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abaev-xml/entries/abaev_x0ynkʼ.xml

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2025-03-21 13:42:40 +03:00
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">x˳ynkʼ</hi></title>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
<tagsDecl>
<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
</tagsDecl>
</encodingDesc>
</teiHeader>
<text>
<body>
<entry xml:id="entry_x0ynkʼ" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
<form xml:id="form_d1637e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>x˳ynkʼ</orth></form>
<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>xunkʼæ</orth></form>
<sense>
<sense xml:id="sense_d1637e69">
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>дыра</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>hole</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
<sense>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>отверстие</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>aperture</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
<sense>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>нора</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>covert</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
<sense>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>берлога</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>lair</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
<sense>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>норка</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>burrow</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
<sense>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>σχίσμα</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>σχίσμα</q>
</abv:tr>
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (в переводе Евангелия)</note>
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (in the translation of the Gospel)</note>
</sense>
</sense>
<re>
<form type="lemma"><orth>fynʒy x˳ynkʼ</orth></form>
<sense>
<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ноздря</q>
</tr>
<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">nostril</q>
</tr>
</sense>
</re>
<re>
<form type="lemma"><orth>mysty x˳ynkʼ</orth></form>
<sense>
<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">мышиная норка</q>
</tr>
<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mousehole</q>
</tr>
</sense>
</re>
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cʼass" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
<w>cʼassæ</w> id.</ref>, реже <oRef>xunkʼæ</oRef></note>
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cʼass" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
<w>cʼassæ</w> id.</ref>, less frequently <oRef>xunkʼæ</oRef></note>
<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Azaw Dysamæ dwary <oRef>x˳ynkʼæj</oRef>
bakast</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Азау посмотрела на Дысу через дверное
отверстие</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Azaw looked at Dysa through the door hole</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
<biblScope>50</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">zymæg k˳y ‘rcæwy, ars jæ x˳ynḱʼy wæd
bacæwy</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">когда наступает зима, тогда медведь влезает в
свою берлогу</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">when winter comes, then the bear climbs into
its lair</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОТ"/>
<biblScope>715</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dywwæ arsy īw <oRef>x˳ynḱʼy</oRef> næ
bafīdawʒysty</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">два медведя не уживутся в одной берлоге</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">two bears cannot get along in the same den</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОТ"/>
<biblScope>14</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">de ‘vzag dojnag dūr dær ax˳ynkʼ
kænʒæn</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">твой язык просверлит даже булыжник</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">your tongue will drill through even a
cobblestone</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
<biblScope>1957 III 58</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mysty x˳ynkʼ tumanæj agūry</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">он ищет мышиную нору за <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tuman">туман</ref> (10 рублей)</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he is looking for a mouse hole for a <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tuman">toman</ref> (10 rubles)</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><biblScope>about a man frantically looking for
somewhere to hide</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æ fur tæssæj ænæzmælgæ sird nincʼuldæj xunkʼi
arf</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">от страха недвижимо зверь свернулся глубоко в
норе</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">for fear the beast curled up deep in a hole
motionless</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
<biblScope>58</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">finʒi xunkʼitæ sigit æma zmesæj bajʒag
æncæ</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ноздри были забиты землей и песком</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">nostrils were clogged with earth and sand</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
<biblScope>130</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
</exampleGrp>
<etym xml:lang="ru">Ср. <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
<w>xung</w>
<gloss><q>угол</q></gloss>
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Ягелло"/>
<biblScope>597</biblScope></bibl>)</note>, <w>kunǰ</w>
<gloss><q>угол</q>, <q>уголок</q>, <q>закоулок</q>, <q>убежище</q>, <q>нора</q>,
<q>пещера</q></gloss>
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Ягелло"/>
<biblScope>1276</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="tg-x-dial"><lang>тадж. (диал. Варзоб)</lang>
<w>ᶍung</w>
<gloss><q>шалаш в поле, где отдыхают жнецы</q></gloss>
<note type="comment">(<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">убежище</q></gloss>)</note>
<note type="comment">(сообщение <name>Неменовой</name>)</note></mentioned>,
<mentioned><mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
<w>kūn</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
<w>kun</w>, <w>kunik</w></mentioned>
<gloss><q>угол</q>, <q>дыра</q></gloss></mentioned>
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bedir_Xan"/></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
<w>xuca</w>
<gloss><q>дыра</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
<w>xank</w>
<gloss><q>сито для крупного отсева</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
<w>khūṇā-</w>, <w>khuṇaka</w>
<gloss><q>дыра</q>, <q>нора</q></gloss></mentioned>. Исходную модель можно было бы
восстановить в виде <w type="rec">(s)kunoko-</w>, имея в виду индоевропейскую базу
<mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">(s)keu-</w>, <w type="rec">(s)ku-</w>
<gloss><q>скрывать</q>, <q>скрытое место</q>, <q>углубление</q> и пр.</gloss>
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
<biblScope>951</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Но созвучные слова с такими
же значениями имеются в неродственных языках, и это наводит на мысль об идеофонической
(звукопзобразительной) природе; ср. <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
<w>qunqul</w>, <w>qongul</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="mn"><lang/>
<w>konkor</w>, <w>qongil</w>, <w>xongil</w></mentioned>
<gloss><q>впадина</q>, <q>углубление</q></gloss></mentioned>,
<mentioned><?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230507T204730+0300" comment="NB"?><mentioned><lang>юрак-самоед.</lang>
<w>xink</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?>, <mentioned xml:lang="kca"><lang/>
<w>könkəl</w></mentioned>
<gloss><q>углубление</q>, <q>яма</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fi"><lang/>
<w>konkelo</w>
<gloss><q>дупло</q></gloss> и др. <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Joki"/>
<biblScope>211</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._Asica"/>
<biblScope>34—35</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._Saka_Dictionary">Saka Dictionary</ref>
<biblScope>75</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
<etym xml:lang="en">Cf. <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
<w>xung</w>
<gloss><q>corner</q></gloss>
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Ягелло"/>
<biblScope>597</biblScope></bibl>)</note>, <w>kunǰ</w>
<gloss><q>corner</q>, <q>nook</q>, <q>lane</q>, <q>asylum</q>, <q>hole</q>,
<q>cave</q></gloss>
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Ягелло"/>
<biblScope>1276</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="tg-x-dial"><lang>Tajik (Varzob dialect)</lang>
<w>ᶍung</w>
<gloss><q>a hut in the field where the reapers rest</q></gloss>
<note type="comment">(<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">asylum</q></gloss>)</note>
<note type="comment">(<name>Nemenovaya</name>’s message)</note></mentioned>,
<mentioned><mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
<w>kūn</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
<w>kun</w>, <w>kunik</w></mentioned>
<gloss><q>corner</q>, <q>covert</q></gloss></mentioned>
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bedir_Xan"/></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
<w>xuca</w>
<gloss><q>hole</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
<w>xank</w>
<gloss><q>coarse sieve</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
<w>khūṇā-</w>, <w>khuṇaka</w>
<gloss><q>hole</q>, <q>covert</q></gloss></mentioned>. The original model could be
restored in the form <w type="rec">(s)kunoko-</w>, meaning the Indo-European stem
<mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">(s)keu-</w>, <w type="rec">(s)ku-</w>
<gloss><q>cover</q>, <q>a hidden place</q>, <q>hollow</q> etc.</gloss>
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
<biblScope>951</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. But consonant words with the
same meanings are found in unrelated languages, and this suggests an ideophonic nature;
cf. <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
<w>qunqul</w>, <w>qongul</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="mn"><lang/>
<w>konkor</w>, <w>qongil</w>, <w>xongil</w></mentioned>
<gloss><q>cavity</q>, <q>hollow</q></gloss></mentioned>,
<mentioned><?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230507T204730+0300" comment="NB"?><mentioned><lang>юрак-самоед.</lang>
<w>xink</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?>, <mentioned xml:lang="kca"><lang/>
<w>könkəl</w></mentioned>
<gloss><q>hollow</q>, <q>hole</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fi"><lang/>
<w>konkelo</w>
<gloss><q>knothole</q></gloss> etc. <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Joki"/>
<biblScope>211</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._Asica"/>
<biblScope>34—35</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._Saka_Dictionary">Saka Dictionary</ref>
<biblScope>75</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
</entry>
</body>
</text>
</TEI>
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