238 lines
24 KiB
XML
238 lines
24 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fys</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_fys" xml:lang="os">
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<form xml:id="form_d3917e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>fys</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d3917e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>fus</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d3917e72"><sense xml:id="sense_d3917e73"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>овца</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>sheep</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d3917e82"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>баран</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>ram</q>
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</abv:tr></sense></sense>
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<re xml:id="re_d3917e92">
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<form xml:id="form_d3917e94" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>nælfys</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d3917e97" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>nælfus</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d3917e100"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>баран холощеный</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>wether</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru"> (ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fyr"/> |
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">fur</hi> ‘баран нехолощенный’)</note>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="en"> (compare with <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fyr"/> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fur</hi> ‘not castrated ram’)</note>
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</re>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d3917e121">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3917e123">
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<quote>ūdon argævstoj fys, skodtoj fīzonǵytæ</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>они зарезали овцу, сделали шашлык</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>they slaughtered a sheep, made a shish kebab</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/><biblScope>I 48</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3917e142">
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<quote>næ fydy qalon: … fys kæmæ ī — sædæ fysy, qūg kæmæ ī, — sædæ
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qūǵy</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>дань нашего отца: у кого есть овцы — сто овец, у кого есть коровы —
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сто коров</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>our father's tribute: a hundred sheep for ones who have sheep, a
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hundred cows for ones who have cows</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/><biblScope>I 70</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3917e161">
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<quote>būræ nælfys — dæ nyvondag</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>желтый баран (предназначен) тебе в жертву</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>yellow ram (intended) as a sacrifice for you</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><biblScope xml:lang="ru">из гимна богу Аларды</biblScope><biblScope xml:lang="en">from the hymn to the god Alardy</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3917e182" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>mænæn avd wæjugi mæ xorx fusi xorxaw ævgærdgæ ku kænʒænæncæ</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>мне семь великанов перережут горло, как барану</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>seven giants will slit my throat like a ram's</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/><biblScope>3%l12%l</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3917e204" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>æmbajladi es 600 fusi, kæcitæn ǧæwama wa 4 fusgæsi</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>в артели есть 600 овец, которым нужно 4 овечьих пастуха</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>there are 600 sheep in the artel who need 4 shepherds</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_SD"/><biblScope>267%l2%l</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Общеиндоевропейское слово. Восходит к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3917e483" xml:id="mentioned_d3917e230" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w>pasu-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3917e488" xml:id="mentioned_d3917e235" xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
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<w>*peḱu-</w></mentioned>. Вместо ожидаемого <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*fæs</hi> имеем <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fus</hi> →
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">fys</hi> под влиянием губного, как %r2%r<ref type="xr" target="#entry_fyr"/> из
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">paru-</hi>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_myd"/> из <hi rendition="#rend_italic">madu-</hi>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fyx"/> из <hi rendition="#rend_italic">paxva-</hi>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_dymyn"/>
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из <hi rendition="#rend_italic">dam-</hi>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cymyn"/> из <hi rendition="#rend_italic">cam-</hi> и др. Ср.
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3917e504" xml:id="mentioned_d3917e251" xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
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<w>pez, pes, paz, pas</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3917e509" xml:id="mentioned_d3917e256" xml:lang="hac"><lang/>
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<w>päsi, pas</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3917e514" xml:id="mentioned_d3917e261" xml:lang="zza"><lang/>
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<w>päs</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3917e519" xml:id="mentioned_d3917e266" xml:lang="tly"><lang/>
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<w>pas</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3917e525" xml:id="mentioned_d3917e272" xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
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<w>pas</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3917e530" xml:id="mentioned_d3917e277" xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
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<w>psə</w>
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<gloss><q>овца</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3917e538" xml:id="mentioned_d3917e285" xml:lang="ps"><w/>
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<gloss><q>мелкий скот</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3917e544" xml:id="mentioned_d3917e291" xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
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<w>pis, püs</w>
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<gloss><q>счетная и меновая единица, равная по стоимости барану средней
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величины</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Зарубин._Барт."/><biblScope>59</biblScope></bibl>),
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3917e556" xml:id="mentioned_d3917e303" xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
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<w>pus</w>
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<gloss><q>баран</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._IIFL"/><biblScope>II
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535</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3917e569" xml:id="mentioned_d3917e316" xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
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<w/>
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<gloss><q>средней величины баран или овца, счетная
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единица</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3917e577" xml:id="mentioned_d3917e324" xml:lang="srh"><lang/>
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<w>pes</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3917e582" xml:id="mentioned_d3917e329" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>pah</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3917e587" xml:id="mentioned_d3917e334" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>*pas-(ps-)</w></mentioned>,<note type="footnote" n="1"> PUT NOTE HERE </note>
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3917e596" xml:id="mentioned_d3917e343" xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
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<w>pasa-</w>
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<gloss><q>овца</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3917e604" xml:id="mentioned_d3917e351" xml:lang="kho"><w/>
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<gloss><q>мелкий скот</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3917e610" xml:id="mentioned_d3917e357" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>pasu-</w>
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<gloss><q>скот</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3917e618" xml:id="mentioned_d3917e365" xml:lang="ae"><w/>
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<gloss><q>мелкий скот</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3917e624" xml:id="mentioned_d3917e371" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>pasu-</w>
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<gloss><q>скот</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3917e632" xml:id="mentioned_d3917e379" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w/>
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<gloss><q>домашнее животное</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3917e639" xml:id="mentioned_d3917e386" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w/>
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<gloss><q>жертвенное животное</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3917e645" xml:id="mentioned_d3917e392" xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
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<w>pekus</w>
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<gloss><q>скот</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3917e653" xml:id="mentioned_d3917e400" xml:lang="got"><lang/>
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<w>faihu</w>
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<gloss><q>имущество</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3917e661" xml:id="mentioned_d3917e408" xml:lang="got"><w/>
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<gloss><q>деньги</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3917e667" xml:id="mentioned_d3917e414" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
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<w>pecus</w>
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<gloss><q>скот</q></gloss></mentioned>, откуда <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3917e675" xml:id="mentioned_d3917e422" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
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<w>pecūlium</w>
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<gloss><q>имущество</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3917e684" xml:id="mentioned_d3917e431" xml:lang="la"><w>pecūnia</w>
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<gloss><q>деньги</q></gloss></mentioned>. <hi rendition="#rend_bold">Скифское</hi> имя <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3917e690" xml:id="mentioned_d3917e437" xml:lang="xsc"><lang/>
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<w>Φοσακος</w></mentioned> может быть = <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fus</hi> + <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ak</hi> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>176</biblScope></bibl>).
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Наличный в этом слове корень <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*pas-</hi>, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*peḱ-</hi> идентичен, по-видимому, с
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">*pas-</hi>, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*peḱ-</hi> ‘шерсть’ (см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fæsm"/>
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‘шерсть’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fasyn"/> ‘чесать’); стало быть, овца
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получила название как „животное, дающее шерсть“. Основные скотоводческие термины
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относятся к древнейшему слою осетинского языка; ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wær"/> ‘ягненок’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sæǧ"/>
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‘коза’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qūg"/> ‘корова’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_stur"><w>stūr</w></ref> ‘крупный рогатый скот’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fæjjaw"/> ‘пастух’ и др. Ср. также <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fysym"/>.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>II 53, 81, III
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80</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/><biblScope>19</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/><biblScope>68</biblScope></bibl>. —
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>57,
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213</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">A common Indo-European word. It traces back to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3917e230" xml:id="mentioned_d3917e483" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w>pasu-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3917e235" xml:id="mentioned_d3917e488" xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
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<w>*peḱu-</w></mentioned>. Instead of expected <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*fæs</hi> there is <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fus</hi> →
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">fys</hi> under the influence of a labial consonant, as in %r2%r<ref type="xr" target="#entry_fyr"/> from <hi rendition="#rend_italic">paru-</hi>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_myd"/>
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from <hi rendition="#rend_italic">madu-</hi>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fyx"/> from <hi rendition="#rend_italic">paxva-</hi>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_dymyn"/> from <hi rendition="#rend_italic">dam-</hi>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cymyn"/> from <hi rendition="#rend_italic">cam-</hi> etc. Compare with <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3917e251" xml:id="mentioned_d3917e504" xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
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<w>pez, pes, paz, pas</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3917e256" xml:id="mentioned_d3917e509" xml:lang="hac"><lang/>
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<w>päsi, pas</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3917e261" xml:id="mentioned_d3917e514" xml:lang="zza"><lang/>
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<w>päs</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3917e266" xml:id="mentioned_d3917e519" xml:lang="tly"><lang/>
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<w>pas</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3917e272" xml:id="mentioned_d3917e525" xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
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<w>pas</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3917e277" xml:id="mentioned_d3917e530" xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
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<w>psə</w>
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<gloss><q>sheep</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3917e285" xml:id="mentioned_d3917e538" xml:lang="ps"><w/>
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<gloss><q>small cattle</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3917e291" xml:id="mentioned_d3917e544" xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
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<w>pis, püs</w>
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<gloss><q>counting and exchange unit, equal in value to an average
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ram</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Зарубин._Барт."/><biblScope>59</biblScope></bibl>),
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3917e303" xml:id="mentioned_d3917e556" xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
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<w>pus</w>
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<gloss><q>ram</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._IIFL"/><biblScope>II
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535</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3917e316" xml:id="mentioned_d3917e569" xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
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<w/>
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<gloss><q>medium-sized ram or sheep, a counting
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unit</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3917e324" xml:id="mentioned_d3917e577" xml:lang="srh"><lang/>
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<w>pes</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3917e329" xml:id="mentioned_d3917e582" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>pah</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3917e334" xml:id="mentioned_d3917e587" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>*pas-(ps-)</w></mentioned>,<note type="footnote" n="1"> PUT NOTE HERE </note>
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3917e343" xml:id="mentioned_d3917e596" xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
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<w>pasa-</w>
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<gloss><q>овца</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3917e351" xml:id="mentioned_d3917e604" xml:lang="kho"><w/>
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<gloss><q>small cattle</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3917e357" xml:id="mentioned_d3917e610" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>pasu-</w>
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<gloss><q>cattle</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3917e365" xml:id="mentioned_d3917e618" xml:lang="ae"><w/>
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<gloss><q>small cattle</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3917e371" xml:id="mentioned_d3917e624" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
|
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<w>pasu-</w>
|
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<gloss><q>cattle</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3917e379" xml:id="mentioned_d3917e632" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w/>
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<gloss><q>domestic animal</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3917e386" xml:id="mentioned_d3917e639" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w/>
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<gloss><q>sacrificial animal</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3917e392" xml:id="mentioned_d3917e645" xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
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<w>pekus</w>
|
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<gloss><q>cattle</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3917e400" xml:id="mentioned_d3917e653" xml:lang="got"><lang/>
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<w>faihu</w>
|
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<gloss><q>property</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3917e408" xml:id="mentioned_d3917e661" xml:lang="got"><w/>
|
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<gloss><q>деньги</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3917e414" xml:id="mentioned_d3917e667" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
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<w>pecus</w>
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<gloss><q>cattle</q></gloss></mentioned>, from which there are <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3917e422" xml:id="mentioned_d3917e675" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
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<w>pecūlium</w>
|
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<gloss><q>property</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3917e431" xml:id="mentioned_d3917e684" xml:lang="la"><w>pecūnia</w>
|
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<gloss><q>money</q></gloss></mentioned>. <hi rendition="#rend_bold">Scythian</hi> name <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3917e437" xml:id="mentioned_d3917e690" xml:lang="xsc"><lang/>
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<w>Φοσακος</w></mentioned> may be = <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fus</hi> + <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ak</hi> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>176</biblScope></bibl>). Present in this
|
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word stem <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*pas-</hi>, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*peḱ-</hi> is apparently identical to <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*pas-</hi>, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*peḱ-</hi>
|
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‘wool’ (see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fæsm"/> ‘wool’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fasyn"/> ‘comb’); hence, the sheep received the name as an
|
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‘animal that gives wool’. The main cattle-breeding terms refer to the most
|
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ancient layer of the Ossetic language; compare with <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wær"/> ‘lamb’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sæǧ"/> ‘goat’,
|
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_qūg"/> ‘cow’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_stur"><w>stūr</w></ref> ‘cattle’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fæjjaw"/>
|
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‘shepherd’ etc. Compare also with <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fysym"/>.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>II
|
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53, 81, III 80</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/><biblScope>19</biblScope></bibl>. —
|
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/><biblScope>68</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>57, 213</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<note type="footnote" xml:lang="ru" n="1"><hi rendition="#rend_bold">Согд.</hi> <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d3917e736" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>psw ’stʼwr</w>
|
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<gloss><q>мелкий (и) крупный скот</q></gloss></mentioned>’ (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_VJ"/><biblScope>87, 164,
|
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570</biblScope></bibl>) = ос. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fus (æma) stor</hi>.</note>
|
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<note type="footnote" xml:lang="en" n="1"><mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d3917e750" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
|
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<w>psw ’stʼwr</w>
|
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<gloss><q>small (and) large livestock</q></gloss></mentioned>’ (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_VJ"/><biblScope>87, 164,
|
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570</biblScope></bibl>) = Ossetic <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fus (æma) stor</hi>.</note>
|
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<note type="internal">не уверена в переводах всех этих скотов. cattle это только
|
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крупный рогатый скот? я так переводила и обычный… (во всех цитах) OB: вообще
|
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по-моему да, просто скот это livestock, а cattle = КРС :( при следующей вычитке
|
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буду править</note>
|
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</entry>
|
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</body>
|
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</text>
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</TEI>
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