145 lines
11 KiB
XML
145 lines
11 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">arvīston</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_arvīston" xml:lang="os-x-iron" abv:completeness="complete">
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240110T201736+0300" comment="checked"?>
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<form xml:id="form_d3356e66" type="lemma"><orth>arvīston</orth></form><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d3356e72">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>смесь сена с соломой в измельченном виде</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>chaff, chopped hay and straw mixture</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d3356e82">
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">переносно — </note>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="en">figuratively:</note>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d3356e83">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>смесь</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>mixture</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d3356e92">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>сумятица</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>confusion</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d3356e101">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>неразбериха</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>shambles</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d3356e115">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3356e117">
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<quote>næ cardæj nyn <oRef>arvīston</oRef> yskodtoj; raxīz æmæ galīw kæm īs,
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ūj nal zonæm</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>они внесли сумятицу в нашу жизнь; мы уже не знаем, где право, где
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лево</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>they have brought confusion to our lives; we no longer know where is
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right, where is left</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/>
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<biblScope>38</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">По облику — отглагольное образование: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_a"/> — преверб, <mentioned xml:lang="os"><m>-on</m></mentioned> — суффикс, <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>rvīst</w> —
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<gloss>прош. причастие от какого-то глагола со значением <q>сечь</q>,
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<q>крошить</q></gloss></mentioned> (ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3356e246" xml:id="mentioned_d3356e142" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>сечка</w></mentioned>). Предполагая закономерную перестановку
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<w>rvist</w> ← <w type="rec">vrīst</w>, приходим к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3356e254" xml:id="mentioned_d3356e147" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">braiš-</w> : <w type="rec">brīšta</w> со значением
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<gloss><q>ломать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>крошить</q> и
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пр.</gloss></mentioned>; ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3356e270" xml:id="mentioned_d3356e163" xml:lang="mnj"><lang/>
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<w>vrī-</w> : <w>vrišk-</w>
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<gloss><q>ломать</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._IIFL"/>
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<biblScope xml:lang="ru">II 258 сл.</biblScope></bibl>). Иран. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3356e284" xml:id="mentioned_d3356e177" xml:lang="ira"><w>*braiš-</w></mentioned> представляет удлинение и.е. корня <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3356e289" xml:id="mentioned_d3356e182" xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">bhrei-</w>
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<gloss><q>резать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>крошить</q> и
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пр.</gloss></mentioned>, который распознается в <mentioned><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3356e303" xml:id="mentioned_d3356e196" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
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<w>friare</w>
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<gloss><q>растирать</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>разбивать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3356e318" xml:id="mentioned_d3356e211" xml:lang="la"><w>fricare</w>
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<gloss><q>растирать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3356e324" xml:id="mentioned_d3356e217" xml:lang="fr"><lang/>
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<w>briser</w>
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<gloss><q>разбивать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>дробить</q></gloss>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru"> (из галльского)</note></mentioned> и
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пр. <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
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<biblScope xml:lang="ru">166
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сл.</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. С удлинением <c>-n</c> мы
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находим этот же корень в ос. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7lvynyn"><w>lvynyn</w>
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<gloss><q>стричь</q></gloss></ref>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Formally, a deverbal derivate: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_a"/> is a preverb, <mentioned xml:lang="os"><m>-on</m></mentioned> is a suffix,
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and <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>rvīst</w> is the <gloss>past participle of some
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verb with the meaning <q>shred</q>, <q>chop</q></gloss></mentioned> (cf.
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3356e142" xml:id="mentioned_d3356e246" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>sečka</w>
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<gloss><q>chaff</q></gloss>, <note type="comment">from <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><w>sečʼ</w>
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<gloss><q>to chop</q></gloss></mentioned></note></mentioned>).
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Assuming the natural alternation <w>rvist</w> ← <w type="rec">vrīst</w>, we
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reconstruct <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3356e147" xml:id="mentioned_d3356e254" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">braiš-</w> : <w type="rec">brīšta</w> with the meaning
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<gloss><q>to break</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>to chop</q></gloss>
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etc.</mentioned>; cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3356e163" xml:id="mentioned_d3356e270" xml:lang="mnj"><lang/>
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<w>vrī-</w> : <w>vrišk-</w>
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<gloss><q>to break</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._IIFL"/>
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<biblScope xml:lang="en">II 258
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ff.</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3356e177" xml:id="mentioned_d3356e284" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">braiš-</w></mentioned> is an extension of the Indo-European
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root <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3356e182" xml:id="mentioned_d3356e289" xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">bhrei-</w>
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<gloss><q>to cut</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>to chop</q>
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etc.</gloss></mentioned>, which can be recognized in <mentioned><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3356e196" xml:id="mentioned_d3356e303" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
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<w>friare</w>
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<gloss><q>to crumble</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>to break into
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pieces</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3356e211" xml:id="mentioned_d3356e318" xml:lang="la"><w>fricare</w>
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<gloss><q>to rub</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>to
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chafe</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3356e217" xml:id="mentioned_d3356e324" xml:lang="fr"><lang/>
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<w>briser</w>
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<gloss><q>to break up</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>to crush</q></gloss>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="en">(from Gaulish)</note></mentioned>
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etc. <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
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<biblScope xml:lang="en">166
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ff.</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. With the extension <c>-n</c>, we
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find the same root in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7lvynyn"><w>lvynyn</w>
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<gloss><q>to cut</q></gloss></ref>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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