200 lines
16 KiB
XML
200 lines
16 KiB
XML
|
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
|
|||
|
|
<teiHeader>
|
|||
|
|
<fileDesc>
|
|||
|
|
<titleStmt>
|
|||
|
|
<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ᵆrxæcyn</hi></title>
|
|||
|
|
</titleStmt>
|
|||
|
|
<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
|
|||
|
|
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
|
|||
|
|
<sourceDesc>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
|
|||
|
|
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
|
|||
|
|
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</sourceDesc>
|
|||
|
|
</fileDesc>
|
|||
|
|
<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
|
|||
|
|
<tagsDecl>
|
|||
|
|
<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
|
|||
|
|
<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
|
|||
|
|
<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
|
|||
|
|
<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
|
|||
|
|
</tagsDecl>
|
|||
|
|
</encodingDesc>
|
|||
|
|
</teiHeader>
|
|||
|
|
<text>
|
|||
|
|
<body>
|
|||
|
|
<entry xml:id="entry_7rxæcyn" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
|
|||
|
|
<form xml:id="form_d5458e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>ᵆrxæcyn</orth><form xml:id="form_d5458e68" type="participle"><orth>ᵆrxæcyd</orth></form></form>
|
|||
|
|
<form xml:id="form_d5458e71" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>ærxwæcun</orth><form xml:id="form_d5458e73" type="participle"><orth>arxwæst</orth></form></form>
|
|||
|
|
<sense xml:id="sense_d5458e76"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q>перхать</q>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q>cough</q>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr></sense>
|
|||
|
|
<re xml:id="re_d5458e86">
|
|||
|
|
<form xml:id="form_d5458e88" type="lemma"><orth>ferxæcyn</orth></form>
|
|||
|
|
<sense xml:id="sense_d5458e91"><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">поперхнуться</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">choke</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr></sense>
|
|||
|
|
</re>
|
|||
|
|
<re xml:id="re_d5458e104">
|
|||
|
|
<form xml:id="form_d5458e106" type="lemma"><orth>ᵆrxæcgæ <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ʒūryn">ʒūryn</ref></orth></form>
|
|||
|
|
<sense xml:id="sense_d5458e112"><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">говорить заикаясь</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">falter</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr></sense>
|
|||
|
|
</re>
|
|||
|
|
<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d5458e126">
|
|||
|
|
<example xml:id="example_d5458e128">
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">īw læg wazægwaty xærgæ-xæryn
|
|||
|
|
<oRef>ferxæcyd</oRef> æmæ jæ ūcy saxat fysym færsy: — Wædæ nyr cal ævsymæry stūt?—
|
|||
|
|
Ūj jæm nyqq˳yrttytæ gængæ, tyxamælttæj ʒūry: — Kæd ma æz fervæzon, wæd ærtæ qælækk
|
|||
|
|
stæm</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">один человек, (будучи) в гостях, во время еды
|
|||
|
|
поперхнулся, и как раз в этот момент хозяин спрашивает его: — Сколько же вас теперь
|
|||
|
|
братьев? — Тот, судорожно глотая, с трудом говорит ему: — Если я еще спасусь, то нас
|
|||
|
|
трое</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">one person, while visiting, choked while
|
|||
|
|
eating, and just at that moment the owner asks him: – How many of you
|
|||
|
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220406T112623+0300" comment="не уверена в переводе"?>are
|
|||
|
|
brothers<?oxy_comment_end ?>? – He says to him with difficulty, swallowing
|
|||
|
|
convulsively: – If I get saved, then there are three of us</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАА"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>II 312</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example xml:id="example_d5458e157">
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">jæ ʒyrdtæ jæ ʒyxæj <oRef>ærxæcgæ</oRef>
|
|||
|
|
cydysty</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">его слова выходили из его уст с поперхиванием
|
|||
|
|
(как бы заикаясь)</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">his words came out of his mouth with a cough
|
|||
|
|
(as if stuttering)</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>17</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example xml:id="example_d5458e182">
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Særæbi, cyma jyl kʼæzænæg baxæcyd ūjaw
|
|||
|
|
<oRef>ferxæc-ferxæcgængæ</oRef> ʒyrdta</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Сараби, как будто к нему пристало заикание,
|
|||
|
|
говорил запинаясь</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Sarabi spoke haltingly, as if stuttering had
|
|||
|
|
stuck to him.</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>1957 IV 69</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example xml:id="example_d5458e207">
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Mada mīdæmæ baxyzt æmæ cydær ysʒurynmæ qavyd,
|
|||
|
|
fælæ <oRef>ferxæcyd</oRef>, læppūjy cʼæxtæ æmæ tugærxæmttæj k˳y fedta wæd</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Мада вошла внутрь и хотела что-то сказать, но
|
|||
|
|
запнулась, когда увидела мальчика в синяках и окровавленного</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Mada went inside and wanted to say something,
|
|||
|
|
but stumbled when she saw the boy covered in bruises and blood-stained</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>1967 XII 36</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example xml:id="example_d5458e232" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
|||
|
|
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">rewi ǧæntæbæl ærbalqevinæ æznagi tuxgin, ʽma
|
|||
|
|
<oRef>ferxwæcidæ</oRef> mæ togi ʽrtæxæj</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">к ранам груди я прижал бы сильно врага, чтобы
|
|||
|
|
он поперхнулся каплями моей крови</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I would press the enemy hard to my chest wounds
|
|||
|
|
so that he chokes on drops of my blood</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">перевод <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Песни о соколе</q> М. Горького;</note><note xml:lang="en" type="comment">translation of <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Songs
|
|||
|
|
about the falcon</q> by M. Gorky;</note>
|
|||
|
|
<ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>1936 II 35</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
</exampleGrp>
|
|||
|
|
<etym xml:lang="ru">С закономерной метатезой <c>xr</c> → <c>rx</c> восходит к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5458e435" xml:id="mentioned_d5458e278" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">xrač-</w></mentioned> ← <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5458e439" xml:id="mentioned_d5458e282" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">xrak-</w></mentioned> и примыкает к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5458e448" xml:id="mentioned_d5458e286" xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>chrakati</w>, <w>chračǫ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5458e455" xml:id="mentioned_d5458e294" xml:lang="orv"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>хракати</w>, <w>храчу</w>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Срезневский"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>III 1395</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5458e470" xml:id="mentioned_d5458e309" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>хракать</w>, <w>харкать</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5458e477" xml:id="mentioned_d5458e316" xml:lang="ru-x-dial"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>харчатъ</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>хрипеть</q></gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Даль"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>IV 543</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Звукоподражательной
|
|||
|
|
природы. Созвучные слова в других языках предполагают, по-видимому, не общий источник или
|
|||
|
|
заимствование, а <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">элементарное</q> родство: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5458e500" xml:id="mentioned_d5458e335" xml:lang="lv"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>kràkt</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>храпеть</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>хрипеть</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5458e511" xml:id="mentioned_d5458e346" xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>krañkti</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>храпеть</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>фыркать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5458e522" xml:id="mentioned_d5458e358" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>kharj-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>скрипеть</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5458e530" xml:id="mentioned_d5458e366" xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>xrkʼal</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>храпеть</q></gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="bibl">(cp.: <bibl><author>Merlingen</author>, <title>Die Sprache</title>
|
|||
|
|
<date>1958</date>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>IV 6651</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>; далее <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5458e550" xml:id="mentioned_d5458e386" xml:lang="hu"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>krákog</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>откашливаться</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>отхаркиваться</q></gloss></mentioned>,
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5458e562" xml:id="mentioned_d5458e397" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>крякать</w>, <w>крякнуть</w>, <w>кракать</w>
|
|||
|
|
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">и т. п. (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Vasmer._REW"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>I 654</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. — Дигорская форма
|
|||
|
|
<oRef>ærxwæcun</oRef> — результат контаминации с <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xæcyn">(<w>xæcyn</w> | ) <w>xwæcun</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>держать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>хватать</q></gloss></ref>.</etym>
|
|||
|
|
<etym xml:lang="en">With regular metathesis <c>xr</c> → <c>rx</c> traces back to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5458e278" xml:id="mentioned_d5458e435" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">xrač-</w></mentioned> ← <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5458e282" xml:id="mentioned_d5458e439" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">xrak-</w></mentioned> and <?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220406T113014+0300" comment="?"?>adjoins<?oxy_comment_end ?>
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5458e286" xml:id="mentioned_d5458e448" xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>chrakati</w>, <w>chračǫ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5458e294" xml:id="mentioned_d5458e455" xml:lang="orv"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>xrakati</w>, <w>xraču</w>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Срезневский"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>III 1395</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5458e309" xml:id="mentioned_d5458e470" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>xrakatʼ</w>, <w>xarkatʼ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5458e316" xml:id="mentioned_d5458e477" xml:lang="ru-x-dial"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>xarčatʼ</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>wheeze</q></gloss><note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Даль"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>IV 543</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. It has onomatopoeic
|
|||
|
|
nature.
|
|||
|
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220406T113125+0300" comment="?"?>Similarly
|
|||
|
|
sounding<?oxy_comment_end ?> words in other languages do not seem to imply a common source
|
|||
|
|
or borrowing, but an <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">elementary</q> relationship:
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5458e335" xml:id="mentioned_d5458e500" xml:lang="lv"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>kràkt</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>snore</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>wheeze</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5458e346" xml:id="mentioned_d5458e511" xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>krañkti</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>snore</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>snort</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5458e358" xml:id="mentioned_d5458e522" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>kharj-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>creak</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5458e366" xml:id="mentioned_d5458e530" xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>xrkʼal</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>snore</q></gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="bibl">(cf.: <bibl><author>Merlingen</author>, <title>Die Sprache</title>
|
|||
|
|
<date>1958</date>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>IV 6651</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>; see also <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5458e386" xml:id="mentioned_d5458e550" xml:lang="hu"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>krákog</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>clear one’s throat</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>expectorate</q></gloss></mentioned>,
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5458e397" xml:id="mentioned_d5458e562" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>krjakatʼ</w>, <w>krjaknutʼ</w>, <w>krakatʼ</w>
|
|||
|
|
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">etc. (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Vasmer._REW"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>I 654</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. — The Digor form
|
|||
|
|
<oRef>ærxwæcun</oRef> is the result of contamination with <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xæcyn">(<w>xæcyn</w> | ) <w>xwæcun</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>hold</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>grasp</q></gloss></ref>.</etym>
|
|||
|
|
</entry>
|
|||
|
|
</body>
|
|||
|
|
</text>
|
|||
|
|
</TEI>
|