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abaev-xml/entries/abaev_acc.xml

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2025-03-21 13:42:40 +03:00
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">acc</hi></title>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
<tagsDecl>
<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
</tagsDecl>
</encodingDesc>
</teiHeader>
<text>
<body>
<entry xml:id="entry_acc" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="questions">
<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20231218T174707+0300" comment="checked"?>
<form xml:id="form_d3892e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>acc</orth></form><?oxy_comment_end ?>
<form xml:id="form_d3892e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>accæ</orth></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d3892e72">
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>дикая утка</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>wild duck</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d3892e82">
<abv:example xml:id="example_d3892e84" xml:lang="os-x-south">
<quote>ūs fūrdmæ bašydi æmæ aččaw dony fæk˳yssi</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>женщина подошла к морю и подобно дикой утке нырнула в воду</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>the woman came to the sea and dived into the water like a wild
duck</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
<biblScope>I 9</biblScope></bibl>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id="example_d3892e103" xml:lang="os-x-south">
<quote>Barsæǵy šalx fætarsti, jæxī ačč festyn kodta æmæ fætæxy</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>колесо Барсага испугалось, обратилось в дикую утку и улетело</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>the wheel of Barsæg got scared, turned into a wild duck and flew
away</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
<biblScope>I 84</biblScope></bibl>
</abv:example>
<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20231218T162119+0300" comment="возможно надо сделать здесь re"?>
<abv:example xml:id="example_d3892e122" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg><lang/></usg>
<quote>accæ-ʒawæn</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>охота за дикими утками</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>a hunt for wild ducks</q>
</abv:tr>
</abv:example><?oxy_comment_end ?>
<abv:example xml:id="example_d3892e140" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg><lang/></usg>
<quote>accitæ maruj</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>убивает диких уток</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>he kills wild ducks</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl><biblScope xml:lang="ru">со слов Г. Малиева</biblScope><biblScope xml:lang="en">G. Maliev p.c.</biblScope></bibl>
</abv:example>
</abv:exampleGrp>
<etym xml:lang="ru">Это довольно редкое в употреблении слово (ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_babyz"><w>babyz</w>
<gloss><q>утка</q></gloss></ref>, <mentioned xml:lang="os-x-iron"><phr>qæddag babyz</phr>
<gloss><q>дикая утка</q></gloss></mentioned>) представляет безупречный
эквивалент <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3892e312" xml:id="mentioned_d3892e169" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
<w type="rec">āti-</w></mentioned>, ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3892e317" xml:id="mentioned_d3892e174" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
<w>ōti-</w>
<gloss><q>ein Wasservogel</q></gloss></mentioned>. Предполагая, что
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3892e325" xml:id="mentioned_d3892e182" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
<w>ōti-</w></mentioned> восходит к <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">anti-</w></mentioned>, связывают его с европейскими названиями утки:
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3892e330" xml:id="mentioned_d3892e187" xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
<w>ǫty</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3892e336" xml:id="mentioned_d3892e193" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
<w>утя</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3892e341" xml:id="mentioned_d3892e198" xml:lang="ru"><w>утка</w></mentioned>,
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3892e344" xml:id="mentioned_d3892e201" xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
<w>ántis</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3892e349" xml:id="mentioned_d3892e206" xml:lang="de"><lang/>
<w>Ente</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3892e354" xml:id="mentioned_d3892e211" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
<w>anas</w></mentioned>. На иранской почве <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3892e359" xml:id="mentioned_d3892e216" xml:lang="ira"><w>āti-</w></mentioned> распознается еще в <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3892e365" xml:id="mentioned_d3892e222" xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
<w>āce</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3892e370" xml:id="mentioned_d3892e227" xml:lang="kho"><w>āci</w>
<gloss><q>waterbird</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3892e376" xml:id="mentioned_d3892e233" xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
<w>yōč</w>
<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">(из <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">āti-či</w></mentioned>)</note>
<gloss><q>утка</q></gloss></mentioned> и, может быть, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3892e386" xml:id="mentioned_d3892e243" xml:lang="ydg"><lang/>
<w>yeško</w>
<gloss><q>утка</q></gloss></mentioned>. Тот факт, что ос. <oRef>асc</oRef>
сохранилось как название только дикой утки, в то время как для домашней имеем
усвоенное <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3892e394" xml:id="mentioned_d3892e251" xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
<w>babyz</w></mentioned> (см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_babyz"/>),
указывает, что домашней птицей утка (как и гусь, см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qaz"/>) стала у осетин относительно недавно (см. <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Schrader"/>
<biblScope xml:lang="ru">I 246 сл.</biblScope></bibl>). — Двойное <c>сс</c>
в <oRef>асc</oRef> может быть результатом общей тенденции осетинского языка к
удвоению конечных согласных или отражать древнюю форму <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">ātika</w></mentioned>, как <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wærcc"><w>wærcc</w>
<gloss><q>перепелка</q></gloss></ref> из <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>vartikā</w></mentioned> (ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3892e411" xml:id="mentioned_d3892e268" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
<w>ут-ка</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3892e416" xml:id="mentioned_d3892e273" xml:lang="bg"><lang/>
<w>ути-ца</w></mentioned>); что касается перехода <c>t</c> в <c>c</c>
(<c>ʒ</c>) перед <c>i</c>, то он закономерен: ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æcc-"><w>æccæj</w></ref> и др. — Ос. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3892e424" xml:id="mentioned_d3892e281" xml:lang="os"><w>dony arc</w>
<gloss><q>кулик</q></gloss></mentioned> есть результат
народноэтимологического осмысления забытого <hi rendition="#rend_italic">асc</hi>; правильная форма — <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3892e432" xml:id="mentioned_d3892e289" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
<w>dony acc</w>
<gloss><q>водяной <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">acc</hi></q></gloss></mentioned>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>50</biblScope></bibl>. —
<bibl><author>Bailey</author><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOAS"/><biblScope>XIII 932</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
<etym xml:lang="en">This rather rarely used word (cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_babyz"><w>babyz</w>
<gloss><q>duck</q></gloss></ref>, <mentioned xml:lang="os-x-iron"><phr>qæddag babyz</phr>
<gloss><q>wild duck</q></gloss></mentioned>) represents a perfect
counterpart to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3892e169" xml:id="mentioned_d3892e312" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
<w type="rec">āti-</w></mentioned>, cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3892e174" xml:id="mentioned_d3892e317" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
<w>ōti-</w>
<gloss><q>ein WasservogeI</q></gloss></mentioned>. On the assumption that
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3892e182" xml:id="mentioned_d3892e325" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
<w>ōti-</w></mentioned> goes back to <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">anti-</w></mentioned>, it is connected with the European words for
<gloss><q>duck</q></gloss>: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3892e187" xml:id="mentioned_d3892e330" xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
<w>ǫty</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3892e193" xml:id="mentioned_d3892e336" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
<w>utja</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3892e198" xml:id="mentioned_d3892e341" xml:lang="ru"><w>utka</w></mentioned>,
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3892e201" xml:id="mentioned_d3892e344" xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
<w>ántis</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3892e206" xml:id="mentioned_d3892e349" xml:lang="de"><lang/>
<w>Ente</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3892e211" xml:id="mentioned_d3892e354" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
<w>anas</w></mentioned>. In Iranian, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3892e216" xml:id="mentioned_d3892e359" xml:lang="ira"><w>āti-</w></mentioned> is found in <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3892e222" xml:id="mentioned_d3892e365" xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
<w>āce</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3892e227" xml:id="mentioned_d3892e370" xml:lang="kho"><w>āci</w>
<gloss><q>waterbird</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3892e233" xml:id="mentioned_d3892e376" xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
<w>yōč</w>
<note type="comment" xml:lang="en">(from <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">āti-či</w></mentioned>)</note>
<gloss><q>duck</q></gloss></mentioned> and possibly in <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3892e243" xml:id="mentioned_d3892e386" xml:lang="ydg"><lang/>
<w>yeško</w>
<gloss><q>duck</q></gloss></mentioned>. The fact that Ossetic
<oRef>асc</oRef> has been retained only as the name for a wild duck, while
for domestic ducks there is another word adopted from <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3892e251" xml:id="mentioned_d3892e394" xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
<w>babyz</w></mentioned> (see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_babyz"/>), shows
that the duck (as well as the goose, see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qaz"/>)
became a domestic bird relatively recently (see <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Schrader"/><biblScope xml:lang="en">I 246
ff.</biblScope></bibl>). — The double <c>сс</c> in <oRef>асc</oRef> may be
the result of the general tendency for geminate final consonants in Ossetic, or
it may reflect an ancient form <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">ātika</w></mentioned>, like <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wærcc"><w>wærcc</w>
<gloss><q>quail</q></gloss></ref> is from <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>vartikā</w></mentioned> (cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3892e268" xml:id="mentioned_d3892e411" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
<w>ut-ka</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3892e273" xml:id="mentioned_d3892e416" xml:lang="bg"><lang/>
<w>uti-ca</w></mentioned>); as for the transition from <c>t</c> to <c>c</c>
(<c>ʒ</c>) before <c>i</c>, it is regular, cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æcc-"><w>æccæj</w></ref> etc. — Ossetic <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3892e281" xml:id="mentioned_d3892e424" xml:lang="os"><w>dony arc</w>
<gloss><q>sandpiper</q></gloss></mentioned> is the result of folk
etymological reinterpretation of the forgotten <oRef>асc</oRef>; the correct
form is <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3892e289" xml:id="mentioned_d3892e432" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
<w>dony acc</w>
<gloss><q>water <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">acc</hi></q></gloss></mentioned>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
<biblScope>50</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Bailey</author>
<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOAS"/>
<biblScope>XIII 932</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
</entry>
</body>
</text>
</TEI>
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