142 lines
10 KiB
XML
142 lines
10 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">wæras</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_wæras" xml:lang="os-x-digor" abv:completeness="english-questions">
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<form xml:id="form_d2093e66" type="lemma"><orth>wæras</orth></form>
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2093e69">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>брага</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20231112T013901+0300" comment="неясно, как переводить брагу"?>fermented
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drink<?oxy_comment_end ?></q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kʼ0ymæl"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_maxsymæ"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_byræǧ_1"/></note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kʼ0ymæl"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_maxsymæ"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_byræǧ_1"/></note>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d2093e75">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2093e77">
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<quote>Bicentæmæ t’æpænægi ʒag <oRef>wæras</oRef> adtæj </quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>у Биценовых была полная кадка браги</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>the Bicentæ had a full tub of homebrew</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_DZ"/>
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<biblScope>55</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ærtæ boni ku racæwa rajguruni fæste, …wædta
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<oRef>wæras</oRef> iskænuncæ; …ka nizzaja, e bælasi bunmæ racæwuj <oRef>wæras</oRef>
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æ kʼoxi otemæj ma <oRef>wæras</oRef> ka ’j oj bakaluj bælasæbæl </quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">когда проходит три дня после рождения
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(мальчика)<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(мальчика)</note>, то приготовляют
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брагу; роженица выходит под дерево с брагой в руке и льет брагу на дерево</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">when three days pass from the birth (of a boy),
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<oRef/> is brewed; the one who gave birth comes out under a tree with <oRef/> in
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hand and pours <oRef/> onto the tree</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
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<biblScope>58</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">bacudæj <oRef>wærasi</oRef> gæbætmæ æma ʒi
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kʼosi ʒag rawaǧta </quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">он подошел к бурдюку с брагой и налил оттуда
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полную чашу</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he came to the waterskin with <oRef/> and pour
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a whole cup from it</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
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<biblScope> I 98</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Неясного происхождения. Имеются соответствия в некоторых языках Кавказа:
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<mentioned xml:lang="ab"><lang/>
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<w>a-waraš</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sva"><lang/>
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<w>waräš</w>, <w>woräš</w>
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<note type="comment">название хмельного напитка</note></mentioned>
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<bibl>(<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Марр._Сван."/>
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<biblScope>17</biblScope>)</bibl>. <name>Штакельберг</name> сопоставляет с <mentioned xml:lang="kv"><lang/>
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<w>yröš</w>
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<gloss><q>квас</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="tt"><lang/>
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<w>piraš</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>пиво</q></gloss> [последнее слово отсутствует в <bibl><title>Русско-татарском
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словаре</title> (<pubPlace>Казань</pubPlace>, <date>1971</date>)</bibl> и у <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Радлов"><name>Радлова</name></ref></bibl>, но дается в
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словаре <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Будагов"><name>Будагова</name></ref>
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(<biblScope>I 324</biblScope>)</bibl>]. Татарское слово лучше оставить в стороне по
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фонетическим соображениям. Что касается <mentioned xml:lang="kv"><lang/>
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<w>yröš</w></mentioned> , то какая-то связь с ос. <w>wæras</w>, видимо, существует,
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вопреки сомнениям <bibl><author>Joki</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Joki._UuI">UuI</ref>
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<biblScope>213—214</biblScope>)</bibl>. Не исключено заимствование из пермских в
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аланский. В пользу этого говорит изолированность осетинского слова на иранской почве и
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угорские параллели у пермского слова: <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="kca"><lang>ханты</lang>
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<w>ǒrəs</w>
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<gloss><q>древесный сок, березовый сок (весной)</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="mns"><lang>манси</lang>
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<w>äreś wüt</w>
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<gloss><q>квас</q></gloss></mentioned>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><title>Acta linguistica Hung.</title>
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<biblScope>3—4, стр. 238</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. В этом случае
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абхазское и сванское слова придется признать усвоенными из аланского. </etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Of unclear origin. There are correspondences in some languages of the
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Caucasus: <mentioned xml:lang="ab"><lang/>
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<w>a-waraš</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sva"><lang/>
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<w>waräš</w>, <w>woräš</w>
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<note type="comment">name of an alcoholic drink</note></mentioned>
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<bibl>(<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Марр._Сван."/>
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<biblScope>17</biblScope>)</bibl>. <name>Stackelberg</name> compared it to <mentioned xml:lang="kv"><lang/>
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<w>yröš</w>
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<gloss><q>kvass</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="tt"><lang/>
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<w>piraš</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>beer</q></gloss> [the latter word is absent from the <bibl><title>Russian-Tatar
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dictionary</title> (<pubPlace>Kazan</pubPlace>, <date>1971</date>)</bibl> and in
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Радлов"><name>Radlov</name></ref></bibl>, but is
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attested in <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Будагов"><name>Budagov</name></ref>’s
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dictionary (<biblScope>I 324</biblScope>)</bibl>]. The Tatar word is best left aside for
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phonetic considerations. As for <mentioned xml:lang="kv"><lang/>
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<w>yröš</w></mentioned> , it is apparently somehow connected to Ossetic <w>wæras</w>,
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contrary to the doubts of <bibl><author>Joki</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Joki._UuI">UuI</ref>
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<biblScope>213—214</biblScope>)</bibl>. Borrowing from Permic into Alanic is not
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excluded. In its favour is the isolation of the Ossetic word in Iranian and Ugric
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parallels for the Permic word: <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="kca"><lang/>
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<w>ǒrəs</w>
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<gloss><q>tree juice, birch juice (in spring)</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="mns"><lang/>
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<w>äreś wüt</w>
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<gloss><q>kvass</q></gloss></mentioned>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><title>Acta linguistica Hung.</title>
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<biblScope>3—4, p. 238</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. In this case the
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Abkhaz and Svan words will have to be recognized as borrowed from Alanic. </etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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