188 lines
17 KiB
XML
188 lines
17 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">mæcyn</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_mæcyn" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="complete">
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<form xml:id="form_d1062e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>mæcyn</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d1062e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>mæcun</orth></form>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (ppf. не засвидетельствовано)</note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (ppf. not attested)</note>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d1062e78"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>валяться (в чем-либо жидком)</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20220617T125305+0300" comment="??"?>wallow<?oxy_comment_end ?>
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(in a liquid)</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d1062e93">
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<example xml:id="example_d1062e95">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">sæ tūǵy <oRef>fæmæcoj</oRef> dæ fydy
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marǵytæ!</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">пусть валяются в собственной крови убийцы
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твоего отца!</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">may the murderers of your father wallow in
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their own blood!</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Æfx._Xæs."/>
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<biblScope>223</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d1062e120">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">sæ tūǵy <oRef>fæmæcoj</oRef> de
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‘fxærǵytæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">пусть валяются в своей крови твои обидчики</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">may your offenders wallow in their own
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blood</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/>
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<biblScope>8</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d1062e145">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Qasbol… dælgommæ axawd, <oRef>mæcy</oRef> jæ
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tūǵy</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Касбол пал ничком, валяется в своей крови</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Qasbol fell down prone, he is wallowing in his
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blood</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Niger"/>
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<biblScope>180–181</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d1062e170" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">kæd kosæg aboni æ togæj <oRef>mæcʒæj</oRef>
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cæveddon doni…</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">если даже рабочий будет сегодня валяться в
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крови, как в воде…</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">even if today the worker will wallow in his
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blood as in water…</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Qazb."/>
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<biblScope>32</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<re xml:id="re_d1062e199">
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<form xml:id="form_d1062e201" type="lemma"><orth>læxamæca</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d1062e204"><sense xml:id="sense_d1062e205"><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">грязнуля</q>
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</tr><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dirty creature</q>
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</tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d1062e216"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>пачкун</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d1062e221"><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">буквально </note><note xml:lang="en" type="comment">lit. </note><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">кто валяется (<oRef>mæca</oRef>) в экскрементах
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(<ref type="xr" target="#entry_læx"/>)</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">someone who wallows (<oRef>mæca</oRef>) in
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excrement (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_læx"/>)</q>
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</abv:tr></sense></sense>
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</re>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d1062e248"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1062e454" xml:id="mentioned_d1062e249" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">maxš-</w></mentioned> или <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1062e460" xml:id="mentioned_d1062e255" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">mač</w></mentioned> (индоевропейская база <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1062e464" xml:id="mentioned_d1062e259" xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">mak-</w><note type="bibl">: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
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<biblScope>698</biblScope></bibl></note></mentioned>)
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<gloss><q>увлажнять</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>мочить</q></gloss></mentioned>
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(относительно иран. <c>xš</c> → ос. <c>c</c> см.: <bibl><author>Gershevitch</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOAS"/>
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<biblScope>1955 XVII 479 сл.</biblScope></bibl>). Ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1062e491" xml:id="mentioned_d1062e286" xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
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<w>močiti</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1062e497" xml:id="mentioned_d1062e292" xml:lang="cu"><w>mokrъ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1062e500" xml:id="mentioned_d1062e295" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>мочить</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1062e505" xml:id="mentioned_d1062e300" xml:lang="ru"><w>мокрый</w></mentioned>,
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1062e508" xml:id="mentioned_d1062e303" xml:lang="ru"><w>макать</w></mentioned>. Можно ли относить сюда
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<mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d1062e306"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1062e512" xml:id="mentioned_d1062e307" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>mazīdan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1062e517" xml:id="mentioned_d1062e312" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>mēčītan</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>сосать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1062e525" xml:id="mentioned_d1062e320" xml:lang="pal"><w>vi-mēč-</w>
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<gloss><q>смешиваться</q></gloss></mentioned>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_IF"/>
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<biblScope>21, стр. 86</biblScope></bibl>)</note>? — Ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mæxsyn"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">mæxsyn</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">imæxsun</w> (← <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1062e546" xml:id="mentioned_d1062e341" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">vi-maxš-</w></mentioned>)
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<gloss><q>брызнуть</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>хлынуть</q></gloss></ref>. Основу
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<w>mæc-</w> в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fælmæcyn"><w>fæl-mæcyn</w>
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<gloss><q>утомляться</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>мучиться</q></gloss></ref> следует
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рассматривать как омонимическую и возводить не к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1062e464" xml:id="mentioned_d1062e362" xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">mak-</w></mentioned>
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(<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20220617T124548+0300" comment="эксплицитное изменение мнения"?>вопреки
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИЭС_I"/>
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<biblScope>440</biblScope></bibl><?oxy_comment_end ?>), а к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1062e583" xml:id="mentioned_d1062e377" xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">mṇk-</w>, <w type="rec">menk-</w>
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<gloss><q>мять</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>толочь</q></gloss> и пр. <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
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<biblScope>730 сл.</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>; ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1062e606" xml:id="mentioned_d1062e400" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>mačatē</w>
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<gloss><q>толчет</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>дробит</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1062e617" xml:id="mentioned_d1062e411" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>maṅku-</w>
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<gloss><q>слабый</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1062e624" xml:id="mentioned_d1062e417" xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
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<w>mękъ-kъ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1062e629" xml:id="mentioned_d1062e423" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>мягкий</w></mentioned>; для семантики <q>мятый</q>, <q>раздавленный</q> →
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<q>мучиться</q> (ос. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fælmæcyn"/>) особенно важно
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относящееся сюда же <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1062e647" xml:id="mentioned_d1062e436" xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
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<w>mǫka</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1062e652" xml:id="mentioned_d1062e442" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>му́ка</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1062e661" xml:id="mentioned_d1062e447" xml:lang="ru"><w>му́читься</w></mentioned>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Goes back to <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d1062e453"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1062e249" xml:id="mentioned_d1062e454" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">maxš-</w></mentioned> or <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1062e255" xml:id="mentioned_d1062e460" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">mač</w></mentioned> (Indo-European stem <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1062e259" xml:id="mentioned_d1062e464" xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">mak-</w><note type="bibl">: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
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<biblScope>698</biblScope></bibl></note></mentioned>)
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<gloss><q>moisten</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>make wet</q></gloss></mentioned> (on Iranian
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<c>xš</c> → Ossetic <c>c</c> see: <bibl><author>Gershevitch</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOAS"/>
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<biblScope>1955 XVII 479ff.</biblScope></bibl>). Cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1062e286" xml:id="mentioned_d1062e491" xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
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<w>močiti</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1062e292" xml:id="mentioned_d1062e497" xml:lang="cu"><w>mokrъ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1062e295" xml:id="mentioned_d1062e500" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>močitʼ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1062e300" xml:id="mentioned_d1062e505" xml:lang="ru"><w>mokryj</w></mentioned>,
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1062e303" xml:id="mentioned_d1062e508" xml:lang="ru"><w>makatʼ</w></mentioned>. May this also be connected to
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<mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d1062e511"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1062e307" xml:id="mentioned_d1062e512" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>mazīdan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1062e312" xml:id="mentioned_d1062e517" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>mēčītan</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>suck</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1062e320" xml:id="mentioned_d1062e525" xml:lang="pal"><w>vi-mēč-</w>
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<gloss><q>mix (intr.)</q></gloss></mentioned>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_IF"/>
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<biblScope>21, p. 86</biblScope></bibl>)</note>? — Cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mæxsyn"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">mæxsyn</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">imæxsun</w> (← <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1062e341" xml:id="mentioned_d1062e546" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">vi-maxš-</w></mentioned>)
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<gloss><q>splash</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>gush out</q></gloss></ref>. The stem
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<w>mæc-</w> in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fælmæcyn"><w>fæl-mæcyn</w>
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<gloss><q>tire</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>suffer</q></gloss></ref> should be viewed as
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homonymous and derived not from <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1062e259" xml:id="mentioned_d1062e567" xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">mak-</w></mentioned> (<foreign>contra</foreign><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20220617T124548+0300" comment="эксплицитное изменение мнения"?>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИЭС_I"/>
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<biblScope>440</biblScope></bibl><?oxy_comment_end ?>), but from <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1062e377" xml:id="mentioned_d1062e583" xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">mṇk-</w>, <w type="rec">menk-</w>
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<gloss><q>press</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>pound</q></gloss> etc. <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
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<biblScope>730ff.</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>; cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1062e400" xml:id="mentioned_d1062e606" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>mačatē</w>
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<gloss><q>presses</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>breaks into pieces</q></gloss></mentioned>,
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1062e411" xml:id="mentioned_d1062e617" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>maṅku-</w>
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<gloss><q>weak</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d1062e623"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1062e417" xml:id="mentioned_d1062e624" xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
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<w>mękъ-kъ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1062e295" xml:id="mentioned_d1062e629" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>mjagkij</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>soft</q></gloss></mentioned>; for the semantic shift <q>soft</q>,
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<q>crushed</q> → <q>suffer</q> (Ossetic <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fælmæcyn"/>) it is
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important to note the cognate <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d1062e646"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1062e436" xml:id="mentioned_d1062e647" xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
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<w>mǫka</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1062e295" xml:id="mentioned_d1062e652" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>múka</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>suffering</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d1062e660"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1062e295" xml:id="mentioned_d1062e661" xml:lang="ru"><w>múčitʼsja</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>suffer</q></gloss></mentioned>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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