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abaev-xml/entries/abaev_nas.xml

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2025-03-21 13:42:40 +03:00
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">nas</hi></title>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
<tagsDecl>
<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
</tagsDecl>
</encodingDesc>
</teiHeader>
<text>
<body>
<entry xml:id="entry_nas" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
<form xml:id="form_d610e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>nas</orth></form>
<form xml:id="form_d610e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>nasæ</orth></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d610e72"><sense xml:id="sense_d610e73"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>тыква</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>pumpkin</q>
</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d610e82"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>Cucurbita реро</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>Cucurbita pepo</q>
</abv:tr></sense></sense>
<re xml:id="re_d610e92">
<form xml:id="form_d610e94" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>nasǵyn</orth></form>
<form xml:id="form_d610e97" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>nasgun</orth></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d610e100"><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">пирог с тыквой</q>
</tr><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">pumpkin pie</q>
</tr></sense>
</re>
<re xml:id="re_d610e113" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<form xml:id="form_d610e115" type="lemma"><usg><lang/></usg><orth>xwærgæ-nasæ</orth></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d610e120"><sense xml:id="sense_d610e121"><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">огурец</q>
</tr><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">cucumber</q>
</tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d610e132"><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">буквально </note><note xml:lang="en" type="comment">literally </note><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">съедобная тыква</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">edible pumpkin</q>
</abv:tr></sense></sense>
</re>
<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d610e150">
<example xml:id="example_d610e152">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ḱī zony īsḱī wydaid Beslænyqæwy æmæ fedtaid
fæzzygon cædtæ <oRef>nastæ</oRef></quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">может быть, кто-нибудь бывал в селении Беслан и
видел осенью спелые тыквы</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">maybe anyone has been to the town of Beslan and
seen ripe pumpkins in autumn</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Arsen"/>
<biblScope>38</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d610e176">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mænæn īs xorz cæxæradon;
<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20220714T175456+0300" comment="NB: вот как иуыл используется отдельно"?>īwyl<?oxy_comment_end ?>
xwyzdær myn ʒy zajy <oRef>nas</oRef></quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">у меня есть хороший огород; всего лучше у меня
там растет тыква</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I have a good vegetable garden; pumpkin grows
there better than everything else for me</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАА"/>
<biblScope>II 355</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d610e204">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Alixan ældary jæ bæxæj k˳y rappary, jæ saw
qamajæ jæ <oRef>nasy</oRef> kærstytæ k˳y skæny</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Алихан сбрасывает князя с коня, своим черным
кинжалом крошит его, как тыкву</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Alikhan throws the prince from the horse, chops
him to pieces with his black dagger like a pumpkin</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><biblScope xml:lang="ru">из песни <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes"><title>Caræty Alixany
zaræg</title></q></biblScope><biblScope xml:lang="en">from the song <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes"><title><foreign>Caræty Alixany
zaræg</foreign></title></q></biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d610e235" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Maqoj furt <oRef>næstæ</oRef> balxædta 5000
puti</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Макоев купил тыквы 5000 пудов</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the sun of Maqo bought 5000 poods [a weight
measure] of pumpkin</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_SD"/>
<biblScope>286<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">4</hi></biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d610e266" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">kolxozi fonsæn dædduncæ xwasæ, kʼumbul,
<oRef>nasæ</oRef>, cʼata</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">колхозному скоту дают сено, свеклу, тыкву,
отруби</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">to the kolkhoz livestock they give hay, beet,
pumpkin, bran</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_AK"/>
<biblScope>I 19</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
</exampleGrp>
<etym xml:lang="ru">Ср. <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d610e297"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d610e451" xml:id="mentioned_d610e298" xml:lang="kbd"><lang/>
<w>naśä</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d610e456" xml:id="mentioned_d610e303" xml:lang="uby"><lang/>
<w>nàšä</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d610e461" xml:id="mentioned_d610e308" xml:lang="ab"><lang/>
<w>anaša</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d610e466" xml:id="mentioned_d610e313" xml:lang="abq"><lang/>
<w>naša</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d610e471" xml:id="mentioned_d610e318" xml:lang="krc-x-balkar" extralang="krc-x-karachay"><lang/>
<w>naša</w>, <w>narša</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d610e478" xml:id="mentioned_d610e325" xml:lang="ce"><lang/>
<w>närs</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d610e484" xml:id="mentioned_d610e331" xml:lang="inh"><lang/>
<w>nars</w></mentioned>
<gloss><q>огурец</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d610e492" xml:id="mentioned_d610e339" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
<w>nesvi</w>
<gloss><q>дыня</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d610e500" xml:id="mentioned_d610e347" xml:lang="sva"><lang/>
<w>kʼvax-nesg</w>
<gloss><q>тыква</q></gloss></mentioned>. Колебание значений <q>тыква</q> — <q>огурец</q>
находит близкие аналогии на Кавказе: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d610e513" xml:id="mentioned_d610e360" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
<w>kʼitʼri</w>
<gloss><q>огурец</q></gloss></mentioned> в <lang>чанском</lang> означает <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d610e370" xml:lang="lzz"><gloss><q>вид тыквы</q></gloss><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Марр._Чан."/></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Дальнейшее не ясно. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d610e532" xml:id="mentioned_d610e379" xml:lang="fa"><lang>Перс.</lang>
<w>našwā</w>
<gloss><q>дикая слива</q></gloss></mentioned>,
<?oxy_comment_start author="Artyom" timestamp="20220807T213603+0300" comment="Не скажу, что Shaw совсем нельзя доверять, но все же в шугнанском абрикос будет noš. Так указывают Зарубин и Карамшоев, не называя иных вариантов. Собирая списки растений, naš я тоже не встречал. Считаю, здесь следует записать современный вариант."?><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d610e540" xml:id="mentioned_d610e387" xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
<w>naš</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d610e545" xml:id="mentioned_d610e392" xml:lang="srh"><lang/>
<w>noš</w>
<gloss><q>абрикос</q></gloss><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Shaw"/>
<biblScope>120</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Tomaschek"/>
<biblScope>59</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned> стоят слишком далеко по
значению. Однако подобные семантические смещения возможны; так, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d610e566" xml:id="mentioned_d610e413" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
<w>kʼitʼri</w>
<gloss><q>огурец</q></gloss></mentioned> следует связывать с <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d610e574" xml:id="mentioned_d610e421" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
<w>citrus</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d610e579" xml:id="mentioned_d610e426" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
<w>ϰέδρος</w></mentioned>. — Ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_nesi"><w>nesi</w>
<gloss><q>дыня</q></gloss></ref>. — Источником кавказских форм могло быть
(несохранившееся) <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d610e590" xml:id="mentioned_d610e437" xml:lang="xmf"><lang/>
<w>našvi</w></mentioned>, закономерно отвечающее <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d610e595" xml:id="mentioned_d610e442" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
<w>nesvi</w></mentioned>.</etym>
<etym xml:lang="en">Cf. <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d610e450"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d610e298" xml:id="mentioned_d610e451" xml:lang="kbd"><lang/>
<w>naśä</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d610e303" xml:id="mentioned_d610e456" xml:lang="uby"><lang/>
<w>nàšä</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d610e308" xml:id="mentioned_d610e461" xml:lang="ab"><lang/>
<w>anaša</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d610e313" xml:id="mentioned_d610e466" xml:lang="abq"><lang/>
<w>naša</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d610e318" xml:id="mentioned_d610e471" xml:lang="krc-x-balkar" extralang="krc-x-karachay"><lang/>
<w>naša</w>, <w>narša</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d610e325" xml:id="mentioned_d610e478" xml:lang="ce"><lang/>
<w>närs</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d610e331" xml:id="mentioned_d610e484" xml:lang="inh"><lang/>
<w>nars</w></mentioned>
<gloss><q>cucumber</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d610e339" xml:id="mentioned_d610e492" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
<w>nesvi</w>
<gloss><q>melon</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d610e347" xml:id="mentioned_d610e500" xml:lang="sva"><lang/>
<w>kʼvax-nesg</w>
<gloss><q>pumpkin</q></gloss></mentioned>. The semantic variation <q>pumpkin</q> —
<q>cucumber</q> has close analogies in the Caucasus: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d610e360" xml:id="mentioned_d610e513" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
<w>kʼitʼri</w>
<gloss><q>cucumber</q></gloss></mentioned> in <lang>Laz</lang> means <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d610e523" xml:lang="lzz"><gloss><q>a kind of pumpkin</q></gloss><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Марр._Чан."/></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Further is unclear. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d610e379" xml:id="mentioned_d610e532" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
<w>našwā</w>
<gloss><q>wild plum</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d610e387" xml:id="mentioned_d610e540" xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
<w>naš</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d610e392" xml:id="mentioned_d610e545" xml:lang="srh"><lang/>
<w>noš</w>
<gloss><q>apricot</q></gloss><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Shaw"/>
<biblScope>120</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Tomaschek"/>
<biblScope>59</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned> are too far in meaning. But
such semantics shifts are possible; thus, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d610e413" xml:id="mentioned_d610e566" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
<w>kʼitʼri</w>
<gloss><q>cucumber</q></gloss></mentioned> should be connected to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d610e421" xml:id="mentioned_d610e574" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
<w>citrus</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d610e426" xml:id="mentioned_d610e579" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
<w>ϰέδρος</w></mentioned>. — Cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_nesi"><w>nesi</w>
<gloss><q>melon</q></gloss></ref>. — Ths source of the Caucasian forms could be the
(nonextant) <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d610e437" xml:id="mentioned_d610e590" xml:lang="xmf"><lang/>
<w>našvi</w></mentioned>, regularly corresponding to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d610e442" xml:id="mentioned_d610e595" xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
<w>nesvi</w></mentioned>.</etym>
</entry>
</body>
</text>
</TEI>
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