160 lines
13 KiB
XML
160 lines
13 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">byjyn</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_byjyn" xml:lang="os">
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<form xml:id="form_d2015e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>byjyn</orth><form xml:id="form_d2015e68" type="variant">(<orth>bijyn</orth>)</form><form xml:id="form_d2015e72" type="participle"><orth>byd</orth></form></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d2015e75" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>bijun</orth><form xml:id="form_d2015e77" type="participle"><orth>bid</orth></form></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2015e80"><sense xml:id="sense_d2015e81"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>вить</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>whirl</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d2015e90"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>плести (например, косу)</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>braid</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d2015e99"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>скручивать</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>twist</q>
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</abv:tr></sense></sense>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d2015e109">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2015e111">
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<quote>ʒykkūtæ byjyn</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q rendition="rend_singlequotes">заплетать косы</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q rendition="rend_singlequotes">braid one's hair</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2015e128">
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<quote>byd byjyn</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q rendition="rend_singlequotes">плести тесьму</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q rendition="rend_singlequotes">make lace</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2015e145">
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<quote>kaw byjyn</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q rendition="rend_singlequotes">плести плетень</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q rendition="rend_singlequotes">wattle</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2015e162">
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<quote>rūvas bændæn byjyn bajdydta</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>лиса стала вить веревку</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>the fox began to <hi rendition="#rend_bold">make</hi> the rope</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОТ"/><biblScope>65</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2015e181">
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<quote>dywwæ styr kawy sbydtoj</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>сплели два больших плетня</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>two big wattles were wattled</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/><biblScope>20</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2015e201" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>bæxi dumæg ka bidta?</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>кто заплетал хвост лошади?</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>who braided the horse’s tail?</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/><biblScope>II
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155</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2015e223" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>oj færstæ æsqærcægæj bid iskind æj</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>его (дóма) стены сплетены из кольчуги</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>its (of the house) walls are <hi rendition="#rend_bold">made of</hi> chain mail</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/><biblScope>49</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Корень *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">vi</hi>-; общеиндоевропейское слово: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2015e337" xml:id="mentioned_d2015e248" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>ptw’y-</w><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Gershevitch"/><biblScope>570</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>,
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2015e348" xml:id="mentioned_d2015e259" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>vayati</w>
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<gloss><q>он плетет</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2015e356" xml:id="mentioned_d2015e267" xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
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<w n="0">вити</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2015e361" xml:id="mentioned_d2015e273" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>вить</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2015e366" xml:id="mentioned_d2015e278" xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
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<w>výti</w>
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<gloss><q>скручивать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2015e375" xml:id="mentioned_d2015e287" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
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<w>viēre</w>
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<gloss><q>плести</q></gloss></mentioned> и пр. Переход <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2015e383" xml:id="mentioned_d2015e295" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w>v</w></mentioned> → <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2015e388" xml:id="mentioned_d2015e300" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
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<w>b</w></mentioned> в начальном положении необычен (закономерно
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">v</hi>→<hi rendition="#rend_italic">w</hi>), но все же есть помимо <hi rendition="#rend_italic">byjyn</hi> еще несколько надежных случаев:
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_bar"/> (←<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2015e395" xml:id="mentioned_d2015e307" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w>vāra-</w></mentioned>) ‘воля’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bællyn"/> (←
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2015e403" xml:id="mentioned_d2015e315" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w>varya-</w></mentioned>) ‘хотеть’. — Прош, причастие <hi rendition="#rend_italic">byd</hi> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">bid</hi> (=
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2015e408" xml:id="mentioned_d2015e320" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>vīta</w></mentioned>) лексикализовалось в значении ‘тесьма’.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>II 85, III
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157</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/><biblScope>33</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">The root *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">vi</hi>-; a common Indo-European word: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2015e248" xml:id="mentioned_d2015e337" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>ptw’y-</w><note type="comment" xml:lang="en"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Gershevitch"/><biblScope>570</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>,
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2015e259" xml:id="mentioned_d2015e348" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>vayati</w>
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<gloss><q>he braids</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2015e267" xml:id="mentioned_d2015e356" xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
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<w>viti</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2015e273" xml:id="mentioned_d2015e361" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>vitʼ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2015e278" xml:id="mentioned_d2015e366" xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
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<w>výti</w>
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<gloss><q>twist</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2015e287" xml:id="mentioned_d2015e375" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
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<w>viēre</w>
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<gloss><q>braid</q></gloss></mentioned> etc. The transition of the
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2015e295" xml:id="mentioned_d2015e383" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w>v</w></mentioned> → <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2015e300" xml:id="mentioned_d2015e388" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
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<w>b</w></mentioned> is unusual in the initial position (the regular one is
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">v</hi>→<hi rendition="#rend_italic">w</hi>), but there are still few reliable cases apart from <hi rendition="#rend_italic">byjyn</hi>: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bar"/> (←<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2015e307" xml:id="mentioned_d2015e395" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w>vāra-</w></mentioned>) ‘will’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bællyn"/> (←
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2015e315" xml:id="mentioned_d2015e403" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w>varya-</w></mentioned>) ‘want’. — The past participle <hi rendition="#rend_italic">byd</hi> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">bid</hi>
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(= <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2015e320" xml:id="mentioned_d2015e408" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>vīta</w></mentioned>) is lexicalized in the meaning
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'darkness'.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>II 85, III 157</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/><biblScope>33</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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