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abaev-xml/entries/abaev_sondon.xml

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2025-03-21 13:42:40 +03:00
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">sondon</hi></title>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
<tagsDecl>
<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
</tagsDecl>
</encodingDesc>
</teiHeader>
<text>
<body>
<entry xml:id="entry_sondon" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
<form xml:id="form_d4235e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>sondon</orth></form>
<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>sæwændonæ</orth></form>
<sense>
<sense xml:id="sense_d4235e69">
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>сера</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>brimstone</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
<sense>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>Sulfur</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>Sulfur</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
</sense>
<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Tæmiskʼy swærttæ <oRef>sondony</oRef> tæf
kænync</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">минеральные источники Тамиска пахнут серой</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the mineral springs of Tamisk smell of
suphfur</q>
</tr>
</example>
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">cæmæj sæjgæ æ sajtæntti næmttæ zæǧa, oj
tuxxæj in... <oRef>sæwændoni</oRef> smag æ fijmæ darun bajdajuncæ</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">чтобы (душевно) больной назвал имена
(вселившихся в него) бесов, его заставляют дышать серными испарениями (<q>держат у
носа серный запах</q>)</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">in order for a (mentally ill) patient to name
the names of demons (that possessed him), he is forced to breathe sulphur vapors
(<q>they keep a
<?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230204T092447+0300" comment="????"?>sulphur
smell<?oxy_comment_end ?> at the nose</q>)</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Bes._Ka_ke"/>
<biblScope>42</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ærzæt ami tævdæ kænuncæ, cæmæj æ læǧuz gaztæ
(<oRef>sæwændonæ</oRef> æma ænd.) raxecæn woncæ</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">здесь руду нагревают, чтобы дурные газы (сера и
др.) отделились</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">here the ore is heated so that bad gases
(sulphur, etc.) are separated</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_FS"/>
<biblScope>V 95</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">kaučuk æxwædæg sansi xuzæn fæwwuj, fal ʒī
ʒawmaw cæmæj kænoncæ oj tuxxæj æj <oRef>sæwændoni</oRef> xæccæ xælæmulæ
kænuncæ</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">каучук сам напоминает клей, но чтобы
изготовлять из него вещи (изделия), его смешивают с серой</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">rubber itself resembles glue, but in order to
make things (products) of it, it is mixed with sulphur</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_FS"/>
<biblScope>V 120</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
</exampleGrp>
<etym xml:lang="ru">Сложение <w>sæwæn</w>-<w>donæ</w>
<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">содержащий (<mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>donæ</w></mentioned>) материал для горения (<mentioned xml:lang="os-x-digor"><w>sæwæn</w></mentioned>)</q>.<note xml:lang="ru" type="footnote">У Вс.
<name>Миллера</name> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сл."/></bibl>) дан перевод
<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">серный источник</q>; при этом во второй части
усматривается <ref type="xr" target="#entry_don_1"><w>don</w>
<q>вода</q></ref>. Но это ошибка: вода в дигорском — <mentioned xml:lang="os-x-digor"><w>don</w></mentioned>, а не <w>donæ</w>.</note> Первая часть (<mentioned xml:lang="os-x-digor"><w>sæwæn</w></mentioned>) содержит тот же корень <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>su-</w>, <w>sav-</w>
<gloss><q>огонь</q>, <q>гореть</q></gloss></mentioned>, который наличен в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sūʒyn"><w>sūʒyn</w>
<q>гореть</q></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sūg"><w>sūg</w>
<q>дрова</q>
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">материал для
горения</q>)</note></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sæw-"><w>sæw</w>
<q>утро</q></ref>, — и, стало быть, возводится к <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">sava-na-</w></mentioned>. Ср. по образованию и значению <mentioned xml:lang="sa-vaidika"><lang/>
<w>ṡo-ṇa-</w>
<gloss><q>огненный</q>, <q>огненного цвета</q></gloss></mentioned>. Эту же базу с
формантом <m>-ka-</m> (<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">sava-ka-</w></mentioned>,
<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">sau-ka-</w></mentioned>) мы находим в <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
<w>sao-k-ənt-a-</w>
<gloss><q>сера</q></gloss> (<w>saokəntavant-</w>
<gloss><q>содержащий серу</q></gloss>)</mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal-x-pazend"><lang/>
<w>sawagand</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
<w>saugand</w> в выражении <phr><w>saugand</w>
<w>xurdan</w></phr>
<gloss><q>клясться</q></gloss>, буквально <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">пить
серу</q></gloss>
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(при испытании в ордалии)</note>
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AiW"/>
<biblScope>1550</biblScope></bibl>)</note>.<note xml:lang="ru" type="footnote">Об <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">испытании</q> серной водой и других видах ордалий
повествует Saugandnāmah (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_GIPh."/>
<biblScope>II 124</biblScope></bibl>). Ср. использование серы при <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">лечении</q> душевных болезней у осетин.</note></mentioned> Этимологическая связь <q>серы</q> с <q>огнем</q>,
<q>горением</q> распознается и в некоторых других языках: <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
<w>Schwefel</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de-x-dial"><lang>(диал.)</lang>
<w>Schwelfel</w>
<gloss><q>сера</q></gloss></mentioned> при <mentioned xml:lang="ang"><lang/>
<w>swelan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
<w>-schwelen</w>
<gloss><q>медленно гореть</q>, <q>тлеть</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
<w>svelti</w> id. <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Schrader"/>
<biblScope>II 359</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. — Для второй части см.
<ref type="xr" target="#entry_-don_2"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">-don</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">-donæ</w></ref>. — <mentioned xml:lang="inh"><lang>Инг.</lang>
<w>sangal</w>
<gloss><q>сера</q></gloss></mentioned>, несмотря на изменение звукового облика, нельзя,
видимо, отделять от <lang>ос.</lang>
<oRef/>.</etym>
<etym xml:lang="en">Compound from <w>sæwæn</w>-<w>donæ</w>
<q rendition="#rend_singlequotes">containing (<mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>donæ</w></mentioned>) material for burning (<mentioned xml:lang="os-x-digor"><w>sæwæn</w></mentioned>)</q>.<note type="footnote">Ws. <name>Miller</name>
(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сл."/></bibl>) gave a translation <q rendition="#rend_singlequotes">sulphur
<?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230204T092735+0300" comment="spring?"?>source<?oxy_comment_end ?></q>;
at the same time he sees <ref type="xr" target="#entry_don_1"><w>don</w>
<q>water</q></ref>. But it is a mistake: water in Digor is <mentioned xml:lang="os-x-digor"><w>don</w></mentioned>, and not <w>donæ</w>.</note> The fisrt
part (<mentioned xml:lang="os-x-digor"><w>sæwæn</w></mentioned>) contains the same stem
<mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>su-</w>, <w>sav-</w>
<gloss><q>fire</q>, <q>burn</q></gloss></mentioned>, that is found in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sūʒyn"><w>sūʒyn</w>
<q>burn</q></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sūg"><w>sūg</w>
<q>firewood</q>
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(<q rendition="#rend_singlequotes">material for burning</q>)</note></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sæw-"><w>sæw</w>
<q>morning</q></ref>, — and, therefore, goes back to <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">sava-na-</w></mentioned>. Cf. by the derivation patter and the semantics
<mentioned xml:lang="sa-vaidika"><lang/>
<w>ṡo-ṇa-</w>
<gloss><q>flaming</q>, <q>of flaming colour</q></gloss></mentioned>. The same stem with
the formant <m>-ka-</m> (<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">sava-ka-</w></mentioned>,
<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">sau-ka-</w></mentioned>) is attested in
<mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
<w>sao-k-ənt-a-</w>
<gloss><q>sulphur</q></gloss> (<w>saokəntavant-</w>
<gloss><q>containig sulphur</q></gloss>)</mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal-x-pazend"><lang/>
<w>sawagand</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
<w>saugand</w> in the expression <phr><w>saugand</w>
<w>xurdan</w></phr>
<gloss><q>swear</q></gloss>, literally <gloss><q rendition="#rend_singlequotes">drink
sulphur</q></gloss>
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(while trials by ordeal)</note>
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AiW"/>
<biblScope>1550</biblScope></bibl>)</note>.<note xml:lang="en" type="footnote">Saugandnāmah (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_GIPh."/>
<biblScope>II 124</biblScope></bibl>) tells about the trial of sulphur water and
other types of ordeal. Cf. the use of sulphur for <q rendition="#rend_singlequotes">curing</q> mental illnesses among Ossetians.</note></mentioned> Etymological
connection between <q>sulphur</q> and <q>fire</q>, <q>burning</q> is found in some other
languages: <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
<w>Schwefel</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de-x-dial"><lang/>
<w>Schwelfel</w>
<gloss><q>sulphur</q></gloss></mentioned> and <mentioned xml:lang="ang"><lang/>
<w>swelan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
<w>-schwelen</w>
<gloss><q>burn slowly</q>, <q>smolder</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
<w>svelti</w> id. <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Schrader"/>
<biblScope>II 359</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. — For the second part see
<ref type="xr" target="#entry_-don_2"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">-don</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">-donæ</w></ref>. — <mentioned xml:lang="inh"><lang/>
<w>sangal</w>
<gloss><q>sulphur</q></gloss></mentioned>, is not separable from <lang>Ossetic</lang>
<oRef/> despite the sound changes.</etym>
</entry>
</body>
</text>
</TEI>
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