557 lines
31 KiB
XML
557 lines
31 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">tyx</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_tyx" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
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<form xml:id="form_d4067e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>tyx</orth></form>
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<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>tuxæ</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d4067e69">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>сила</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>strength</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>мощь</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>power</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth><ref type="xr" target="#entry_tyxǵyn"/></orth></form>
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<sense>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">сильный</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">strong</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>сильно</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>strongly</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>очень</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>very</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth><ref type="xr" target="#entry_ædyx"/></orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">бессильный</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">powerless</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>æmdyx</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">равносильный</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">equivalent</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>tyx kænyn</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">осиливать</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">master</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>одолевать</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>overcome</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>совершать насилие</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>commit violence</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>неприятно действовать</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>act unpleasantly</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth><ref type="xr" target="#entry_tyxgænæg"/></orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">насильник</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">offender</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth><ref type="xr" target="#entry_tyxagūr"/></orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">тот, кто ищет, с кем помериться силой</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">one who is looking for someone to measure
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strength with</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>tyxtona</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">добыча, взятая силой</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">plunder taken by force</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>fætyx wyn</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">одолеть</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">overcome</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>осилить</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>overpower</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">нередко в паре с близкими по значению <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bon"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7xsar_1"/>: </note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">often paired with closely related <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bon"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7xsar_1"/>: </note>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>jæ tyx, jæ bonæj</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">изо всех сил</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">with all the might</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>tyx æmæ xsaræj</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">силой и доблестью</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">with strength and prowess</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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</re>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>tyxamælttæj</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">еле-еле</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">barely</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>с большим трудом</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>with great difficulty</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_amal"/>)</note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_amal"/>)</note>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<form type="lemma"><lang/><orth>tuxzamanatæj</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<def xml:lang="ru">id.</def>
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<def xml:lang="en">id.</def>
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</sense>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zamana"/>)</note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zamana"/>)</note>
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</re>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>tyxxæj-fydæj</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<def xml:lang="ru">id</def>
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<def xml:lang="en">id</def>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">jæ <oRef>tyx</oRef> basædda!</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">да сокрушится его сила!</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">let his strength be crushed!</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>18</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">G˳yrʒystony padcaxadæn jæ <oRef>tyx</oRef>
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asastoj Turk, Pers æmæ Lekʼ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">силу Грузинского царства сломили турки, персы и
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лезгины (дагестанцы)</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the power of the Georgian kingdom was broken by
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the
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<?oxy_comment_start author="irina" timestamp="20230313T222047+0300" comment="эти товарищи правильные?"?>Turks,
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Persians and Lezgins (Daghestanis)<?oxy_comment_end ?></q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>33</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">zondæj myl <oRef>fætyx</oRef> dæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">умом ты меня осилил</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">you have
|
|||
|
|
overpowered<?oxy_comment_start author="irina" timestamp="20230313T222137+0300" comment="осилил умом?? как это"?>
|
|||
|
|
me with your mind<?oxy_comment_end ?></q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>44</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">næ kūrys, arxajys <oRef>tyxæj</oRef></quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ты не просишь, (а) действуешь силой</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">you do not ask, but act by force</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>94</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>tyxæj</oRef> arxajyn ma sfænd
|
|||
|
|
kænūt</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">не вздумайте действовать силой</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">do not try to use force</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Нафи"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>235</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>tyxy</oRef> bon ædyxæj dywwæ dīxy k˳y
|
|||
|
|
festūt</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">в дни насилия (в дни, когда господствует сила)
|
|||
|
|
вы оказались в бессилии (разделенными на) две части</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">in the days of violence (in the days when force
|
|||
|
|
reigns) you found yourself powerless (divided into) two parts</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Темыр."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>20</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dæ <oRef>tyx</oRef> æmæ de ʽxsaræj ægas dune
|
|||
|
|
k˳y ryztī</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">от твоей силы и доблести дрожал весь мир</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">from your strength and valour the whole world
|
|||
|
|
trembled</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Темыр."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>37</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">lekʼæj iry xsæn īw <oRef>tyx</oRef>, īw
|
|||
|
|
læburd dær nal cydī, warzonæj cardysty</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">между дагестанцами и осетинами не совершалось
|
|||
|
|
больше ни одного насилия, ни одного нападения, они жили в согласии</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">between Daghestanis and Ossetians there was no
|
|||
|
|
more violence, not a single attack, they lived in harmony</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>40</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Bættu bærzond fæxasta jæ kard æmæ...
|
|||
|
|
<oRef>tyx</oRef>-tyxægæj nyrrīwyǧta Toxtæjy kardy</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Батту высоко занес свою шашку и изо всех сил
|
|||
|
|
ударил по шашке Тохта</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Battu raised his sabre high and hit Tokht’s
|
|||
|
|
sabre with all his might</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>50</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
|||
|
|
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ku iscæwuncæ i Biaslantæ dawwadæsemæj
|
|||
|
|
<oRef>tuxæ</oRef> kænunmæ — mæ fons esunmæ</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">идут Биаслановы в количестве двенадцати, чтобы
|
|||
|
|
учинить насилие — отнять мой скот</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Biaslanovs are coming in the amount of twelve
|
|||
|
|
to inflict violence – to take away my cattle</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>81</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">jæ wynd dær myn <oRef>tyx</oRef> kæny</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">один его вид на меня действует (раздражает,
|
|||
|
|
ненавистен)</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">just looking at him affects me (it is annoying,
|
|||
|
|
I hate it)</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
|||
|
|
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">marǧ niǧǧær kodta æ
|
|||
|
|
<oRef>tuxæ</oRef>-bænttæj</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">птица крикнула изо всех сил</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the bird screamed with all its might</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>1936 II 35</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
|||
|
|
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">onæn ba <oRef>tuxæ</oRef> kodta Axsaqtemur,
|
|||
|
|
ma ʒi næbal færaztoncæ</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">над ними чинил насилия Ахсактемур, и им стало
|
|||
|
|
от него невмоготу</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><?oxy_comment_start author="irina" timestamp="20230313T222551+0300" comment="????"?>Akhsaqtemur
|
|||
|
|
did violence to them, and they could not stand it from him<?oxy_comment_end ?></q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>19<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">10</hi></biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
|||
|
|
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">duwwæ osemæn sæ <oRef>tuxæ</oRef>
|
|||
|
|
basastæj</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">у двух женщин сила иссякла</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">two women lost their strength</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>34<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">5</hi></biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
|||
|
|
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æ <oRef>tuxæmæ</oRef> in ku ʽrkastæj
|
|||
|
|
wæjug...</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">когда великан посмотрел на его силу...</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">when the giant looked at his power...</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>3<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">5</hi></biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
|||
|
|
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>tuxamælttæj</oRef> ærbaqærttæj
|
|||
|
|
Londonmæ</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">с трудом он добрался до Лондона</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">with difficulty he made it to London</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_AK"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>III 31</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
|||
|
|
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">skʼolaj calcæg <oRef>tuxzamanatæj</oRef>
|
|||
|
|
rajdædta</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ремонт школы начался с трудом</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">school renovation started with difficulty</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_SD"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>194<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">3</hi></biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
</exampleGrp>
|
|||
|
|
<etym xml:lang="ru">Вероятно, одного корня с <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tūg"><w>tūg</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>кровь</q></gloss></ref>’ (<mentioned xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w type="rec">tu-</w>, <w type="rec">teu-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>жизненная сила</q></gloss></mentioned>). Другая возможность — видеть в
|
|||
|
|
<oRef>tyx</oRef> | <oRef>tuxæ</oRef> вариант слова <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tox"><w>tox</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>борьба</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>война</q></gloss></ref> и возводить к <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>taxma-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>сильный</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>мощный</q></gloss></mentioned>. В последнем
|
|||
|
|
случае пришлось бы допустить, что носовой <c>-m-</c> до своего выпадения успел повлиять на
|
|||
|
|
сужение гласного <c>a</c> → <c>y</c> | <c>u</c>, как в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_dymyn"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cymyn"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tymyǧ"/>, для сужения гласного ср. также <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fyx"><w>fyx</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>вареный</q></gloss></ref> из <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">paxva-</w></mentioned>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_nyx_1"><w>nyx</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>ноготь</q></gloss></ref> из <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">naxa-</w></mentioned>. При любом этимологическом анализе следует учесть и <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w type="rec">tūx</w> (<w>twγ</w>) <gloss><q>быстрый</q></gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment">(«быстрота» и «сила» семантически родственны; ср. <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>geschwind</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>быстрый</q></gloss></mentioned> при <mentioned xml:lang="gmh"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>swint</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>сильный</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>ǰavas-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>быстрота</q></gloss></mentioned> при <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>zavah-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>сила</q></gloss></mentioned>)</note></mentioned>. Ср. также <mentioned xml:lang="sog" extralang="xco"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w type="rec">tūk-</w></mentioned> в <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>twkʼspʼδʼk</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xco"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>twkspʼθʼ</w></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">обладатель сильного войска</q></gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment">= <mentioned xml:lang="os"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w type="rec">tuxæfsad</w></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Муг"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>III 91</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>twkznk</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">обладающий сильным потомством</q></gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment">= <mentioned xml:lang="os"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w type="rec">tuxzænæg</w></mentioned> (<bibl><author>Смирнова</author>,
|
|||
|
|
<title>Сборник статей по истории и филологии народов Средней Азии</title>,
|
|||
|
|
<pubPlace>Сталинабад</pubPlace>, <date>1953</date>, <biblScope>стр.
|
|||
|
|
205–211</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. — См. еще <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ædyx"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tyxagūr"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tyxæj"><w>tyxæj</w> (<w>tyxxæj)</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tyxʒyrd"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tyxgænæg"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tyxǵyn"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tyxmi"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tuxwast"/>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Probably, of the same root with <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tūg"><w>tūg</w>
|
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<gloss><q>blood</q></gloss></ref> (<mentioned xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
|
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<w type="rec">tu-</w>, <w type="rec">teu-</w>
|
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<gloss><q>life force</q></gloss></mentioned>). Another possibility is to see in
|
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<oRef>tyx</oRef> | <oRef>tuxæ</oRef> the variant of the word <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tox"><w>tox</w>
|
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<gloss><q>fight</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>war</q></gloss></ref> and trace it to <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
|
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<w>taxma-</w>
|
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<gloss><q>strong</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>powerful</q></gloss></mentioned>. In the latter
|
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case, one would have to admit that the nasal <c>-m-</c> before its disappearance, managed
|
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|
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to influence the narrowing of the vowel <c>a</c> → <c>y</c> | <c>u</c>, as in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_dymyn"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cymyn"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tymyǧ"/>, for the vowel narrowing cf. also <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fyx"><w>fyx</w>
|
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|
|
<gloss><q>boiled</q></gloss></ref> from <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">paxva-</w></mentioned>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_nyx_1"><w>nyx</w>
|
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|
|
<gloss><q>fingernail</q></gloss></ref> from <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">naxa-</w></mentioned>. Any etymological analysis should take into account <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
|
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|
|
<w type="rec">tūx</w> (<w>twγ</w>) <gloss><q>fast</q></gloss>
|
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|
|
<note type="comment">(<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">quickness</q> and <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">strength</q> are semantically related; cf. <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
|
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|
|
<w>geschwind</w>
|
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|
|
<gloss><q>fast</q></gloss></mentioned> next to <mentioned xml:lang="gmh"><lang/>
|
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|
|
<w>swint</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>strong</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>ǰavas-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>quickness</q></gloss></mentioned> next to <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
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|
|
<w>zavah-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>strength</q></gloss></mentioned>)</note></mentioned>. Cf. also <mentioned xml:lang="sog" extralang="xco"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w type="rec">tūk-</w></mentioned> in <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
|
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|
|
<w>twkʼspʼδʼk</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xco"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>twkspʼθʼ</w></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">the owner of a strong army</q></gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment">= <mentioned xml:lang="os"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w type="rec">tuxæfsad</w></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Муг"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>III 91</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>twkznk</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">possessing strong descendants</q></gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment">= <mentioned xml:lang="os"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w type="rec">tuxzænæg</w></mentioned> (<bibl><author>Smirnova</author>,
|
|||
|
|
<title>Sbornik statej po istorii i filologii narodov Srednej Azii</title> [Collection of
|
|||
|
|
articles on the history and philology of the peoples of Central Asia],
|
|||
|
|
<pubPlace>Stalinabad</pubPlace>, <date>1953</date>, <biblScope>p.
|
|||
|
|
205–211</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. — See also <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ædyx"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tyxagūr"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tyxæj"><w>tyxæj</w> (<w>tyxxæj)</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tyxʒyrd"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tyxgænæg"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tyxǵyn"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tyxmi"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tuxwast"/>.</etym>
|
|||
|
|
</entry>
|
|||
|
|
</body>
|
|||
|
|
</text>
|
|||
|
|
</TEI>
|