231 lines
16 KiB
XML
231 lines
16 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">as</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_as" xml:lang="os">
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<form xml:id="form_d1798e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>as</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d1798e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>asæ</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d1798e72">
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<sense xml:id="sense_d1798e73">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>величина</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>value</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d1798e82">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>рост</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>height</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d1798e91">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>возраст</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>age</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<note type="comment">употребляется также в функции послелога со значением </note>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">равный по величине, числу, возрасту</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<re>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>xoxy jas</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>величиной с гору</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>mountain-sized</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>ūjas</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>величиной (или ростом) с него</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>of his size (or height)</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>равный ему</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>equal to him</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>столько</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>so many</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>cas</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>сколько</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>how many</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>в каком размере</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>in what size</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">(из <w>cæjas</w>) </note>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="en">(from <hi rendition="#rend_italic">cæjas</hi>) </note>
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</sense>
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</re>
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</re>
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</sense>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d1798e191">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1798e193">
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<quote><oRef>asæj</oRef> — læg, zondæj — syvællon</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>ростом — мужчина, умом — младенец</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q/>
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</abv:tr>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1798e208">
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<quote><oRef><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240113T141255+0300" comment="NB: без деривации"?>as<?oxy_comment_end ?></oRef>
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læg</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>взрослый мужчина</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>grown man</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1798e223">
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<quote>mysty <oRef>jas</oRef> ræwæd</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>теленок величиной с мышь</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>a calf of a mouse size</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/> <biblScope>107</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1798e242">
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<quote>Andīsag tærqūs galy <oRef>jas</oRef></quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>Андисский заяц величиной с быка</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>bull-sized Andis hare</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Munk."/> <biblScope>192</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru"><bibl>Вс. <author>Миллер</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr.">Gr.</ref>
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<biblScope>94</biblScope>)</bibl> сопоставляет с персидским суффиксом
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1798e344" xml:id="mentioned_d1798e268" xml:lang="fa"><w>-āsā</w>, <w>-sā</w> со значением
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<gloss><q>подобный</q></gloss></mentioned>; <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1798e354" xml:id="mentioned_d1798e278" xml:lang="fa"><w>šēr-āsā</w>
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<gloss><q>подобный льву</q></gloss></mentioned> и т. п. В этом случае
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пришлось бы допустить, что самостоятельное субстантивное употребление
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осетинского слова в значении <gloss><q>величина</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>возраст</q></gloss> развилось как вторичное из послеложного,
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вероятность чего крайне ничтожна; обычно процесс идет в обратном направлении:
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имя → послелог; вызывает сомнения и семантика: <gloss xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<q>подобный</q></gloss> → <gloss xml:lang="os"><lang/>
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<q>величина</q>, <q>возраст</q></gloss>. Мы сближаем слово (впрочем, без
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полной уверенности) с <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1798e362" xml:id="mentioned_d1798e286" xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
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<w>yaš</w>
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<gloss><q>возраст</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>год</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Радлов"/>
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<biblScope xml:lang="ru">242
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сл.</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>; отметим, что в послеложном
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употреблении и в осетинском появляется неизменно (даже после согласного)
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начальный <c>j</c> (<c>i</c>); <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>mæn-ias</w>,
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<w>max-jas</w>
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<gloss><q>(величиной) с меня, с нас</q></gloss></mentioned>. Для
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семантической близости осетинского и тюркского слов ср. такие выражения, как
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1798e382" xml:id="mentioned_d1798e306" xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
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<w>yašlə</w>
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<gloss><q>в летах</q></gloss></mentioned> — <mentioned xml:lang="os"><lang/>
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<phr>as læg</phr>
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<gloss><q>мужчина в зрелом возрасте</q></gloss></mentioned>. Ср. также
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1798e390" xml:id="mentioned_d1798e314" xml:lang="uby"><lang/>
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<w>waš</w>
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<gloss><q>Länge</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>Höhe</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>Statur</q></gloss></mentioned>, употребляется
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постпозитивно, как ос. <oRef/> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Mészaros"/>
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<biblScope>200</biblScope></bibl>).</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en"><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/> <biblScope>94</biblScope></bibl> puts it together with the Persian
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suffix <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1798e268" xml:id="mentioned_d1798e344" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>-āsā, -sā</w> <note type="comment" xml:lang="en">with the meaning</note>
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<gloss><q>similar</q></gloss></mentioned>; <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1798e278" xml:id="mentioned_d1798e354" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>šēr-āsā</w>
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<gloss><q>lionlike</q></gloss></mentioned>and so on. In this case, it would
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be necessary to assume that the independent substantive use of the Ossetic word
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in the meaning ‘value’, ‘age’ developed as secondary from the postpositional
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one, the probability of which is extremely negligible; usually the process goes
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in the opposite direction: name → postposition; semantics also raises doubts:
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Pers. ‘Similar’ → os. ‘Value’, ‘age’. We bring the word closer (however, without
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complete confidence) with <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1798e286" xml:id="mentioned_d1798e362" xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
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<w>yaš</w>
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<gloss><q>age</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1798e294" xml:id="mentioned_d1798e370" xml:lang="trk"><w/>
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<gloss><q>year</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Радлов"/> <biblScope xml:lang="en">242
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ff.</biblScope></bibl>); we note that in postpositve use in Ossetic the
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initial <hi rendition="#rend_italic">j(i)</hi> appears invariably as well (even
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after the consonant); <hi rendition="#rend_italic">mæn-ias</hi>, <hi rendition="#rend_italic">max-jas</hi> ‘of my, our (size)ʼ. For the semantic
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proximity of Ossetic and Turkic words, cf. expressions such as <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1798e306" xml:id="mentioned_d1798e382" xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
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<w>yašlə</w>
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<gloss><q>aged</q></gloss></mentioned> — Ossetic <hi rendition="#rend_italic">as læg</hi> ‘aged man’. Consider also <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1798e314" xml:id="mentioned_d1798e390" xml:lang="uby"><lang/>
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<w>waš</w>
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<gloss><q>Länge</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1798e322" xml:id="mentioned_d1798e398" xml:lang="uby"><w/>
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<gloss><q>Höhe</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1798e328" xml:id="mentioned_d1798e404" xml:lang="uby"><w/>
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<gloss><q>Statur</q></gloss></mentioned>, used postpositively like Ossetic
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">as</hi> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Mészaros"/> <biblScope>200</biblScope></bibl>).</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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