136 lines
11 KiB
XML
136 lines
11 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">sæxtæg</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_sæxtæg" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
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<form xml:id="form_d5712e66" type="lemma"><orth>sæxtæg</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5712e69">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>петля в одежде для застегивания</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>a loop in the clothes for
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<?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230123T205853+0300" comment="????"?>buttons<?oxy_comment_end ?></q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">tymbyl aldymbydæj aræztoj
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<oRef>sæxtæǵytæ</oRef> cūqqatæ, k˳yrættæn; irmæ wydīs ūj fædyl axæm æmbīsond: ængom
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cærūt, æǧnæg æmæ <oRef>sæxtæg</oRef> k˳yd ængom sty aftæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">из круглой тесьмы делали петли для черкесок,
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бешметов; в связи с этим у осетин была такая поговорка: живите дружно, как дружны
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пуговица и петля</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">loops for
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<?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230123T210248+0300" comment="? cherkeska?"?>Circassian
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coats<?oxy_comment_end ?>, undertunics were made of round braid; in this regard, the
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Ossetians had such a saying: get along the way a button and a loop get along</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
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<biblScope>1971 VI 80</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ragi æǧnæg æma sæxtæg bærgæ adtæncæ kizgi
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biltæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">прежде губы девушки были (как) пуговица и петля
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(т. е. плотно закрытые)</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">before, the girl's lips were (like) a button
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and a loop (i.e. closed tightly)</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Æduli"/>
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<biblScope>90</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Соблазнительно было бы, на первый взгляд, возводить к
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<?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230123T205227+0300" comment="иран?"?><mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">sāxtaka</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?>-, имея в виду
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<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">sāč-</w>: <w type="rec">sāxta-</w>
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<gloss><q>устраивать</q>, <q>прилаживать</q></gloss></mentioned> и пр. (см. под <ref type="xr" target="#entry_saʒyn"/>). Однако такая напрашивающаяся как будто этимология
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встречает фонетические трудности: из
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<?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230123T205248+0300" comment="иран?"?><mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">sāxtaka</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?> ожидали бы (по
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закону озвончения интервокальных глухих) <w type="rec">saǧdæg</w>, а не <oRef/>, ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_syǧdæg"/> из <w type="rec">suxtaka-</w>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_taǧd"/>
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<w type="rec">taxta-</w> и т. п. Поэтому видим в <oRef/> одну из скифо-европейских
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изоглосс, имея в виду прежде всего безупречные соответствия в балтийских языках:
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<mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
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<w>sègti</w>
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<gloss><q>застегивать</q></gloss>, <w>sagtìs</w>, <w>saktìs</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lv"><lang/>
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<w>sakta</w>
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<gloss><q>застежка</q></gloss></mentioned> и пр. <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Trautmann"/>
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<biblScope>252</biblScope></bibl>)</note>. Балтийские факты, со своей стороны,
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неотделимы от <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>saǰ-</w>, <w>sañǰ-</w>: <w>sakta-</w>
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<gloss><q>прикреплять</q>, <q>пристегивать</q></gloss></mentioned> и пр., чему в
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иранском отвечает закономерно <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>haǰ-</w>, <w>hañǰ-</w>:
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<w>haxta-</w></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="peo"><lang/>
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<w>fra-hanǰ-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
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<w>ajs-</w></mentioned>: <bibl><author>Bailey</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOAS"/>
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<biblScope>1953 XV 537</biblScope></bibl>). Однако в этом случае, как и в ряде других, в
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осетинском представлен не <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">чисто</q> иранский, а
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ареально-европейский фонетический облик слова (см. об этом: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СЕИ"/>
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<biblScope>36—40</biblScope></bibl>). Близкую аналогию к <lang>ос.</lang>
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<oRef/> (вместо ожидаемого <w type="rec">hæǧdæg</w>) имеем в <lang>ос.</lang>
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_sūsæn"/> название летнего месяца (вместо ожидаемого <w type="rec">husæn</w>).</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">At first glance, it would be tempting to trace it back to
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<?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230123T205227+0300" comment="иран?"?><mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">sāxtaka-</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?>, meaning
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<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">sāč-</w>: <w type="rec">sāxta-</w>
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<gloss><q>arrange</q>, <q>fit</q></gloss></mentioned> etc. (see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_saʒyn"/>). However, such
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<?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230123T211048+0300" comment="напрашивающаяся??????"?>a
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forced <?oxy_comment_end ?>etymology meets phonetic difficulties: one would expect <w type="rec">saǧdæg</w> from
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<?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230123T205248+0300" comment="иран?"?><mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">sāxtaka</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?> (according to
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the law of the voicing of the intervocalic voiceless consonants), and not <oRef/>, cf.
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_syǧdæg"/> from <w type="rec">suxtaka-</w>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_taǧd"/> from <w type="rec">taxta-</w> and others. Therefore, we should
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see in <oRef/> one of the Scytho-European isoglosses, bearing in mind, first of all,
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perfect correspondences in the Baltic languages: <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
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<w>sègti</w>
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<gloss><q>fasten</q></gloss>, <w>sagtìs</w>, <w>saktìs</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lv"><lang/>
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<w>sakta</w>
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<gloss><q>fastener</q></gloss></mentioned> etc. <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Trautmann"/>
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<biblScope>252</biblScope></bibl>)</note>. For their part, the Baltic facts are
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inseparable from <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>saǰ-</w>, <w>sañǰ-</w>: <w>sakta-</w>
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<gloss><q>attach</q>, <q>fasten</q></gloss></mentioned> etc.,
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<?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230123T212319+0300" comment="????"?>which
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have <?oxy_comment_end ?>regular correspondences in Iranian: <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>haǰ-</w>, <w>hañǰ-</w>: <w>haxta-</w></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="peo"><lang/>
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<w>fra-hanǰ-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
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<w>ajs-</w></mentioned>: <bibl><author>Bailey</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOAS"/>
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<biblScope>1953 XV 537</biblScope></bibl>). However, in this case, as in a number of
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others, Ossetic does not represent a <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">pure</q> Iranian,
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but an areal European phonetic form of the word (for further information see: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СЕИ"/>
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<biblScope>36–40</biblScope></bibl>). A a close analogy to <lang>Ossetic</lang>
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<oRef/> (instead of the expected <w type="rec">hæǧdæg</w>) is found in
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<lang>Ossetic</lang>
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_sūsæn"/> the name of the summer month (instead of the
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expected <w type="rec">husæn</w>).</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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