194 lines
18 KiB
XML
194 lines
18 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ræxsyn</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_ræxsyn" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
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<form xml:id="form_d5840e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>ræxsyn</orth><form xml:id="form_d5840e68" type="participle"><orth>ræxsad</orth></form></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d5840e71" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>ræxsun</orth><form xml:id="form_d5840e73" type="participle"><orth>ræxsad</orth></form><form xml:id="form_d5840e75" type="variant"><orth>ræxæssun</orth><form xml:id="form_d5840e77" type="participle"><orth>ræxast</orth></form></form></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5840e80" n="1"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>плести ремешками подошву горной обуви <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærḱʼī"><w>ærḱʼī</w></ref></q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>weave the soles of mountain shoes <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærḱʼī"><w>ærḱʼī</w></ref> with straps</q>
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</abv:tr><?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220420T092651+0300" comment="так ок?"?><note type="comment">(<ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærḱʼī"><w>ærḱʼī</w></ref>
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<oRef>ræxsyn</oRef> | <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærḱʼī"><w>ærkʼe</w></ref>
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<oRef>ræxsun</oRef>); </note><?oxy_comment_end ?><re xml:id="re_d5840e124">
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<form xml:id="form_d5840e126" type="lemma"><orth>ræxsæn</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5840e129">
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ремешок, которым плетут <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærḱʼī"><w>ærḱʼī</w></ref></q>
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</tr><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the strap with which <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærḱʼī"><w>ærḱʼī</w></ref> is woven</q>
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</tr></sense>
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</re><re xml:id="re_d5840e154" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<form xml:id="form_d5840e156" type="lemma"><usg><lang/></usg><orth>ræxsgæ</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_re_d5840e154"><def xml:lang="ru">в охотничьем языке = <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærḱʼī"><w>ærkʼe</w></ref></def><def xml:lang="en">in hunters’ language = <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærḱʼī"><w>ærkʼe</w></ref></def></sense>
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</re></sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5840e171" n="2"><sense xml:id="sense_d5840e172"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>прошивать крупными стежками</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>stitch with large stitches</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d5840e181"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>метать</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>baste</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d5840e190"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>прошивать предварительно</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>stich preliminarily</q>
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</abv:tr><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (для примерки и пр.)</note><note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (for fitting, etc.)</note></sense></sense>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d5840e204" n="1">
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<example xml:id="example_d5840e206">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ærḱʼī <oRef>ræxsyn</oRef> næ zonyn</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">я не умею плести (подошву) <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærḱʼī"><w>ærḱʼī</w></ref></q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I do not know how to weave (the sole of) <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærḱʼī"><w>ærḱʼī</w></ref></q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/>
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<biblScope>16</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d5840e235">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">fæjjaw je ʽrḱʼītæ <oRef>ræxsy</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">пастух плетет свои <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærḱʼī"><w>ærḱʼī</w></ref></q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the shepherd is weaveing his <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærḱʼī"><w>ærḱʼī</w></ref></q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Niger"/>
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<biblScope>92</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d5840e263" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æ duwwæ ærkʼej ængon
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<oRef>ræxsad</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">его два <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærḱʼī"><w>ærḱʼe</w></ref> плотно переплетены</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">his two <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærḱʼī"><w>ærḱʼe</w></ref> are
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<?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220610T165623+0300" comment="?"?>tightly<?oxy_comment_end ?>
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woven</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_DZ"/>
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<biblScope>8</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d5840e300" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>ræxsgitæj</oRef> dær rævʒæ næ
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dæn</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">и обувью <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærḱʼī"><w>ærḱʼe</w></ref> я не обеспечен</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">and I am not provided with <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærḱʼī"><w>ærḱʼe</w></ref> shoes</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_DZ"/>
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<biblScope>162</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d5840e334" n="2">
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<example xml:id="example_d5840e336">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">k˳yræt! yskarston æmæ jæ
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<oRef>baræxsadton</oRef>, fælæ x˳yd næma ū</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">выкроила и сметала бешмет, но он еще не
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сшит</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I cut out and
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<?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220610T165714+0300" comment="?"?>basted<?oxy_comment_end ?>
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a beshmet, but it has not yet been sewn</q>
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</tr>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">При этимологическом истолковании этого глагола следует исходить из формы
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д. <oRef>ræxæssun</oRef> как фонетически более полной, а формы <oRef>ræxsyn</oRef> |
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<oRef>ræxsun</oRef> рассматривать как вторичные, стяженные. Обратное развитие, от
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<?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220420T093528+0300" comment="просто w ok?"?><w>ræxs-</w><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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к <w>ræxæss-</w>, представляется невероятным; ср. отношение иронской и дигорской формы в
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_axsyn_1"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">axsyn</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">axæssun</w>
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<gloss><q>ловить</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_nyxsyn"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">nyxsyn</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">nixæssun</w>
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<gloss><q>вязнуть</q></gloss></ref>. Основа <w>ræxæss-</w> возводится к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5840e574" xml:id="mentioned_d5840e396" xml:lang="ira"><?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220420T093931+0300" comment="иран?"?><w type="rec">fra-karš-</w><?oxy_comment_end ?></mentioned>, от <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5840e580" xml:id="mentioned_d5840e402" xml:lang="ira"><w>karš-</w>
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<gloss><q>тянуть</q></gloss></mentioned> и пр. Стало быть, точное значение глагола —
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<q>протягивать (нить через ткань, ремешок через <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærḱʼī"><w>ærḱʼī</w></ref>)</q>; для семантики ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5840e592" xml:id="mentioned_d5840e415" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
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<w>trahere</w>
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<gloss><q>тянуть</q></gloss> и <gloss><q>стягивать (шнур, завязку,
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перевязь)</q></gloss></mentioned>, например <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5840e603" xml:id="mentioned_d5840e426" xml:lang="la"><phr>vincia galeae trahere</phr>
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<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">стягивать завязку
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шлема</q></gloss></mentioned>. Неясной остается при этом форма прош. причастия и.
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<oRef>ræxsad</oRef>; нормально — <w>ræxast</w> из <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5840e615" xml:id="mentioned_d5840e437" xml:lang="ira"><?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220420T093931+0300" comment="иран?"?><w type="rec">frakṛšta-</w><?oxy_comment_end ?></mentioned>, может быть,
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<oRef>ræxsad</oRef> по аналогии с <w>æxsad</w> от <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7xsyn"><w>æxsyn</w> (<w>ᵆxsyn</w>) <gloss><q>мыть</q></gloss></ref>. Глагольная основа
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5840e633" xml:id="mentioned_d5840e456" xml:lang="ira"><w>karš-</w></mentioned>, наличная также в д. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xærsun"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xæssyn"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">xæssyn</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">xæssun</w>
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<gloss><q>нести</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_īvxærsyn"><w>īvxærsyn</w>
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<gloss><q>переправлять</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_nyxsyn"><w>nyxsyn</w>
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<gloss><q>вязнуть</q></gloss></ref>, с уверенностью распознается только в индоиранских
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языках; ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5840e660" xml:id="mentioned_d5840e483" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>kašīdan</w>
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<gloss><q>тянуть</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>протягивать</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>проволакивать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5840e674" xml:id="mentioned_d5840e497" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>karš-</w>
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<gloss><q>тянуть</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>тащить</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AiW"/>
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<biblScope>456</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5840e694" xml:id="mentioned_d5840e516" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>karṣ-</w>, <w>karṣati</w></mentioned> id. Дальнейшие соответствия см. под <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xæssyn"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xærsun"/>, а также
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_īvxærsyn"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_nyxsyn"/>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">In the etymological interpretation of this verb, one should proceed from
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the Digor form <oRef>ræxæssun</oRef> as more
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<?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220610T165759+0300" comment="?"?>full<?oxy_comment_end ?>
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phonetically, and forms <oRef>ræxsyn</oRef> | <oRef>ræxsun</oRef> should be considered as
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secondary, contracted. The reverse development, from
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<?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220420T093528+0300" comment="просто w ok?"?><w>ræxs-</w><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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to <w>ræxæss-</w>, seems incredible; cf. the relation of the Iron and Digor forms in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_axsyn_1"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">axsyn</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">axæssun</w>
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<gloss><q>catch</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_nyxsyn"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">nyxsyn</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">nixæssun</w>
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<gloss><q>sink in</q></gloss></ref>. The stem <w>ræxæss-</w> is traced back to
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5840e396" xml:id="mentioned_d5840e574" xml:lang="ira"><?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220420T093931+0300" comment="иран?"?><w type="rec">fra-karš-</w><?oxy_comment_end ?></mentioned>, from <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5840e402" xml:id="mentioned_d5840e580" xml:lang="ira"><w>karš-</w>
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<gloss><q>pull</q></gloss></mentioned> etc. Therefore, the exact meaning of the verb is
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to <q>stretch (a thread through the fabric, a strap through <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærḱʼī"><w>ærḱʼī</w></ref>)</q>; as for the semantics, cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5840e415" xml:id="mentioned_d5840e592" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
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<w>trahere</w>
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<gloss><q>pull</q></gloss> and <gloss><q>tighten (cord, tie,
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sling)</q></gloss></mentioned>, for example, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5840e426" xml:id="mentioned_d5840e603" xml:lang="la"><phr>vincia galeae trahere</phr>
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<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">tighten the tie of the
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helmet</q></gloss></mentioned>. At the same time, the Iron form of the past participle
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<oRef>ræxsad</oRef> remains unclear; the normal form is <w>ræxast</w> from <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5840e437" xml:id="mentioned_d5840e615" xml:lang="ira"><?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220420T093931+0300" comment="иран?"?><w type="rec">frakṛšta-</w><?oxy_comment_end ?></mentioned>, perhaps <oRef>ræxsad</oRef>
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is by analogy with <w>æxsad</w> from <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7xsyn"><w>æxsyn</w>
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(<w>ᵆxsyn</w>) <gloss><q>wash</q></gloss></ref>. The verb stem <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5840e456" xml:id="mentioned_d5840e633" xml:lang="ira"><w>karš-</w></mentioned>, which is also present in Digor <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xærsun"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xæssyn"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">xæssyn</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">xæssun</w>
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<gloss><q>carry</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_īvxærsyn"><w>īvxærsyn</w>
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<gloss><q>pass</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_nyxsyn"><w>nyxsyn</w>
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<gloss><q>sink in</q></gloss></ref>, is recognized with certainty only in Indo-Iranian
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languages; cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5840e483" xml:id="mentioned_d5840e660" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>kašīdan</w>
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<gloss><q>pull</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>stretch</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>stretch
|
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out</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5840e497" xml:id="mentioned_d5840e674" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>karš-</w>
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<gloss><q>pull</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>drag</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AiW"/>
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<biblScope>456</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5840e516" xml:id="mentioned_d5840e694" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>karṣ-</w>, <w>karṣati</w></mentioned> id. For further correspondences, see under <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xæssyn"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xærsun"/>, and also
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_īvxærsyn"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_nyxsyn"/>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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