796 lines
46 KiB
XML
796 lines
46 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">tonyn</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_tonyn" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20230301T212924+0300" comment="Russian checked" flag="done"?>
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<form xml:id="form_d1219e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>tonyn</orth><form type="participle"><orth>tynd</orth></form></form><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>tonun</orth><form type="participle"><orth>tund</orth></form></form>
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<sense n="1">
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<sense xml:id="sense_d1219e69">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>рвать</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>tear</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>вырывать</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>tear out</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>срывать</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>pluck</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>отрывать</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>tear off</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>собирать</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>collect</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (ягоды, плоды, кукурузу)</note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (berries, fruits, corn)</note>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>дергать</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>pull</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>тянуть с силой</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>tear at</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>царапать</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>scratch</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>выщипывать</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>pull out</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>драть</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>shred</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>терзать</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>torment</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>batonyn</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">износить (одежду, обувь)</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">wear out (clothes, shoes)</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>xī tonyn</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">рваться</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">tear (intr.)</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>царапать, терзать себя</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>scratch oneself</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth><ref type="xr" target="#entry_nartxor">nartxor</ref>tonæn</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">время сбора кукурузы</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">corn harvest time</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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</sense>
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<sense n="2">
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>разрывать(ся)</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>tear (tr., intr.)</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>лопаться</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>burst</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>ystonyn</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">взорвать(ся)</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">explode (tr., intr.)</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>ærtonyn</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">обрушиться</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">collapse</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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</sense>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" n="1">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">galʒarm sæ byny tyd, galʒarm sæ wælæ;
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<oRef>tonync</oRef> sæ īwyrdæm, <oRef>tonync</oRef> sæ īnnærdæm</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">бычья шкура постлана под ними (мужем и женой),
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бычья шкура на них сверху; тянут их в одну сторону, тянут в другую</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">an ox-skin is spread under them (husband and
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wife), an ox-skin is on top of them;
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<?oxy_comment_start author="irina" timestamp="20230311T134533+0300" comment="??"?>they
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pull them one way, they pull them the other way<?oxy_comment_end ?></q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>72</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">de ʽfsūrǧy barcæj myn īw syǧzærīn ærdū me
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ʽvzær fændyræn k˳y <oRef>ratonis</oRef> qīsæn!</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">хоть бы ты вырвал из гривы твоего чудо-коня
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одну золотую волосинку на струну для моего плохонького фандыра!</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">if only you pulled out one golden hair from the
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mane of your miracle horse on a string for my poorish fandyr!</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>131</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>ærtydta</oRef> aly didinæg</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">он нарвал всяких цветов</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he picked all sorts of flowers</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Munk."/>
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<biblScope>106</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æznagæn <oRef>ystonʒystæm</oRef> jæ myggaǵy
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wīdag</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">мы вырвем у врага корень его рода</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">we will tear out the root of the enemy’s
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kind</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>227</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">kʼūxæj... jæ zaḱʼetæ <oRef>tonægaw</oRef>
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adawdta</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">рукой он погладил свою бороду, как бы
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выщипывая</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he stroked his beard with his hand, as if
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plucking</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>68</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">jæ ax˳yrgænīnægtæ fændagyl æfsīrtæ
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<oRef>tonyn</oRef> bajdydtoj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ученики его дорогою начали срывать колосья</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">his disciples began, as they went, to pluck the
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ears of corn</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Марк"/>
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<biblScope><hi rendition="#rend_italic">2</hi> 23</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">...mæǧælda rūvgæjæ mænæw dær
|
|||
|
|
<oRef>ærtonʒystūt</oRef> mijjag</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">...чтобы, выбирая плевелы, вы не выдергали
|
|||
|
|
вместе с ними пшеницы</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">lest while ye gather up the tares, ye root up
|
|||
|
|
also the wheat with them</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Матфей"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope><hi rendition="#rend_italic">13</hi> 29</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">...næwæg <oRef>tynd</oRef> dyrǧtæ</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">...свежесорванные плоды</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">...freshly picked fruits</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>1956 XII 14</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">...<oRef>tynd</oRef> mægajy x˳yzæn</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">...как ощипанный бекас</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">...like a plucked snipe</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Нафи"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>215</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Dysa Azawæn kærʒyn xasta... qælærʒy
|
|||
|
|
<oRef>tonyn</oRef> æfson</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Дыса носила для Азау хлеб под предлогом, (что
|
|||
|
|
идет) собирать смородину</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Dysa brought bread for Azaw under the pretext
|
|||
|
|
(that she was going) to pick currants</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>52</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Tuǧany zærdæ jæxī <oRef>aton-aton</oRef>
|
|||
|
|
kodta særībary bydyrmæ</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">сердце Тугана рвалось на равнину свободы</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Tugan’s heart yearned for the plain of
|
|||
|
|
freedom</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>95</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dywwæ k˳yʒy jyl (karkyl) sæxī nyccavtoj æmæ
|
|||
|
|
jæ <oRef>raton-baton</oRef> kodtoj</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">две собаки накинулись на нее (курицу) и рвали
|
|||
|
|
ее туда-сюда</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">two dogs attacked it (the chicken) and tore it
|
|||
|
|
back and forth</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Arsen"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>38</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">læppū <oRef>ratydta</oRef> kæsaǵy sīs</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">юноша вырвал чешуйку рыбы</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a young man pulled out a fish scale</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Munk."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>66</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">k˳yd mæ nyttydtoj fæsqæwy læppūtæ...</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">как меня истерзали парни за аулом...</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">how I was tormented by the guys behind the
|
|||
|
|
village...</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>18</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Asiat ræsuǧd ū ævæccægæn, wædæ jyl læppūtæ sæ
|
|||
|
|
kæræʒī cæmæn <oRef>tonync</oRef></quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">должно быть, Асиат красива, иначе зачем из-за
|
|||
|
|
нее парни дерут друг друга</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Asiat must be beautiful, otherwise why would
|
|||
|
|
guys fight each other because of her</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>48</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mæ cong... kʼæʒæxyl atydton æmæ jæ
|
|||
|
|
babaston</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">я оцарапал руку об утес и перевязал ее</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I scratched my hand on a cliff and bandaged
|
|||
|
|
it</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>81</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(ars) myn galty æd xīcaw k˳y nyttona</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">как бы (медведь) не растерзал быков вместе с
|
|||
|
|
(их) хозяином</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><?oxy_comment_start author="irina" timestamp="20230311T140012+0300" comment="??? как бы не растерзал"?>I
|
|||
|
|
am afraid that<?oxy_comment_end ?> the bear will tear the bulls to pieces together
|
|||
|
|
with (their) owner</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>63</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mysty nyxyld fækæny, æmæ jyn arsy
|
|||
|
|
<oRef>tynd</oRef> nykkænync</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">он царапнет по мышиному, а его дерут
|
|||
|
|
по-медвежьи</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he scratches like a mouse, and they tear him
|
|||
|
|
like a bear</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">næmyg... maǧzy færḱytæ
|
|||
|
|
<oRef>atydta</oRef></quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">пуля вырвала куски мозга</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the bullet tore out pieces of the brain</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>25</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">fys jæ gænʒæxtæ cæǧdy, jæxī
|
|||
|
|
<oRef>tony</oRef></quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">овца бьется, вырывается</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the sheep is fighting, breaking out</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Нафи"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>75</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">nyrma jæ mojy mærdon ḱyryny fædyl cy ʒabyrty
|
|||
|
|
cydī ūdon næma batydta...</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">еще и башмаков не износила, в которых шла за
|
|||
|
|
гробом мужа...</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><?oxy_comment_start author="irina" timestamp="20230311T140906+0300" comment="я не смогла найти оригинал"?>she
|
|||
|
|
also didn’t wear out the shoes in which she followed her
|
|||
|
|
husband’s<?oxy_comment_end ?> coffin...</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Шекспир</author>.
|
|||
|
|
<title>Гамлет</title></bibl><bibl xml:lang="en"><author>Shakespear</author>.
|
|||
|
|
<title>Hamlet</title></bibl></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
|||
|
|
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">wæj, Ʒule, Ʒule, <oRef>nittonæ</oRef> dæ
|
|||
|
|
ʒikkotæ</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">о Дзуле, Дзуле, рви свои косы</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">oh Dzule, Dzule, tear your braids</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>21</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
|||
|
|
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">razæj cudæj xestær osæ ǧarængægængæ, oj fæste
|
|||
|
|
ba cudæncæ ostitæ sæ rostæ æma sæ ʒikkotæ <oRef>tongæ</oRef></quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">впереди шла старшая женщина, причитая, за нею
|
|||
|
|
шли женщины, терзая щеки и (вырывая) волосы</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">an older woman walked in front, wailing, women
|
|||
|
|
followed her, tearing their cheeks and (tearing out) their hair</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>1949 II 44</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
|||
|
|
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dæ duwwæ xwæri dæwbæl sæxe
|
|||
|
|
<oRef>tonʒænæncæ</oRef></quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">твои две сестры будут терзать себя, (оплакивая)
|
|||
|
|
тебя</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">your two sisters will torment themselves
|
|||
|
|
(mourning) you</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>41</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
|||
|
|
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ædosæ min beræǧtæ næ cæwi
|
|||
|
|
<oRef>batadtoncæ</oRef></quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">вчера ночью волки задрали нашего козла</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">last night the wolves killed our goat</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Æduli"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>94</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
|||
|
|
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">kizgajtæ ǧazd sarazuncæ
|
|||
|
|
<oRef>fæstund</oRef></quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">девушки устраивают пляску после сбора
|
|||
|
|
(орехов)</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">girls arrange a dance after collecting
|
|||
|
|
(nuts)</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>48</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
</exampleGrp>
|
|||
|
|
<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" n="2">
|
|||
|
|
<example>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">k˳yd næ <oRef>ʽstydtaj</oRef> dæ saw
|
|||
|
|
ingæn!</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">почему ты не взломал (взорвал) свою черную
|
|||
|
|
могилу!</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">why didn’t you blow up your black grave!</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Xar._Zærdæ"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>43</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>ærtonʒæn</oRef> dæ xæld car</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">рухнет твоя прохудившаяся крыша</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">your leaky roof will collapse</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Niger"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>143</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">tyxnywæztæj... gal dony byl
|
|||
|
|
<oRef>atydta</oRef></quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">от усиленного питья бык на берегу лопнул</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">from increased drinking, the bull burst on the
|
|||
|
|
shore</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАА"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>II 78</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">næmyg tærnyx <oRef>batydta</oRef></quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">пуля проломила лоб</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the bullet went through the forehead</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>1971 V 51</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
|||
|
|
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">tæxoduj æma i zænxæ ku <oRef>nittonidæ</oRef>
|
|||
|
|
fæltaw</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">о, если бы лучше земля провалилась</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">oh, if only the earth had
|
|||
|
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="irina" timestamp="20230311T141627+0300" comment="?????????"?>vanished<?oxy_comment_end ?></q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>25</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
|||
|
|
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">i saw zænxæ din dæ medbunati ku
|
|||
|
|
<oRef>nittonʒænæj</oRef></quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">черная земля тут же под тобой провалится</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the black earth will immediately fall under
|
|||
|
|
you</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>84</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
|||
|
|
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">bunmæ <oRef>tonuncæ</oRef> fidæj
|
|||
|
|
fingitæ</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">столы ломятся под (тяжестью) мяса</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">tables break under (the weight) of meat</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭп."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>62<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">318</hi></biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
|||
|
|
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">tudta mæ zærdæ</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">разрывалось мое сердце</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">my heart was breaking</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Тайм._Мӕ_уарзт"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>81</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Bes."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>80</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
</exampleGrp>
|
|||
|
|
<etym xml:lang="ru">Гласный <c>o</c> перед <c>n</c> восходит закономерно к <c>ā</c>; см.
|
|||
|
|
<ref type="xr" target="#entry_zonyn"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_amonyn"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æssonyn"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bon"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_don_1"><w>don</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ron"/>,
|
|||
|
|
<ref type="xr" target="#entry_kæron"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fæsmon"/>. Поэтому
|
|||
|
|
<m>ton-</m> следует возводить к каузативной основе <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">tānaya-</w></mentioned> от <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">tan-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w type="rec">ten-</w></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>тянуть</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>растягивать</q></gloss></mentioned> и т. п. Ср.
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>tanīdan</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>вить</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>плести</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>tatan</w> : <w>tan-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>плести</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>tān-</w> : <w>tānt</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>натягивать основу при тканье</q></gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Зарубин._Шугн."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>242</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>tun-</w> : <w>tönd</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>разрывать тесто на куски для лепешек</q></gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Lorimer"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>II 253</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>tan-</w></mentioned> в <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><w>us-tan-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>протягивать, воздевать (руки)</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><w>pairi-tan-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>отстранять</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>tan-</w>, <w>tanoti</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>тянуть(ся)</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>растягивать(ся)</q></gloss>,
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>простирать(ся)</q></gloss></mentioned> и т. п., <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>vi-tan-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>натягивать (тетиву)</q></gloss></mentioned>; далее: <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>tȩtiva</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>тетива</w>, <w>тенето</w></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>сеть</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>силок</q></gloss></mentioned>,
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="ang"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>thenjan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="goh"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>dennen</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>dehnen</w></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>растягивать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>tenere</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>держать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="la"><w>tenax</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>цепкий</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="la"><w>tendere</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>тянуть</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>растягивать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>τανύω</w>, <w>τείνω</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>натягивать</q>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment">(например, лук)</note></gloss>,
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>растягивать</q></gloss></mentioned> и пр. (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>1065–1066</biblScope></bibl>). — Смещение значения <q>тянуть</q> →
|
|||
|
|
<q>дергать</q> → <q>рвать</q> могло произойти отчасти по контаминации с <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tona"><w>tona kænyn</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>отнимать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>грабить</q></gloss></ref> (см. выше). —
|
|||
|
|
<bibl><author>Bailey</author></bibl> усматривает в <oRef>tonyn</oRef> базу <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">tau-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w type="rec">(s)teu-</w></mentioned> с удлинением <c>-n</c> — <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">taun-</w></mentioned> — и сближает с <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w type="rec">ttun-</w> : <w>ttunda</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>отнимать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>грабить</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOAS"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>1960 XXIII 35–36</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._KhT">KhT</ref>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>IV 64–65</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><title>Adyar Library Bulletin</title>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>XXV 5</biblScope></bibl>; см. также: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Emmerick"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>39</biblScope></bibl>). Однако дифтонг <c>au</c> перед <c>n</c> сужается, и
|
|||
|
|
из <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">tauna-</w></mentioned> мы получили бы <w type="rec">tyn-</w> | <w>tun-</w>, а не <w>ton-</w>, как из <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">gauna-</w></mentioned>^ — <ref type="xr" target="#entry_q0yn"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">q˳yn</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">gūn</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>шерсть</q></gloss></ref> и т. п. — База <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">tan-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>натягивать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>растягивать</q></gloss></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
распознается еще в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tæn_2"><w>tæn</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>струна</q></gloss></ref> и <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tæn_1"><w>tæn</w>,
|
|||
|
|
<w>tænæg</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>тонкий</q></gloss></ref>. С наращением <c>-g</c>, <c>-ǰ</c> (<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">tang-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">tanǰ-</w></mentioned>) мы находим этот же корень в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tynʒyn_1"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">tynʒyn</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">itinʒun</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>расстилать</q></gloss></ref>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>III 150</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr.">Gr.</ref>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>60</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Benveniste._Etudes"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>82</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
|
|||
|
|
<etym xml:lang="en">The vowel <c>o</c> before <c>n</c> regularly goes back to <c>ā</c>; see
|
|||
|
|
<ref type="xr" target="#entry_zonyn"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_amonyn"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æssonyn"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bon"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_don_1"><w>don</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ron"/>,
|
|||
|
|
<ref type="xr" target="#entry_kæron"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fæsmon"/>. That is
|
|||
|
|
why <m>ton-</m> should be
|
|||
|
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="irina" timestamp="20230311T142017+0300" comment="возводить??"?>explained<?oxy_comment_end ?>
|
|||
|
|
by the causative stem <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">tānaya-</w></mentioned> from
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">tan-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w type="rec">ten-</w></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>pull</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>stretch</q></gloss></mentioned> etc. Cf.
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>tanīdan</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>twist</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>weave</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>tatan</w> : <w>tan-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>weave</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>tān-</w> : <w>tānt</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>stretch the
|
|||
|
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="irina" timestamp="20230311T142152+0300" comment="? это оно"?>warp<?oxy_comment_end ?>
|
|||
|
|
when weaving</q></gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Зарубин._Шугн."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>242</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
|
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<w>tun-</w> : <w>tönd</w>
|
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<gloss><q>tear the dough into pieces for
|
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<?oxy_comment_start author="irina" timestamp="20230311T142329+0300" comment="лепешка???"?>cakes<?oxy_comment_end ?></q></gloss>
|
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Lorimer"/>
|
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<biblScope>II 253</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
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<w>tan-</w></mentioned> in <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><w>us-tan-</w>
|
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<gloss><q>stretch out, raise one’s hands</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><w>pairi-tan-</w>
|
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<gloss><q>ban</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
|
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<w>tan-</w>, <w>tanoti</w>
|
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<gloss><q>pull (tr., intr.)</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>spread (tr.,
|
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|
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intr.)</q></gloss></mentioned> etc., <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>vi-tan-</w>
|
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|
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<gloss><q>draw (a bowstring)</q></gloss></mentioned>; further: <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
|
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|
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<w>tȩtiva</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
|
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|
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<w>tetiva</w>, <w>teneto</w></mentioned>
|
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|
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<gloss><q>net</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>snare</q></gloss></mentioned>,
|
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|
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<mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="ang"><lang/>
|
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|
|
<w>thenjan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="goh"><lang/>
|
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|
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<w>dennen</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
|
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|
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<w>dehnen</w></mentioned>
|
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|
|
<gloss><q>stretch</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
|
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|
|
<w>tenere</w>
|
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|
|
<gloss><q>hold</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="la"><w>tenax</w>
|
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|
|
<gloss><q>tenacious</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="la"><w>tendere</w>
|
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|
|
<gloss><q>pull</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>stretch</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>τανύω</w>, <w>τείνω</w>
|
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|
|
<gloss><q>draw (a bow)</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>stretch</q></gloss></mentioned> etc.
|
|||
|
|
(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>1065–1066</biblScope></bibl>). — The shift in the meaning <q>pull</q> →
|
|||
|
|
<q><?oxy_comment_start author="irina" timestamp="20230311T142825+0300" comment="???"?>twich<?oxy_comment_end ?></q>
|
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|
|
→ <q>tear</q> could have occured partly due to contamination with <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tona"><w>tona kænyn</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>take away</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>rob</q></gloss></ref> (see above). —
|
|||
|
|
<bibl><author>Bailey</author></bibl> sees in <oRef>tonyn</oRef> the base <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">tau-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w type="rec">(s)teu-</w></mentioned> with <c>-n</c>-lengthening — <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">taun-</w></mentioned> — and brings it close to <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w type="rec">ttun-</w> : <w>ttunda</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>take away</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>rob</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOAS"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>1960 XXIII 35–36</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._KhT">KhT</ref>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>IV 64–65</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><title>Adyar Library Bulletin</title>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>XXV 5</biblScope></bibl>; see also: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Emmerick"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>39</biblScope></bibl>). However, the diphthong <c>au</c> narrows before
|
|||
|
|
<c>n</c>, and from <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">tauna-</w></mentioned> we
|
|||
|
|
would have gotten <w type="rec">tyn-</w> | <w>tun-</w>, and not <w>ton-</w>, as from
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">gauna-</w></mentioned>^ — <ref type="xr" target="#entry_q0yn"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">q˳yn</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">gūn</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>wool</q></gloss></ref> etc. — The base <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">tan-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>pull on</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>stretch</q></gloss></mentioned> is also
|
|||
|
|
recognized in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tæn_2"><w>tæn</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>string</q></gloss></ref> and <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tæn_1"><w>tæn</w>,
|
|||
|
|
<w>tænæg</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>thin</q></gloss></ref>. With <c>-g</c>- and <c>-ǰ</c>-augmentation (<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">tang-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">tanǰ-</w></mentioned>) we find the same root in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tynʒyn_1"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">tynʒyn</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">itinʒun</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>spread out</q></gloss></ref>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>III 150</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr.">Gr.</ref>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>60</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Benveniste._Etudes"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>82</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
|
|||
|
|
</entry>
|
|||
|
|
</body>
|
|||
|
|
</text>
|
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|
|
</TEI>
|