269 lines
24 KiB
XML
269 lines
24 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">bæddyn</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_bæddyn" xml:lang="os">
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<form xml:id="form_d1769e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>bæddyn</orth><form xml:id="form_d1769e68" type="variant">(<orth>bættyn</orth>)</form><form xml:id="form_d1769e72" type="participle"><orth>bast</orth></form></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d1769e75" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>bæddun</orth><form xml:id="form_d1769e77" type="variant">(<orth>bættun</orth>)</form><form xml:id="form_d1769e81" type="participle"><orth>bast</orth></form></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d1769e84"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>вязать</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>bind</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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<re xml:id="re_d1769e94">
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<form xml:id="form_d1769e96" type="lemma"><orth>bæddæn</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d1769e99"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>повязка</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>bandage</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d1769e110">
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<form xml:id="form_d1769e112" type="lemma"><orth>bast</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d1769e115"><sense xml:id="sense_d1769e116"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>связанный</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>bound</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d1769e125"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>сверток</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>roll</q>
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</abv:tr></sense></sense>
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</re>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d1769e137">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1769e139">
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<quote>ærǧæmttæ bæddync</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>вяжут вязанки</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>sheaves are being knit</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>124</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1769e158">
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<quote>fīdar ræxystæj nyn ne wængtæ sbastoj</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>крепкими цепями связали наши члены</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>our limbs are bound with hard chains</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>39</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1769e177">
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<quote>topp ræxsæntæj bast</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>ружье перевязано ремешками</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>a gun is bound with straps</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>66</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1769e196">
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<quote>jæ farsyl ærbasta jæ cybyr æxsargard</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>привязал к боку свою короткую саблю</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>[he] bound his short sabre to his side</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Æfx._Xæs."/><biblScope>100</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1769e215" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>næ sabi babæddæn (avdæni)</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>привяжем наше дитя (к колыбели)</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>let's bound our child (to the cradle)</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/><biblScope>1%l11</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1769e238" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>Asægo Kurdalægoni kond qæma astæwbæl babasta</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>Асаго привязал к поясу кинжал, изготовленный (богом-кузнецом)
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Курдалагоном</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>Aago tied a dagger made by (the blacksmith god) Kurdalagonto to his
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belt</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/><biblScope>3%l10%l</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1769e260">
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<quote>k˳yris syǧd, æmæ jyl bæddæn xudtis</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>сноп горел, а перевязь (его) смеялась над ним</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>sheaf was burning and (its) bandage was laughing at him</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/><biblScope>III
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213</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1769e279">
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<quote>sær-bæddæn</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q rendition="rend_singlequotes">косынка</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q rendition="rend_singlequotes">handkerchief</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1769e296">
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<quote>avdæn-bæddæn</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q rendition="rend_singlequotes">(обряд) привязывания к колыбели</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q rendition="rend_singlequotes">(a custom of) tying to the cradle</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1769e313">
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<quote>kom-bæddæn</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q rendition="rend_singlequotes">начало поста („завязывание рта“)</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q rendition="rend_singlequotes">start of the fast ("tying up the
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mouth")</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1769e330">
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<quote>bæddgæjæ <hi rendition="#rend_italic">|</hi> bæddgæj</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q rendition="rend_singlequotes">взаймы, в аренду</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q rendition="rend_singlequotes">on loan, on lease</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1769e348" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>zænxæ ixwærst cudæj bæddgæj</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>земля снималась в аренду</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>the ground was taken on lease</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_AK"/><biblScope>I 24</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1769e562" xml:id="mentioned_d1769e373" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w>*band-</w></mentioned> с ассимиляцией <hi rendition="#rend_italic">nd</hi> → <hi rendition="#rend_italic">dd</hi> → <hi rendition="#rend_italic">tt</hi> (как <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sæddyn"/> ‘ломать’ из *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">sændyn</hi>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æddæ"/> ‘вне’ из <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ændæ</hi>). Существование в прошлом формы
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*<hi rendition="#rend_italic">bændyn</hi> не вызывает сомнения; она отложилась в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bændæn"/> ‘веревка’, в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_nyvændyn"/> (из *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">ny-bændyn</hi> ← <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ni</hi>-<hi rendition="#rend_italic">band</hi>-)
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‘наматывать пряжу для тканья’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ivændun"/> (←
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*<hi rendition="#rend_italic">vi</hi>-<hi rendition="#rend_italic">band</hi>-) id. Основа <hi rendition="#rend_italic">band</hi>- ‘вязать’ с ее разновидностями имеет
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общеиндоевропейское распространение: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1769e578" xml:id="mentioned_d1769e389" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>band-: bast-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1769e583" xml:id="mentioned_d1769e394" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>band-: bast-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1769e588" xml:id="mentioned_d1769e399" xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
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<w>bandag : bast-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1769e593" xml:id="mentioned_d1769e404" xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
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<w>band-: bast-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1769e598" xml:id="mentioned_d1769e409" xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
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<w>vand- : vast-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1769e604" xml:id="mentioned_d1769e415" xml:lang="yah"><lang/>
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<w>vand- : vəst-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1769e609" xml:id="mentioned_d1769e420" xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
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<w>vīnd-: vūst-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1769e614" xml:id="mentioned_d1769e425" xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
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<w>vant-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1769e619" xml:id="mentioned_d1769e430" xml:lang="yai"><w>vand-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1769e622" xml:id="mentioned_d1769e433" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>*βand-(βnt-)</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1769e627" xml:id="mentioned_d1769e438" xml:lang="sog"><w>*βandak-(βntk-)</w>
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<gloss><q>раб</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1769e634" xml:id="mentioned_d1769e445" xml:lang="sog"><w>*βast-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1769e637" xml:id="mentioned_d1769e448" xml:lang="sog"><w>*βastak(βst-,
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βstk)</w>
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<gloss><q>связанный</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1769e643" xml:id="mentioned_d1769e454" xml:lang="xco"><lang/>
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<w>βancin</w>
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<gloss><q>я привязал</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1769e651" xml:id="mentioned_d1769e462" xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
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<w>bad-: basta-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1769e656" xml:id="mentioned_d1769e467" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>bañd-: basta-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1769e661" xml:id="mentioned_d1769e472" xml:lang="peo"><lang/>
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<w>ba(n)daka</w>
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<gloss><q>слуга</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1769e670" xml:id="mentioned_d1769e481" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>bandh-: basta-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1769e675" xml:id="mentioned_d1769e486" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>badhnāti</w>
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<gloss><q>он вяжет</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1769e683" xml:id="mentioned_d1769e494" xml:lang="txh"><lang/>
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<w>βενδ-</w></mentioned>
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(<bibl><author>Kretschmer</author><biblScope>Einleitung in die
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Geschichte der griechischen Sprache, стр. 236</biblScope></bibl>),
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1769e692" xml:id="mentioned_d1769e503" xml:lang="got"><lang/>
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<w>bindan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1769e697" xml:id="mentioned_d1769e508" xml:lang="de"><lang/>
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<w>binden: band</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1769e703" xml:id="mentioned_d1769e514" xml:lang="de"><lang/>
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<w>Band</w>
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<gloss><q>перевязь</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1769e711" xml:id="mentioned_d1769e522" xml:lang="en"><lang/>
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<w>bind: bound</w></mentioned> и пр. Ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_særbæddæn"/>. Причастие <hi rendition="#rend_italic">bast</hi> лексикализовалось в значении
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‘сверток’, ‘связка’; ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1769e718" xml:id="mentioned_d1769e529" xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
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<w>basta</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1769e723" xml:id="mentioned_d1769e534" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>*βast</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1769e728" xml:id="mentioned_d1769e539" xml:lang="sog"><w>*βastak</w></mentioned> и др.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>II 47 сл.</biblScope></bibl>;
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/><biblScope>63</biblScope></bibl>.— <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/><biblScope>28</biblScope></bibl>. —
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>23,
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26</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">It traces back to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1769e373" xml:id="mentioned_d1769e562" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w>*band-</w></mentioned> with the follwoing assimilation: <hi rendition="#rend_italic">nd</hi> → <hi rendition="#rend_italic">dd</hi> →
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">tt</hi> (like <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sæddyn"/> ‘break’ from *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">sændyn</hi>,
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_æddæ"/> ‘outside’ from <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ændæ</hi>). The form
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*<hi rendition="#rend_italic">bændyn</hi> which existed in the past is beyond doubt; it is found in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bændæn"/> ‘rope’, in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_nyvændyn"/> (from *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">ny-bændyn</hi> ← <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ni</hi>-<hi rendition="#rend_italic">band</hi>-) ‘wind
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yarn for weaving’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ivændun"/> (←
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*<hi rendition="#rend_italic">vi</hi>-<hi rendition="#rend_italic">band</hi>-) id. The stem <hi rendition="#rend_italic">band</hi>- ‘bind’ with its variations is common
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in Indo-European languages: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1769e389" xml:id="mentioned_d1769e578" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>band-: bast-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1769e394" xml:id="mentioned_d1769e583" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>band-: bast-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1769e399" xml:id="mentioned_d1769e588" xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
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<w>bandag : bast-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1769e404" xml:id="mentioned_d1769e593" xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
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<w>band-: bast-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1769e409" xml:id="mentioned_d1769e598" xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
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<w>vand- : vast-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1769e415" xml:id="mentioned_d1769e604" xml:lang="yah"><lang/>
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<w>vand- : vəst-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1769e420" xml:id="mentioned_d1769e609" xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
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<w>vīnd-: vūst-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1769e425" xml:id="mentioned_d1769e614" xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
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<w>vant-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1769e430" xml:id="mentioned_d1769e619" xml:lang="yai"><w>vand-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1769e433" xml:id="mentioned_d1769e622" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>*βand-(βnt-)</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1769e438" xml:id="mentioned_d1769e627" xml:lang="sog"><w>*βandak-(βntk-)</w>
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<gloss><q>slave</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1769e445" xml:id="mentioned_d1769e634" xml:lang="sog"><w>*βast-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1769e448" xml:id="mentioned_d1769e637" xml:lang="sog"><w>*βastak(βst-,
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βstk)</w>
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<gloss><q>bound</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1769e454" xml:id="mentioned_d1769e643" xml:lang="xco"><lang/>
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<w>βancin</w>
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<gloss><q>I bound</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1769e462" xml:id="mentioned_d1769e651" xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
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<w>bad-: basta-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1769e467" xml:id="mentioned_d1769e656" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>bañd-: basta-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1769e472" xml:id="mentioned_d1769e661" xml:lang="peo"><lang/>
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<w>ba(n)daka</w>
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<gloss><q>servant</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1769e481" xml:id="mentioned_d1769e670" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>bandh-: basta-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1769e486" xml:id="mentioned_d1769e675" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>badhnāti</w>
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<gloss><q>he binds</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1769e494" xml:id="mentioned_d1769e683" xml:lang="txh"><lang/>
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<w>βενδ-</w></mentioned>
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(<bibl><author>Kretschmer</author><biblScope>Einleitung in die
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Geschichte der griechischen Sprache, p. 236</biblScope></bibl>),
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1769e503" xml:id="mentioned_d1769e692" xml:lang="got"><lang/>
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<w>bindan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1769e508" xml:id="mentioned_d1769e697" xml:lang="de"><lang/>
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<w>binden: band</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1769e514" xml:id="mentioned_d1769e703" xml:lang="de"><lang/>
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<w>Band</w>
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<gloss><q>sling</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1769e522" xml:id="mentioned_d1769e711" xml:lang="en"><lang/>
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<w>bind: bound</w></mentioned> etc. Cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_særbæddæn"/>. The participle <hi rendition="#rend_italic">bast</hi> was lexicalized with
|
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the meaning ‘roll’, ‘bunch’; cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1769e529" xml:id="mentioned_d1769e718" xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
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<w>basta</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1769e534" xml:id="mentioned_d1769e723" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>*βast</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1769e539" xml:id="mentioned_d1769e728" xml:lang="sog"><w>*βastak</w></mentioned> etc.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>II 47f.</biblScope></bibl>;
|
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/><biblScope>63</biblScope></bibl>.— <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/><biblScope>28</biblScope></bibl>. —
|
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|
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>23,
|
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|
26</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
|
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</entry>
|
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</body>
|
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</text>
|
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</TEI>
|