159 lines
10 KiB
XML
159 lines
10 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">syfc</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_syfc" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="russian-questions">
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<form xml:id="form_d1082e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>syfc</orth></form>
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<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>sufcæ</orth><form type="variant"><orth>sifcæ</orth></form></form>
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<re>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> в выражениях </note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> in expressions </note>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>syfcæj lasyn</orth><form type="variant"><orth>asyfc
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kænyn</orth></form></form>
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<sense>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">тащить волоком</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">drag</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">переносно также </note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">figuratively also </note>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>брать на буксир</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>take in tow</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">qædtæ godajyl <oRef>syfcæj</oRef>
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lastam</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">бревна мы по гололеду тащили волоком</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">we dragged logs on ice</q>
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</tr>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">qæwy særmæ qædy pyxs rakodton, k˳yrīsbast æj
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yskodton æmæ jæ wyrdygmæ <oRef>syfcæj</oRef> ællaston</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">в лесу над аулом я нарубил хворосту, связал его
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в сноп и волоком стащил вниз</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">in the forest above the village, I chopped
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brushwood, tied it into a sheaf and dragged it down</q>
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</tr>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æz wæ <oRef>sufcæj</oRef> lasgænæn</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">я возьму вас на буксир</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I will take you in tow</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_FS"/>
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<biblScope>II 96</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">erisæj kustoncæ... īnnæ brigædti
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<oRef>sifcæj</oRef> rajstoncæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">они работали, соревнуясь... взяли на буксир
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другие бригады</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">they worked, competed ... took other crews in
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tow</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_FS"/>
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<biblScope>I 20</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит закономерно к <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">sufti-</w>
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<gloss><q>плечо</q></gloss></mentioned> (<c>c</c> ← <c>ti</c>, как в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_acc"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_arc"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xælc"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bærc"/> и мн. др.). Имеется в виду
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процесс волочения тяжести человеком, причем веревка для волочения бывает перекинута через
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плечо; стало быть, <oRef>syfcæj lasyn</oRef> буквально <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">тащить плечом</q>. Ср. <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>suft</w>, <w>sift</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>suft</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sgh" extralang="sgh-x-oroshori x-rushani"><lang/>
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<w>sivd</w>, <w>sivδ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="srh"><lang/>
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<w>sevd</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="isk"><lang/>
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<w>sәvd</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="mnj"><lang/>
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<w>sәvda</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ydg"><lang/>
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<w>suvd</w>, <w>suvdo</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
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<w>suti-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>supti-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>śupti-</w>
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<gloss><q>плечо</q></gloss></mentioned>. За пределами индоиранского ср. <mentioned xml:lang="gml"><lang/>
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<w>Schuft</w>
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<gloss><q>лопатка коровы или лошади</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sqj"><lang/>
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<w>sup</w>
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<gloss><q>плечо</q></gloss><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
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<biblScope>627</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. — <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">sufti-</w>
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<gloss><q>плечо</q></gloss></mentioned> удержалось в осетинском только в выражениях
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<oRef>syfcæj lasyn</oRef> и т. п. Обычное название плеча — <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wæxsk"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">wæxsk</w>
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<w xml:lang="os-x-digor">usqæ</w></ref>, q. v.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Regularly goes back to <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">sufti-</w>
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<gloss><q>shoulder</q></gloss></mentioned> (<c>c</c> ← <c>ti</c>, like in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_acc"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_arc"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xælc"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bærc"/> etc). This refers to the
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process of dragging heavy things by a person, and the rope for dragging is thrown over the
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shoulder; hence, <oRef>syfcæj lasyn</oRef> is literally <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">to drag with oneʼs shoulder</q>. Cf. <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>suft</w>, <w>sift</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>suft</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sgh" extralang="sgh-x-oroshori x-rushani"><lang/>
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<w>sivd</w>, <w>sivδ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="srh"><lang/>
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<w>sevd</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="isk"><lang/>
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<w>sәvd</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="mnj"><lang/>
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<w>sәvda</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ydg"><lang/>
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<w>suvd</w>, <w>suvdo</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
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<w>suti-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>supti-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>śupti-</w>
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<gloss><q>shoulder</q></gloss></mentioned>. Beyond Indo-Iranian, cf. <mentioned xml:lang="gml"><lang/>
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<w>Schuft</w>
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<gloss><q>shoulder blade of cow or horse</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sqj"><lang/>
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<w>sup</w>
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<gloss><q>shoulder</q></gloss><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
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<biblScope>627</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. — <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">sufti-</w>
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<gloss><q>shoulder</q></gloss></mentioned> was retained in Ossetian only in expressions
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<oRef>syfcæj lasyn</oRef> etc. The common name for shoulder is <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wæxsk"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">wæxsk</w>
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<w xml:lang="os-x-digor">usqæ</w></ref>, q. v.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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