191 lines
18 KiB
XML
191 lines
18 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fīdyn</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_fīdyn" xml:lang="os">
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<form xml:id="form_d1336e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>fīdyn</orth><form xml:id="form_d1336e68" type="participle"><orth>fyst</orth></form></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d1336e71" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>fedun</orth><form xml:id="form_d1336e73" type="participle"><orth>fist</orth></form></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d1336e76"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>платить</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>pay</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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<re xml:id="re_d1336e86">
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<form xml:id="form_d1336e88" type="lemma"><orth>fīddæn</orth><form xml:id="form_d1336e90" type="variant"><orth>fīddon</orth></form></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d1336e93"><sense xml:id="sense_d1336e94"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>платеж</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>payment</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d1336e103"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>возмещение</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>reimbursement</q>
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</abv:tr></sense></sense>
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</re>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d1336e114">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1336e116">
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<quote>æz ʒyllæjæ kʼaddær k˳y darīn, k˳y bafīdin isk˳y mæ xæs…</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>если бы я меньше был должен обществу, если бы я уплатил когда-нибудь
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мой долг…</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>if I owed less to society, if I ever pay off my debt …</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>11</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1336e135">
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<quote>cæmæj dyn fīdʒystæm dæ xærztæ?</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>чем мы отплатим тебе за твое добро?</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>how will we repay you for your good?</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>29</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1336e154">
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<quote>(zariag kalmæn) aly mæj ḱyzg qalon fīdæm</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>(дракону) мы каждый месяц платим дань (в виде) девушки</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>every month we pay tribute (to the dragon) in the form of a girl</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Munk."/><biblScope>28</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1336e173">
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<quote>ne ʽxsæn ḱī kūsa, ūmæn myzd fīdʒystæm</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>кто будет у нас работать, тому мы будем платить жалованье</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>we will pay salary to whoever will work for us</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/><biblScope>100</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1336e192">
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<quote>Batyraʒ dywwæ Nartæm… bamīnævar kodta: „Mæ fydy tūg myn cæwylnæ
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fīdūt?”</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>Батрадз через посла обратился к двум (фамилиям) Нартов: «Почему вы не
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платите мне за кровь отца?»</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>Batradz addressed two families of Narts through the ambassador: “Why
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don't you pay me for my father's blood?”</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/><biblScope>I
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145</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<re xml:id="re_d1336e213">
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<form xml:id="form_d1336e215" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>fīdīnag</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d1336e218" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>feddujnag</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d1336e221"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>то, что подлежит уплате</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>thing to be paid</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сл."/><biblScope>II
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1426</biblScope></bibl>)</note>
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</re>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d1336e239">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1336e241" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>cæræn… ævistæj æ xwæržewgutæj</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>мы живем, не оплатив его благодеяний</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>we live without paying for his good deeds</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Wadž."/><biblScope>21</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Разлагаем <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fī-d-</hi> ← <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*pati-dā</hi> буквально „давать взамен“,
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„возмещать“. Основа глагола <hi rendition="#rend_italic">dā</hi> ‘давать’ выступает с нулевой огласовкой (как
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в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_raddyn"/> ‘дать’), в отличие от <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fī-da-wyn</hi>
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‘мириться’ [см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fīdawyn"/>], где имеем сильную
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ступень; ср. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">st-yn</hi> [см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_styn"/>], <hi rendition="#rend_italic">æft-yn</hi>
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[см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æftyn"/>], <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fæz-m-yn</hi> [см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fæzmyn"/>] рядом с <hi rendition="#rend_italic">sta-jyn</hi> [см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_stajyn"/>], <hi rendition="#rend_italic">æfta-wyn</hi> [см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æftawyn"/>], <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ny-ma-jyn</hi> [см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_nymajyn"/>]. По образованию и значению ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1336e413" xml:id="mentioned_d1336e283" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>prati-dā-</w>
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<gloss><q>давать взамен</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1336e421" xml:id="mentioned_d1336e291" xml:lang="pal-x-turfan"><lang/>
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<w>patdahišn</w>
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<gloss><q>воздаяние</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1336e429" xml:id="mentioned_d1336e299" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>p’črʼt (*pati-rāta-)</w>
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<gloss><q>возмещение</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1336e438" xml:id="mentioned_d1336e308" xml:lang="sog"><w/>
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<gloss><q>плата</q></gloss></mentioned>. В ряде восточноиранских языков
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находим сочетание <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*para-dā</hi> со значением ‘продавать’: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1336e444" xml:id="mentioned_d1336e314" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>pr’δ-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1336e449" xml:id="mentioned_d1336e319" xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
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<w>parδāδ-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1336e454" xml:id="mentioned_d1336e324" xml:lang="sgy"><lang/>
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<w>parδē</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1336e459" xml:id="mentioned_d1336e329" xml:lang="ydg"><lang/>
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<w>plār-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1336e464" xml:id="mentioned_d1336e334" xml:lang="mnj"><lang/>
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<w>pəlōr-</w></mentioned> и др. (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._IIFL"/><biblScope>II
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237</biblScope></bibl>). О корне <hi rendition="#rend_italic">da-</hi> ‘давать’ см. под <ref type="xr" target="#entry_dæddyn"/> и <ref type="xr" target="#entry_raddyn"/>. Другие
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этимологические опыты см.: <bibl><biblScope xml:lang="ru">Н. Petersson.
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Etymologische Miszellen. LUA XIX 5 сл.</biblScope></bibl> — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Sköld._Oss."/><biblScope xml:lang="ru">XX 20
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сл.</biblScope></bibl>
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<hi rendition="#rend_bold">Венг.</hi> <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1336e487" xml:id="mentioned_d1336e357" xml:lang="hu"><lang/>
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<w>fizet-, füzet-</w>
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<gloss><q>платить</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1336e496" xml:id="mentioned_d1336e366" xml:lang="hu"><w/>
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<gloss><q>возмещать</q></gloss></mentioned> считается усвоенным из
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аланского; ос. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fid-</hi> → венг. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fiz-</hi>, как <ref type="xr" target="#entry_būd"/> → <hi rendition="#rend_italic">büz</hi>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qæd_1"/> → <hi rendition="#rend_italic">gaz</hi>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ad"/> → <hi rendition="#rend_italic">éz</hi> (<bibl><author>Munkácsi</author><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_KSz."/><biblScope>V 317</biblScope></bibl>. —
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Sköld._Oss."/><biblScope xml:lang="ru">20 сл., 55</biblScope></bibl>).%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>251</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">The word is divided <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fī-d-</hi> ← <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*pati-dā</hi> literally ‘give in
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exchange for’, ‘reimburse’. The verb stem <hi rendition="#rend_italic">dā</hi> ‘give’ is with zero-ablaut (as
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in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_raddyn"/> ‘give’), as opposed to <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fī-da-wyn</hi>
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‘reconcile’ [see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fīdawyn"/>], where there is a
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strong ablaut grade; cf. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">st-yn</hi> [see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_styn"/>],
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">æft-yn</hi> [see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æftyn"/>], <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fæz-m-yn</hi> [see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fæzmyn"/>] and <hi rendition="#rend_italic">sta-jyn</hi> [see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_stajyn"/>], <hi rendition="#rend_italic">æfta-wyn</hi> [see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æftawyn"/>], <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ny-ma-jyn</hi> [see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_nymajyn"/>]. As for the derivation pattern and the meaning,
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cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1336e283" xml:id="mentioned_d1336e413" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>prati-dā-</w>
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<gloss><q>give in exchange for</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1336e291" xml:id="mentioned_d1336e421" xml:lang="pal-x-turfan"><lang/>
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<w>patdahišn</w>
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<gloss><q>retribution</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1336e299" xml:id="mentioned_d1336e429" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>p’črʼt (*pati-rāta-)</w>
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<gloss><q>reimbursement</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1336e308" xml:id="mentioned_d1336e438" xml:lang="sog"><w/>
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<gloss><q>payment</q></gloss></mentioned>. There is a combination
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">*para-dā</hi> in some East Iranian languages with the meaning ‘sell’: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1336e314" xml:id="mentioned_d1336e444" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>pr’δ-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1336e319" xml:id="mentioned_d1336e449" xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
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<w>parδāδ-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1336e324" xml:id="mentioned_d1336e454" xml:lang="sgy"><lang/>
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<w>parδē</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1336e329" xml:id="mentioned_d1336e459" xml:lang="ydg"><lang/>
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<w>plār-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1336e334" xml:id="mentioned_d1336e464" xml:lang="mnj"><lang/>
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<w>pəlōr-</w></mentioned> etc. (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._IIFL"/><biblScope>II
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237</biblScope></bibl>). About the root <hi rendition="#rend_italic">da-</hi> ‘give’ see under <ref type="xr" target="#entry_dæddyn"/> and <ref type="xr" target="#entry_raddyn"/>. See
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other etymological experiences: <bibl><biblScope xml:lang="en">Н. Petersson. Etymologische Miszellen. LUA XIX 5
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ff.</biblScope></bibl> — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Sköld._Oss."/><biblScope xml:lang="en">XX 20 ff.</biblScope></bibl>
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1336e357" xml:id="mentioned_d1336e487" xml:lang="hu"><lang/>
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<w>fizet-, füzet-</w>
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<gloss><q>pay</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1336e366" xml:id="mentioned_d1336e496" xml:lang="hu"><w/>
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<gloss><q>reimburse</q></gloss></mentioned> is considered to be acquired
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from Alan; Ossetic <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fid-</hi> → Hungarian <hi rendition="#rend_italic">fiz-</hi>, as <ref type="xr" target="#entry_būd"/> → <hi rendition="#rend_italic">büz</hi>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qæd_1"/> →
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">gaz</hi>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ad"/> → <hi rendition="#rend_italic">éz</hi>
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(<bibl><author>Munkácsi</author><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_KSz."/><biblScope>V 317</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Sköld._Oss."/><biblScope xml:lang="en">20 ff.,
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55</biblScope></bibl>).%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>251</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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