333 lines
21 KiB
XML
333 lines
21 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">qūl</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_qūl" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
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<form xml:id="form_d877e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>qūl</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d877e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>ǧolæ</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d877e72">
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<sense xml:id="sense_d877e73">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>бабка для игры</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>bone for game</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d877e82">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>альчик</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>shagai</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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<re xml:id="re_d877e92">
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<form xml:id="form_d877e94" type="lemma"><orth>conǵy qūl</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d877e97">
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">запястье</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">wrist</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d877e110">
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<form xml:id="form_d877e112" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>qūlǵyn</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d877e115" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>ǧolgun</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d877e118">
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">снабженный шаровидными утолщениями</q>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="comment">(обычно о точеной или резной
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мебели)</note>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">equipped with spherical thickenings</q>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="comment">(usually about chiseled or
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carved furniture)</note>
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</tr>
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<re xml:id="re_qūlǵyn_avdæn">
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<form type="lemma" xml:id="form_qūlǵyn_avdæn"><orth>qūlǵyn avdæn</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_qưlǵyn_avdæn">
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">колыбель с точеными шарообразными
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утолщениями, <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">балясинами</q></q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a cradle with chiseled spherical
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thickenings, <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">balusters</q></q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d877e159">
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<form xml:id="form_d877e161" type="lemma"><orth>ǧolgun urunduq</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d877e164">
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">кровать с балясинами</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">bed with balusters</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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</sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d877e185" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">
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<oRef>ǧolgun</oRef> употребляется также в значении <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fadqūl" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><lang/>
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<w>fadqūl</w></ref>
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</note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment"><oRef>ǧolgun</oRef> is also used in the meaning of
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_fadqūl" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><lang/>
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<w>fadqūl</w></ref></note>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>щиколотка</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>ankle</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_ǧolgun">
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor" xml:id="example_ǧolgunti">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ǧolgunti wængæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" rendition="#rend_singlequotes">до
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щиколоток</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" rendition="#rend_singlequotes">up to the
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ankles</q>
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</tr>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d877e225">
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<form xml:id="form_d877e227" type="lemma"><orth>qæzænqūl</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d877e230">
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<sense xml:id="sense_d877e231">
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" rendition="#rend_doublequotes">альчик для
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игры</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" rendition="#rend_singlequotes">bone for
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game</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d877e242">
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> переносно </note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> figuratively </note>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>предмет забавы</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>the object of fun</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d877e255">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>тот, кто забавляет окружающих</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>the one who amuses others</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qazæn"/>)</note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qazæn"/>)</note>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d877e274">
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<example xml:id="example_d877e276">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Bicikʼojyl ast azy acyd, aftæ īw bon ældary
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fyrtīmæ qazydysty, æræǵiaw sæ qūltyl fæxyl sty, æmæ Bicikʼo ældary fyrty
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fænadta</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Бицико исполнилось восемь лет, когда он однажды
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играл с сыном князя; под конец они поссорились из-за альчиков и Бицико побил
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княжеского сына</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Bicico was eight years old when he once played
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with the prince’s son; in the end they quarreled over the shagais and Bicico beat
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the prince’s son</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>93</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d877e299">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dæwæn ta, ḱynʒ, fyry qūly x˳yzæn læppū
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ærbajg˳yrʒæn</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">у тебя же, молодуха, родится мальчик,
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(прелестный) как баранин альчик</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">you, a young woman, will have a boy, (adorable)
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like a ram shagai</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Arsen"/>
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<biblScope>36</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d877e322">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">tyny qūltæ swang kʼūlmæ xæccæ kodtoj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">узлы (основы) сукна доходили до самой стены</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the nodes (bases) of the cloth reached to the
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wall itself</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
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<biblScope>1961 I 35</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d877e345" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">nur biccewtaw dalæ mosi ku næbal ǧazun
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ǧolæj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">теперь я уже не играю в альчики на току, как
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ребята</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Now I no longer play shagai on the threshing
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floor, like the guys</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
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<biblScope>1958 IX 45</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d877e371" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">bæx… ajnægbæl æ ǧolgunti wængæ læwærdgæ
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ærcudæj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">конь спустился по скале, по щиколотку разрывая
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(землю)</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the horse went down the cliff, tearing (the
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ground) ankle-deep</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
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<biblScope>II 104</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d877e398" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">seʒærtæ ǧolgun sirej diviltuǧd…</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">сироты (лежат) на точеной скамье, закутанные в
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лохмотья…</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">orphans (lying) on a chiseled bench, wrapped in
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rags…</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Sam."/>
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<biblScope>115</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">От сближения с <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d877e602" xml:id="mentioned_d877e427" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>gola-</w>
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<gloss><q>шарик</q></gloss>
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|
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr.">Вс. <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Миллер</hi>. Gr.</ref>
|
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|
|
<biblScope>36</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned> придется отказаться, так как
|
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|
|
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d877e618" xml:id="mentioned_d877e447" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>gola-</w></mentioned>, по-видимому, дравидийского происхождения
|
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|
|
(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOS"><hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Kuiper</hi>, BSOS</ref>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>1941 IX 1000—1001</biblScope></bibl>). На иранской почве ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d877e629" xml:id="mentioned_d877e458" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
|
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|
|
<w>gūla</w>, <w>gulūla</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>шар</q>, <q>мяч</q>, <q>клубок</q>, <q>кокон</q></gloss></mentioned>,
|
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|
|
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d877e645" xml:id="mentioned_d877e474" xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>gulōk</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>шар</q></gloss>, <w>gulur</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>круглый</q></gloss></mentioned> (проблематичные этимологии этих слов см.:
|
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|
|
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Horn._Gr."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>207</biblScope></bibl>.— <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._PSt."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>94—95</biblScope></bibl>). Ср. далее <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d877e669" xml:id="mentioned_d877e498" xml:lang="ru-x-dial"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>гуля</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d877e674" xml:id="mentioned_d877e503" xml:lang="non"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>kūla</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>шишка</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d877e682" xml:id="mentioned_d877e511" xml:lang="no-x-dial"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>kūla</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>шишка</q>, <q>шар</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d877e692" xml:id="mentioned_d877e521" xml:lang="sv"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>kula</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>шишка</q>, <q>шар</q></gloss>, а также <gloss><q>партия в
|
|||
|
|
игре</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d877e706" xml:id="mentioned_d877e535" xml:lang="gmh"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>kūle</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>шишка</q>, <q>утолщение</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d877e716" xml:id="mentioned_d877e545" xml:lang="gmh"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>kūle</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>шар</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d877e724" xml:id="mentioned_d877e553" xml:lang="de"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>Keule</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>дубина</q></gloss> (= палка с утолщением на конце)</mentioned>. К осетинскому
|
|||
|
|
примыкают некоторые факты в кавказских языках: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d877e733" xml:id="mentioned_d877e562" xml:lang="inh"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>gholg</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d877e738" xml:id="mentioned_d877e567" xml:lang="abq"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>qual</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>бабка</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d877e746" xml:id="mentioned_d877e575" xml:lang="ka-x-mokhev"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>ǧoli</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>узел пряжи</q></gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Груз._диал._I"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>564</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СЕИ"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>20</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
|
|||
|
|
<etym xml:lang="en">We should refuse the idea of bringing the word closer to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d877e427" xml:id="mentioned_d877e602" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>gola-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>little ball</q></gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>36</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, because <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d877e447" xml:id="mentioned_d877e618" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>gola-</w></mentioned>, is apparently of Dravidian origin (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOS"><hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Kuiper</hi>, BSOS</ref>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>1941 IX 1000—1001</biblScope></bibl>). Cf. the following words in Iranian
|
|||
|
|
languages: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d877e458" xml:id="mentioned_d877e629" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>gūla</w>, <w>gulūla</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>balloon</q>, <q>ball</q>, <q>tangle</q>, <q>cocoon</q></gloss></mentioned>,
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d877e474" xml:id="mentioned_d877e645" xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>gulōk</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>ball</q></gloss>, <w>gulur</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>round</q></gloss></mentioned> (see problematic etymologies of these words:
|
|||
|
|
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Horn._Gr."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>207</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._PSt."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>94—95</biblScope></bibl>). Cf. further <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d877e498" xml:id="mentioned_d877e669" xml:lang="ru-x-dial"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>gulja</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d877e503" xml:id="mentioned_d877e674" xml:lang="non"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>kūla</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>cone</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d877e511" xml:id="mentioned_d877e682" xml:lang="no-x-dial"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>kūla</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>cone</q>, <q>ball</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d877e521" xml:id="mentioned_d877e692" xml:lang="sv"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>kula</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>cone</q>, <q>ball</q></gloss>, and also <gloss><q>party in the
|
|||
|
|
game</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d877e535" xml:id="mentioned_d877e706" xml:lang="gmh"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>kūle</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>cone</q>, <q>thickening</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d877e545" xml:id="mentioned_d877e716" xml:lang="gmh"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>kūle</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>ball</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d877e553" xml:id="mentioned_d877e724" xml:lang="de"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>Keule</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>cudgel</q></gloss> (= a stick with a thickening at the end)</mentioned>. Some
|
|||
|
|
facts in the Caucasian languages are close to Ossetic: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d877e562" xml:id="mentioned_d877e733" xml:lang="inh"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>gholg</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d877e567" xml:id="mentioned_d877e738" xml:lang="abq"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>qual</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>shagai</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d877e575" xml:id="mentioned_d877e746" xml:lang="ka-x-mokhev"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>ǧoli</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>yarn knot</q></gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Груз._диал._I"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>564</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СЕИ"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>20</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
|
|||
|
|
</entry>
|
|||
|
|
</body>
|
|||
|
|
</text>
|
|||
|
|
</TEI>
|