276 lines
21 KiB
XML
276 lines
21 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">skællad</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_skællad" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
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<form xml:id="form_d1365e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>skællad</orth><form type="variant" subtype="parens"><orth>sgællad</orth></form></form>
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<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>æskælladæ</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d1365e69">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>сукно фабричное</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>factory made cloth</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">, в отличие от домашнего <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tyn_2"/></note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">, unlike home made <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tyn_2"/></note>
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</sense>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">cʼæxcʼæxid <oRef>skælladaw</oRef> aly kʼ˳ypp,
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aly ʒyqq jæxī sfælyndy</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(весной) каждый бугорок, каждая впадина как бы
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одеваются в ярко-зеленое сукно</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">in the spring, every bump, every hollow seems
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to be dressed in bright green cloth</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>69</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">walʒæg wydīs, æmæ bæstæ kærdægæj cʼæx
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<oRef>skælladaw</oRef> særttyvta</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">была весна, и все вокруг от (молодой) травы
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заблестело, как зеленое сукно</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">it was spring, and everything around shone like
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green cloth because of new grass</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>8</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">iskodta saw <oRef>æskælladæ</oRef> coqa, æ
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naræg astæw ba balvasta suǧzærīnæ doni tuld ævzestæ ronæj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">он надел черкеску из черного сукна, тонкую
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талию стянул позолоченным серебряным поясом</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he put on a chokha made of black cloth, tied
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his thin waist with a gilded silver belt</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
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<biblScope>1949 II 31</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æ priska <oRef>æskælladæ</oRef> coqa
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dæltæ-wæltæ bafexsudæj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">его черкеска из фряжского (= итальянского,
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генуэзского)<note xml:lang="ru" type="footnote"><mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>Priska</w></mentioned>, вероятно, заимствовано из <mentioned xml:lang="orv"><lang/>
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<w>фряский</w> (<w>фряская</w>) <gloss><q>итальянский</q>,
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<q>французский</q></gloss></mentioned> и означает собственно <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">франкский</q> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Vasmer._REW"/>
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<biblScope>III 219</biblScope></bibl>); ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_færīnk"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_prang"/>. Однако
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начальный <c>p</c> предполагает <lang>русское</lang> диалектное <mentioned xml:lang="ru-x-dial"><w>пряск-</w></mentioned>.</note> сукна истрепалась</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><note xml:lang="ru" type="footnote"><mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>Priska</w></mentioned>, вероятно, заимствовано из <mentioned xml:lang="orv"><lang/>
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<w>фряский</w> (<w>фряская</w>) <gloss><q>итальянский</q>,
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<q>французский</q></gloss></mentioned> и означает собственно <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">франкский</q> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Vasmer._REW"/>
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<biblScope>III 219</biblScope></bibl>); ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_færīnk"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_prang"/>. Однако
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начальный <c>p</c> предполагает <lang>русское</lang> диалектное <mentioned xml:lang="ru-x-dial"><w>пряск-</w></mentioned>.</note>his chokha made of Frank
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(= Italian, Genoese)<note xml:lang="en" type="footnote"><mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>Priska</w></mentioned>, is probably borrowed from <mentioned xml:lang="orv"><lang/>
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<w>fryaskij</w> (<w>fryaskaja</w>) <gloss><q>Italian</q>,
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<q>French</q></gloss></mentioned> and means actually <q rendition="#rend_singlequotes">Franck</q> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Vasmer._REW"/>
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<biblScope>III 219</biblScope></bibl>); cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_færīnk"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_prang"/>. However, the
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initial <c>p</c> assumes <lang>Russian</lang> dialectal <mentioned xml:lang="ru-x-dial"><w>pryask-</w></mentioned>.</note> cloth was worn out</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
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<biblScope>II 67</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">kenaf ci <oRef>skælladæbæl</oRef> baftawuncæ,
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e læwondær razinnuj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">сукно, к которому прибавляют кенаф, оказывается
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прочнее</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">cloth, to which kenaf is added, turns out to be
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stronger</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_FS"/>
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<biblScope>V 44</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>æskælladægænæn</oRef> fabriktæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">суконные фабрики</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">cloth factories</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_FS"/>
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<biblScope>V 44</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>skarlat</w></mentioned> (с
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ассимиляцией <c>rl</c> → <c>ll</c>}. Странствующее слово, по всей вероятности восточного
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происхождения. Широко представлено в языках Кавказа и Европы. На Кавказе: <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
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<w>skʼalatʼi</w>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Чубинов"/>
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<biblScope>1186</biblScope></bibl>)</note>, <w>skʼlatʼi</w>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Груз._сл."/>
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<biblScope>VI 1115</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Груз._диал._I"/>
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<biblScope>557</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xmf"><lang/>
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<w>skʼalatʼi</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sva"><lang/>
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<w>sgalät</w>
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<gloss><q>сукно</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><lang/>
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<w>əsxarla</w>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Материалы"/>
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<biblScope>174</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kum"><lang/>
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<w>isxarla</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ce"><lang/>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(из <lang>кумыкского</lang>)</note>
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<w>isxar</w>
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<gloss><q>сукно фабричное</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Мациев"/>
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<biblScope>199</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inh"><lang/>
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<w>isxali</w>
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<gloss><q>сукно</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Генко</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ЗКВ"/>
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<biblScope>V 755</biblScope></bibl>)</note>, <gloss><q>бумазея</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><title>Инг.-чеч.-русск. сл.</title>
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<pubPlace>Грозный</pubPlace>, <date>1962</date>, <biblScope>стр.
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83</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. В Европе:
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<?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20221002T191839+0300" comment="NB"?><mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang>позднелат.</lang>
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<w>scarlatum</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?>, <mentioned xml:lang="it"><lang/>
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<w>scarlatto</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="oc"><lang/>
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<w>escarlat</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fr"><lang>фр.</lang>
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<w>écarlate</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="es" extralang="pt"><lang/>
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<w>escarlata</w>
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<gloss><q>пурпурная ткань</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="non"><lang/>
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<w>skarlat</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="en"><lang/>
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<w>scarlet</w>
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<gloss><q>алый цвет</q>, <q>ткань алого цвета</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="gmh"><lang/>
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<w>scharlāt</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
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<w>Scharlach</w>
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<gloss><q>пурпурная ткань</q></gloss>, а также <gloss><q>пурпурная
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краска</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>скарлат</w>,<note xml:lang="ru" type="footnote"><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Древнерусское <mentioned xml:lang="orv"><w>скорлатъ</w></mentioned> обозначало сорт
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сукна, видимо красного цвета</q> (<bibl><bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Лукина</author>.
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<title>Названия тканей в памятниках древнерусской письменности XI— XIV
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вв.</title>
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<?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20221002T192451+0300" comment="какой тег?"?>В
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сб.: <?oxy_comment_end ?>Этимология 70, <pubPlace>М.</pubPlace>, <date>1972</date>,
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<biblScope>стр. 247</biblScope></bibl></bibl>).</note></mentioned>
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<mentioned xml:lang="pl"><lang/>
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<w>szkarłat</w>
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<gloss><q>вид сукна</q></gloss></mentioned>. Первоисточник видят в <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>saq̱irāṯ</w>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(рядом с <w>saq̱lāṯūn</w>)</note>
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<gloss><q>дорогая шерстяная ткань красного или синего цвета</q></gloss></mentioned>.
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Звуковые отношения требуют уточнения. <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Pers.
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<emph>saq̱irāṯ</emph> kann nicht die Grundlage der romanischen Wörter sein, sondern
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ist selber entlehnt; Umgestaltung aus arab., pers, saqlat, isqlātūn <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">schwerer, farbiger Seidenstoff</q>, Nebenform zu
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siqla<?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230129T131523+0300" comment="это случайность или правда такая буква?"?>ṯ<?oxy_comment_end ?>,
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ist möglich, doch bedürfen die lautlichen Veränderungen noch genauerer Erklärung</q>
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(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Meyer-Lübke"/>
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<biblScope>634</biblScope></bibl>). Cp.: <bibl><author>Littmann</author>.
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<title>Morgenländische Wörter im Deutschen. 2 изд</title>.
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<pubPlace>Tübingen</pubPlace>, <date>1924</date>, <biblScope>стр.
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114</biblScope></bibl>. — Добавим, что от этого слова происходит и название <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><w>скарлатина</w></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="it"><lang/>
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<w>scarlatina</w></mentioned>), так как болезнь характеризуется красной сыпью.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Goes back to <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>skarlat</w></mentioned> (with
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assimilation <c>rl</c> → <c>ll</c>). A wandering word, probably of Eastern origin. It is
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widely represented in the languages of the Caucasus and Europe. In the languages of
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Caucasus: <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
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<w>skʼalatʼi</w>
|
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Чубинов"/>
|
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|
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<biblScope>1186</biblScope></bibl>)</note>, <w>skʼlatʼi</w>
|
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|
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Груз._сл."/>
|
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|
|
<biblScope>VI 1115</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Груз._диал._I"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>557</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xmf"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>skʼalatʼi</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sva"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>sgalät</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>fabric</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>əsxarla</w>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Материалы"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>174</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kum"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>isxarla</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ce"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(from <lang>Kumyk</lang>)</note>
|
|||
|
|
<w>isxar</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>factory made cloth</q></gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Мациев"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>199</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inh"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>isxali</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>cloth</q></gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><bibl xml:lang="en"><author>Genko</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ЗКВ"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>V 755</biblScope></bibl></bibl>)</note>,
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>bombasine</q></gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><bibl xml:lang="en"><title>Ingush-Chechen-Russian
|
|||
|
|
Dictionary</title>
|
|||
|
|
<pubPlace>Grozny</pubPlace>, <date>1962</date>, <biblScope>p.
|
|||
|
|
83</biblScope></bibl></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. In Europe:
|
|||
|
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20221002T191839+0300" comment="NB"?><mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang>Late Latin</lang>
|
|||
|
|
<w>scarlatum</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?>, <mentioned xml:lang="it"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>scarlatto</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="oc"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>escarlat</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fr"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>écarlate</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="es" extralang="pt"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>escarlata</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>purple fabric</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="non"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>skarlat</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="en"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>scarlet</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>scarlet fabric</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="gmh"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>scharlāt</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>Scharlach</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>scarlet fabric</q></gloss>, and also <gloss><q>purple
|
|||
|
|
paint</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>skarlat</w>,<note xml:lang="en" type="footnote"><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Old
|
|||
|
|
Russian <mentioned xml:lang="orv"><w>skorlatъ</w></mentioned> denoted a sort of
|
|||
|
|
cloth, apparently red in colour</q> (<bibl><bibl xml:lang="en"><author>Lukina</author>. <title>The names of fabrics in the monuments of
|
|||
|
|
ancient Russian writing of the XI— XIV centuries.</title>
|
|||
|
|
In<?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20221002T192451+0300" comment="какой тег?"?>:
|
|||
|
|
<?oxy_comment_end ?>Etymology 70, <pubPlace>Moscow</pubPlace>, <date>1972</date>,
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>p. 247</biblScope></bibl></bibl>).</note></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned xml:lang="pl"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>szkarłat</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>kind of cloth</q></gloss></mentioned>. The origin is seen in <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>saq̱irāṯ</w>
|
|||
|
|
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(near <w>saq̱lāṯūn</w>)</note>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>expensive woolen fabric of red or blue colour</q></gloss></mentioned>. Sound
|
|||
|
|
relations need to be clarified. <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Pers.
|
|||
|
|
<emph>saq̱irāṯ</emph> kann nicht die Grundlage der romanischen Wörter sein, sondern
|
|||
|
|
ist selber entlehnt; Umgestaltung aus arab., pers, saqlat, isqlātūn <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">schwerer, farbiger Seidenstoff</q>, Nebenform zu
|
|||
|
|
siqla<?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230129T131523+0300" comment="это случайность или правда такая буква?"?>ṯ<?oxy_comment_end ?>,
|
|||
|
|
ist möglich, doch bedürfen die lautlichen Veränderungen noch genauerer Erklärung</q>
|
|||
|
|
(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Meyer-Lübke"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>634</biblScope></bibl>). Cf.: <bibl><author>Littmann</author>.
|
|||
|
|
<title>Morgenländische Wörter im Deutschen. 2 edition</title>.
|
|||
|
|
<pubPlace>Tübingen</pubPlace>, <date>1924</date>, <biblScope>p.
|
|||
|
|
114</biblScope></bibl>. — We will also add that the name <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><w>skarlatina</w></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="it"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>scarlatina</w></mentioned>) comes from this word, since the disease is characterized
|
|||
|
|
by a red rash.</etym>
|
|||
|
|
</entry>
|
|||
|
|
</body>
|
|||
|
|
</text>
|
|||
|
|
</TEI>
|