161 lines
14 KiB
XML
161 lines
14 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Alardy</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_Alardy" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="questions">
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20231223T203211+0300" comment="checked"?>
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<form xml:id="form_d774e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>Alardy</orth></form><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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<form xml:id="form_d774e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>Alaurdi</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d774e72">
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<def xml:lang="ru">название одного из осетинских дзуаров (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">божеств</q>). Культ Аларды в Осетии
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связан с древним ритуалом <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">очищения</q> от
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эпидемических заболеваний, специально — оспы</def>
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<def xml:lang="en">the name of one of the Ossetic <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ʒwar"><foreign>dzwars</foreign></ref>(<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">deities</q>). The cult of Alardy in
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Ossetia is associated with the ancient ritual of <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">cleansing</q> from epidemic diseases,
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especially smallpox</def>
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</sense>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d774e78">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d774e80">
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<quote>wæd wælarvæj k˳y ’rcæjcæwy næ syǧzærin syrx
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<oRef>Alardy</oRef></quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>вот спускается с неба наш золотой красный Аларды</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>here comes our golden red Alardy</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
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<biblScope>II 103</biblScope></bibl>
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<bibl><biblScope xml:lang="ru">из песни Аларды</biblScope>
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<biblScope xml:lang="en">from the song of Alardy</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d774e105">
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<quote>wæ, <oRef>Alardy</oRef>, dæ ḱʼyldymmæ dyn kūvʒystæm, de ’rgom næm ma
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razdax</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>о, Аларды, мы будем молиться твоей спине, не обращай к нам своего
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(страшного) лика</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>o, Alardy, we will pray to your back, do not turn your (terrible)
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face to us</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d774e120" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>Ʒandari ǧæw
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20231223T201646+0300" comment="the original had Alaurdijy, which is impossible in Digor (typo?)"?>Alaurdij<?oxy_comment_end ?>
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bærægbænttæ kodtoncæ</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>аул Дзандара справлял праздник Алаурды</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>the village of Dzandar celebrated the Alaurdi holiday</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_LQ"/>
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<biblScope>40</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d774e142" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>(næ kuvd) <oRef>Alaurdijæn</oRef> barst fæwwæd</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>да будет наша молитва угодна Алаурди</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>may our prayer please Alaurdi</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
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<biblScope>62</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Название <oRef>Alardy</oRef>, как и названия большинства
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осетинских дзуаров, несравненно моложе связанного с ним культа. По мнению Р.
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Штакельберга, разделяемому и нами, оно происходит от названия местности
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<foreign>Алаверды</foreign> в Кахетии с древним и весьма почитавшимся в
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Восточной Грузии храмом Иоанна Крестителя, где ежегодно в сентябре справлялось
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празднесгво, привлекавшее множество богомольцев, в том числе много больных,
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приезжавших в надежде получить исцеление от „святого“.<note type="footnote" xml:lang="ru" n="1">См. <bibl>юбилейный сборник в честь В. Ф. Миллера
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(<date>1900</date><biblScope>, стр. 22</biblScope>)</bibl>. Об <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Алавердском празднике</q> 14 сентября см.
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также <bibl><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes"><title>Невский
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альманах</title></q> (<date>1829</date>)</bibl>.</note> В пользу
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происхождения <oRef>Alardy</oRef> из <foreign>Алаверды</foreign> говорит в
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особенности дигорская форма <oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">Alaurdi</oRef>. Для
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переноса названия местности на название божества ср. хотя бы <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Tætærtup" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
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<w>Tætærtupp</w></ref> (название местности → название дзуара) или <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d774e208" xml:id="mentioned_d774e172" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
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<w>Κύπρις</w>
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<gloss><q>Киприда</q></gloss></mentioned>. У осетин и грузин-мохевцев
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Дарьяльского ущелья праздник <oRef>Alardy</oRef> совпадает с днем Иоанна
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Крестителя, что позволяет думать, что именно на последнего были перенесены черты
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древнего божества, одновременно и насылающего болезнь и исцеляющего от нее.
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Известно, что в христианской народной традиции за Иоанном Крестителем
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закрепилась репутация святого-целителя.<note type="footnote" xml:lang="ru" n="2"><bibl>Д. <author>Шестаков</author>. <title>Исследования в области
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греческих народных сказаний о святых</title>. <date>1910</date>,
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<biblScope xml:lang="ru">стр. 148</biblScope><biblScope xml:lang="en">Research in Greek folk tales about saints. 1910, p.
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148.</biblScope></bibl>.</note> Типологическим двойником ос.
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<oRef>Alardy</oRef> является <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d774e221" xml:id="mentioned_d774e185" xml:lang="ab"><lang/>
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<w>Aq̇ǝ́ Zəsħàn</w></mentioned>.<note type="footnote" xml:lang="ru" n="3"><bibl><title>Хр. Вост.</title>, <biblScope xml:lang="ru">т. IV,
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вып. I, стр. 111 сл.</biblScope></bibl></note><lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ZDMG"/>
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<biblScope>XLII 418</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
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<biblScope>93</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">The name <oRef>Alardy</oRef>, like the names of most Ossetic
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<foreign>dzwars</foreign>, is incomparably younger than the cult associated
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with it. According to the opinion of R. Stackelberg, which we share, it comes
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from the name of the area in Kakheti called <foreign>Alaverdi</foreign>, with
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the ancient church of St. John the Baptist highly revered in Eastern Georgian,
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where a festival used to be held annually in September, attracting many
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pilgrims, including many sick people who came in hope receive healing from the
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saint.<note type="footnote" xml:lang="en" n="1">See the <bibl>Festschrift in
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honour of Ws. F Miller (<date>1930</date>, <biblScope>p.
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22</biblScope>)</bibl>. On the <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Alaverdi holiday</q> on September 14, see also <bibl><title>Nevskij
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alʼmanax</title> (<biblScope>1829</biblScope>)</bibl>.</note>
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Especially the Digor form <oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">Alaurdi</oRef> speaks in
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favour of the fact that <oRef>Alardy</oRef> originated from
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<foreign>Alaverdi</foreign>. For the shift from a toponym to a name of a
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deity, cf. at least <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Tætærtup" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
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<w>Tætærtupp</w></ref> (area name → name of a <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ʒwar"><foreign>dzwar</foreign></ref>) or <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d774e172" xml:id="mentioned_d774e208" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
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<w>Κύπρις</w>
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<gloss><q>Cypris, Aphrodite</q></gloss></mentioned>. Among the Ossetians and
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the Mokhevian Georgians of the Darial Gorge, the <oRef>Alardy</oRef> holiday
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coincides with the feast day of John the Baptist, which suggests that the
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features of an ancient deity were transferred onto the latter, who
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simultaneously sends the illness and cures it. It is known that in the Christian
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folk tradition John the Baptist has a reputation as a healer saint.<note type="footnote" xml:lang="en" n="2"><bibl>D. <author>Šestakov</author>.
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<title>Issledovanija v oblasti grečeskix narodnyx skazanij o
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svjatyx</title>
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<biblScope xml:lang="ru">Issledovanija v oblasti grečeskix narodnyx
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skazanij o svjatyx. 1910, p. 148.</biblScope> [Studies in Greek folk
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tales on saints]. <date>1910</date>, <biblScope xml:lang="en">p.
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148</biblScope></bibl>.</note> A typological double of the Ossetic
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<oRef>Alardy</oRef> is <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d774e185" xml:id="mentioned_d774e221" xml:lang="ab"><lang/>
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<w>A<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20231223T203149+0300" comment="check diacritics"?>q̇ǝ́<?oxy_comment_end ?>
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Zəsħàn</w>
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<gloss><q>a deity of smallpox</q></gloss></mentioned>.<note type="footnote" xml:lang="en" n="3"><bibl><biblScope xml:lang="en">Xristianskij Vostok, IV
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(1), pp. 111ff.</biblScope></bibl></note><lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ZDMG"/>
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<biblScope>XLII 418</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
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<biblScope>93</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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