221 lines
16 KiB
XML
221 lines
16 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ravg</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml">
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<p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p>
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</publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_ravg" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
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<form xml:id="form_d3249e68" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>ravg</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d3249e71" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>ravgæ</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d3249e74"><sense xml:id="sense_d3249e75"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>удобный случай</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>convenient occasion</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d3249e84"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>возможность</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>opportunity</q>
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</abv:tr></sense></sense>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; в иронском редко; по значению близко <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fadat"><w>fadat</w>
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<gloss><q>возможность</q></gloss></ref></note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; rarely used in Iron; the word <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fadat"><w>fadat</w>
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<gloss><q>opportunity</q></gloss></ref> has similar meaning</note>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d3249e112">
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<example xml:id="example_d3249e114">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æmæ wædæj fæstæmæ ag˳yrdta <oRef>ravg</oRef>,
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cæmæj jæ awæj kæna</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">и с того времени он искал удобного случая,
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чтобы предать его</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">and from that time he sought opportunity to
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betray him</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Матфей"/>
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<biblScope><hi rendition="#rend_italic">26</hi> 16</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d3249e142">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ænæ <oRef>ravgæj</oRef> bæx dær næ
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wajy</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">и конь не скачет, если у него нет
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возможности</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">even the horse does not gallop if he has no
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opportunity</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">proverb</bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d3249e165" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">xattæj-xatt otæ dær ærcawuj, æma læg æxecæn
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ninnisan kænuj ew nad, cardi <oRef>ravgitæ</oRef> ba ʽj isarazuncæ īnnæ nadbæl</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">бывает и так, что человек намечает себе один
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путь, но обстоятельства жизни направляют его по другому пути</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">it also happens that a person outlines one path
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for himself, but the circumstances of life direct him along a different path</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
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<biblScope>1949 II 31</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d3249e193" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Tasoltantæ ærtæ ʽnsuværemæj sæ qæræjmægtæ
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rajstoncæ æma Xæmicaj furti marunmæ agorun rajdædtoncæ, fal ibæl <oRef>ravgi</oRef>
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xwæst ne ʽnǧiztæncæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Тасолтановы три брата взяли свои ружья и стали
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искать (случая) убить Хамицаева сына, но им не удавалось поймать его в удобный
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момент</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the three Tasoltantæ brothers took their guns
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and began to look for an opportunity to kill
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20220722T224924+0300" comment="? морфологически так"?>Khæmitsa’s<?oxy_comment_end ?>
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son, but they could not catch him at a convenient moment</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАС"/>
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<biblScope>I 596</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d3249e225" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Boriatæ… ibæl ramarūni fændæ iskodtoncæ, fal
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æj <oRef>ravgi</oRef> næ irdtoncæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Бориаевы задумали убить его, но не находили его
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при удобном случае</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the Boriaevs planned to kill him, but did not
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find him on fitting occasion</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
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<biblScope>II 42</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d3249e254" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æ zærond skʼudtæ coqa… ragi æjjevujnag adtæj,
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fal in, ævæʒi, card wæxæn <oRef>ravgæ</oRef> næ lævardta</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">его старая рваная черкеска давно требовала
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смены, но, должно быть, жизнь не давала ему такой возможности</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">his old tattered cherkeska had been in need of
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a change for a long time, but life must not have given him such an opportunity</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
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<biblScope>118</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d3249e282" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">tasgin ravgæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">опасное положение</q>
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">опасная ситуация</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dangerous position</q>
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dangerous situation</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Тайм._Ӕмдз."/>
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<biblScope>64</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d3249e314" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æppun in ne ʽssæj kizgæ rartasunmæ xwarz
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<oRef>ravgæ</oRef>, kizgæ bawarzunmæ ræstæg</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">у него не нашлось удобного случая, чтобы
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выбрать девушку, времени, чтобы полюбить девушку</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he did not find an opportunity to choose a girl
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and (he did not find) time to fall in love with a girl</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Тайм._Мӕ_зӕрд."/>
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<biblScope>49</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Семантическая близость к <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fadat"><w>fadat</w>
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<gloss><q>возможность</q></gloss></ref> из <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fad"/>-<ref type="xr" target="#entry_wat"/> буквально <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">место
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для ноги</q></gloss> — <gloss><q>точка опоры</q></gloss> дает право искать этимологию
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<oRef>ravg</oRef> в семантической сфере <q>опора</q>, <q>опираться</q> и т. п. В этом
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случае <oRef>ravg</oRef> возводится к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3249e500" xml:id="mentioned_d3249e371" xml:lang="ira"><m type="rec">rāp(a)ka-</m></mentioned>; ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3249e504" xml:id="mentioned_d3249e375" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<m>rap-</m>
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<gloss><q>давать опору, возможность</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3249e513" xml:id="mentioned_d3249e384" xml:lang="ae"><m>rapaka-</m>
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<gloss><q>то, что служит опорой, дает возможность</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3249e519" xml:id="mentioned_d3249e390" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<m>rap-</m>, <w>rapati</w>
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<gloss><q>помогать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>поддерживать</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>благоприятствовать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3249e535" xml:id="mentioned_d3249e406" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><m>rambh-</m>
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<gloss><q>опираться</q></gloss></mentioned>. Исторически <m>rap-</m> представляет,
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вероятно, вариацию <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3249e543" xml:id="mentioned_d3249e414" xml:lang="ira"><m>ram-</m>
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<gloss><q>покоиться</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>опираться</q></gloss></mentioned> (в
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пехлевийском переводе Авесты <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3249e552" xml:id="mentioned_d3249e423" xml:lang="ae"><m>rapaka-</m></mentioned>
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передается словом <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3249e556" xml:id="mentioned_d3249e427" xml:lang="pal"><w>ramišn</w></mentioned>); cp.:
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<bibl><author>Kuiper</author>. <title>Vāk</title>. <biblScope>2, стр.
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95</biblScope></bibl>. — Сопоставление ос. <oRef>ravg</oRef> с <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3249e568" xml:id="mentioned_d3249e439" xml:lang="sa-vaidika"><lang/>
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<w>rabas</w>
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<gloss><q>насилие</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>пыл</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>порыв</q></gloss>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="footnote"><bibl><author>Benveniste</author>.
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<title>Etudes</title>
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<biblScope>11</biblScope></bibl>; неосмотрительно принято <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Mayrhofer"/>’ом (<biblScope>III
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43</biblScope>)</bibl>)</note></mentioned> с семантической стороны не
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удовлетворяет.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">The semantic proximity to <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fadat"><w>fadat</w>
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<gloss><q>opportunity</q></gloss></ref> from <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fad"/>-<ref type="xr" target="#entry_wat"/> literally <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">place
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for a
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<?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220218T182720+0300" comment="leg или foot?"?>leg<?oxy_comment_end ?></q></gloss>
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— <gloss><q>pivot point</q></gloss> gives the right to search for etymology of
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<oRef>ravg</oRef> in the semantic field <q>support</q>, <q>lean</q> etc. In this case
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<oRef>ravg</oRef> traces back to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3249e371" xml:id="mentioned_d3249e500" xml:lang="ira"><m type="rec">rāp(a)ka-</m></mentioned>; cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3249e375" xml:id="mentioned_d3249e504" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<m>rap-</m>
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<gloss><q>give support, opportunity</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3249e384" xml:id="mentioned_d3249e513" xml:lang="ae"><m>rapaka-</m>
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<gloss><q>that which serves as a support, gives an opportunity</q></gloss></mentioned>,
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3249e390" xml:id="mentioned_d3249e519" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<m>rap-</m>, <w>rapati</w>
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<gloss><q>help</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>support</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>be
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favourable</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3249e406" xml:id="mentioned_d3249e535" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><m>rambh-</m>
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<gloss><q>lean</q></gloss></mentioned>. Historically <m>rap-</m> is probably a variation
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of <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3249e414" xml:id="mentioned_d3249e543" xml:lang="ira"><m>ram-</m>
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<gloss><q>rest</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>lean</q></gloss></mentioned> (in the Pahlavi
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translation of the Avesta <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3249e423" xml:id="mentioned_d3249e552" xml:lang="ae"><m>rapaka-</m></mentioned> is
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translated with <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3249e427" xml:id="mentioned_d3249e556" xml:lang="pal"><w>ramišn</w></mentioned>); cf.:
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<bibl><author>Kuiper</author>. <title>Vāk</title>. <biblScope>2, p.
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95</biblScope></bibl>. — The comparison of Ossetic <oRef>ravg</oRef> with <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3249e439" xml:id="mentioned_d3249e568" xml:lang="sa-vaidika"><lang/>
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<w>rabas</w>
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<gloss><q>violence</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>ardor</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>impulse</q></gloss><note xml:lang="en" type="footnote"><bibl><author>Benveniste</author>. <title>Etudes</title>
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<biblScope>11</biblScope></bibl>; imprudently taken by <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Mayrhofer"/> (<biblScope>III
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43</biblScope>)</bibl></note></mentioned> is not satisfying from the semantic point of
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view.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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