205 lines
15 KiB
XML
205 lines
15 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <w>æmbaryn</w></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "<gloss><q>" "</q></gloss>";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_æmbaryn" xml:lang="os-x-iron" abv:completeness="english-questions">
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240209T114816+0300" comment="checked"?>
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<form xml:id="form_d1761e66" type="lemma"><orth>æmbaryn</orth>
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<form xml:id="form_d1761e68" type="participle"><orth>æmbærst</orth></form></form><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d1761e74">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>понимать</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>to understand</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d1761e84">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1761e86">
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<quote><oRef>bambærsta</oRef> q˳yddag Ḱabæxan, Soltany ḱyzg</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>поняла, в чем дело, Чабахан, дочь Солтана</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>Chabækhan, Soltan’s daughter, understood
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240209T113550+0300" comment="not ideal but better than "what was going on" because the latter is too different in syntax"?>the
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situation<?oxy_comment_end ?></q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>140</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1761e105">
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<quote>sægtæ cy <oRef>’mbærstoj</oRef> ūj nyxæstæj?</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>козы что могли понять из его слов?</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>what could the goats understand from his words?</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Munk."/>
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<biblScope>148</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1761e124">
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<quote>læppū jæxædæg <oRef>æræmbarʒæn</oRef></quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>юноша сам образумится</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>the young man will come to his senses himself</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>143</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1761e143">
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<quote><oRef>æmbargæ</oRef> fæjjaw jæ fosy ræǧaw nymadæj dary</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>смышленый пастух держит свое стадо на учете</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>a smart shepherd keeps his herd counted</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>49</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1761e162">
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<quote>smax dær aftæ <oRef>ænæmbargæ</oRef> stūt? <oRef>ne ’mbarūt</oRef>,
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æddijæ cydæriddær bacæwa adæjmaǵy x˳ylfmæ, ūj jæ næ fæqæstæ
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kænʒæn?</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>неужели и вы так непонятливы? Неужели не разумеете, что ничто, извне
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входящее в человека, не может осквернить его?</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>are ye so without understanding also? Do ye not perceive, that
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whatsoever thing from without entereth into the man, it cannot
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defile him</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Марк"/>
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<biblScope><w>7</w> 18</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1761e182">
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<quote>færsæg <oRef>æmbaræd</oRef></quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>читающий да разумеет</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>let the reader understand</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Матфей"/>
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<biblScope><w>24</w> 15</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1761e201">
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<quote>je ’znægtæ lygtæ kodtoj, ḱī nīcwal <oRef>æmbærsta</oRef>, ūcy
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bwar</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>его (Хаджи-Мурата) враги резали тело, которое уже ничего не
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чувствовало</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>his (Hadji Murad’s) enemies hacked at the body that already felt
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nothing</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Хаджи-Мурат"/>
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<biblScope>286</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Сращение преверба <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æm-"><m>æm-</m>
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<note type="comment">(← <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><m>ham-</m></mentioned>)</note></ref> с основой <w>bar-</w>. В
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последней можно видеть общеиндоевропейскую основу <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">bher-</w>
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<gloss><q>брать</q>, <q>нести</q> и пр.</gloss></mentioned>, которую мы
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предполагаем также в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_baryn"><w>baryn</w>
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<gloss><q>взвешивать</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æværyn"><w>æværyn</w>
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<gloss><q>класть</q></gloss></ref> и некоторых других. Если так, то
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структура и семантика <lang xml:lang="os"/>
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<oRef>æmbaryn</oRef> близка к <mentioned><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1761e305" xml:id="mentioned_d1761e229" xml:lang="fr"><lang/>
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<w>comprendre</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1761e310" xml:id="mentioned_d1761e234" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
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<w>comprehendere</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>понимать</q></gloss>
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<note type="comment">(от <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="fr"><w>prendre</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="la"><w>prehendere</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>брать</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>схватывать</q></gloss></mentioned>)</note></mentioned>;
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ср. также <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1761e319" xml:id="mentioned_d1761e243" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>понимать</w>, <note type="comment">тождественное с <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><w>поймать</w></mentioned></note></mentioned>. Из
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этимологических соответствий на иранской почве можно указать <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1761e327" xml:id="mentioned_d1761e248" xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
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<w>haṃbar-</w>
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<gloss><q>to compose</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>to constitute</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Konow._SSt."/>
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<biblScope>139</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned> и более
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близкое по значению <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1761e345" xml:id="mentioned_d1761e266" xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
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<w>b(u)vāre</w>
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<gloss><q>они понимают</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_NTS"/>
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<biblScope>VII 8, 13</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>; с
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другим превербом <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1761e358" xml:id="mentioned_d1761e279" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">niβēr-</w> (<w>nβyr-</w>, <w>nβʼyr-</w>)
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<gloss><q>обсуждать</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Gershevitch"/>
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<biblScope>§
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676</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>.<lb/><bibl>Ws.
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<author>Miller</author>. <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr.">Gr.</ref>
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<biblScope>59</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">A fusion of the preverb <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æm-"><m>æm-</m>
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<note type="comment">(← <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><m>ham-</m></mentioned>)</note></ref> with the stem <w>bar-</w>. In the
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latter one can discern the common Indo-European stem <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">bher-</w>
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<gloss><q>to take</q>, <q>to carry</q> etc.</gloss></mentioned>, which we
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also assume in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_baryn"><w>baryn</w>
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<gloss><q>to weigh</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æværyn"><w>æværyn</w>
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<gloss><q>to put</q></gloss></ref> and some others. If this is so, then the
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structure and the semantics of Ossetic <oRef>æmbaryn</oRef> is close to
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<mentioned><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1761e305" xml:lang="fr"><lang/>
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<w>comprendre</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1761e310" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
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<w>comprehendere</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>to understand</q></gloss>
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<note type="comment">(from <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="fr"><w>prendre</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="la"><w>prehendere</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>to take</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>to
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seize</q></gloss></mentioned>)</note></mentioned>; cf. also
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1761e319" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>ponimatʼ</w>
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<gloss><q>to understand</q></gloss>, <note type="comment">identical to
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<mentioned xml:lang="ru"><w>pojmatʼ</w>
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<gloss><q>to catch</q></gloss></mentioned></note></mentioned>. Among
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etymological correspondences within Iranian, one can indicate <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1761e248" xml:id="mentioned_d1761e327" xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
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<w>haṃbar-</w>
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<gloss><q>to compose</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>to constitute</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Konow._SSt."/>
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<biblScope>139</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned> and the
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semantically more similar <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1761e266" xml:id="mentioned_d1761e345" xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
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<w>b(u)vāre</w>
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<gloss><q>they understand</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_NTS"/>
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<biblScope>VII 8, 13</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>; with a
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different preverb, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1761e358" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">niβēr-</w> (<w>nβyr-</w>, <w>nβʼyr-</w>)
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<gloss><q>обсуждать</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Gershevitch"/>
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<biblScope>§
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676</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>.<lb/><bibl>Ws.
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<author>Miller</author>. <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr.">Gr.</ref>
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<biblScope>59</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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