143 lines
11 KiB
XML
143 lines
11 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">xærynkʼa</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_xærynkʼa" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="complete">
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20231025T221024+0300" comment="Russian checked + English"?>
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<form xml:id="form_d4693e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>xærynkʼa
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(xyrynkʼa)</orth></form><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>xirinkʼa</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d4693e69">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>складной ножик</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>folding knife</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<example>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="ru" type="comment">В одном из
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эпических сказаний о героях Нартах фигурирует чудесный ножичек, с помощью которого бог
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кузнечного дела Сафа (или его сын) соблазняет прославленную героиню Шатану: </note>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" type="comment">One of the epic
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stories about the Nart heroes involves a magic knife with which Safa, the deity of
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smithery, (or his son) seduces the famed heroine Satana: </note>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Safajy fyrt jæ ʒyppæj sīsta
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<oRef>xærynkʼa</oRef>, īnnæ zhyppæj ta fyng æmæ kælmærzæn; jæ
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<oRef>xærynkʼajæ</oRef> alīwyrdta fys æmæ dywwæ læppūjy…</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">сын Сафы достал из кармана ножик, из другого
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кармана треногий столик и платок; из его ножика выскочили барашек и два молодца…</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the son of Safa took a knife from his pocket,
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from another pocket a three-legged table and a kerchief; from his knife appeared a
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ram and two lads…</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
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<biblScope>I 48</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">læppū <oRef>xyrynkʼa</oRef> sīsta æmæ jæ
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radtaḱyzgmæ: acy <oRef>xyrynkʼa</oRef> kʼ˳yrījæ k˳yrīmæ dæ army tʼæpænyzīl; kæddæ
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armytʼæpænæj æxsyr cæwa,
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20231027T105037+0300" comment="NB: порядок клауз"?>wæd
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ūj zon, æz ūdægas dæn<?oxy_comment_end ?>, kæd dæ army tʼæpænæj tūg ysqara, wæd ūj zon,
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ūdægas nal dæn</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">юноша достал ножичек и дал его девушке: этот
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ножичек каждую неделю вкалывай в свою ладонь; если из твоей ладони пойдет молоко, то
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знай, что я жив; если из твоей ладони выступит кровь, то знай, что меня уже нет в
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живых</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the young man took out a knife and gave it to
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the girl: insert this knife into the palm of your hand every day; if milk comes out
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from the palm of your hand, know that I am alive; if blood comes out from the palm
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of your hand, know that I am no longer alive</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
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<biblScope>III 16</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Ʒanbolat æ dælævzag nivvardta ew
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<oRef>xirinkʼa</oRef> æma nixxistæj kʼæsibadæg osi xurfæmæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Дзанболат положил себе под язык ножичек и влез
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в утробу ведьмы</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Dzanbolat put a knife under his tongue and came
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into the belly of the witch</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
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<biblScope>27</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">cidæriddær fesafaj: kiwungæ, æxca,
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<oRef>xirinkʼa</oRef>…</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">что бы ты ни потерял: книгу, деньги, ножик…</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">whatever you lose: book, money, knife…</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_AK"/>
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<biblScope>III 8—9</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Согласный <c>r</c> перед <c>i</c> еще в начале нашей эры лерешел в
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<c>l</c> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
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<biblScope>214</biblScope></bibl>). Стало быть, исходной формой могла быть только <w type="rec">xæræn-kʼa</w> с последующим сужением гласного <c>a</c> → <c>i</c> (<c>y</c>)
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перед <c>n</c>, как в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ingæn"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fynddæs"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ælmærīn"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zærīn"/> и др. Восстанавливаемое <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w type="rec">xæræn</w></mentioned> — nomen instrumenti на <mentioned xml:lang="os"><m>-æn</m>
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<note type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ГО"/>
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<biblScope>§ 170</biblScope><hi rendition="#rend_subscript">I
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1</hi></bibl>)</note></mentioned> от <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xæryn_2"><w>xær-</w>
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<gloss><q>чесать</q>, <q>скрести</q></gloss></ref>, см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xæryn_2"/>. Стало быть, <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w type="rec">xæræn(kʼa)
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</w></mentioned> означало собственно <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">скребок</q>.
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Формант <mentioned xml:lang="os"><m>-kʼa</m></mentioned> — как в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sykʼa"><w>sy-kʼa</w>
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<gloss><q>рог</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fyr_1"><w>fyr-kʼa</w>
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<gloss><q>барашек</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cæw"><w>cæw-kʼa</w>
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<gloss><q>козел</q></gloss></ref>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">The consonant <c>r</c> before <c>i</c> transitioned to <c>l</c> already
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before the start of the common era (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
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<biblScope>214</biblScope></bibl>). Therefore, the original form could only be <w type="rec">xæræn-kʼa</w> with subsequent vowel fronting <c>a</c> → <c>i</c> (<c>y</c>)
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before <c>n</c>, as in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ingæn"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fynddæs"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ælmærīn"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zærīn"/> etc. The reconstructed form <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w type="rec">xæræn</w></mentioned> is a <foreign>nomen instrumenti</foreign> in
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<mentioned xml:lang="os"><m>-æn</m>
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<note type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ГО"/>
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<biblScope>§ 170</biblScope><hi rendition="#rend_subscript">I
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1</hi></bibl>)</note></mentioned> from <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xæryn_2"><w>xær-</w>
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<gloss><q>scratch</q>, <q>scrub</q></gloss></ref>, see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xæryn_2"/>. Therefore, <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w type="rec">xæræn(kʼa)
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</w></mentioned> meant specifically <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">scraper</q>. The
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formative <mentioned xml:lang="os"><m>-kʼa</m></mentioned> is the same as in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sykʼa"><w>sy-kʼa</w>
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<gloss><q>horn</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fyr_1"><w>fyr-kʼa</w>
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<gloss><q>little ram</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cæw"><w>cæw-kʼa</w>
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<gloss><q>baby goat</q></gloss></ref>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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