|
|||
|
|
<sourceDesc>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
|
|||
|
|
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
|
|||
|
|
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</sourceDesc>
|
|||
|
|
</fileDesc>
|
|||
|
|
<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
|
|||
|
|
<tagsDecl>
|
|||
|
|
<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
|
|||
|
|
<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
|
|||
|
|
<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
|
|||
|
|
<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
|
|||
|
|
</tagsDecl>
|
|||
|
|
</encodingDesc>
|
|||
|
|
</teiHeader>
|
|||
|
|
<text>
|
|||
|
|
<body>
|
|||
|
|
<entry xml:id="entry_7fsæn" xml:lang="os">
|
|||
|
|
<form xml:id="form_d2322e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>ᵆfsæn</orth></form>
|
|||
|
|
<form xml:id="form_d2322e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>æfsæn</orth></form>
|
|||
|
|
<sense xml:id="sense_d2322e72"><sense xml:id="sense_d2322e73"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q>сошник</q>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q>ploughshare bone</q>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d2322e82"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q>лемех</q>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q>ploughshare</q>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr></sense><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">в современном
|
|||
|
|
употреблении —</note><note type="comment" xml:lang="en">in contemporary use
|
|||
|
|
—</note></sense>
|
|||
|
|
<re xml:id="re_d2322e96">
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">в прошлом — вообще ‘железо’, как это видно из
|
|||
|
|
сложных слов</note>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment" xml:lang="en">in the past — ‘iron’ in general, as it is
|
|||
|
|
seen from compound words</note>
|
|||
|
|
<re xml:id="re_d2322e104">
|
|||
|
|
<form xml:id="form_d2322e106" type="lemma"><orth>æfsæn dwar</orth></form>
|
|||
|
|
<sense xml:id="sense_d2322e109"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q>железные ворота</q>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q>iron gates</q>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr></sense>
|
|||
|
|
</re>
|
|||
|
|
<re xml:id="re_d2322e120">
|
|||
|
|
<form xml:id="form_d2322e122" type="lemma"><orth>æfsæn g˳yrd</orth></form>
|
|||
|
|
<sense xml:id="sense_d2322e125"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q>кузнец по железу</q>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q>ironsmith</q>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr></sense>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">и др. Название металла прикрепилось к
|
|||
|
|
важнейшему изготовляемому из него орудию — сошнику; ‘железо’ вообще
|
|||
|
|
стало называться <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æfsæjnag"/>, буквально
|
|||
|
|
„то, из чего делают сошник“ (о значении суффикса <hi rendition="#rend_italic">-ag</hi> в данном случае
|
|||
|
|
см. <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_РОсл."/><biblScope>592 II
|
|||
|
|
2</biblScope></bibl>). Название орудия по материалу, из которого
|
|||
|
|
оно сделано, — нередкое явление; в <hi rendition="#rend_bold">язгулемском</hi> языке отмечено точно
|
|||
|
|
такое же движение значения: ‘железо’→ ‘лемех’, ‘сошник’ (см. ниже); ос.
|
|||
|
|
<ref type="xr" target="#entry_qæd_1"/> ‘дерево’ значит также ‘ручка’,
|
|||
|
|
‘топорище’; ср. <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d2322e145" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>σίδερος</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>железо</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d2322e153" xml:lang="grc"><w/><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">→</note>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>меч</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d2322e162" xml:lang="grc"><w/>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>топор</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d2322e168" xml:lang="grc"><w/>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>серп</q></gloss></mentioned> и др. Возможно и обратное
|
|||
|
|
движение — от названия орудия к названию металла, например <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d2322e174" xml:lang="udm"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>kort</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d2322e179" xml:lang="kv"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>kōrt</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d2322e184" xml:lang="kca" dialect="kca"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>karta</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>железо</q></gloss></mentioned> ← <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d2322e192" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>*karta-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>нож</q></gloss></mentioned></note>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment" xml:lang="en">etc. The name of the metal was attached
|
|||
|
|
to the most important tool made from it — the ploughshare bone; iron in
|
|||
|
|
general was called <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æfsæjnag"/>, literally
|
|||
|
|
‘thing of which a ploughshare bone is made’ (about the meaning of the
|
|||
|
|
suffix <hi rendition="#rend_italic">-ag</hi> in this case see <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_РОсл."/><biblScope>592 II 2</biblScope></bibl>).
|
|||
|
|
The name of a tool based on the material from which it is made is not
|
|||
|
|
uncommon; in the language, exactly the same movement of the meaning is
|
|||
|
|
noted: ‘iron’ → ‘plowshare’, ‘ploughshare bone’ (see below); Ossetic
|
|||
|
|
<ref type="xr" target="#entry_qæd_1"/> ‘wood’ also means ‘handle’,
|
|||
|
|
‘axe-handle’; cf. <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d2322e210" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>σίδερος</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>iron</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d2322e218" xml:lang="grc"><w/><note type="comment" xml:lang="en">→</note>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>sword</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d2322e227" xml:lang="grc"><w/>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>axe</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d2322e233" xml:lang="grc"><w/>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>sickle</q></gloss></mentioned> etc. The reverse movement
|
|||
|
|
is also possible — from the name of the tool to the name of the metal,
|
|||
|
|
for example <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d2322e239" xml:lang="udm"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>kort</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d2322e244" xml:lang="kv"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>kōrt</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d2322e249" xml:lang="kca" dialect="kca"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>karta</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>iron</q></gloss></mentioned> ← <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d2322e257" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>*karta-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>knife</q></gloss></mentioned></note>
|
|||
|
|
</re>
|
|||
|
|
</re>
|
|||
|
|
<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d2322e267">
|
|||
|
|
<abv:example xml:id="example_d2322e269">
|
|||
|
|
<quote>Amiran æfsæn ærḱʼītæ æmæ æfsæjnagbyn læʒæg yskodta</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q>Амиран сделал железную обувь и палку с железным наконечником</q>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q>Amiran made iron shoes and a stick with an iron tip</q>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:example>
|
|||
|
|
<abv:example xml:id="example_d2322e284" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
|||
|
|
<usg><lang/></usg>
|
|||
|
|
<quote>æfsæn dwar nixkædta</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q>он запер железные ворота</q>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q>he locked the iron gates</q>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl><biblScope>6%l7–8%l</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:example>
|
|||
|
|
<abv:example xml:id="example_d2322e305">
|
|||
|
|
<quote>ūdonæn sæ rægawæn æfsænʒyx bīræǧ æmæ æfsænʒyx synt æmæ æfsænʒyx wyrs
|
|||
|
|
qaqqænæg wydysty</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q>сторожами их табуна были волк с железной пастью, ворон с железным
|
|||
|
|
клювом и жеребец с железной мордой</q>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q>the watchmen of their herd were a wolf with an iron mouth, a raven
|
|||
|
|
with an iron beak and a stallion with an iron muzzle</q>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОТ"/><biblScope>81</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:example>
|
|||
|
|
<abv:example xml:id="example_d2322e324" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
|||
|
|
<usg><lang/></usg>
|
|||
|
|
<quote>sædæ æfsæni ma sædæ ʒirǧægi æ duwwæ usqebæl ærawiǧta</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q>сто лемехов и сто резцов навесил он на свои два плеча</q>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q>he hung a hundred plowshares and a hundred incisors on his two
|
|||
|
|
shoulders</q>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/><biblScope>II
|
|||
|
|
66</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:example>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:exampleGrp>
|
|||
|
|
<etym xml:lang="ru">Древнеиранская форма закономерно восстанавливается в виде
|
|||
|
|
<hi rendition="#rend_italic">*spana-</hi>, с метатезой <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*safna-</hi>. Последнюю форму мы находим в <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2322e572" xml:id="mentioned_d2322e350" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>hao-safnaena-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>стальной</q></gloss></mentioned> от <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2322e580" xml:id="mentioned_d2322e358" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>*hu-safna-, *hu-spana-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>сталь</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2322e588" xml:id="mentioned_d2322e366" xml:lang="ae"><w/><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">буквально</note>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>доброе (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">hu-</hi>) железо (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">spana-</hi>)</q></gloss></mentioned>.
|
|||
|
|
Форма <hi rendition="#rend_italic">hao-</hi> — результат подъема (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">vṛddhi</hi>) формы <hi rendition="#rend_italic">hu-</hi>, как в
|
|||
|
|
<hi rendition="#rend_italic">hao-sravah-</hi> из <hi rendition="#rend_italic">hu-sravah-</hi> и др. Слово хорошо представлено в
|
|||
|
|
восточноиранских языках: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2322e596" xml:id="mentioned_d2322e374" xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>ōspana, ōspīna</w></mentioned> (к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2322e601" xml:id="mentioned_d2322e379" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>*hao-safna-</w></mentioned>?), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2322e607" xml:id="mentioned_d2322e385" xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>sepén, səpén, sepīn</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2322e612" xml:id="mentioned_d2322e390" xml:lang="isk"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>s%rə%rpūn</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2322e617" xml:id="mentioned_d2322e395" xml:lang="sgy"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>%rə%ršpōn</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2322e622" xml:id="mentioned_d2322e400" xml:lang="srh"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>spin</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2322e627" xml:id="mentioned_d2322e405" xml:lang="mnj"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>yūspən</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2322e632" xml:id="mentioned_d2322e410" xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>yiš%rə%rn</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>железо</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2322e641" xml:id="mentioned_d2322e419" xml:lang="yah"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>s%rə%rpun</w><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru"> (ед. ч.)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2322e648" xml:id="mentioned_d2322e426" xml:lang="yah"><w>s%rə%rpanaθ</w><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru"> (мн.
|
|||
|
|
ч.)</note>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>лемех</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2322e656" xml:id="mentioned_d2322e434" xml:lang="yah"><w/>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>сошник</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2322e662" xml:id="mentioned_d2322e440" xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>hīsaṃ (←*hu-švanya-?)</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2322e667" xml:id="mentioned_d2322e445" xml:lang="xco"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>ispani</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2322e672" xml:id="mentioned_d2322e450" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>*aspan- (ʽspn-)</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>железо</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2322e681" xml:id="mentioned_d2322e459" xml:lang="sog"><w>*aspanēn (ʽspnyn-)</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>железный</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2322e687" xml:id="mentioned_d2322e465" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>*safna-</w></mentioned> (в <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2322e692" xml:id="mentioned_d2322e470" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>hao-safna-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>сталь</q></gloss></mentioned>). Это же слово скрывается,
|
|||
|
|
по-видимому, в <hi rendition="#rend_bold">скифском</hi> собственном имени <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2322e700" xml:id="mentioned_d2322e478" xml:lang="xsc"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>ʽόσπινμαζος</w><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">из <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ospin-baz</hi>
|
|||
|
|
„железно-рукий“ (в первой части <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ospin</hi> из <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*hu-spaina</hi>, во второй
|
|||
|
|
<hi rendition="#rend_italic">bazū-</hi> ‘рука’?)</note></mentioned>. Отношение перечисленных восточноиранских форм к
|
|||
|
|
западноиранским названиям железа (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2322e707" xml:id="mentioned_d2322e485" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>āhan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2322e712" xml:id="mentioned_d2322e490" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>āsīn</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2322e718" xml:id="mentioned_d2322e496" xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>āsin</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2322e723" xml:id="mentioned_d2322e501" xml:lang="tly"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>ōsən</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2322e728" xml:id="mentioned_d2322e506" xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>hāsin</w></mentioned> и пр.) не ясно. По происхождению слово родственно,
|
|||
|
|
вероятно, с <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2322e733" xml:id="mentioned_d2322e511" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>span-, spənta-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>святой</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2322e741" xml:id="mentioned_d2322e519" xml:lang="ae"><w/><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">первоначально —</note>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>происходящий с неба</q></gloss></mentioned>: металлам
|
|||
|
|
приписывалось небесное происхождение (см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ævzīst"/> ‘серебро’). <note type="footnote" n="1"> PUT NOTE HERE </note> Кроме железа,
|
|||
|
|
к древнейшему, иранскому слою осетинского языка относится название стали,
|
|||
|
|
золота, возможно — и серебра. См. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ændon"/>, также
|
|||
|
|
<ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærzæt"/> ‘руда’.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>II 86, III
|
|||
|
|
11</biblScope></bibl> (здесь привлекается и <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2322e763" xml:id="mentioned_d2322e541" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>hao-safna-</w></mentioned>, что не мешает <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Benveniste</hi>’y утверждать,
|
|||
|
|
будто „personne n’a rapproché <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ōspana</hi> de av. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*haosafna-</hi>“); <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/><biblScope>31</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._PSt."/><biblScope>10</biblScope></bibl>. —
|
|||
|
|
<bibl><author>Benveniste</author><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_MSL"/><biblScope xml:lang="ru">1927 XXIII 132 сл</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._EVP"/><biblScope>XII
|
|||
|
|
107</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>52, 158, 313</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
|
|||
|
|
<etym xml:lang="en">The old Iranian form is naturally traced back in the form
|
|||
|
|
<hi rendition="#rend_italic">*spana-</hi>, with the metathesis <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*safna-</hi>. The latter form is found in
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2322e350" xml:id="mentioned_d2322e572" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>hao-safnaena-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>steel (adj.)</q></gloss></mentioned> from <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2322e358" xml:id="mentioned_d2322e580" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>*hu-safna-, *hu-spana-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>steel (n.)</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2322e366" xml:id="mentioned_d2322e588" xml:lang="ae"><w/><note type="comment" xml:lang="en">literally</note>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>good (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">hu-</hi>) iron (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">spana-</hi>)</q></gloss></mentioned>. The form
|
|||
|
|
<hi rendition="#rend_italic">hao-</hi> is the result of the <hi rendition="#rend_bold">ablaut</hi> (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">vṛddhi</hi>) of a form <hi rendition="#rend_italic">hu-</hi>, as in
|
|||
|
|
<hi rendition="#rend_italic">hao-sravah-</hi> from <hi rendition="#rend_italic">hu-sravah-</hi> etc. The word is well shown in East Iranian
|
|||
|
|
languages: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2322e374" xml:id="mentioned_d2322e596" xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>ōspana, ōspīna</w></mentioned> (to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2322e379" xml:id="mentioned_d2322e601" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>*hao-safna-</w></mentioned>?), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2322e385" xml:id="mentioned_d2322e607" xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>sepén, səpén, sepīn</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2322e390" xml:id="mentioned_d2322e612" xml:lang="isk"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>s%rə%rpūn</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2322e395" xml:id="mentioned_d2322e617" xml:lang="sgy"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>%rə%ršpōn</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2322e400" xml:id="mentioned_d2322e622" xml:lang="srh"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>spin</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2322e405" xml:id="mentioned_d2322e627" xml:lang="mnj"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>yūspən</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2322e410" xml:id="mentioned_d2322e632" xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>yiš%rə%rn</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>iron</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2322e419" xml:id="mentioned_d2322e641" xml:lang="yah"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>s%rə%rpun</w><note type="comment" xml:lang="en"> (singular)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2322e426" xml:id="mentioned_d2322e648" xml:lang="yah"><w>s%rə%rpanaθ</w><note type="comment" xml:lang="en"> (plural)</note>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>ploughshare</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2322e434" xml:id="mentioned_d2322e656" xml:lang="yah"><w/>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>ploughshare bone</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2322e440" xml:id="mentioned_d2322e662" xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>hīsaṃ (←*hu-švanya-?)</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2322e445" xml:id="mentioned_d2322e667" xml:lang="xco"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>ispani</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2322e450" xml:id="mentioned_d2322e672" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>*aspan- (ʽspn-)</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>iron</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2322e459" xml:id="mentioned_d2322e681" xml:lang="sog"><w>*aspanēn (ʽspnyn-)</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>iron (adj.)</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2322e465" xml:id="mentioned_d2322e687" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>*safna-</w></mentioned> (in <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2322e470" xml:id="mentioned_d2322e692" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>hao-safna-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>steel</q></gloss></mentioned>). Apparently the same word is found
|
|||
|
|
in a<hi rendition="#rend_bold">Scythian</hi> proper name <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2322e478" xml:id="mentioned_d2322e700" xml:lang="xsc"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>ʽόσπινμαζος</w><note type="comment" xml:lang="en">from
|
|||
|
|
<hi rendition="#rend_italic">ospin-baz</hi> ‘iron-handed’ (in the first part there is <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ospin</hi> from
|
|||
|
|
<hi rendition="#rend_italic">*hu-spaina</hi>, in the second part there is <hi rendition="#rend_italic">bazū-</hi>
|
|||
|
|
‘hand’?)</note></mentioned>. The ratio of the listed Eastern Iranian forms
|
|||
|
|
to the Western Iranian names for iron (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2322e485" xml:id="mentioned_d2322e707" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>āhan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2322e490" xml:id="mentioned_d2322e712" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>āsīn</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2322e496" xml:id="mentioned_d2322e718" xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>āsin</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2322e501" xml:id="mentioned_d2322e723" xml:lang="tly"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>ōsən</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2322e506" xml:id="mentioned_d2322e728" xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>hāsin</w></mentioned> etc.) is not clear. Its origin is probably related
|
|||
|
|
to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2322e511" xml:id="mentioned_d2322e733" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>span-, spənta-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>saint</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2322e519" xml:id="mentioned_d2322e741" xml:lang="ae"><w/><note type="comment" xml:lang="en">initially —</note>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>coming from the sky</q></gloss></mentioned>: metals were
|
|||
|
|
attributed to celestial origin (see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ævzīst"/>
|
|||
|
|
‘silver’). <note type="footnote" n="1"> PUT NOTE HERE </note> In addition to
|
|||
|
|
iron, the name of steel, gold, and possibly silver belongs to the most ancient
|
|||
|
|
Iranian layer of the Ossetic language. See <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ændon"/>, and also <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærzæt"/> ‘ore’.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>II 86, III
|
|||
|
|
11</biblScope></bibl> (see also <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2322e541" xml:id="mentioned_d2322e763" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>hao-safna-</w></mentioned>, which does not hinder <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Benveniste</hi> from
|
|||
|
|
arguing that ‘personne n’a rapproché <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ōspana</hi> de av. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*haosafna-</hi>’);
|
|||
|
|
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/><biblScope>31</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._PSt."/><biblScope>10</biblScope></bibl>. —
|
|||
|
|
<bibl><author>Benveniste</author><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_MSL"/><biblScope xml:lang="en">1927 XXIII 132 ff</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._EVP"/><biblScope>XII
|
|||
|
|
107</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>52, 158, 313</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="footnote" xml:lang="ru" n="1">О значении и происхождении <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d2322e794" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>span, spənta-</w></mentioned> см.: <bibl><biblScope xml:lang="ru">J.
|
|||
|
|
Hertel. Beiträge zur Erklärung des Awestas und des Vedas. Leipzig, 1929,
|
|||
|
|
стр. 116—151</biblScope></bibl>.</note>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="footnote" xml:lang="en" n="1">About the meaning and origin of <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d2322e808" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>span, spənta-</w></mentioned> see: <bibl><biblScope xml:lang="en">J. Hertel. Beiträge zur
|
|||
|
|
Erklärung des Awestas und des Vedas. Leipzig, 1929, p.
|
|||
|
|
116—151</biblScope></bibl>.</note>
|
|||
|
|
</entry>
|
|||
|
|
</body>
|
|||
|
|
</text>
|
|||
|
|
</TEI>
|