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abaev-xml/entries/abaev_zærnyg.xml

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2025-03-21 13:42:40 +03:00
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">zærnyg</hi></title>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
<tagsDecl>
<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
</tagsDecl>
</encodingDesc>
</teiHeader>
<text>
<body>
<entry xml:id="entry_zærnyg" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
<form xml:id="form_d4788e66" type="lemma"><orth>zærnyg</orth><form type="variant"><orth>zyrnæg</orth></form></form>
<sense>
<sense xml:id="sense_d4788e69">
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>журавль</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>crane</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
<sense>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>Grus</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>Grus</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
</sense>
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; более употребительны <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qriqupp"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">qriqupp</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">qurroj</w></ref></note>
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; more common is the word <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qriqupp"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">qriqupp</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">qurroj</w></ref></note>
<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>zærnyǵyty</oRef> xal</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">вереница журавлей</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">caravan of cranes</q>
</tr>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">cʼæx sappyl dæs cʼæx næl
<oRef>zærnyǵy</oRef></quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">на зеленом бугре десять серых журавлей
самцов</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">there are ten male cranes on a green
hillock</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Niger"/></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>zyrnæg</oRef> æmæ rūvas ysfænd kodtoj
mīnas</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">журавль и лиса задумали (устроить) угощение</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the crane and the fox decided (to arrange) a
treat</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Сека</author>.
<title>Уацмыстае</title>. <pubPlace>Орджоникидзе</pubPlace>, <date>1981</date>,
<biblScope>стр. 67</biblScope></bibl><bibl xml:lang="en"><author>Seka</author>.
<title>Uacmystæ</title>. <pubPlace>Ordzhonikidze</pubPlace>, <date>1981</date>,
<biblScope>p. 67</biblScope></bibl></bibl>
</example>
</exampleGrp>
<etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">zarᵃnuka-</w></mentioned>, с метатезой гласных <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">zurᵃnaka-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
<w type="rec">gereno-</w></mentioned> от базы <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">ger-</w>
<note type="comment"> (с вариантом <w type="rec">ǵar-</w>) </note>
<gloss><q>издавать крик</q></gloss>
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
<biblScope>383 sq.</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Ср. <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
<w>zāṇa</w>
<note type="comment">(← <w type="rec">zarna-</w>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
<w>γέρανος</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="cel" extralang="br cy-x-cymr kw"><lang>кельт. (брет., кимр., корн.)</lang>
<w>garan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ang"><lang/>
<w>cornuc</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="goh"><lang/>
<w>kranuh</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
<w>Kranich</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
<w>kʼrunk’</w>
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Ачарян"/>
<biblScope>II 673</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>
<gloss><q>журавль</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
<w>garnỹs</w>
<gloss><q>цапля</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>аист</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lv"><lang/>
<w>gārns</w>
<gloss><q>цапля</q></gloss></mentioned>. От этого же корня с формантом <m>-ōu-</m>,
<m>-ū-</m> сюда относят: <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
<w>gérvé</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="prg"><lang/>
<w>gerwe</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lv"><lang/>
<w>dzerve</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
<w>žeravъ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
<w>журавль</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru-x-dial"><note type="comment">(диал.)</note>
<w>жеравь</w>, <w>жарав</w>
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Топоров</author>. <title>Прусский язык.
Словарь</title>. <pubPlace>М.</pubPlace>, <date>1979</date>, <biblScope>стр.
223–227</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>,<note type="footnote">Ср.
<mentioned xml:lang="ru-x-dial"><lang>русск.</lang>
<note type="comment">(диал.)</note>
<w>журанька</w>
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Даль"/></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, примыкающее к формам с <c>-n-</c>.</note>
<mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
<w>grus</w></mentioned>. О фонетической и словообразовательной стороне см.:
<bibl><author>Георгиев</author>. <title>Исследования по сравнительно-историческому
языкознанию</title>. <pubPlace>М.</pubPlace>, <date>1958</date>, <biblScope>стр.
52</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><author>Specht</author>. <title>Der Ursprung der
indogermanischen Deklination</title>. <pubPlace>Göttingen</pubPlace>,
<date>1947</date>, <biblScope>стр. 48, 161</biblScope></bibl>;
<bibl><author>Otrębski</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_KZ"/>
<biblScope>LXXXIV 84</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><author>Семереньи</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ВЯ"/>
<biblScope>1967 IV 16</biblScope></bibl>. — Об отражении <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
<w type="rec">ger-</w> || <w>ǵar-</w></mentioned> в осетинской лексике см. под <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zaryn"/>. — Общеиранскому согласному <c>z</c> в
древнеперсидском отвечало <c>d</c>. Поэтому общеиран. <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">zṛna-</w></mentioned> дало бы <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
<w type="rec">dṛna-</w></mentioned>. Отсюда, возможно, <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang>новоперс.</lang>
<w>durnā</w>
<gloss><q>журавль</q></gloss></mentioned>. В этом случае <mentioned xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
<w>turna</w>
<gloss><q>журавль</q></gloss></mentioned> пришлось бы считать заимствованием из
персидского, а не обратно, как думают обычно (например: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Doerfer"/>
<biblScope>III 199</biblScope></bibl>). <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang>Перс.</lang>
<w>durna</w></mentioned> вошло также в некоторые языки Кавказа: <mentioned xml:lang="lez" extralang="rut"><lang/>
<w>durna</w>
<gloss><q>журавль</q></gloss></mentioned>. — Из осетинского идет <mentioned xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><lang/>
<w>zurnuk</w>
<gloss><q>журавль</q></gloss></mentioned>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
<biblScope>50</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._EVP"/>
<biblScope>103</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_NTS"/>
<biblScope>1942 XII 264</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
<etym xml:lang="en">Goes back to <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">zarᵃnuka-</w></mentioned>, with vowel metathesis <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">zurᵃnaka-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
<w type="rec">gereno-</w></mentioned> from the base <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">ger-</w>
<note type="comment"> (with a variant <w type="rec">ǵar-</w>) </note>
<gloss><q>scream</q></gloss>
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
<biblScope>383 sq.</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Cf. <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
<w>zāṇa</w>
<note type="comment">(← <w type="rec">zarna-</w>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
<w>γέρανος</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="cel" extralang="br cy-x-cymr kw"><lang>Celtic (Breton, Cymric, Cornish)</lang>
<w>garan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ang"><lang/>
<w>cornuc</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="goh"><lang/>
<w>kranuh</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
<w>Kranich</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
<w>kʼrunk’</w>
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Ачарян"/>
<biblScope>II 673</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>
<gloss><q>crane</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
<w>garnỹs</w>
<gloss><q>heron</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>stork</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lv"><lang/>
<w>gārns</w>
<gloss><q>heron</q></gloss></mentioned>. From the same root with the formant
<m>-ōu-</m>, <m>-ū-</m>
<?oxy_comment_start author="irina" timestamp="20230717T134858+0300" comment="сюда относят"?>see
here<?oxy_comment_end ?>: <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
<w>gérvé</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="prg"><lang/>
<w>gerwe</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lv"><lang/>
<w>dzerve</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
<w>žeravъ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
<w>žuravlʹ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru-x-dial"><note type="comment">(dialectal)</note>
<w>žeravʹ</w>, <w>žarav</w>
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Toporov</author>. <title>Prusskij jazyk. Slovarʹ
[Prussian language. Dictionary]</title>. <pubPlace>Moscow</pubPlace>,
<date>1979</date>, <biblScope>p.
223–227</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>,<note type="footnote">Cf. <mentioned xml:lang="ru-x-dial"><lang>Russian</lang>
<note type="comment">(dialectal)</note>
<w>žuranʹka</w>
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Даль"/></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, which is adjacent to forms with <c>-n-</c>.</note>
<mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
<w>grus</w></mentioned>. On the phonetic and derivational side, see:
<bibl><author>Georgiev</author>. <title>Issledovanija po sravnitelʹno-istoričeskomu
jazykoznaniju [Studies in comparative historical linguistics]</title>.
<pubPlace>Moscow</pubPlace>, <date>1958</date>, <biblScope>p. 52</biblScope></bibl>;
<bibl><author>Specht</author>. <title>Der Ursprung der indogermanischen
Deklination</title>. <pubPlace>Göttingen</pubPlace>, <date>1947</date>, <biblScope>p.
48, 161</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><author>Otrębski</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_KZ"/>
<biblScope>LXXXIV 84</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><author>Semerenʹi</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ВЯ"/>
<biblScope>1967 IV 16</biblScope></bibl>. — On the reflection of <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
<w type="rec">ger-</w> || <w>ǵar-</w></mentioned> in Ossetic vocabilary see under <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zaryn"/>. — The
<?oxy_comment_start author="irina" timestamp="20230717T135206+0300" comment="?"?>common<?oxy_comment_end ?>
Iranian consonant <c>z</c> corresponded to <c>d</c> in Old Persian. That is why Iranian
<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">zṛna-</w></mentioned> would have given
<mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
<w type="rec">dṛna-</w></mentioned>. From it, perhaps, there is <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
<w>durnā</w>
<gloss><q>crane</q></gloss></mentioned>. In this case <mentioned xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
<w>turna</w>
<gloss><q>crane</q></gloss></mentioned> would have to be considered a borrowing from
Persian, and not vice versa, as is usually thought (for example: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Doerfer"/>
<biblScope>III 199</biblScope></bibl>). <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
<w>durna</w></mentioned> also
<?oxy_comment_start author="irina" timestamp="20230717T135341+0300" comment="?"?>entered<?oxy_comment_end ?>
some languages of the Caucasus: <mentioned xml:lang="lez" extralang="rut"><lang/>
<w>durna</w>
<gloss><q>crane</q></gloss></mentioned>. — From Ossetic there is <mentioned xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><lang/>
<w>zurnuk</w>
<gloss><q>crane</q></gloss></mentioned>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
<biblScope>50</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._EVP"/>
<biblScope>103</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_NTS"/>
<biblScope>1942 XII 264</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
</entry>
</body>
</text>
</TEI>
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