116 lines
7.4 KiB
XML
116 lines
7.4 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">qazwat</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_qazwat" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
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<form xml:id="form_d5483e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>qazwat</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d5483e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>qazawat</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5483e72"><sense xml:id="sense_d5483e73"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>яростный бой</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>fierce battle</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d5483e82"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>натиск</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>onslaught</q>
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</abv:tr></sense></sense>
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<re xml:id="re_d5483e92">
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<form xml:id="form_d5483e94" type="lemma"><orth>qazwatæj cæwyn</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5483e97"><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">идти в яростный бой, пренебрегая жизнью</q>
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</tr><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">go into a fierce battle, neglecting life</q>
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</tr></sense>
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</re>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d5483e110">
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<example xml:id="example_d5483e112">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Tuǧan gænaxy dwar fegom kodta, jæ raxīz kʼūxy
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kard ælvæstæj, jæ galīw kʼūxy topp ærǧævdæj qazwat racyd</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Туган открыл ворота крепости, с обнаженной
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шашкой в правой руке, (имея) ружье с взведенным курком в левой руке, он пошел на
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смертный бой</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Tugan opened the gates of the fortress, with a
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naked saber in his right hand, (having) a gun with a cocked trigger in his left
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hand, he went into mortal combat</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>101</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d5483e135" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ka si skodta qazawati imisunmæ
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cirtʒævæn?</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">кто из них в бою воздвиг себе достойный
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памятник?</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">which of them erected a worthy monument to
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himself in battle?</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Æduli"/>
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<biblScope>73</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d5483e161" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">kæd razæj cæf wa, wæd qazawati mard
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fæcæj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">если он ранен спереди, то (это значит, что) он
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погиб в геройском бою"</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">if he is wounded from the front, then (it means
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that) he died in a heroic battle</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
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<biblScope>II 18</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Из <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5483e219" xml:id="mentioned_d5483e191" xml:lang="ar"><lang/>
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<w>ǧazwa</w>, мн. ч. <w>ǧazawāt</w>
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<gloss><q>поход на неверных</q>, <q>газават</q></gloss></mentioned>. В осетинский вошло,
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вероятно, не непосредственно из арабского, а от соседей мусульман; ср., например,
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5483e231" xml:id="mentioned_d5483e203" xml:lang="av"><lang/>
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<w>ǧazavat</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5483e236" xml:id="mentioned_d5483e208" xml:lang="kbd"><lang/>
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<w>qazäwat</w>
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<gloss><q>война против неверных</q></gloss></mentioned>. Смещение значения объясняется
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тем, что религиозный смысл не имел почвы у осетин-христиан.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">From <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5483e191" xml:id="mentioned_d5483e219" xml:lang="ar"><lang/>
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<w>ǧazwa</w>, plural form <w>ǧazawāt</w>
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<gloss><q>a campaign against the infidels</q>, <q>jihad</q></gloss></mentioned>. It
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probably entered Ossetic not directly from Arabic, but from Muslim neighbors; cf., for
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example, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5483e203" xml:id="mentioned_d5483e231" xml:lang="av"><lang/>
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<w>ǧazavat</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5483e208" xml:id="mentioned_d5483e236" xml:lang="kbd"><lang/>
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<w>qazäwat</w>
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<gloss><q>the war against the infidels</q></gloss></mentioned>. The shift in meaning is
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explained by the fact that the religious meaning had no basis among Ossetic
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Christians.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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