137 lines
13 KiB
XML
137 lines
13 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Madizæn</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_Madizæn" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
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<form xml:id="form_d2241e66" type="lemma"><orth>Madizæn</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2241e69"><def xml:lang="ru"><quote><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">название площадки и
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святилища в ауле Дагом по Алагирскому ущелью; на этой площадке заседало вече. Все
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дела, касавшиеся как внешней, так и внутренней политики, решались здесь коллективно
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судьями <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d2241e74" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><phr><ref type="xr" target="#entry_tærxon">tærxony</ref>
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_læg">læg</ref></phr>
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<gloss><q>человек совета</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>муж
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совета</q></gloss></mentioned>. К этим <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d2241e88" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><phr><ref type="xr" target="#entry_tærxon">tærxony</ref>
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_læg">lægtæ</ref></phr></mentioned> обращались за
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решением вопросов из всех ущелий Осетии и даже из Балкарии. При таких случаях судьям
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делались подарки. Заседали они в <oRef/> по целым неделям и дольше. Это вече
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просуществовало до водворения русского правительства на Кавказе</q>
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<bibl>(<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Сл."/>
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<biblScope>II 784</biblScope>)</bibl></quote></def><def xml:lang="en"><quote><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">name of an area and sanctuary in the village Dagom in
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the Alagir gorge; a council used to have meetings on these grounds. All internal and
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external political affairs were decided here by judges called <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d2241e109" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><phr><ref type="xr" target="#entry_tærxon">tærxony</ref>
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_læg">læg</ref></phr>
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<gloss><q>man of the council</q></gloss></mentioned>. These <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d2241e120" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><phr><ref type="xr" target="#entry_tærxon">tærxony</ref>
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_læg">lægtæ</ref></phr></mentioned> were consulted
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to decide various questions from all Ossetian gorges and even from Balkaria. On such
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occasions, judges were given presents. They convened in <oRef/> from whole weeks and
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more. This council existed up until the establishment of Russian rule in the
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Caucasus</q>
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<bibl>(<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Сл."/>
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<biblScope>II 784</biblScope>)</bibl></quote></def></sense>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d2241e138">
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<example xml:id="example_d2241e140">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Kadǵyn ʒwar wyd Wællaǵiry
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<oRef>Madizæn</oRef>. Ūj wyd nyxas, tærxondon. Tærxony lægtæ īw ærbadtysty
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<oRef>Madizæny</oRef>; æxsæny q˳yddægtæ segas dær ūm lyg kodtoj.
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<oRef>Madizæny</oRef> īw cy q˳yddag alyg kodtoj, ūmæn ænæ ‘xxæst gængæ næ
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wyd</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">большим почетом пользовалось святилище <oRef/>
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в Алагирском ущелье. Это было собрание, суд. Судьи рассаживались в <oRef/>; все
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общественные дела решались там. Решение, принятое в <oRef/>, нельзя было не
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выполнить</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">very respected was the sanctuary <oRef/> in the
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Alagir gorge. This was an assembly, a court. The judges sat down in the <oRef/>; all
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public affairs were decided there. A decision enacted by the <oRef/> could not be
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disobeyed</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><biblScope xml:lang="ru">из этнографических
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материалов Е. Бараковой</biblScope><biblScope xml:lang="en">from ethnographic
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materials of E. Barakova</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">. Площадка <oRef/> отмечена вертикально стоящим камнем,
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что характерно для мест поклонения женским божествам; ср. <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d2241e187" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><phr><ref type="xr" target="#entry_Majræm">Majræni</ref>
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_dur">dor</ref></phr>
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<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">камень Мариам</q></gloss></mentioned> в
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нескольких местах в Осетии<note xml:lang="ru" type="footnote"><bibl><title type="j">Изв.
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Сев.-Осет. научно-исслед. инст.</title>
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<biblScope>1962 XXIII 105</biblScope></bibl>.</note></note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">. The <oRef/> grounds were marked by a vertical standing
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stone, which is typical for places of worship of female deities; cf. <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d2241e211" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><phr><ref type="xr" target="#entry_Majræm">Majræni</ref>
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_dur">dor</ref></phr>
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<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">the stone of Mary</q></gloss></mentioned> in
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several locations in Ossetia<note type="footnote"><bibl><title type="j">Izv. Sev.-Oset.
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naučno-issled. inst.</title> [Transactions of the North Ossetian Research Institute]
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<biblScope>1962 XXIII 105</biblScope></bibl>.</note></note>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Сложение <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mad"/> + <w>izæn</w>, где каждая
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часть значит <gloss><q>мать</q></gloss>; ср. для первой части <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mad"/>, для второй — <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d2241e243"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2241e335" xml:id="mentioned_d2241e244" xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
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<w>iʒä</w>, <w>ižä</w>
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<gloss><q>мать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2241e345" xml:id="mentioned_d2241e254" xml:lang="trk"><w>iǯän</w>
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<gloss><q>матушка</q></gloss></mentioned>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Радлов"/>
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<biblScope>I 1520</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Как можно думать по
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дошедшим скудным сведениям, под именем <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Матери</q>
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чтилась богиня правопорядка и правосудия, нечто типологически близкое к греческой Фемиде:
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<mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d2241e272"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2241e367" xml:id="mentioned_d2241e273" xml:lang="grc"><w>Θέμις</w>
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<gloss><q>богиня правосудия</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2241e373" xml:id="mentioned_d2241e279" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">Artī-</w></mentioned> (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2241e379" xml:id="mentioned_d2241e285" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>Ašī-</w></mentioned>) <gloss><q>богиня-распределительница
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благ</q></gloss></mentioned>. Корни этого культа ведут к матриархату. — Скрещенный
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осетинско-тюркский характер имени <oRef/> не является чем-то исключительным; ср. в этом
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отношении <ref type="xr" target="#entry_aldymbyd"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tīn"><w>tinkærc</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ʒæbæx"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kenkeǧazæ"/> и др. В данном случае осетино-тюркское скрещение оправдано в
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особенности тем, что святилище было местом сборища не только осетин, но и
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тюрков-балкарцев. — <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2241e335" xml:id="mentioned_d2241e305" xml:lang="trk"><lang>Тюрк.</lang>
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<w>ižä</w>
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<gloss><q>мать</q></gloss></mentioned> распознается еще в ос. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_dyǵyzæ"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">dyǵyzæ</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">digiza</w>
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<gloss><q>кормилица</q></gloss></ref>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">A compound <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mad"/> + <w>izæn</w>, where
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both components mean <gloss><q>mother</q></gloss>; cf. for the former part <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mad"/>, for the latter, <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d2241e334"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2241e244" xml:id="mentioned_d2241e335" xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
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<w>iʒä</w>, <w>ižä</w>
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<gloss><q>mother</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2241e254" xml:id="mentioned_d2241e345" xml:lang="trk"><w>iǯän</w>
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<gloss><q><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20220602T042623+0300" comment="?? матушка"?>dear
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mother<?oxy_comment_end ?></q></gloss></mentioned>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Радлов"/>
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<biblScope>I 1520</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. From the meagre data that
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have been preserved, under the name <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Mother</q> was
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worshipped a deity of lawful order and justice, something typologically close to the Greek
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Themis: <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d2241e366"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2241e273" xml:id="mentioned_d2241e367" xml:lang="grc"><w>Θέμις</w>
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<gloss><q>goddess of justice</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2241e279" xml:id="mentioned_d2241e373" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">Artī-</w></mentioned> (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2241e285" xml:id="mentioned_d2241e379" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>Ašī-</w></mentioned>) <gloss><q>goddess distributing boons</q></gloss></mentioned>.
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The origins of this cult go back to matriarchical times. — The hybrid Ossetic-Turkic form
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of the name <oRef/> is not something exceptional; cf. in this respect <ref type="xr" target="#entry_aldymbyd"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tīn"><w>tinkærc</w></ref>,
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_ʒæbæx"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kenkeǧazæ"/> etc.
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In this case the Ossetic-Turkkic mixture is particularly justified since the sanctuary was
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a meeting place not only for the Ossetians, but also for the Balkars, who are a Turkic
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people. — <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2241e244" xml:id="mentioned_d2241e399" xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
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<w>ižä</w>
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<gloss><q>mother</q></gloss></mentioned> is also recognizeable in Ossetic <ref type="xr" target="#entry_dyǵyzæ"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">dyǵyzæ</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">digiza</w>
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<gloss><q>wet nurse</q></gloss></ref>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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