453 lines
39 KiB
XML
453 lines
39 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">mærzyn</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_mærzyn" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
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<form xml:id="form_d3019e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>mærzyn</orth><form xml:id="form_d3019e68" type="participle"><orth>marzt</orth></form></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d3019e71" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>mærzun</orth><form xml:id="form_d3019e73" type="participle"><orth>marzt</orth></form></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d3019e76"><sense xml:id="sense_d3019e77"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>мести</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>sweep</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d3019e86"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>подметать</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>besom out</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d3019e95"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>вытирать</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>wipe</q>
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</abv:tr></sense></sense>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; в последнем значении сейчас более употребительно <ref type="xr" target="#entry_særfyn"/>, а в дигорском <ref type="xr" target="#entry_særfyn"><w>særfun</w></ref> почти полностью вытеснило <oRef>mærzun</oRef></note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; in the latter sense <ref type="xr" target="#entry_særfyn"/> is now more widely used, and in Digor <ref type="xr" target="#entry_særfyn"><w>særfun</w></ref> has almost completely displaced
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<oRef>mærzun</oRef></note>
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<re xml:id="re_d3019e124">
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">но в сложных словах преобладает <oRef>mærzyn</oRef>: </note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">but in compounds <oRef>mærzyn</oRef> is predominant: </note>
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<re xml:id="re_d3019e136">
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<form xml:id="form_d3019e138" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>kʼūxmærzæn</orth><form xml:id="form_d3019e140" type="variant"><orth>kʼūxtæmærzæn</orth></form></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d3019e143" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>kʼoxmærzæn</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d3019e146"><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">полотенце для вытирания рук</q>
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</tr><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">towel for wiping hands</q>
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</tr></sense>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d3019e159" xml:lang="os-x-iron">
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<form xml:id="form_d3019e161" type="lemma"><lang/><orth>kælmærzæn</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d3019e165"><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">платок</q>
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</tr><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">shawl</q>
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</tr></sense>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d3019e178" xml:lang="os-x-iron">
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<form xml:id="form_d3019e180" type="lemma"><lang/><orth>fynʒmærzæn</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d3019e184"><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">носовой платок</q>
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</tr><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">handkerchief</q>
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</tr></sense>
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</re>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d3019e198">
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">ср. также </note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">cf. also </note>
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<form xml:id="form_d3019e206" type="lemma"><orth>g˳ydynmærzæn</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d3019e209"><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">чем обметают пирог</q>
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</tr><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">smth. for sweeping a pie</q>
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</tr></sense>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d3019e222">
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">значение <gloss><q>сгребать</q></gloss> выступает в </note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">the meaning <gloss><q>rake together</q></gloss> is seen
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in </note>
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<form xml:id="form_d3019e236" type="lemma"><orth>xalamærzæn</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d3019e239"><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">грабли</q>
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</tr><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">rake</q>
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</tr></sense>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d3019e252">
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<form xml:id="form_d3019e254" type="lemma"><orth>ramærzyn</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d3019e257"><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">вымести</q>
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</tr><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">sweep out</q>
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</tr></sense>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d3019e270">
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<form xml:id="form_d3019e272" type="lemma"><orth>nymmærzyn</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d3019e275"><sense xml:id="sense_d3019e276"><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">подмести</q>
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</tr><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">sweep (pfv.)</q>
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</tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d3019e287"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>вытереть</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>wipe (pfv.)</q>
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</abv:tr></sense></sense>
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</re>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d3019e298">
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<example xml:id="example_d3019e300">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dæ fynʒ <oRef>nymmærz</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">утри нос</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">wipe your nose</q>
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</tr>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d3019e319">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">…fijjagæj ḱī <oRef>mærzy</oRef> īskæj
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bæxdon!</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">кому охота лопатой выгребать чужую конюшню!</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">who wants to sweep another’s stables with a
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shovel!</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>37</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d3019e344">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">sæ īw fijjag felvæsta, īnnæ wīsoj æmæ
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<oRef>ramarztoj</oRef> xæʒar</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">один из них схватил лопату, другой метлу, и
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подмели дом</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">one of them grabbed a shovel, another a broom,
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and they swiped the house</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭп."/>
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<biblScope>19</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d3019e369">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(Satana) rajsom raǵy wyngtæ
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<oRef>marzta</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(Шатана) утром рано мела улицы</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(Satana) was sweeping the streets early in the
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morning</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
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<biblScope>40</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d3019e393">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Asiat īwnægæj wat <oRef>mærzy</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Асиат одна подметает комнату</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Asiat alone is sweeping the room</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/>
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<biblScope>22</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d3019e418">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">…æmæ jæ ‘ssary (xæʒar) ævdælon,
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<oRef>marzt</oRef> æmæ æfsnajdæj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">…и находит (дом) незанятым, выметенным и
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убранным</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">…he findeth (the house) empty, swept, and
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garnished.</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Матфей"/>
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<biblScope><hi rendition="#rend_italic">12</hi> 44</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d3019e446">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dymgæ… wyngtæ <oRef>amærzy</oRef> xorz næwæg
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ḱynʒaw</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ветер выметает улицы, как хорошая молодая
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невестка</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the wind is sweeping the streets like a good
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young
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20220624T022506+0300" comment="невестка"?>wife<?oxy_comment_end ?></q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Niger"/>
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<biblScope>81</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d3019e474">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ḱyzg jæ fydmæ ærcydīs, jæ fyd æj
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<oRef>faǵysmærzæg</oRef> yskodta</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">девушка вернулась к отцу, отец сделал ее
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уборщицей навоза</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the girl returned to her father, her father
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made her a sweeper of manure</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАА"/>
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<biblScope>II 83</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d3019e503"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e1058" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e504" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">marz-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e1064" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e510" xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">merǵ-</w>, <w type="rec">melǵ-</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>тереть</q>, <q>стирать</q>, <q>мести</q> и пр</gloss></mentioned>.
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Закономерная древнеперсидская форма — <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e1081" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e527" xml:lang="peo"><w type="rec">mard-</w></mentioned>, откуда (<c>rd</c> → <c>l</c>) <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e1089" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e535" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>mālīdan</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>тереть</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>вытирать</q></gloss>,
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>натирать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e1104" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e550" xml:lang="fa"><w>dast-māl</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>ручное полотенце</q>
|
|||
|
|
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(ср. ос. <oRef>kʼūx-mærzæn</oRef>)</note></gloss></mentioned>; в <lang>пехл.</lang> наряду с
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e1117" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e563" xml:lang="pal"><w>māl-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e1122" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e568" xml:lang="pal"><w>mālišn</w></mentioned>)</note></mentioned> засвидетельствовано
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e1126" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e572" xml:lang="pal"><w>marz-</w>, <w>marž-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>касаться</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>гладить</q></gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Nyberg"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>II 144, 147</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_GIPh."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>I 296</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>; персидскую звуковую норму
|
|||
|
|
отражают <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e1154" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e596" xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>malin</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>чистить</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>подметать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e1165" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e607" xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>malag</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>тереть</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>вытирать</q></gloss></mentioned>; оригинально
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e1177" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e619" xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>marz</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>орудие для дробления комьев земли</q></gloss>,
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>борона</q></gloss></mentioned>, ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e1188" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e630" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>māla</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>лопатка штукатура</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>борона</q></gloss></mentioned>. Сюда
|
|||
|
|
же относят <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e1199" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e641" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>muštan</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>растирать</q></gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(← <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e1209" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e651" xml:lang="peo"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>mṛštanaiy</w></mentioned>: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._PSt."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>98</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned> и — под сомнением —
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d3019e662"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e1221" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e663" xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>muṣ̌əl</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e1226" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e668" xml:lang="ps"><w>muẓ̌əm</w></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>тереть</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d3019e674"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e1233" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e675" xml:lang="wne"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>mursen</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e1238" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e680" xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>mušag</w></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss>id.</gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._EVP"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>48</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_NTS"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>1931 IV 161</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Ср. далее <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e1258" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e700" xml:lang="xpr"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>ni-marz-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>очищать</q></gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Ghilain"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>53</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e1275" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e717" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w type="rec">marz-</w> (<w>mrz-</w>) <gloss><q>тереть</q></gloss></mentioned>,
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e1286" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e728" xml:lang="sog"><w type="rec">wi-marz-</w> (<w>wmʼrz-</w>)
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>отрывать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>отнимать</q></gloss>,
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>грабить</q></gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(ср. экспрессивное <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e1303" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e745" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>amarzta</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>забрал</q></gloss>,
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>уворовал</q></gloss></mentioned>)</note></mentioned>, <w>ni-marz-</w>
|
|||
|
|
(<w>nmʼrz-</w>) <gloss><q>ласкать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>гладить</q></gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Benveniste</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_JA"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>1933, стр. 235</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Gramm._sogd."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>II 19</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_TSP"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>259</biblScope></bibl>)</note>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e1346" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e788" xml:lang="sog"><w>mrznykh</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>очищающее средство</q></gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Henning</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOS"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>1946 713</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e1365" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e804" xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>malys-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(← <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e1058" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e811" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">marz-</w></mentioned>)</note>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>стирать</q></gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Leumann"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>483</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e1391" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e827" xml:lang="kho"><w>nimalys</w>
|
|||
|
|
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(← <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e1396" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e832" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">ni-marz-</w></mentioned>)</note>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>растирать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e1407" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e840" xml:lang="ira"><w>uysmalsta-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(← <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e1412" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e845" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">uz-marsta-</w></mentioned>)</note>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>тренированный</q></gloss></mentioned>, ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e1420" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e853" xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>marzem</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>тренирую</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><author>Bailey</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_TPhS">TPhS</ref>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>1956, стр. 113 сл.</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Donum_Nyberg"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>2</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e1442" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e875" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>marəz-</w>, <w>marəzaiti</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>задевать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e1452" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e885" xml:lang="ae"><w>fra-marəz-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(= <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e1457" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e890" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>ramærzyn</w></mentioned>)</note>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>выметать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>очищать</q></gloss></mentioned>,<note xml:lang="ru" type="footnote">От аористной основы <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e1471" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e904" xml:lang="ae"><w>marš-</w></mentioned> этого же глагола <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Benveniste</hi> производит <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e1477" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e910" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>maršākara-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>изнашивающий</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>старящий</q></gloss></mentioned>,
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e1488" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e921" xml:lang="ae"><w>amaršant-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>неизнашиваемый</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>не стареющий</q></gloss></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_MO"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>XXVI-XXVII 177—179</biblScope></bibl>).</note>
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d3019e936"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e1504" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e937" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>marj-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e1509" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e942" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>mṛjati</w></mentioned>,
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e1512" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e945" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>mārjati</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e1515" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e948" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>marṣṭi</w></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>тереть</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>чистить</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e1525" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e958" xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>meržem</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>выгоняю</q> (← <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">выметаю</q>)</gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e1537" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e970" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>ἀμέργω</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>обрываю (листья, плоды)</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e1545" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e978" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>mergae, -arum</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>вилы</q></gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(ср. для развития значения ос.
|
|||
|
|
<oRef>xala-mærzæn</oRef>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>грабли</q></gloss>)</note></mentioned>. Nom. instrumenti ос.
|
|||
|
|
<oRef>-mærzæn</oRef> во второй части сложных слов (см. выше) отвечает <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e1565" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e996" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>-mārjana-</w></mentioned> в таких сложениях, как <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e1571" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e1001" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>sruk-sam-mārjana-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>чем вытирают ложки</q></gloss></mentioned>. Nom. actoris ос.
|
|||
|
|
<oRef>mærzæg</oRef> находит соответствие в <lang>скифском</lang> имени <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e1583" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e1012" xml:lang="xsc"><w>Μαρζακος</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>сметающий</q></gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>173</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. — Ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kʼūxmærzæn"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kælmærzæn"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xalamærzæn"/>.<lb/><bibl>Вс. <author>Миллер</author>. <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ">ОЭ</ref>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>II 46, 82</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr.">Gr.</ref>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>32, 58</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>48</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
|
|||
|
|
<etym xml:lang="en">Goes back to <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d3019e1057"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e504" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e1058" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w type="rec">marz-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e510" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e1064" xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w type="rec">merǵ-</w>, <w type="rec">melǵ-</w></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>rub</q>, <q>wipe</q>, <q>broom</q> etc</gloss></mentioned>. The regular Old
|
|||
|
|
Persian form is <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e527" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e1081" xml:lang="peo"><w type="rec">mard-</w></mentioned>, whence
|
|||
|
|
(<c>rd</c> → <c>l</c>) <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e535" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e1089" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>mālīdan</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>rub</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>wipe</q></gloss>,
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>smear</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e550" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e1104" xml:lang="fa"><w>dast-māl</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>hand towel</q>
|
|||
|
|
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(cf. Ossetic
|
|||
|
|
<oRef>kʼūx-mærzæn</oRef>)</note></gloss></mentioned>; in <lang>Middle Persian</lang>
|
|||
|
|
alongside <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e563" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e1117" xml:lang="pal"><w>māl-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e568" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e1122" xml:lang="pal"><w>mālišn</w></mentioned>)</note></mentioned> there is also
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e572" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e1126" xml:lang="pal"><w>marz-</w>, <w>marž-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>to touch</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>to
|
|||
|
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20220624T023024+0300" comment="гладить"?>stroke<?oxy_comment_end ?></q></gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Nyberg"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>II 144, 147</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_GIPh."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>I 296</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>; the Persian phonetic form
|
|||
|
|
is reflected in <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e596" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e1154" xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>malin</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>clean</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>sweep</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e607" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e1165" xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>malag</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>rub</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>wipe</q></gloss></mentioned>; the original form is
|
|||
|
|
found in <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e619" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e1177" xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>marz</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>instrument for crushing lumps of earth</q></gloss>,
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>harrow</q></gloss></mentioned>, cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e630" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e1188" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>māla</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>plasterer’s trowel</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>harrow</q></gloss></mentioned>. To
|
|||
|
|
the same root are usually assigned <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e641" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e1199" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>muštan</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>knead</q></gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(←
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e651" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e1209" xml:lang="peo"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>mṛštanaiy</w></mentioned>: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._PSt."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>98</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned> and – with some doubt –
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d3019e1220"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e663" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e1221" xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>muṣ̌əl</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e668" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e1226" xml:lang="ps"><w>muẓ̌əm</w></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>rub</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d3019e1232"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e675" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e1233" xml:lang="wne"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>mursen</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e680" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e1238" xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>mušag</w></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss>id.</gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._EVP"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>48</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_NTS"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>1931 IV 161</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Cf. further
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e700" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e1258" xml:lang="xpr"><lang/>
|
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<w>ni-marz-</w>
|
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|
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<gloss><q>clear</q></gloss>
|
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Ghilain"/>
|
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|
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<biblScope>53</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e717" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e1275" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
|
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|
|
<w type="rec">marz-</w> (<w>mrz-</w>) <gloss><q>rub</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e728" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e1286" xml:lang="sog"><w type="rec">wi-marz-</w> (<w>wmʼrz-</w>) <gloss><q>tear
|
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|
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off</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>take away</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>rob</q></gloss>
|
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|
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(cf. the expressive <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e745" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e1303" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
|
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|
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<w>amarzta</w>
|
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|
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<gloss><q>took away</q></gloss>,
|
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|
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<gloss><q>stole</q></gloss></mentioned>)</note></mentioned>, <w>ni-marz-</w>
|
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|
|
(<w>nmʼrz-</w>) <gloss><q>caress</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>stroke</q></gloss>
|
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|
|
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Benveniste</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_JA"/>
|
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|
|
<biblScope>1933, p. 235</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Gramm._sogd."/>
|
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|
|
<biblScope>II 19</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_TSP"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>259</biblScope></bibl>)</note>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e788" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e1346" xml:lang="sog"><w>mrznykh</w>
|
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|
|
<gloss><q><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20220624T024146+0300" comment="чистящее средство"?>cleaning
|
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|
|
agent<?oxy_comment_end ?></q></gloss>
|
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|
|
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Henning</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOS"/>
|
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|
|
<biblScope>1946 713</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e804" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e1365" xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>malys-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(← <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e504" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e1372" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">marz-</w></mentioned>)</note>
|
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|
|
<gloss><q><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20220624T024215+0300" comment="стирать"?>launder<?oxy_comment_end ?></q></gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Leumann"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>483</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e827" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e1391" xml:lang="kho"><w>nimalys</w>
|
|||
|
|
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(← <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e832" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e1396" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">ni-marz-</w></mentioned>)</note>
|
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|
|
<gloss><q><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20220624T024303+0300" comment="растирать"?>rub,
|
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|
|
massage<?oxy_comment_end ?></q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e840" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e1407" xml:lang="ira"><w>uysmalsta-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(←
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e845" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e1412" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">uz-marsta-</w></mentioned>)</note>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>trained</q></gloss></mentioned>, cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e853" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e1420" xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>marzem</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>I train</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><author>Bailey</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_TPhS">TPhS</ref>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>1956, pp. 113 ff.</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Donum_Nyberg"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>2</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e875" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e1442" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>marəz-</w>, <w>marəzaiti</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>stroke</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e885" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e1452" xml:lang="ae"><w>fra-marəz-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(= <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e890" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e1457" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>ramærzyn</w></mentioned>)</note>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>wipe out</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>clean</q></gloss></mentioned>,<note type="footnote">From the aorist stem <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e904" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e1471" xml:lang="ae"><w>marš-</w></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
of the same verb <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Benveniste</hi> derives <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e910" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e1477" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>maršākara-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>wearing out</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>making old</q></gloss></mentioned>,
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e921" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e1488" xml:lang="ae"><w>amaršant-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>impossible to wear out</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>not becoming
|
|||
|
|
old</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_MO"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>XXVI-XXVII 177—179</biblScope></bibl>).</note>
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d3019e1503"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e937" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e1504" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>marj-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e942" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e1509" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>mṛjati</w></mentioned>,
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e945" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e1512" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>mārjati</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e948" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e1515" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>marṣṭi</w></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>rub</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>clean</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e958" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e1525" xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>meržem</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>I drive out</q> (← <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">I sweep
|
|||
|
|
out</q>)</gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e970" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e1537" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>ἀμέργω</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>I pluck (leaves, fruit)</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e978" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e1545" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>mergae, -arum</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>pitchfork</q></gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(cf. for the
|
|||
|
|
semantic development Ossetic <oRef>xala-mærzæn</oRef>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>rake</q></gloss>)</note></mentioned>. <foreign>Nom. instrumenti</foreign>
|
|||
|
|
Ossetic <oRef>-mærzæn</oRef> in the second part of compounds (see above) corresponds to
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e996" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e1565" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>-mārjana-</w></mentioned> in such compounds as <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e1001" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e1571" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>sruk-sam-mārjana-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>implement for cleaning spoons</q></gloss></mentioned>. <foreign>Nom.
|
|||
|
|
actoris</foreign> Ossetic <oRef>mærzæg</oRef> correpsonds to the <lang>Scythian</lang>
|
|||
|
|
name <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3019e1012" xml:id="mentioned_d3019e1583" xml:lang="xsc"><w>Μαρζακος</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>sweeper</q></gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>173</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. — Cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kʼūxmærzæn"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kælmærzæn"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xalamærzæn"/>.<lb/><bibl>Ws. <author>Miller</author>. <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ">OÈ</ref>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>II 46, 82</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr.">Gr.</ref>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>32, 58</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>48</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
|
|||
|
|
</entry>
|
|||
|
|
</body>
|
|||
|
|
</text>
|
|||
|
|
</TEI>
|