113 lines
9.1 KiB
XML
113 lines
9.1 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ǵīwyn</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_ǵīwyn" xml:lang="os">
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<form xml:id="form_d196e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>ǵīwyn</orth><form xml:id="form_d196e68" type="participle"><orth>ǵīwd</orth></form></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d196e71" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>gewun</orth><form xml:id="form_d196e73" type="participle"><orth>giwd</orth></form></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d196e76"><sense xml:id="sense_d196e77"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>прозябать</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>vegetate</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d196e86"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>маяться в жалких условиях</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>suffer in miserable conditions</q>
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</abv:tr></sense></sense>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d196e96">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d196e98">
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<quote>rtæ mæjy axæstony aǵīwdta</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>три месяца промаялся в тюрьме</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>(he) spent three months in prison</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d196e113" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>kud dæmæ næ kæsuj ǧulæg næ ewnægæn æ gewun?</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>как тебя не огорчает, что наш единственный (сын) так мается?</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>how does it not upset you that our only son suffers so much?</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Æduli"/><biblScope>71</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d196e135" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>i zærond adæm sæ gewgæ badti ku jegawuncæ</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>старые люди смотрят в горестном сидении</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>old people look sadly sitting</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/><biblScope>34</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Соблазнительное на первый взгляд сближение с <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d196e212" xml:id="mentioned_d196e160" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w>gay-</w>
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<gloss><q>жить</q></gloss></mentioned> должно быть оставлено, так как
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древнеиранский начальный <hi rendition="#rend_italic">g</hi> дает в осетинском <hi rendition="#rend_italic">q</hi> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ǧ</hi>, а не <hi rendition="#rend_italic">g</hi>.
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Скорее из <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*kaiv-</hi> с исходным значением ‘болтаться’, ‘качаться’; ср.
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d196e220" xml:id="mentioned_d196e168" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
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<w>cevere</w>
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<gloss><q>вихлять</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d196e228" xml:id="mentioned_d196e176" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>кивать</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d196e236" xml:id="mentioned_d196e181" xml:lang="cs"><lang/>
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<w>kyvaty</w>
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<gloss><q>кивать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d196e244" xml:id="mentioned_d196e189" xml:lang="cs"><w/>
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<gloss><q>качать(ся)</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d196e251" xml:id="mentioned_d196e196" xml:lang="cs"><w/>
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<gloss><q>вилять</q></gloss></mentioned> и пр. В пользу предложенной
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этимологии можно привести один случай употребления <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ǵīwyn</hi> в значении
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‘трясти’: %i(læppu) wæjyǵy kæstær æng˳ylʒ aǵīwdta, æmæ avd ævsymæry ūrdygæj
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razǧældysty%i „(юноша) потряс (?) мизинец великана, и семь братьев посыпались
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оттуда“ (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СОПам."/><biblScope>IV
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40</biblScope></bibl>). Ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kīwyn"/>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Seductive at first glance relation with <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d196e160" xml:id="mentioned_d196e212" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w>gay-</w>
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<gloss><q>live</q></gloss></mentioned> should be abandoned, since Old
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Iranian initial <hi rendition="#rend_italic">g</hi> gives <hi rendition="#rend_italic">q</hi> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ǧ</hi> in Ossetic, but not <hi rendition="#rend_italic">g</hi>. It is
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rather from <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*kaiv-</hi> with the initial meaning ‘dangle’, ‘swing’; compare
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d196e168" xml:id="mentioned_d196e220" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
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<w>cevere</w>
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<gloss><q>sway</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d196e176" xml:id="mentioned_d196e228" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>kivatʼ</w>
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<gloss><q>nod</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d196e181" xml:id="mentioned_d196e236" xml:lang="cs"><lang/>
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<w>kyvaty</w>
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<gloss><q>nod</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d196e189" xml:id="mentioned_d196e244" xml:lang="cs"><w/>
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<gloss><q>swing</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d196e196" xml:id="mentioned_d196e251" xml:lang="cs"><w/>
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<gloss><q>wag</q></gloss></mentioned> etc. In favour of the proposed
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etymology there is one case where <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ǵīwyn</hi> is used in the meaning ‘shake’:
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">(læppu) wæjyǵy kæstær æng˳ylʒ aǵīwdta, æmæ avd ævsymæry ūrdygæj razǧældysty</hi>
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“(a young man) shook (?) the giant's little finger, and seven brothers started
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to fall out from it” (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СОПам."/><biblScope>IV
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40</biblScope></bibl>). Compare <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kīwyn"/>.</etym>
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<note type="internal">пример в этимологии</note>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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