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abaev-xml/entries/abaev_arkʼaw.xml

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2025-03-21 13:42:40 +03:00
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">arkʼaw</hi></title>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
<tagsDecl>
<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
</tagsDecl>
</encodingDesc>
</teiHeader>
<text>
<body>
<entry xml:id="entry_arkʼaw" xml:lang="os-x-iron" abv:completeness="complete">
<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240103T230349+0300" comment="checked"?>
<form xml:id="form_d2901e66" type="lemma"><orth>arkʼaw</orth></form><?oxy_comment_end ?>
<usg><lang/></usg>
<sense xml:id="sense_d2901e72">
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>клещи</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>pincers</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
<note type="comment">; <ref type="xr" target="#entry_arǧævnæ" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
<w>arǧævnæ</w></ref></note>
<etym xml:lang="ru">Происхождение не ясно. Может быть, из <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">a-krau</w></mentioned>, где <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>krau</w></mentioned> — к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2901e136" xml:id="mentioned_d2901e84" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
<w>claudo</w>
<gloss><q>запирать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2901e144" xml:id="mentioned_d2901e92" xml:lang="la"><w>clavis</w>
<gloss><q>ключ</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2901e150" xml:id="mentioned_d2901e98" xml:lang="la"><w>clavus</w>
<gloss><q>гвоздь</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2901e156" xml:id="mentioned_d2901e104" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
<w>клюка</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2901e161" xml:id="mentioned_d2901e109" xml:lang="ru"><w>ключ</w></mentioned> и пр.
(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Walde"/>
<biblScope xml:lang="ru">изд. 3-е, стр. 229 сл.</biblScope></bibl>). C
другой стороны, конечное <mentioned xml:lang="os"><m>-aw</m></mentioned> может
быть суффиксом, и тогда приходим к корню <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">ark</w></mentioned>, который распознается в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_arx"><w>arx</w>
<gloss><q>сук</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æǧnæg"><w>æǧnæg</w>
<gloss><q>застежка</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æxkænyn"><w>æxkænyn</w>
<gloss><q>запирать</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærxæg"><w>ærxæg</w>
<gloss><q>сустав</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æxtong"><w>æxtong</w>
<gloss><q>подпруга</q></gloss></ref> (см. эти слова). Появление
смычно-гортанного <c>kʼ</c> вместо <c>x</c> может быть результатом представления
о физическом усилии, сопутствующем понятию <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">клещи</q></gloss> (см. по этому поводу
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
<biblScope>518–525</biblScope></bibl>).</etym>
<etym xml:lang="en">The etymology is not clear. Maybe derived from <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">a-krau</w></mentioned>, where <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>krau</w></mentioned> is related to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2901e84" xml:id="mentioned_d2901e136" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
<w>claudo</w>
<gloss><q>to lock</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2901e92" xml:id="mentioned_d2901e144" xml:lang="la"><w>clavis</w>
<gloss><q>key</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2901e98" xml:id="mentioned_d2901e150" xml:lang="la"><w>clavus</w>
<gloss><q>nail</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2901e104" xml:id="mentioned_d2901e156" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
<w>kljuka</w>
<gloss><q>walking stick</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2901e109" xml:id="mentioned_d2901e161" xml:lang="ru"><w>ključ</w>
<gloss><q>key</q></gloss></mentioned> etc. (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Walde"/>
<biblScope xml:lang="en">3rd ed., pp. 229ff.</biblScope></bibl>). On the
other hand, the final <mentioned xml:lang="os"><m>-aw</m></mentioned> may be a
suffix, so we come to the root <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">ark</w></mentioned>, identified in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_arx"><w>arx</w>
<gloss><q>knag</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æǧnæg"><w>æǧnæg</w>
<gloss><q>fastener</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æxkænyn"><w>æxkænyn</w>
<gloss><q>to lock</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærxæg"><w>ærxæg</w>
<gloss><q>joint</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æxtong"><w>æxtong</w>
<gloss><q>girth</q></gloss></ref> (see these words). The appearance of the
ejective <c>kʼ</c> instead of <c>x</c> may be the result of the idea of physical
effort accompanying the concept of <gloss><q>pincers</q></gloss> (on this see
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
<biblScope>518–525</biblScope></bibl>).</etym>
</entry>
</body>
</text>
</TEI>
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