138 lines
14 KiB
XML
138 lines
14 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">dasyn</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_dasyn" xml:lang="os">
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<form xml:id="form_d5316e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>dasyn</orth><form xml:id="form_d5316e68" type="participle"><orth>dast</orth></form></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d5316e71" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>dasun</orth><form xml:id="form_d5316e73" type="participle"><orth>dast</orth></form></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5316e76"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>брить</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>shave</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d5316e86">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d5316e88">
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<quote>rakodtoj Wyryzmæǵy denǵyzy bylmæ, ūm æj ærbadyn kodtoj, jæ sær yn
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ysx˳ylyʒ kodtoj æmæ jæ rajdydtoj dasyn</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>повели Урузмага на берег моря, усадили его там, смочили ему голову и
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стали ее брить</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>Uruzmag was taken to the seashore, was made to sit there, his head
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was moistened and they began to shave it</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Нарт._сказ."/><biblScope>192</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d5316e107">
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<quote>jæ rīxītæ, dam, yn dasʒysty</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>ему, говорят, сбреют усы</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>they say, his will have his moustache shaven off</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Munk."/><biblScope>198</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d5316e126">
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<quote>ugærdæntæ dasy,— jæ rīwyǧd — bæræg</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>он скашивает („бреет“) луга, — (каждый) взмах его (косы) заметен</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>he mows ("shaves") the meadows, - (each) swing of his (scythe) is
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noticeable</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>56</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Вс. <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Миллер</hi> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>II 77</biblScope></bibl>)
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сопоставлял с <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5316e287" xml:id="mentioned_d5316e152" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>daš-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5316e292" xml:id="mentioned_d5316e157" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>damš-</w></mentioned>,
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5316e295" xml:id="mentioned_d5316e160" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>das-</w>
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<gloss><q>кусать</q></gloss></mentioned>. В позднейшей работе (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/><biblScope>59</biblScope></bibl>) он уже не повторил этой этимологии.
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Действительно, смысловые отношения (‘кусать’→ ‘брить’) представляются
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неправдоподобными. Мы склонны думать вместе с G. <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Morgenstierne</hi> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._EVP"/><biblScope>83</biblScope></bibl>), что начальный <hi rendition="#rend_italic">d</hi> восходит здесь к
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">t</hi>. В этом случае наше слово оказывается в одном ряду со множеством слов в
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иранских и индоевропейских языках со значением ‘резать’, ‘кроить’, ‘тесать’,
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‘брить’ и пр.: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5316e312" xml:id="mentioned_d5316e177" xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
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<w>tāšīn</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5316e317" xml:id="mentioned_d5316e182" xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
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<w>tēṣ̌-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5316e322" xml:id="mentioned_d5316e187" xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
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<w>tiṣ̌-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5316e327" xml:id="mentioned_d5316e192" xml:lang="mnj"><lang/>
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<w>tež</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5316e332" xml:id="mentioned_d5316e197" xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
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<w>tōẓ̌əl</w>
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<gloss><q>брить</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5316e341" xml:id="mentioned_d5316e206" xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
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<w>taš-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5316e346" xml:id="mentioned_d5316e211" xml:lang="yai"><w>toš-</w>
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<gloss><q>строгать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5316e352" xml:id="mentioned_d5316e217" xml:lang="yai"><w/>
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<gloss><q>отрезать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5316e358" xml:id="mentioned_d5316e223" xml:lang="yai"><w/>
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<gloss><q>брить</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5316e364" xml:id="mentioned_d5316e229" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>tāš-(tʼš)</w>
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<gloss><q>кроить</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5316e372" xml:id="mentioned_d5316e237" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>taš-</w>
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<gloss><q>кроить</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5316e381" xml:id="mentioned_d5316e246" xml:lang="ae"><w/>
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<gloss><q>резать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5316e387" xml:id="mentioned_d5316e252" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>takṣ-</w>
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<gloss><q>резать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5316e395" xml:id="mentioned_d5316e260" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w/>
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<gloss><q>кроить</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5316e401" xml:id="mentioned_d5316e266" xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
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<w n="0">тесати</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5316e406" xml:id="mentioned_d5316e272" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>тесать</w></mentioned> и пр. Начальный <hi rendition="#rend_italic">d</hi> (вместо <hi rendition="#rend_italic">t</hi>) мог появиться
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под влиянием сложного слова <hi rendition="#rend_italic">sær-dasæn</hi> ‘бритва’ [см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_særdasæn"/>], где озвончение закономерно.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Ws. <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Miller</hi> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>II 77</biblScope></bibl>)
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compared the word with <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5316e152" xml:id="mentioned_d5316e287" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>daš-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5316e157" xml:id="mentioned_d5316e292" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>damš-</w></mentioned>,
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5316e160" xml:id="mentioned_d5316e295" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>das-</w>
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<gloss><q>bite</q></gloss></mentioned>. In the latest work (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/><biblScope>59</biblScope></bibl>) he no longer repeated this etymology.
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Indeed, semantic relations (‘bite’→ ‘shave’) seem implausible. We tend to think
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together with G. <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Morgenstierne</hi> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._EVP"/><biblScope>83</biblScope></bibl>),
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that the initial <hi rendition="#rend_italic">d</hi> here traces back to <hi rendition="#rend_italic">t</hi>. In this case, our word ranks
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with many words in Iranian and Indo-European languages with the meaning ‘cut’,
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‘cut out’, ‘hew’, ‘shave’ etc.: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5316e177" xml:id="mentioned_d5316e312" xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
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<w>tāšīn</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5316e182" xml:id="mentioned_d5316e317" xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
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<w>tēṣ̌-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5316e187" xml:id="mentioned_d5316e322" xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
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<w>tiṣ̌-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5316e192" xml:id="mentioned_d5316e327" xml:lang="mnj"><lang/>
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<w>tež</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5316e197" xml:id="mentioned_d5316e332" xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
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<w>tōẓ̌əl</w>
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<gloss><q>shave</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5316e206" xml:id="mentioned_d5316e341" xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
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<w>taš-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5316e211" xml:id="mentioned_d5316e346" xml:lang="yai"><w>toš-</w>
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<gloss><q>plane</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5316e217" xml:id="mentioned_d5316e352" xml:lang="yai"><w/>
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<gloss><q>cut</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5316e223" xml:id="mentioned_d5316e358" xml:lang="yai"><w/>
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<gloss><q>shave</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5316e229" xml:id="mentioned_d5316e364" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>tāš-(tʼš)</w>
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<gloss><q>cut out</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5316e237" xml:id="mentioned_d5316e372" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>taš-</w>
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<gloss><q>cut out</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5316e246" xml:id="mentioned_d5316e381" xml:lang="ae"><w/>
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<gloss><q>cut</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5316e252" xml:id="mentioned_d5316e387" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>takṣ-</w>
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<gloss><q>cut</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5316e260" xml:id="mentioned_d5316e395" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w/>
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<gloss><q>cut out</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5316e266" xml:id="mentioned_d5316e401" xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
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<w>tesati</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5316e272" xml:id="mentioned_d5316e406" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>tesatʼ</w></mentioned> etc. The initial <hi rendition="#rend_italic">d</hi> (instead of <hi rendition="#rend_italic">t</hi>) could
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appear under the influence of the compound <hi rendition="#rend_italic">sær-dasæn</hi> ‘razor’ [see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_særdasæn"/>], where the voicing is regular.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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