155 lines
14 KiB
XML
155 lines
14 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">aldymbyd</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_aldymbyd" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20231224T191202+0300" comment="checked"?>
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<form xml:id="form_d177e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>aldymbyd</orth></form><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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<form xml:id="form_d177e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>aldæmbid</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d177e72">
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<sense xml:id="sense_d177e73">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>тесьма шелковая</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>silk
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20231224T185705+0300" comment="тесьма"?>trim<?oxy_comment_end ?></q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d177e82">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>галун (которым обшивают края черкески, башлыка, чувяков, ноговиц и
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пр.)</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>galloon (which is used to trim the edges of a Circassian coat, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_baslyq"><foreign>bashlyk</foreign></ref> hood, soft leather shoes,
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gaiters, etc.)</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d177e92">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d177e94">
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<quote><oRef>aldymbyd</oRef> x˳ydtoj cūqqajy æmæ k˳yræty kærættyl, kodtoj ʒy
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aǧnæǵytæ</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>тесьмой <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">aldymbyd</hi> обшивали края
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черкески и бешмета, делали из нее пуговицы</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>the trim <oRef>aldymbyd</oRef> was used to trim the edges of a
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Circassian coat and a <foreign>beshmet</foreign> coat, buttons were
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manufactured of it</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d177e109">
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<quote>dambacabos jæ q˳yryl kond, jæ q˳ymbyltæ —
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<oRef>aldymbydæj</oRef></quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>шнурок от пистолета надет на его шею, его (шнурка) узлы (сделаны) из
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шелковой тесьмы</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>a pistol string is on his neck, its (the string’s) knots are (made)
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of silk braid</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Хар._Кадӕг"/>
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<biblScope>9</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Так как <ref type="xr" target="#entry_byd"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">byd</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">bid</w></ref> (q.
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v.) значит уже <gloss><q>тесьма</q></gloss>, то под <w>aldym-byd</w> разумелся,
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очевидно, какой-то особый вид тесьмы или галуна; мы предтолагаем, что имелся в
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виду позолоченный галун (ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xærdgæ"><w>xærdgæbyd</w></ref>), и в первой части <w>aldym</w> (←
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<w>aldyn-</w>) видим <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d177e230" xml:id="mentioned_d177e135" xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
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<w>altən</w>
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<gloss><q>золото</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>золотой</q></gloss></mentioned>; ср.
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d177e244" xml:id="mentioned_d177e149" xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><lang/>
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<w>altən-čalu</w>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">(где <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d177e250" xml:id="mentioned_d177e155" xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><lang/>
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<w>čalu</w><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">—</note>
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<gloss><q>тесьма</q></gloss></mentioned>)</note>
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<gloss><q>галун</q></gloss></mentioned>. Для эволюции значения ср.
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d177e265" xml:id="mentioned_d177e170" xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">(с персидского) </note><w>zarnavuxt</w>,
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<gloss>первоначально <q>златотканный</q></gloss>, <gloss>впоследствии
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вообще <q>шелковый</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Arm._Gr."/>
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<biblScope xml:lang="ru">I 149
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сл.</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>; эволюция значения <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d177e277" xml:id="mentioned_d177e182" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>алтын</w></mentioned> в русском такого же порядка; ср. также по типу
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сложения <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d177e282" xml:id="mentioned_d177e187" xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">(с персидского) </note><w>zarbafta</w>
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<gloss><q>галун</q></gloss>, <gloss>буквально
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<q>златотканный</q></gloss></mentioned>. Почему в первой части композиции в
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значении ‘золотой’ использовано <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d177e292" xml:id="mentioned_d177e197" xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
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<w>altən</w></mentioned>, а не свое <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zærīn"/>
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(ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zærīnbos"><w>zærin-bos</w>
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<gloss><q>золотой шнур</q></gloss></ref>, <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СОПам."/>
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<biblScope>II 150, 151</biblScope></bibl>), — объясняется, надо думать,
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историей соответствующих реалий, для установления которой мы, к сожалению, не
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располагаем данными. Характерно, что в <lang>сербском</lang> в сложных словах в
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значении <gloss><q>золотой</q></gloss> используется усвоенное из турецкого
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d177e304" xml:id="mentioned_d177e209" xml:lang="sr"><w>aldum-</w></mentioned> наряду со слав. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d177e309" xml:id="mentioned_d177e214" xml:lang="sr"><w n="0">злато-</w></mentioned>. В осетинском можно указать еще пример
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сложения тюркского слова с осетинским: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tīn"><hi rendition="#rend_italic">tin-kærc</hi>
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<gloss><q>беличья шуба</q></gloss></ref>, см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tīn"/>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Since <ref type="xr" target="#entry_byd"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">byd</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">bid</w></ref> (q. v.) means
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<gloss><q>trim</q></gloss>, then <oRef>aldym-byd</oRef> obviously
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referred to some special kind of trim or galloon; we assume that a <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">gold covered</hi> galloon was meant (cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xærdgæ"><w>xærdgæbyd</w></ref>), and in the first
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part <w>aldym</w> (← <w>aldyn-</w>) we see <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d177e135" xml:id="mentioned_d177e230" xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
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<w>altən</w>
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<gloss><q>gold</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>golden</q></gloss></mentioned>; cf.
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d177e149" xml:id="mentioned_d177e244" xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><lang/>
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<w>altən-čalu</w><note type="comment" xml:lang="en"> (where <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d177e155" xml:id="mentioned_d177e250" xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><lang/>
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<w>čalu</w> means <gloss><q>trim</q></gloss></mentioned>)</note>
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<gloss><q>galoon</q></gloss></mentioned>. For the evolution of the meaning
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cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d177e170" xml:id="mentioned_d177e265" xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="en">(from Persian) </note><w>zarnavuxt</w>,
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initially <gloss><q>brocaded with gold</q></gloss>, later
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<gloss><q>silken</q> in general</gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Arm._Gr."/>
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<biblScope xml:lang="en">I 149
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ff.</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>; the evolution of the meaning of
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d177e182" xml:id="mentioned_d177e277" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>altyn</w>
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<gloss><q>a kind of coin</q></gloss></mentioned> is of the same order; cf.
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also by the compound type <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d177e187" xml:id="mentioned_d177e282" xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="en">(from Persian)</note>
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<w>zarbafta</w>
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<gloss><q>galoon</q></gloss>, <gloss>literally <q>brocaded with
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gold</q></gloss></mentioned>. The fact that <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d177e197" xml:id="mentioned_d177e292" xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
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<w>altən</w></mentioned>, and not Ossetic <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zærīn"/>, is used in the first part in the meaning
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<gloss><q>golden</q></gloss> (cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zærīnbos"><w>zærin-bos</w>
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<gloss><q>golden cord</q></gloss></ref>, <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СОПам."/>
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<biblScope>II 150, 151</biblScope></bibl>), is explained by the history of
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the corresponding realia, which, unfortunately, cannot be established due to
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lack of data. It is significant that in <lang>Serbian</lang> in compounds
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d177e209" xml:id="mentioned_d177e304" xml:lang="sr"><w>aldum-</w></mentioned>, borrowed from Turkish, is used in
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the meaning <gloss><q>golden</q></gloss> as well as Slavic <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d177e214" xml:id="mentioned_d177e309" xml:lang="sr"><w>zlato-</w></mentioned>. In Ossetic we can indicate another example
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of the combination of a Turkic word with an Ossetic one: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tīn"><w>tin-kærc</w>
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<gloss><q>squirrel fur coat</q></gloss></ref>, see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tīn"/>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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