203 lines
19 KiB
XML
203 lines
19 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">bægæny</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_bægæny" xml:lang="os">
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<form xml:id="form_d1777e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>bægæny</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d1777e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>bægæni</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d1777e72"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>пиво</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>beer</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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<re xml:id="re_d1777e82">
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<form xml:id="form_d1777e84" type="lemma"><orth>bægæniag</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d1777e87"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>материал (солод, хмель) на пиво</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>stuff (malt, hop) for beer</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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</re>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d1777e98">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1777e100">
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<quote>xory særtæj dæ bægæny, wa, syǧzærin syrx Alardy!</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>из верхушек ячменя твое пиво, о золотой красный Аларды!</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>your beer is made of top parts of barley, oh gold red Alardy!</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/><biblScope>II
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103</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1777e119">
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<quote>xūssary mænæwæj dæ kʼiriag, cægaty xoræj dæ bægæniag, wæj, tabu, ruxs
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Alardy!</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>пшеница южных склонов тебе на (жертвенные) пироги, ячмень северных
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склонов тебе на пиво, ой, табу, светлый Аларды</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>here is wheat from South mountainsides for you for (sacrificial)
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pies, here is barley from North mountainsides for you for beer, oh,
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be blessed, shining Alardy!</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/><biblScope>I 102</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1777e138">
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<quote>æmæ ʽpparync fynk fæjnærdæm saw bægæny ʽmæ syrx sæn</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>и извергают пену во все стороны черное пиво и красное вино</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>and black beer and red wine extensively throw out foam</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><biblScope>Lit. xrest., Stalinir, 1933, стр. 122</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1777e156">
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<quote>bægænij sinon duǧosugi ʒag æluton funxæj æræværuncæ</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>ставят сосуд с пивом (величиной) с котел, сваренным (по способу)
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<hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">алутон</hi></q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>there is being placed a vessel as large as a copper containing beer
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brewed in the <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">aluton</hi> way</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭп."/><biblScope>62%l311—312%l</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1777e175">
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<quote>bægænyjæn qæwy zadæn xor-q˳ydalyjy ʒag næmyg</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>для пива нужен солод из полновесного зерна двухрядного ячменя</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>for beer the malt from full-weight grain of double-row barley is
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needed</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/><biblScope>III
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193</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1777e195">
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<quote>bægæny nwæztæn nwæzt ū, xærdæn — xojrag</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>пиво служит и напитком для питья и пищей для еды</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>beer also serves as a drink for drinking and food for food</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/><biblScope>II
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193</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1777e361" xml:id="mentioned_d1777e218" xml:lang="xco"><lang/>
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<w>bakanīn</w>
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<gloss><q>пиво</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1777e369" xml:id="mentioned_d1777e226" xml:lang="xco"><w/>
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<gloss><q>буза</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1777e375" xml:id="mentioned_d1777e232" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>βy'ny</w>
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<gloss><q>хмельный напиток</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1777e383" xml:id="mentioned_d1777e240" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>bagnī</w>
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<gloss><q>напиток из риса, проса или ячменя, иначе называемый
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<hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">buza</hi></q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Vullers"/></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1777e395" xml:id="mentioned_d1777e252" xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
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<w>bgny</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1777e400" xml:id="mentioned_d1777e257" xml:lang="trk"><w>bagni</w>
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<gloss><q>хмельной напиток из пшеницы, проса и
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ячменя</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ЗКВ"/><biblScope>III 235</biblScope></bibl>;
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<bibl><author>Rachmati</author><biblScope>Heilkunde der Uiguren II
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31</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1777e414" xml:id="mentioned_d1777e271" xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
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<w>bkny</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1777e419" xml:id="mentioned_d1777e276" xml:lang="trk"><w>bʼkyny</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1777e423" xml:id="mentioned_d1777e280" xml:lang="trk"><w>bākini</w></mentioned>
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(<bibl><author>А. von Gabain</author><biblScope>Alttürkische Grammatik
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261</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1777e430" xml:id="mentioned_d1777e287" xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
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<w>bäkni</w></mentioned> (<bibl><biblScope>Махмуд
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<hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Кашгарский</hi></biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1777e438" xml:id="mentioned_d1777e295" xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
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<w>bigni</w></mentioned> (<bibl><biblScope><hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Одорик</hi> из
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Парденона</biblScope></bibl>). <bibl><author>Bailey</author></bibl>
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допускает иранское происхождение слова, исходя из среднеиранского *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">bgnk</hi> от
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">baga</hi> ‘бог’ (в смысле ‘напиток для богов’). Однако при этом не учитывается
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хорезмийская форма с <hi rendition="#rend_italic">k</hi>. Да и осетинскую форму приходится возводить не к
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*<hi rendition="#rend_italic">bagan</hi>-, а к *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">bakan</hi>- (из *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">bagan</hi>- имели бы *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">bæǧæn-</hi>). Нельзя также
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фонетически вывести приведенные формы из <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1777e450" xml:id="mentioned_d1777e307" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>bhańgä-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1777e455" xml:id="mentioned_d1777e312" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>ba<hi rendition="#rend_bold">n</hi>ha-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1777e460" xml:id="mentioned_d1777e317" xml:lang="ae"><w>bangha-</w>
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<gloss><q>наркотик, приготовляемый из конопли</q></gloss></mentioned>,
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вопреки <bibl><author>Е. Huber</author><biblScope>(Bier und Bierbereitung I 32,
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36, 41)</biblScope></bibl>. Зато привлечение арийского <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1777e470" xml:id="mentioned_d1777e327" xml:lang="iir"><lang/>
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<w>*bhangā-</w></mentioned> может быть полезно с точки зрения <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">реалий</hi>,
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указывая на то, что конопляное семя служило одним из древних источников
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получения наркотика (ср.: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Schrader"/><biblScope>I 441, II 645</biblScope></bibl>). Если так, то, не есть ли
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*<hi rendition="#rend_italic">bakan</hi>- метатеза из *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">kanab</hi>-, скифского названия конопли (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1777e480" xml:id="mentioned_d1777e337" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
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<w>κάνναβις</w></mentioned>)? Исходное значение было в этом случае:
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‘наркотик, приготовляемый из конопляного семени’. Метатеза могла быть
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умышленной, „магической“.—О названии конопли см. под <ref type="xr" target="#entry_gæn"/>.%n<bibl><author>StackeIberg</author><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ZDMG"/><biblScope>XLII 420</biblScope></bibl>. —
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<bibl><author>Bailey</author><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_TPhS"/><biblScope>1954, стр. 134, 154</biblScope></bibl>. —
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<bibl><author>Фрейман</author><biblScope>Хорезмийский язык, стр. 95,
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96</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1777e218" xml:id="mentioned_d1777e361" xml:lang="xco"><lang/>
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<w>bakanīn</w>
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<gloss><q>beer</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1777e226" xml:id="mentioned_d1777e369" xml:lang="xco"><w/>
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<gloss><q>Boza</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1777e232" xml:id="mentioned_d1777e375" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>βy'ny</w>
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<gloss><q>hops drink</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1777e240" xml:id="mentioned_d1777e383" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>bagnī</w>
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<gloss><q>drink made of rice, millet or barley, its other name is
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<hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">buza</hi></q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Vullers"/></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1777e252" xml:id="mentioned_d1777e395" xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
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<w>bgny</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1777e257" xml:id="mentioned_d1777e400" xml:lang="trk"><w>bagni</w>
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<gloss><q>alcohol drink made of wheat, millet and
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barley</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ЗКВ"/><biblScope>III 235</biblScope></bibl>;
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<bibl><author>Rachmati</author><biblScope>Heilkunde der Uiguren II
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31</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1777e271" xml:id="mentioned_d1777e414" xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
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<w>bkny</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1777e276" xml:id="mentioned_d1777e419" xml:lang="trk"><w>bʼkyny</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1777e280" xml:id="mentioned_d1777e423" xml:lang="trk"><w>bākini</w></mentioned>
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(<bibl><author>А. von Gabain</author><biblScope>Alttürkische Grammatik
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261</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1777e287" xml:id="mentioned_d1777e430" xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
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<w>bäkni</w></mentioned> (<bibl><author>Mahmud
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<hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Al-Kashgari</hi></author></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1777e295" xml:id="mentioned_d1777e438" xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
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<w>bigni</w></mentioned> (<bibl><author><hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Odoric</hi> of
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Pordenone</author></bibl>). <bibl><author>Bailey</author></bibl> supposes
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the Iranian origin of the word because of the Middle Iranian *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">bgnk</hi> from
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">baga</hi> ‘god’ (in the sense ‘drink for gods’). However, Khwārezmian form with
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">k</hi> is not taken into account. And the Ossetic form should be traced back not
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to *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">bagan</hi>-, but to *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">bakan</hi>- (forms derived from *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">bagan</hi>- would look
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like *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">bæǧæn-</hi>). Quoted forms cannot be phonetically derived from <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1777e307" xml:id="mentioned_d1777e450" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>bhańgä-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1777e312" xml:id="mentioned_d1777e455" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>ba<hi rendition="#rend_bold">n</hi>ha-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1777e317" xml:id="mentioned_d1777e460" xml:lang="ae"><w>bangha-</w>
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<gloss><q>drug made of cannabis</q></gloss></mentioned>, contrary to
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<bibl><author>Е. Huber</author><biblScope>(Bier und Bierbereitung I 32,
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36, 41)</biblScope></bibl>. On the other hand, the <hi rendition="#rend_bold">Aryan</hi> form
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1777e327" xml:id="mentioned_d1777e470" xml:lang="iir"><lang/>
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<w>*bhangā-</w></mentioned> may be useful with regard to <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">circumstances</hi>,
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because it points the fact that hemp seed used to serve as an ancient source for
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making drugs (cf. <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Schrader"/><biblScope>I
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441, II 645</biblScope></bibl>). If so, then is *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">bakan</hi>- methatesis
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from *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">kanab</hi>-, Scythian notion for cannabis (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1777e337" xml:id="mentioned_d1777e480" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
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<w>κάνναβις</w></mentioned>)? In that case the initial meaning was ‘drug
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made of hempseed’. The methatesis could be intentional, “magical”. — See the
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word <ref type="xr" target="#entry_gæn"/> for the notion of
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cannabis.%n<bibl><author>Stackelberg</author><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ZDMG"/><biblScope>XLII 420</biblScope></bibl>. —
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<bibl><author>Bailey</author><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_TPhS"/><biblScope>1954, стр. 134, 154</biblScope></bibl>. —
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<bibl><author>Frejman</author><biblScope>Xorezmijskij jazytk, pp. 95,
|
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96</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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